| 1. |
- Lind, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Sea Traffic Management - Beneficial for all Maritime Stakeholders
- 2016
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. ; 14, s. 183-192
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sea Traffic Management is the idea of sharing information and collaborating to optimise the maritime transport chain while increasing safety and sustainability. The digital information on-board and on shore is abundant; however, the interconnection today is point-to-point and proprietary and stops the industry becoming more efficient. We will discuss how Sea Traffic Management will help the industry achieve improved predictability by introducing standards for key information and supplying an infrastructure for information exchange. This enables all actors involved in the transport to plan better and utilise their resources more efficiently. Shorter routes, just-in-time arrivals, shorter port calls are factors that will strengthen the competitiveness of the maritime sector. Improved situational awareness on the bridge and knowledge of planned routes will help optimised planning as well as reducing the number of incidents and accidents. The standard route exchange format submitted by the EU-financed MONALISA 2.0 project partners in 2014 is included in the current edition of the IEC standard, which was launched in August 2015. Solutions using that standard will start realising the benefits already next year. We will describe an infrastructure, which could work in a centralised manner but also has the flexibility to be organised in a more federative manner, similar to how the maritime world works in many aspects. Some key components are: a unique identifier for each voyage; that the information publisher controls who can access the data; that updated information should be made available in real-time; and that subscription to updated data will be the main trigger for many systems and processes. We will also describe the outcomes of the test beds in the MONALISA 2.0 project - The Sound: how shore and vessel can interact better in order improve safety in dense traffic areas; Port of Gothenburg and Port of Valencia - how collaborative decision making can improve operations for all involved actors; European Maritime Simulator Network - how new solutions can be tested in complex traffic situations and areas with real people on a large number of bridges, without risk. How large of an impact will all this have on the maritime transport industry? Based on a study from Linköping University, we believe that the number €1 billion/year in Europe due to shorter routes is only the tip of the benefit iceberg. In the study ship operators and society split the benefit 50/50. Ship operators save on fuel and other cost, society saves on reduced emissions, and other actors associated to maritime operations benefit from a higher degree of infrastructural use. We will also present results from other business cases developed during 2015, in which the benefits of Sea Traffic Management are elaborated on main stakeholders.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bach, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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HAMNEN SOM ENERGINOD : Ett koncept för hamnens roll i omställningen mot ett hållbart transportsystem
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Transportsystemet står inför en enorm utmaning då trycket på genomförandet av hållbara operationer aldrig varit större. Enligt IEA står transportsektorn för 16% av det totala koldioxidutsläppet i världen som med nödvändighet måste minska för att vi ska kunna lämna efter oss en planet med resurser för framtida generationer. Utmaningen kräver att alla delar av transportsystemet gör sitt bidrag, oavsett om det handlar om transportoperatörer, transportnoder, myndigheter på såväl lokal, regional som global nivå och tvärs samtliga transportslag. Det slutar dock inte där, det är lika viktigt att de som konstruerar olika typer av lastbärare och fordon för både gods- och persontransporter också beaktar den energi som förväntas vara tillgänglig i rätt kvantitet och till rätt pris. Energiproducenter behöver också tillgodose att efterfrågade energibärare produceras och finns att tillgå vid rätt plats och i tillräcklig kvantitet då den behövs. Detta är i linje med de behov av insatser som Sveriges regering lyfter inom transporteffektivitet, hållbara förnybara drivmedel samt energieffektiva fordon och fartyg, för att reducera Sveriges territoriella CO2 utsläpp i linje med de globala målen. En viktig del av transportsystemet är hamnar som har fönster mot flera olika transportslag och utgör multimodala noder som förväntas ombesörja en så sömlös övergång mellan olika transportslag som möjligt, såsom till/från sjö, järnväg och väg. Svenska hamnar är inget undantag, utan i Sverige med sin längsta europeiska kustremsa behöver Sveriges hamnar också etablera tillräcklig kapabilitet för att hantera såväl inhemska transportbehov som förväntade transporter för import och export på ett hållbart sätt. Hamnar står inför utmaningen att både bedriva sina operationer på ett så hållbart sätt som möjligt genom nyttjande av fossilfri energi, att förse besökare med fossilfria energibärare, och att balansera sitt nyttjande och distribution av hållbar energi med de behov som omgivningen har. Organisationer med lastbilar, tåg, och fartyg som besöker en transportnod, däribland hamnar, förväntar sig att de kan försörjas med viss energi. Transportnoder kan således inte bara betraktas utifrån att vara en effektiv omlastningspunkt, utan behöver också betraktas utifrån den roll som transportnoden har och kan komma att ta i den del av energisystemet som relaterar till transportsystemet. Hamnar som transportnoder behöver således etablera en förmåga som energinod. I föreliggande projekt har trender beaktats för utvecklingen inom olika transportslag, intervjuer genomförts med svenska hamnar samt en enkätundersökning genomförts riktad till en majoritet av Sveriges hamnar. I projektet identifieras att de viktigaste drivkrafterna för hamnarnas hållbarhets- och omställningsarbete är kundkrav, kostnadsbesparingar, hamnens interna målsättning (ofta baserad på ägarnas krav och vision) samt regelverk. Slutsatsen är att Sveriges hamnar har en stark ambition att utveckla sin förmåga som energinod för olika roller. Samtidigt råder en villrådighet om vilka satsningar som skulle ge störst effekter för hamnens verksamhet. Viktigt att notera är också att olika hamnar har olika förutsättningar och roller i transportsystemet, beroende på dess geografiska placering, storlek och typ av gods / passagerare som hanteras. Samtidigt görs stora investeringar i Sveriges hamnsystem, för att proaktivt utveckla en kapabilitet att möta dagens och morgondagens transportbehov, särskilt i ljuset av den omflyttning som sker från vägbundna transporter till järnväg och sjö. Det är vanligt att hamnar etablerar inlandsterminalskapabilitet, d v s skapar förmåga för omlastning mellan tåg och väg där inte någon sjötransport behöver vara inblandad. Många av Sveriges järnvägsoperatörer ser hamnar som strategiska noder i järnvägssystemet. Dessutom det är tydligt från intervjuerna, vilket även styrks av enkätsvar, att respondenterna anser att otillräckliga finansiella medel, höga kostnader och skatt, omogen teknik, infrastruktur, effekt, standardisering, kompetens, och politisk otydlighet är de största utmaningar som påverkar svenska hamnars roll i hållbarhets- och omställningsarbete. Baserat på genomförd trend- och nulägesanalys föreslås en mognadsmodell som rådgivande för hamnens proaktiva utveckling av sin energinodskapacitet. Denna modell tar utgångspunkt i att hamnen etablerar en energistrategi som tar höjd för nödvändiga samarbeten och investeringar som de både blir tvingade till genom regelverk, påverkade av genom beslut och själva har rådighet över. Hamnarna är tydliga med att huvudverksamheten är att utgöra en transportnod, men att de, för att möjliggöra en omställning mot ett hållbart transportsystem, också behöver ge utrymme för andra aktörer, såsom energiproducenter och energidistributörer att bedriva sin verksamhet relaterat till hamnens geografiska område. Således behöver det kluster av aktörer som ingår i hamnen som nod expanderas till att också innefatta producenter och distributörer av energi. Hamnens energistrategi är rådgivande för att hamnen skall kunna etablera en förmåga som säkerställer att de krav som hamnens operationer, hamnens besökare och hamnens roll med sin geografiska placering, möts. Föreslagen mognadsmodell riktar uppmärksamhet just till dessa nivåer av förmåga och skapar grunder för formuleringen av en proaktiv strategi för den enskilda hamnens roll i transportsystemets energiomställning. En viktig grund blir då att simulera framtida energibehov, såsom inom elförsörjnings- och eldistributionsområdet, men även för andra energibärare, varför detta projekt föreslår ett fortsättningsprojekt där förväntade energibehov kan simuleras och bli rådgivande för strategi, samverkan och investering för Sveriges hamnar. En sådan simuleringsmodell bygger på hamnens digitala förmåga att fånga och använda data från operationer för att säkerställa att hamnen bidrar till transporteffektivitet, användning av hållbara förnybara drivmedel samt energieffektiva fordon och fartyg. Samspelet mellan hamnen som energinod och transportbärares kapabilitet att drivas på hållbar energi samt energiproducenters/energidistributörers förmåga att tillhandahålla fossilfri energi, utgör grunden till fossilfria transporter. Fossilfria väg-, järnvägs- och sjötransporter kan således inte etableras utan att ta hänsyn till alla ingående komponenter. I denna nödvändiga transformation har hamnar och andra transportnoder en nyckelroll.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Brorström, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Doktorsutbildning för framtidens förvaltningsdoktorander : ett strategidokument från Högskolan i Borås
- 2008
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett mera kunskapsintensivt arbetsliv och tilltagande utmaningar för välfärdssamhället samverkar till att öka behovet av forskarkompetenser inom den offentliga sektorn. Allt fler personer med kvalificerade befattningar kommer i en nära framtid att behöva utföra forskningsliknande arbetsuppgifter, och delta i olika former av utvecklingsarbete och problemlösning som förutsätter ett tillgodogörande av vetenskapliga och analytiska arbetssätt. Förvaltningsdoktorer skulle kunna fungera som brobyggare mellan den svenska högskolan och den offentliga sektorns professioner, och därmed bidra till ett ökat in- och utflöde mellan å ena sidan den högre utbildningen och forskningen och å den andra en central del av välfärdsektorn. I denna rapport presenterar forskarna Björn Brorström, Olov Forsgren, Mikael Lind och Mikael Löfström ett förslag till en nydanande och professionsinriktad doktorsutbildning som riktar sig till framtidens förvaltningsexpertis.
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| 6. |
- Fan, Xuelong, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of sensor types and angular velocity computational methods in field measurements of occupational upper arm and trunk postures and movements
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 21:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accelerometer-based inclinometers have dominated kinematic measurements in previous field studies, while the use of inertial measurement units that additionally include gyroscopes is rapidly increasing. Recent laboratory studies suggest that these two sensor types and the two commonly used angular velocity computational methods may produce substantially different results. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the effects of sensor types and angular velocity computational methods on the measures of work postures and movements in a real occupational setting. Half-workday recordings of arm and trunk postures, and movements from 38 warehouse workers were compared using two sensor types: accelerometers versus accelerometers with gyroscopes—and using two angular velocity computational methods, i.e., inclination velocity versus generalized velocity. The results showed an overall small difference (<2° and value independent) for posture percentiles between the two sensor types, but substantial differences in movement percentiles both between the sensor types and between the angular computational methods. For example, the group mean of the 50th percentiles were for accelerometers: 71°/s (generalized velocity) and 33°/s (inclination velocity)—and for accelerometers with gyroscopes: 31°/s (generalized velocity) and 16°/s (inclination velocity). The significant effects of sensor types and angular computational methods on angular velocity measures in field work are important in inter-study comparisons and in comparisons to recommended threshold limit values.
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| 7. |
- Forsman, Mikael, Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Mind the gap – development of conversion models between accelerometer- and IMU-based measurements of arm and trunk postures and movements in warehouse work
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sensor type (accelerometers only versus inertial measurement units, IMUs) and angular velocity computational method (inclination versus generalized velocity) have been shown to affect the measurements of arm and trunk movements. This study developed models for conversions between accelerometer and IMU measurements of arm and trunk inclination and between accelerometer and IMU measurements of inclination and generalized (arm) velocities. Full-workday recordings from accelerometers and IMUs of arm and trunk postures and movements from 38 warehouse workers were used to develop 4 angular (posture) and 24 angular velocity (movement) conversion models for the distributions of the data. A power function with one coefficient and one exponent was used, and it correlated well (r2 > 0.999) in all cases to the average curves comparing one measurement with another. These conversion models facilitate the comparison and merging of measurements of arm and trunk movements collected using the two sensor types and the two computational methods.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalization Drivers, Barriers, and Effects in Maritime Ports
- 2023
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Ingår i: 29th Annual Americas Conference on Information Systems, AMCIS 2023. - : Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maritime transports play a vital role for several industries in enabling efficient and sustainable transportation of goods. Ports are central hubs in the transport chain since they connect the maritime and land-based transport systems. The central position of ports makes them critical enablers of efficiency through digital connectivity but also implies that they need to consider many types of participating agents with whom they form episodic tight couplings. However, the industry's digitalization level remains relatively low, and we know little of the challenges facing ports in increasing it. Through a case study of digitalization in Swedish small- and medium-sized ports handling different types of cargo and serving different types of transport modes, we identify key objectives and critical challenges underlying digitalization processes in ports.
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| 9. |
- Lind, Carl Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Development and evaluation of RAMP II - a practitioner’s tool for assessing musculoskeletal disorder risk factors in industrial manual handling
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 63:4, s. 477-504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RAMP II is an observation-based tool developed for assessing a wide range of musculoskeletal disorder risk factors related to industrial manual handling. RAMP II, which is part of the RAMP tool, is based on research studies and expert judgments. The assessment relies mainly on direct or video observations of the work being assessed, but additionally on measured push/pull forces and weights of handled objects, and on perceived workload and discomfort. Over 80 practitioners participated in the development of the tool. According to the evaluations, 73% of the assessment items evaluated had acceptable reliability, and the majority of the potential end-users reported that RAMP II is usable for assessing risks and as a decision base. It is concluded that this study provides support that RAMP II is usable for risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorder risk factors in industrial manual handling. Practitioner summary: RAMP II is an observation-based assessment tool for screening and assessing major musculoskeletal exposures in industrial manual handling jobs. Over 80 practitioners participated in the development of the tool. This study provides support that RAMP II is usable for risk assessment of musculoskeletal disorder risk factors in industrial manual handling. Abbreviations: CTS: carpal tunnel syndrome; HARM: the Hand Arm Risk Assessment method; IMP: intramuscular pressure; κw: linearly weighted kappa; LBD: lower back disorders; LBP: lower back pain; MAWL: maximum acceptable weight of lift; MHO: manual handling operations; MSD: musculoskeletal disorder; MNSD: neck-shoulder disorder; NSP: neck-shoulder pain; OCRA: the Occupational Repetitive Action methods; OHS: occupational health and safety; PABAK: prevalence and bias adjusted kappa; p0: proportion of agreement; RAMP: Risk Assessment and Management tool for manual handling Proactively; ROM: range of motion; RPL: risk and priority level; RSI: the Revised Strain Index; RULA: the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment; SWEA: Swedish Work Environment Authority; UEMSDs: upper-extremity work-related musculoskeletal disorders; WMSD: work-related musculoskeletal disorder; WRMSD: work-related musculoskeletal disorder; workday8h: eight hours workday.
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| 10. |
- Lind, Carl Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Prevention of work-related ill-health
- 2018
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Ingår i: 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents strategies targeting prevention of work-related ill-health, and how the use of smart workwear (wearables) can facilitate these strategies
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| 11. |
- Lind, Carl Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Prevention of Work: Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Using Smart Workwear – The Smart Workwear Consortium
- 2019
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Ingår i: Human Systems Engineering and Design. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030020521 - 9783030020538 ; 876, s. 477-483
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adverse work-related physical exposures such as repetitive movements and awkward postures have negative health effects and lead to large financial costs. To address these problems, a multi-disciplinary consortium was formed with the aim of developing an ambulatory system for recording and analyzing risks for musculoskeletal disorders utilizing textile integrated sensors as part of the regular workwear. This paper presents the consortium, the Smart Workwear System, and a case study illustrating its potential to decrease adverse biomechanical exposure by promoting improved work technique.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Lind, Carl Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing postural load in order picking through a smart workwear system using real-time vibrotactile feedback
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vibrotactile feedback training may be one possible method for interventions that target at learning better work technique and improving postures in manual handling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of real-time vibrotactile feedback using a smart workwear system for work postures intervention in industrial order picking. Fifteen workers at an industrial manufacturing plant performed order-picking tasks, in which the vibrotactile feedback was used for postural training at work. The trunk and upper arm postures were recorded by the system. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were conducted about the users’ experience of the system. The results showed reduced time in adverse postures for the trunk and upper arms when the workers received feedback, and for trunk postures also after feedback withdrawal. The workers perceived the system as usable, comfortable and supportive for learning.
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| 14. |
- Lind, Carl Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Wearable Motion Capture Devices for the Prevention of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Ergonomics-An Overview of Current Applications, Challenges, and Future Opportunities
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 23:9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a major contributor to disability worldwide and substantial societal costs. The use of wearable motion capture instruments has a role in preventing WMSDs by contributing to improvements in exposure and risk assessment and potentially improved effectiveness in work technique training. Given the versatile potential for wearables, this article aims to provide an overview of their application related to the prevention of WMSDs of the trunk and upper limbs and discusses challenges for the technology to support prevention measures and future opportunities, including future research needs. The relevant literature was identified from a screening of recent systematic literature reviews and overviews, and more recent studies were identified by a literature search using the Web of Science platform. Wearable technology enables continuous measurements of multiple body segments of superior accuracy and precision compared to observational tools. The technology also enables real-time visualization of exposures, automatic analyses, and real-time feedback to the user. While miniaturization and improved usability and wearability can expand the use also to more occupational settings and increase use among occupational safety and health practitioners, several fundamental challenges remain to be resolved. The future opportunities of increased usage of wearable motion capture devices for the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders may require more international collaborations for creating common standards for measurements, analyses, and exposure metrics, which can be related to epidemiologically based risk categories for work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Lind, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalisation for sustainable sea transports
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clean Mobility and Intelligent Transport Systems. - 9781849198967 ; , s. 187-217
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The long history of shipping has created an industry with many autonomous players operating with a high degree of independence but with a need for episodic tight coupling to fulfil individual goals. For example, a ship cannot deliver its cargo without close cooperation with a pilot, tug and terminal operator. Despite this need for episodic tight coupling, the industry has not undergone the digital transformation that would enable data sharing to make coupling more efficient and reduce costs. Furthermore, we have presented a plan for realising STM that is highly cognisant of the nature of the industry. We advocate a digital transformation that preserves independence by allowing each party to manage access to its data and to decide when it will join the digital revolution. Our plan is based on creating an open market with complementary standards that facilitates coordination through data streaming and enables existing information intermediaries, such as shipping agents and new infomediaries provided by entrepreneurial information services, to adapt and emerge to meet the industry’s information needs. In this chapter, we have described a series of digitally-based information services centred on STM that will accelerate digital transformation of the shipping industry and provide Europe with more efficient, safer and environmentally sustainable ship transportation.
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| 17. |
- Lind, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Punctuality as performance metrics for efficient transportation systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: 21st World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, ITSWC 2014. - : Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transportation systems are ecosystems building on a high degree of co-production of value performed by multiple actors. In order to guide involved actors and ensure expected performance it becomes necessary to have an agreed performance metrics. Beside operational capacity for the transportation systems as such it is believed that punctuality as a performance metrics would be a solid base enabling different actors to take appropriate actions in planning, realizing, and evaluating their actions in relation to the expectations among involved actors (including beneficiaries) of the transportation system. In this paper, underlying mechanisms for punctuality are explored as the basis for an efficient transportation system.
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| 18. |
- Mahdavian, Nafise, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Giving Feedback on Postural Working Techniques
- 2018
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Ingår i: Advances in Manufacturing Technology XXXII. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : IOS Press. - 9781614999010 - 9781614999027 ; , s. 247-252, s. 247-252
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Working postures and movements affect work efficiency and musculoskeletal health. To reduce the biomechanical exposure in physically demanding settings, working techniques may be improved by giving instant ergonomic feedback to the operator. This study investigates if feedback can be used to decrease adverse postures and movements in assembly work. A prototype solution of a smart textile workwear was used on a trainee assembly line. Posture and movement signals of 24 trainee operators were sampled via the workwear, transferred to a tablet for analyses and used to provide feedback suggesting improvements of work technique. Two modes of feedback were tested. Every participant’s work technique was measured before and after receiving the feedback and the results were compared. For upper arm elevation angle ≥60, behaviour change is indicated, supporting a positive work technique change, and indicated a future usefulness of technical automatic feedback for operators.
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| 19. |
- Roos, Annica, et al.
(författare)
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Digitaliserade sammodala hållbara transportkedjor, Living Labs i projekt FEDeRATED
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Forsknings- och innovationsprojektet Digitaliserade sammodala hållbara transportkedjor avser en nationell förstärkning till deltagandet i CEF-projektet FEDeRATED, vilket initierats av DTLF (Digital Transport and Logistics Forum). Sverige har inom FEDeRATED haft ett ansvar för WP3 Living labs, där 23 europeiska Living Labs har ingått. För att erhålla en tydlig och mätbar resultathemtagning har det svenska projektet möjliggjort en fördjupning i de demonstrationsstudier som bedrivits i tio svenska Living Labs. Genom denna organisering har projektet haft en unik möjlighet att koppla samman svenska förutsättningar och behov till en bredare internationell valideringsstudie som initierats av Europeiska kommissionen. Till rapporten hör följande delrapporter:1. A Data-sharing Case for SME, Last-mile Delivery Actors (DaLab)2. Better Terminal Flow (BetTerFlow)3. Data Shared Between Distributors to the City of Helsingborg (2TransCity)4. Energiledningssystem för anläggningar, Byggbranschens Elektroniska Affärsstandard (ELSA/BEAst)5. Multimodal Information Sharing (MMIS)6. Optimized Cargo Operations by Cargo Owner Integration (OptiPort)7. Rail-Road Terminal Collaborative Decision Making (RRTCDM)8. RFID in Rail9. Ship’s Arrival and Departure Information Xchange (SADIX)10. Sustainable Intermodal Chain (SIMC)
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| 20. |
- Siwe, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Sea Traffic Management – Concepts and Components
- 2015
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Ingår i: 14th International Conference on Computer and IT Applications in the Maritime Industries.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper gives an overview of all components making up the Sea Traffic Management (STM) concept. STM builds upon information sharing in the whole maritime transport chain, where informationis shared as early as possible about intentions and reached states. Sea System Wide Information Management will provide an infrastructure for a regulated and federated approach to informationsharing. The functional sub-concepts are described: Strategic Voyage Management, Dynamic Voyage Management, Flow Management and Port Cooperative Decision Making. We will elaborate on how they complement each other and which benefits each of them has in regards to safety, environment and efficiency
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| 21. |
- Strandberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Dricksvattenproduktion när spelreglerna ändras - Digitalisering och automation som hjälp för klimatanpassning
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- När klimatet ändras måste fortfarande en så kritisk funktion som dricksvattenproduktion fortgå, vilket innebär att produktionen behöver klara av en anpassning till nya villkor. En av grundförutsättningarna för att hantera förändring är att ha bättre kontroll på råvattentillgången. Processen blir genast mer komplex i och med detta, men genom moderna sensorer som kommunicerar realtidsdata och modeller som kan beräkna prognoser blir det görbart. Vattenverket i Rökebo utanför Sandviken har utgjort fallstudie i projektet. Här använder man både sjö- och grundvatten som råvattenkällor vilket möjliggör blandning i olika proportioner. Givet det klimatscenario som använts för beräkningarna, antas årsmedeltillrinningen till sjön Öjaren att öka med 15 % och grundvattenbildningen med 13 %. Mängderna kommer därmed inte vara något problem givet dagens uttag. Kvaliteten på sjövattnet, och i och med detta också det inducerade grundvattnet, kommer att bli sämre sett ur ett dricksvattenperspektiv. I projektet fanns tre olika tidsperspektiv, från det momentana till klimatförändringar på 50 års sikt. Vilket tidsperspektiv man än väljer är dock behovet av data centralt. Det kommer innebära att insamling och lagring av data måste struktureras, vilket är positivt för erfarenhetsåterföring och drift, men också kommer innebära att det arbete som krävs när man jobbar med dricksvattenproduktion kommer att ändras. Digitalisering kommer att bli en förutsättning för drift av en hållbar vattenproduktion.
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| 22. |
- Akerblad, P, et al.
(författare)
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Gene expression analysis suggests that EBF-1 and PPAR gamma 2 induce adipogenesis of NIH-3T3 cells with similar efficiency and kinetics
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Physiological Genomics. - : American Physiological Society. - 1094-8341 .- 1531-2267. ; 23:2, s. 206-216
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells into lipid-accumulating adipocytes is a physiological process induced by transcription factors in combination with hormonal stimulation. We have used Affymetrix microarrays to compare the adipogenic differentiation pathways of NIH-3T3 fibroblasts induced to undergo in vitro differentiation by ectopic expression of early B cell factor (EBF)-1 or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma 2. These experiments revealed that commitment to the adipogenic pathway in the NIH-3T3 cells was not reflected in gene expression until 4 days after induction of differentiation. Furthermore, gene expression patterns at the earlier time points after stimulation indicated that EBF-1 and PPAR gamma 2 induced different sets of genes, while the similarities increased upon differentiation, and that several genes linked to adipocyte differentiation were also transiently induced in the vector-transduced cells. These data suggest that the initial activation of genes associated with adipocyte development is independent of commitment to the adipogenic pathway and that EBF-1 and PPAR gamma 2 induce adipocyte differentiation with comparable kinetics and efficiency.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Albinsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards a Co-Design Approach for Open Innovation
- 2008
-
Ingår i: <em>Designed for Co-designers workshop</em>, Participatory Design Conference 2008 (PDC 2008). - School of Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, U.S.A : School of Informatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, U.S.A.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 25. |
- Albinsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Turning the Internet Around : e-Me: The Students Ideal e-Service
- 2006
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today students, as many other groups of citizens, are offered, indeed required to use, a rapidly increasing number of e-Services. They range from school and course sites to interactions with authorities as well as companies offering student discounts. This paper reports on a pioneering project in Sweden with a radical approach to this, namely to issue the student with a electronic assistant, an e-Me, that schools, authorities and companies are required to address when interacting with the student. A larger number of students and partners, universities, companies and authorities, have been engaged in the design of such an e-Me. It might be thought of as turning the internet around – rather than having students keep track of sites, they will have to come to the students and interact with them in the way specified by them.
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| 26. |
- Allwood, Jens, et al.
(författare)
-
Making the Web more Pragmatic : Exploring the Potential of some Pragmatic Concepts for IS Research and Development
- 2008
-
Ingår i: The Inaugural meeting of The AIS Special Interest Group on Pragmatist IS Research (SIGPrag 2008) at International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS2008), France. - : The AIS Special Interest Group on Pragmatist IS Research (SIGPrag 2008) – www.sigprag.org. ; , s. 67-72
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we examine some pragmatic concepts that we believe have a potential in relation to three core activities of the IS-field; 1) description and understanding, 2) evaluation, and 3) design. The concepts that we will examine are “social activity”, “communicative act”, “sequences of communicative acts” or “exchange types”, “communicative feedback” and “turn management”. We describe the concepts and then exemplify how they can be used to analyze web services by examining e-mail and Wikipedia as two activities currently on the web. Our analysis leads to a partly new description of both phenomena. It also leads to a number of open questions concerning the functionalities of both phenomena.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Alm, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
-
Metod för utveckling av medborgarkontakter i Marks kommun
- 2008
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Att säkerställa kvalitet i den service som en kommun erbjuder sina medborgare är en komplicerad uppgift. Olika analysinstrument och arbetsformer behöver tillämpas för att säkerställa tillräckligt tydligt medborgarfokus. I detta arbete har en metod utvecklats för att analysera kvalitet i det elektroniska servicemötet. Denna metod bygger på att betrakta organisationens ambitioner och de instrument som tillhandahålls för medborgarna i kontrast till den livssituation som medborgaren befinner sig i. Olika analysinstrument har tillämpats där resultaten pekar på att de tjänster som Marks kommun idag tillhandahåller för elektronisk kontakt inte i tillräckligt grad motsvarar medborgarnas förväntningar. I och med att arbetet i detta inledningsskede bara fokuserat på den elektroniska kontakten så är nästa steg att 1) bredda analysen till att också innefatta övriga sätt att ha kontakt med medborgaren och 2) studera samspelet mellan olika kontaktsätt samt 3) analysera processer och intern koordination hos Marks kommun för att säkerställa kvalitet i kontaktverksamheten.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Andersson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
-
The Adoption of Advanced Mobile Services
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Expanding the Knowledge Economy: Issues, Applications, Case Studies. Volume 4, Part 1.. - : IOS Press. - 9781586038014 ; , s. 1508-1514
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 32. |
- Andersson, Bo, Docent, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Adoption of Advanced Mobile Services
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Expanding the Knowledge Economy. - The Hauge, Netherlands : IOS Press. - 9781586038014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- From a diffusion and innovation perspective, the use of advanced mobileservices is limited, immature, and unsophisticated in several Swedish businessorganizations. In this paper, we report the result from a survey of the 20 out of the 50largest business corporations in Sweden. A number of factors explain the currentsituation, e.g. the mobile phone operators current business models, the lack ofservice providers working between the user organisations and the operators,difficulties in integrating mobile phones with other systems, and a generation issuewhere managers perceive advanced mobile service as a teenage thing.
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| 33. |
- Atterhög, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
How does increased competition on the housing market affect rents? : an empirical study concerning Sweden
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Housing Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0267-3037 .- 1466-1810. ; 19:1, s. 107-123
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study is to investigate if more competition leads to lower rents on the housing market. Data about the rent level for similar apartments in 30 cities in Sweden were available. Three hypotheses were formulated: (H1) Increased 'internal' competition, measured by the market share of the municipal housing company (that dominates the market and is price-leader according to the Swedish system of rent regulation), leads to lower rents. (H2) Increased 'external' competition measured by the price level on the market for single-family owner occupied housing, leads to lower rents. (H3) Lower capital expenditure in the municipal housing company leads to lower rents. The statistical analysis showed a strong correlation between the rent level and the level of external competition, but no relation was found for the level of internal competition and the level of capital expenditure. A possible conclusion is that policies that make it easier for households to leave the rental market are important for increasing the pressure on the firms in the rental sector and reducing rents.
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| 34. |
- Atterhög, Mikael, 1962-
(författare)
-
The effect of competition and ownership policies on the housing market
- 2005
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation consists of five studies presented in seven essays. The overall objectives are to investigate the extent and consequences of competition on the rental housing market as well as the importance of national government policies for the substitute good, i.e. owner-occupied housing. However, each essay also has specific objectives. Due to the characteristics of the housing market, one should not expect competition to be very fierce. The market characteristics are, for instance, capital-intensive, complicated and time-consuming construction processes as well as a limited supply of land in many areas. In fact, firms have a lot to gain from colluding and to avoid e.g. price wars. It is therefore theoretically more likely that housing companies will engage in “functional” or “strategic” competition such as the quality of housing services. Essay I and IV analyze the unique municipal housing market in Sweden where apartment rents are determined by negotiations between the local municipal company and the local Union of Tenants. A regression analysis is applied on data from 30 municipalities. There was a strong correlation between apartment rents at local municipal markets and the level of “external” competition (measured by the price level on the market for single-family owner occupied housing), but not with “internal” competition (measured by the market share of the municipal housing company) or the capital expenditure of the municipal housing company (presumed to reflect historical construction and renovation costs for the apartments). The dissertation also investigates the consequences on rents (essay II) and on the quality of housing services (essay III) from a local Swedish municipal housing company selling a substantial part of its apartment stock (15-40 percent) and thereby theoretically creating more competition. These essays use a quasi-experimental methodology whereby the development of the housing market in a privatization town is compared with the development in a very similar comparison town. It is found that privatization has lead to lower rents in the short- and medium-term in six out of seven privatization towns. The development of the quality of housing services was more related to the performance of each individual company and not a specific category of companies. In essay V, these results are merged and developed further. Essay VI presents a wide range of policies available for governments wishing to increase access to home ownership for low-income households and thereby increasing the pressure on rental housing companies to reduce rents. A systematic overview of policies is provided based on the four distinct time periods of a typical ‘housing career’ of a household; i.e. down payment accumulation stage, transaction stage, ownership stage and selling stage. It is found that many policies are required to meet the specific and differing needs of households for governments wishing to encourage home ownership. Essay VII describes that home ownership rates have increased in almost all industrialized countries during the period from World War II until mid-1990s. The essay analyses the implications of government policies and some other factors (e.g. national wealth, income distribution) on home ownership rates in 13 industrialized countries during the period 19702000. A fixed-effect model is applied on a panel data set. The most important result is that a statistically significant and positive correlation between government support and home ownership rates was found although this is only a preliminary conclusion since data was scarce.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Body weight at age 20 and in midlife is more important than weight gain for coronary atherosclerosis: Results from SCAPIS.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 373, s. 46-54
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated body weight in adolescence is associated with early cardiovascular disease, but whether this association is traceable to weight in early adulthood, weight in midlife or to weight gain is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of midlife coronary atherosclerosis being associated with body weight at age 20, body weight in midlife and body weight change.We used data from 25,181 participants with no previous myocardial infarction or cardiac procedure in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS, mean age 57 years, 51% women). Data on coronary atherosclerosis, self-reported body weight at age 20 and measured midlife weight were recorded together with potential confounders and mediators. Coronary atherosclerosis was assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and expressed as segment involvement score (SIS).The probability of having coronary atherosclerosis was markedly higher with increasing weight at age 20 and with mid-life weight (p<0.001 for both sexes). However, weight increase from age 20 until mid-life was only modestly associated with coronary atherosclerosis. The association between weight gain and coronary atherosclerosis was mainly seen in men. However, no significant sex difference could be detected when adjusting for the 10-year delay in disease development in women.Similar in men and women, weight at age 20 and weight in midlife are strongly related to coronary atherosclerosis while weight increase from age 20 until midlife is only modestly related to coronary atherosclerosis.
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| 38. |
- Berguerand, Nicolas, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Use of Nickel Oxide as a Catalyst for Tar Elimination in a Chemical-Looping Reforming Reactor Operated with Biomass Producer Gas
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5045 .- 0888-5885. ; 51:51, s. 16610-16616
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A secondary tar-cleaning process based on Chemical-Looping Reforming (CLR) was investigated for upgrading biomass producer gas, derived from the Chalmers University of Technology 2-4 MW indirect gasifier. The experiments were conducted in a bench-scale CLR reactor using a manufactured nickel oxide (NiO) catalyst. Although Ni is a well-documented and efficient steam-reforming catalyst, it is susceptible to rapid deactivation under tar-rich conditions. The aim of this study was to explore the advantages of CLR as a gas-cleaning application, a process which offers continuous regeneration of the carbon deposits on catalysts. The tar-reforming performance of this Ni material and its influence on the gas composition and in particular its potential to increase the H2/CO ratio, were studied. The system was tested at reforming temperatures that ranged from 700°C to 880°C and at oxygen concentrations of 1.0% and 2.2% in the inlet feed to regenerator section. The results confirm the strong ability of the catalyst to reform tars. Higher process temperatures clearly promoted tar conversion, with 96% overall conversion at 880°C (99% if benzene is excluded), as compared with 45% conversion at 700°C. The hydrogen production was favored when temperature was raised. Though, a maximum ratio H2/CO of 2.2 was observed at 750°C. Finally, no time-on-stream deactivation of the catalyst in the CLR was observed during the test, which lasted almost 7 hours.
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| 39. |
- Berhan, Yonas, 1970-
(författare)
-
Epidemiological studies of childhood diabetes and important health complications to the disease
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background and aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to increase knowledge regarding the occurrence of childhood onset T1D and T2D in Sweden and in relation to that describe and elucidate important aspects on two grave complications to diabetes; end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality. The two first studies included in this thesis aimed to describe and analyze the cumulative incidence of childhood onset T1D in Sweden and to assess the occurrence of undetected T2D in Swedish children. The aim with the third study was to describe the cumulative incidence of ESRD, and to analyze how ESRD risk differs with age at-onset and sex. The aim of the fourth study was to show how parental socioeconomic status (SES) affects all cause mortality in Swedish patients with childhood onset T1D.Study populations: The foundation for the studies on T1D was data from the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Registry (SCDR). When studying ESRD we also included adult onset T1D cases from the Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS). The study on T2D was a population-based screening study where BMI was measured in 5528 school-children and hemoglobin A1c was measured in children with overweight according to international age and sex specific BMI cut-offs. To study ESRD and mortality, we linked the SCDR to various nationwide registers containing individual information on SES, mortality and ESRD.Results: The incidence rates of childhood onset T1D has continued to increase in Sweden 1977–2007. Age- and sex-specific incidence rates varied from 21.6 (95% CI 19.4–23.9) during 1978–1980 to 43.9 (95% CI 40.7– 47.3) during 2005–2007. Cumulative incidence by birth-cohorts has shifted to a younger age at-onset over the first 22 years of incidence registration. From the year 2000 there was a significant reverse in this trend (p<0.01). In contrast to the increase of T1D, we found no evidence of undetected T2D among Swedish school children. Despite a relatively high incidence in T1D in Sweden there is low cumulative incidence of ESRD, 3.3% at maximum 30 years of duration. We found difference between the sexes regarding long-term risk of developing ESRD that was dependent on the age at onset of T1D. When analyzing how socioeconomic status affects mortality in different age at death groups, we found that having parents that received income support increased mortality up to three times in those who died after 18 years of age.Conclusion: The incidence of childhood onset T1D continued to increase in Sweden 1978-2007. Between the years 1978-1999 there was a shift to a younger age at-onset, but from the year 2000 there is a change in this shift indicating a possible trend break. The prevalence of T2D among Swedish children up to 12 years of age is probably very low. There is still a low cumulative incidence of T1D associated ESRD in Sweden. The risk of developing ESRD depends on age at-onset of T1D, and there is a clear difference in risk between men and woman. Excess mortality among subjects with childhood onset T1D still exists, and low parental socioeconomic status additionally increased mortality in this group.
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| 40. |
- Blokland, G. A. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Sex-Dependent Shared and Nonshared Genetic Architecture Across Mood and Psychotic Disorders
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 91:1, s. 102-117
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sex differences in incidence and/or presentation of schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BIP) are pervasive. Previous evidence for shared genetic risk and sex differences in brain abnormalities across disorders suggest possible shared sex-dependent genetic risk. Methods: We conducted the largest to date genome-wide genotype-by-sex (G×S) interaction of risk for these disorders using 85,735 cases (33,403 SCZ, 19,924 BIP, and 32,408 MDD) and 109,946 controls from the PGC (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium) and iPSYCH. Results: Across disorders, genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphism–by-sex interaction was detected for a locus encompassing NKAIN2 (rs117780815, p = 3.2 × 10−8), which interacts with sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) enzymes, implicating neuronal excitability. Three additional loci showed evidence (p < 1 × 10−6) for cross-disorder G×S interaction (rs7302529, p = 1.6 × 10−7; rs73033497, p = 8.8 × 10−7; rs7914279, p = 6.4 × 10−7), implicating various functions. Gene-based analyses identified G×S interaction across disorders (p = 8.97 × 10−7) with transcriptional inhibitor SLTM. Most significant in SCZ was a MOCOS gene locus (rs11665282, p = 1.5 × 10−7), implicating vascular endothelial cells. Secondary analysis of the PGC-SCZ dataset detected an interaction (rs13265509, p = 1.1 × 10−7) in a locus containing IDO2, a kynurenine pathway enzyme with immunoregulatory functions implicated in SCZ, BIP, and MDD. Pathway enrichment analysis detected significant G×S interaction of genes regulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling in MDD (false discovery rate-corrected p < .05). Conclusions: In the largest genome-wide G×S analysis of mood and psychotic disorders to date, there was substantial genetic overlap between the sexes. However, significant sex-dependent effects were enriched for genes related to neuronal development and immune and vascular functions across and within SCZ, BIP, and MDD at the variant, gene, and pathway levels. © 2021 Society of Biological Psychiatry
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| 41. |
- Bydén, Stefan, 1951, et al.
(författare)
-
Mark - Människa -Miljö
- 2004
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boken handlar om hur marken formats och påverkats av spadar och grävskopor, mular och harvar, kemikalier och sura regndroppar. Den fjärde upplagan har reviderade texter som ingående behandlar marken ur alla aspekter: markegenskaper, kulturlandskapet, skogsbruk, exploatering, planering och lagar, naturvård, information m.m. Boken är rikligt illustrerad med foton, diagram, teckningar och kartor. Boken är ett samarbete mellan Stockholms och Göteborgs universitet. Författarna är verksamma inom högskolan eller annan utbildning.
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| 42. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(författare)
-
Challenges when digital services for sustainable everyday travel is innovated
- 2010
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 2020 according to Traffic Authorities, if all car commuters shift from using cars one day a week to use public transport the green-house reduction goals in Western Sweden in relation to transport will be met. A shift from cars to public ways of transport means a step towards the objective eco-effectiveness (Watson et. al. 2010) as commuters actively change their behavior and consume lesser natural resources to achieve the same travel goal. It is also a step towards eco-equity. By using means of commuter transport functions and services with better environmental performance (such as bicycle or public transport systems like bus, tram or train) each commuter consumes less resources which leaves more resources for future generations, and if the systems are well-trimmed it may even be made to balance with nature’s regeneration capability of energy resources. We argue that it is the responsibility of IS researchers to investigate and evaluate how IS/IT may improve the environmental performance of the systems they work with, and in particular if IT/IS may serve as a persuasive force to stimulate shifts towards more eco-friendly alternatives of transportation. For example, we consider it our responsibility to investigate how IS/IT may increase the eco-efficiency of transportation assets when the volume of travelers of shared resources increases as a consequence of such a shift. People should be able to plan their trip in a way suitable for them as individuals while at the same time being supported to choose sustainable alternatives. In practice they should be able to base decisions regarding trips on information about the reliability of transport services and traffic, on the price, and on the environmental performance, provided to them via digital context based information services. In order to succeed in innovation of new digital services for sustainable travel a number of challenges must be prevailed. These challenges can be related to consumers, service and transport suppliers and governmental authorities in the public transport context.
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| 43. |
- Chaib, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
-
Single target acuity is not higher than grating acuity in a bird, the budgerigar
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Vision Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0042-6989. ; 160, s. 37-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the capacity of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)to visually detect dark single targets against a brighter background and established their spatial resolution limit for such targets. While the sampling density of the retina limits the resolution of gratings, target detection is theoretically limited by contrast sensitivity. This allows many animals to detect single targets smaller than their visual resolution limit, but this is not the case for budgerigars. The budgerigars were able to detect a high contrast circular target with a luminance profile of a single period of a sine wave subtending 0.065 degrees of their visual field, corresponding to a spatial acuity of 7.7 cycles degree −1 , a measurement in line with the previously measured grating acuity of budgerigars (7.7 and 10 cycles degree −1 ). This result is different from findings on the spatial acuity of humans, who can detect single targets much smaller than predicted by their acuity for gratings. The low contrast sensitivity of budgerigar vision might be one of the reasons why the single target acuity is not higher than grating acuity. Adding a bright surround to the target did not influence detection threshold significantly. However, the threshold was slightly higher for a target with a square-wave luminance profile than for a target with a sinusoidal luminance profile.
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| 44. |
- Clausen, Stine Haugaard, et al.
(författare)
-
Two-year MRI-defined structural damage and patient-reported outcomes following surgery or exercise for meniscal tears in young adults
- 2023
-
Ingår i: British journal of sports medicine. - 0306-3674. ; 57:24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate potential differences in structural knee joint damage assessed by MRI and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) at 2-year follow-up between young adults randomised to early surgery or exercise and education with optional delayed surgery for a meniscal tear. Methods: A secondary analysis of a multicentre randomised controlled trial including 121 patients (18-40 years) with an MRI-verified meniscal tear. For this study, only patients with 2-year follow-up were included. The main outcomes were the difference in worsening of structural knee damage, assessed by MRI using the Anterior Cruciate Ligament OsteoArthrits Score, and the difference in change in the mean score of four Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS4) subscales covering pain, symptoms, function in sport and recreation, and quality of life, from baseline to 2 years. Results: In total, 82/121 (68%) patients completed the 2-year follow-up (39 from the surgical group and 43 from the exercise group). MRI-defined cartilage damage had developed or progressed in seven (9.1%) patients and osteophytes developed in two (2.6%) patients. The worsening of structural damage from baseline to 2-year follow-up was similar between groups. The mean (95% CI) adjusted differences in change in KOOS4 between intervention groups from baseline to 2 years was -1.4 (-9.1, 6.2) points. The mean improvement in KOOS4 was 16.4 (10.4, 22.4) in the surgical group and 21.5 (15.0, 28.0) in the exercise group. No between group differences in improvement were found in the KOOS subscales. Conclusions: The 2-year worsening of MRI-defined structural damage was limited and similar in young adult patients with a meniscal tear treated with surgery or exercise with optional delayed surgery. Both groups had similar clinically relevant improvements in KOOS4, suggesting the choice of treatment strategy does not impact 2-year structural knee damage or PROMs. Trial registration number: NCT02995551.
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| 45. |
- Cronholm, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Collaborative practice : an action research approach to efficient ITSM
- 2011
-
Ingår i: 1 st International & Inter-disciplinary Workshop on Practice Research.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses collaborative research as an action research approach. Many times action research is described as embracing one research organisation and one business organisation. We are challenging this view by introducing the concept of collaborative practice. A collaborative practice can be seen as a cluster of local practices and researchers working together. In this way, a collaborative practice should enable joint learning between, and joint development efforts for, several business practices as well as contributing to general practice and the scientific body of knowledge. Based on a case study within efficient IT Service Management (ITSM), the concept of collaborative practice and its relation to other adjacent concepts (such as local practice, general practice and scientific body of knowledge) have been characterized. Our results should be viewed as preliminary since they are gathered from an ongoing project.
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| 46. |
- Cronholm, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Samverkan kring kompetensförsörjning : temporär arbetskraft som strategisk framgångsfaktor
- 2010
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektets mål har varit att utveckla co-designbegreppet samt att identifiera nya innovativa samarbetsformer mellan inhyrare och uthyrare (bemanningsföretag) av temporär arbetskraft. Co-design har av flera forskare rapporterats som framgångsrikt Co-design kan ses som en multi- intressentmodell där intressenter stimuleras att tänka ”outside the box” för att hitta nya hållbara lösningar. Syftet är identifiera och diskutera relevanta perspektiv för att skapa en gemensam förståelse av både problemet och den mest tilltalande lösningen. Tillämpandet av co-design innebär en ständig växling mellan ett gemensamt skapande och en gemensam reflektion. Att uppnå en progression genom artikulering ses som viktigt. Vår analys av begreppet co-design har lett till att vi identifierat flera styrkor som är relaterade till innovationsprocessen, verksamhetsdesign, IT-design och samarbete. Vår analys har också identifierat ett antal brister. T ex är det oklart hur överenskommelser ska träffas när konflikterande perspektiv möts. En annan brist är att co-design är väl beskrivet som teori men behöver utvecklas som metod. Dvs, det är oklart hur ett konkret tillvägagångssättet ser ut. Vi har särskilt studerat och baserat resultat utifrån att användning av workshop som arbetsform i ett co-designperspektiv. Vi har genomfört en förstudie av ett co-design-projekt med ett flertal medverkande aktörer. Medverkande i projektet har varit inhyrare av arbetskraft, uthyrare av arbetskraft (tre bemanningsföretag), en facklig organisation samt forskare. De resultat som projektet tagit fram kan indelas i två huvudkategorier. Det ena huvudkategorin är ett tentativt resultat som handlar om workshops som en innovativ arbetsform. Den andra huvudkategorin handlar om förslag på samarbetsområden mellan inhyrare och bemanningsföretag. De identifierade områdena är både sådana som har en förbättringspotential och sådana som innebär helt nya samarbetsmöjligheter.
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| 47. |
- Cronholm, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
The Need for Systems Development Capability in Design Science Research : Investigating the role of an Innovation Lab as part of the academy
- 2010
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information systems as an artefact-oriented discipline require a strong interaction between researches, developers and users regarding, design of, development of, and the study of the use of digital artefacts in social settings. During latter years performing research in a design science research spirit has gained increasing interest. In larger scale design research endeavours access to systems development capabilities becomes necessary. Such a unit, an InnovationLab, was established in 2006 in a university setting in Sweden. In this paper we are investigating the five years of experience from running this InnovationLab. Our findings point to an innovation lab being valuable for research in general and especially for design science research. However, in order to balance the business of an innovation lab it will be necessary to provide services for other stakeholders (such as administrative units, teachers, and students) as means for developing systems development capability aimed for supporting researchers.
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| 48. |
|
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| 49. |
- Cronholm, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
The need for systems development capability in design science research: enabling researcher-systems developer collaboration
- 2013
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Ingår i: Information Systems and E-Business Management. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY. - 1617-9846 .- 1617-9854. ; 11:3, s. 335-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information systems as an artefact-oriented discipline require a strong interaction between researchers, developers and users regarding design of, development of, and the study of the use of digital artefacts in social settings. During recent years, performing research in a design science research spirit has gained increasing interest. In larger scale design research endeavours, access to systems development capabilities becomes necessary. Such a unit, InnovationLab, was established in 2006 in a university setting in Sweden. In this paper we are investigating the 5 years experience of running this InnovationLab. Our findings point to an innovation lab being valuable for research in general and especially for design science research. However, in order to balance the business of an innovation lab, it will be necessary to provide services for other stakeholders (such as administrative units, teachers, and students) as a means for developing systems development capability aimed at supporting researchers.
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- Dalman, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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A genome-wide association study identifies genomic regions for virulence in Heterobasidion annosum s.s
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. sensu lato (s.l.) is a necrotrophic pathogen that causessevere damage to coniferous forests in the Northern Hemisphere. A genome-wide association studyanalysing the virulence of H. annosum sensu stricto (s.s.) on spruce (Picea abies) and pine (Pinussylvestris) using 23 homokaryotic haploid isolates was performed. The virulence of the isolates wasmeasured as lesion length in the phloem and fungal growth within the sapwood followinginoculations in the stem of 2-year-old pine and spruce seedlings. The fungal isolates were sequencedto between 2.6× and 12.6× coverage using the Illumina Genome Analyzer. This data set yielded33,018 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), with a minor allelic frequency of at least two out of23. These loci were present in all isolates. SNPs and mean values for each virulence trait were usedfor the association study. Twelve SNP markers distributed on seven contigs were found to besignificantly associated with fungal virulence (P< 0.0001). These regions were characterized forlinkage disequilibrium (LD) and gene contents. The LD blocks in these regions ranged between 1.2and 31.2 kb when present. Nine genes encoding calcineurin, acetylglutamate kinase/synthase,cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, serine carboxypeptidase, quinone oxidoreductase (ToxD), twoflavin-containing monooxygenases, exopolyphosphatase and a Swi5 transcription factor wereidentified as candidates for virulence.
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