| 1. |
- Hedström, Brita, et al.
(författare)
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Visby Innerstad : En användningsplan
- 1973
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Sedan lång tid föreligger i stort sett enighet om att bevara innerstadens bebyggelse och att anpassa eventuella nytillskott till det redan bestående. Med den inställningen har förändringsprocessen både dämpats och mildrats men ändå inte bragts att avstanna. Förändringar sker ständigt om det också huvudsakligen i smått: de många synbart så anspråkslösa byggnadsåtgärderna adderar efterhand ihop sig till något större och mer genomgripande. Långsamt, nästan omärkligt, ändrar innerstaden sitt ansikte.Ändå är det inte själva husen som förändrats mest utan användningen av dem. Ur funktionell synpunkt har 1950 - och 60-talen har varit något av en omstörtning i innerstadens historia: den har förlorat nästan hälften av de boende, en stor del av detaljhandeln och praktiskt taget helt sin gamla roll som skolcentrum. I gengäld har ytterstaden vuxit ut till ett sammanhängande kilometerbrett bälte. Till stor del av denna funktionella förändring en följd av beslutet att bevara innerstadens bebyggelse. Vad som inte fått plats inom den gamla ramen har etablerats utandör den.Föreliggande arbete vill ge en översiktlig bild av förändringsförloppen, sedda i ett långt tidsperspektiv men med tonvikt på dagsläget. Bebyggelsen tas upp till utförlig granskning men också användningen av den. Det är just samspelet mellan husen och de funtkioner, de fyller, som kan sägas utgöra bokens huvudtema. I de flesta fall är detta sammanhang hus-användning alldeles konfliktfritt och föranleder därför inte heller någon diskussion. Vad som behandlas är de relativt få problematiska fallen, hus som borde rustas upp för att fylla sin uppgift, hus som är olämpligt nyttjade eller inte använda alls. En serie sådana fall tas upp till systematisk genomgång; samtidigt berörs också de trafik - och miljömässiga konsekvenserna. Bokens syfte är alltså klart: den ger ett underlag av fakta för arbetet med att jämka samman byggnader och användningsformer. I den meningen kan skriften kallas en anvädningsplan för Visby innanför murarna.Arkitekturskolanas arbete har bedrivitis parallellt med den kommunala Innerstadskommitténs verksamhet. Något organiserat samarbete har inte förekommit med de informella kontakterna har varit både täta och goda. Att likheterna mellan Innerstadskommittén och Arkitekturskolans slutsatser blivit så pass stora, kan tillskrivas en gemensam helhetssyn.En av Arkitekturskolans elever, arkitekt Lars-Ingvar Larsson, har tidigare självständigt genomfört en undersökning av förändringar i innerstaden 1945-70- Denna studie publicerats separat och bör uppfattas som ett komplement till den hör föreliggande.Förutom de i innehållsförteckningen nämnda har ytterligare några aktivt medverkat i arbetet. Studiet av trafikfrågorna i innerstaden, i hamnen och öster om ringmuren leddes av Åke Claesson, I fältstudier och diskussioner medverkande Göran Månsson.Arkitekturskolan har fått god hjälp av ett antal initierade personer i Visby. Särskild tacksamhet är vi skyldiga byggnadsnämnden ordförande Henning Jacobson, kommunalrådet C B Stenström, stadsarkitekten Måns Hagbergm f. länsbostadsdorektören Åke Malmberg och landsantikvarien Gunnar Svahnström. I boken publiceringskostnaderna har ekonomiskt bidrag lämnats av Gotlands kommun och Riksantikvarieämbetet.Boken har redigerats av Sture Balgård och Ann Mari Westerlind med hjälp av Henrik O Andersson, Bo Ek, Göran Lindahl, Fredrik von Platen, John Sjöström Gunnar Westerlind och Hans Wetterfors.Skeppsholmen, Stockholm, sommaren 1973.Arkitekturskolans lärare och elever.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Left ventricular remodelling changes without concomitant loss of myocardial fat after long-term dietary intervention
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 216, s. 92-96
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Accumulation of myocardial triglycerides (MTG) is associated with impaired left ventricular (LV) remodelling and function in obese and diabetic subjects. The role of MTG accumulation in development of heart failure in this group of patients is unknown. Short-term studies suggest that diets that lead to weight loss could mobilize MTG, with a favourable effect on cardiac remodelling. In a 24-month, randomized, investigator-blinded study, we assessed the effect of two different diets and subsequent weight loss on cardiac function and MTG in postmenopausal women. Methods: Sixty-eight healthy postmenopausal women with body mass index [BMI] >= 27 kg/m(2) were randomized to an ad libitum Palaeolithic diet (PD) or a Nordic Nutrition Recommendation (NNR) diet for 24 months. Morphology, cardiac function, and MTG levels were measured using magnetic resonance (MR) scanning, including proton spectroscopy at baseline and 6 and 24 months. Results: Despite mean weight losses of 4.9 (1.0) kg (NNR) and 7.8 (1.1) kg (PD), the MTG content did not change over time (p = 0.98 in the NNR and p = 0.11 in the PD group at 24 months). Reduced left ventricular mass was observed in both diet groups over 24 months. Blood pressure was reduced at 6 months, but returned to baseline levels at 24 months. End diastolic volume, stroke volume, and cardiac output decreased over time. No differences between diet groups were observed. Conclusions: Diet intervention and moderate weight loss over 24 months improved LV remodelling but did not alter MTG levels in overweight/obese postmenopausal women. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Arnetz, Judith E., et al.
(författare)
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Is patient involvement during hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction associated with post-discharge treatment outcome? : an exploratory study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Health Expectations. - : Wiley. - 1369-6513 .- 1369-7625. ; 13:3, s. 298-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate whether patient involvement during hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (MI) was associated with health and behavioural outcomes 6–10 weeks after hospital discharge. Background Patient involvement has been associated with improved health outcomes in chronic disease, but less research has focused on the effects of patient involvement in acute conditions, such as MI. Design Self-administered questionnaire study. Questionnaire results were run against medical outcome data in a national database of cardiac patients. Setting and participants Cardiac patients (n = 591) on their first follow-up visit after hospitalization for MI at 11 Swedish hospitals. Main outcome measures Patient ratings of three questionnaire scales related to involvement; cardiovascular symptoms, medication compliance, participation in cardiac rehabilitation, and achievement of secondary preventive goals. Results More positive patient ratings of involvement were significantly associated with fewer cardiovascular symptoms 6–10 weeks after hospital discharge. In contrast, patients who attended cardiac rehabilitation and achieved the goals for smoking cessation and systolic blood pressure were significantly less satisfied with their involvement. No association was found between involvement ratings and medication compliance. Conclusion This study represents a first attempt to examine associations between patient involvement in the acute phase of illness and short-term health outcomes. Some significant associations between involvement and health and behavioural outcomes after acute MI were found. However, higher involvement ratings were not consistently associated with more desirable outcomes, and involvement during hospitalization was not associated with MI patient health and behaviour 6–10 weeks after hospital discharge to the extent hypothesized.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bilén, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Miljökvalitetsmålen 2016 : Årlig uppföljning av miljökvalitetsmålen
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I Blekinge bedöms inte något miljökvalitetsmål vara möjligt att nå till år 2020. För att kunna lämna över ett hållbart samhälle till nästa generation krävs förebyggande arbete, ef?????????????????r. Ambitionerna måste öka och miljöfrågorna prioriteras högre på den politiska agendan.De mål som rör biologisk mångfald och bevarande av kulturmiljö följer enneutral eller negativ trend. I odlingslandskapet leder färre lantbrukare ochbrist på betesdjur till igenväxning av hagmarker. Livsmiljöer försvinner och????????????????????????????????????????,främst möte insekter.För att god ekologisk status ska uppnås i vattendragen behövs ny vattenlagstiftning och mer resurser för tillsyn. I Blekinges kustvatten är övergödning ett stort miljöproblem och det krävs kraftfulla åtgärder för att minska näringsläckaget. Arbetet med vattenförsörjningsplaner behöver fortsätta för att trygga framtida dricksvattenförsörjning. De senaste årens fynd av PFAS i dricksvatten visar på vikten av att skydda vattentäkter, genomföra riskbedömningar och undersöka förekomst av föroreningar.Obalans mellan den tätbefolkade kusten och den glesbyggda landsbygden är en utmaning i länet. Byggandet vid kusten ställer krav på en hänsynsfull bebyggelseutveckling som tydligt beaktar miljökvalitetsmålen.Internationella överenskommelser om kemikalier och minskade utsläpp till luft och vatten är nödvändigt för att uppnå uppsatta mål. Dessutom behövs en omställning till ett samhälle som baseras på förnybar energi. För att skapa en hållbar framtid måste vi förändra vår livsstil och vår attityd till konsumtion. Lokala och regionala åtgärder såsom arbete för en giftfri förskola och minskade utsläpp av mikroplaster är steg i rätt riktning.Minskad biologisk mångfald påverkar tillsammans med klimatförändringar, övergödning och miljögifter många av de ekosystemtjänster som vi är beroende av för mänsklig välfärd och en hållbar samhällsutveckling. Det pågår insatser som förbättrar tillståndet i miljön, men det går för långsamt. Det krävs mer resurser och modiga politiska beslut för att möjliggöra en hållbar framtid, den framtid som vi är skyldiga våra barn!
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| 7. |
- Damber, Jan-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Testicular microcirculation in the rat studied by videophotometric capillaroscopy, fluorescence microscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 126:3, s. 371-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Testicular capillary blood flow was studied in rats using laser Doppler flowmetry, in vivo fluorescence microscopy and videophotometric capillaroscopy. All the methods revealed rhythmical oscillations in testicular microcirculation with a periodicity of 4-10 c.p.m. In arterioles, capillaries and small post-capillary vessels, periods of continuous blood flow alternated with periods of no or very low flow. No visible leakage of dextran-150 was observed from the testicular blood vessels. Four, 8 and 16 h after an s.c. injection of 200 IU hCG the blood flow was continuous and there was leakage of dextran-150 from the microvessels to the interstitial tissue. Twenty-four and 32 h after hCG the blood flow pattern was again rhythmical, and at 32 h there was no leakage of dextran-150. This suggests that hCG induces changes in blood flow and transvascular fluid exchange in the testis, perhaps by altering smooth muscle activity at the arteriolar-level.
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| 8. |
- Darlin, Lotten, et al.
(författare)
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The sentinel node concept in early cervical cancer performs well in tumors smaller than 2 cm.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Gynecologic Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-6859 .- 0090-8258. ; 117:2, s. 266-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the sentinel node (SLN) concept for lymphatic mapping in early stage cervical cancer. METHODS: 105 women with early stage (1a1-2a) cervical cancer were scheduled for the sentinel node procedure in conjunction with a complete pelvic lymphadenectomy. The day before surgery, 1-1.5 mL 120MBq Tc(99) albumin nanocolloid was injected submucosally at four points around the tumor followed by a lymphoscintigram (LSG) to achieve an overview of the radiotracer uptake. RESULTS: During surgery, the overall detection rate (gamma probe) of at least one SLN was 90% (94/105 women) whereas at least one SLN was identified in 94% (61/65 women) with a tumor 2 cm) node without radiotracer uptake. The negative predictive value for patients with cervical cancers
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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On Visual, Vibrotactile, and 3D Audio Directional Cues for Dismounted Soldier Waypoint Navigation
- 2008
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS of the HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY 52nd ANNUAL MEETING—2008. - Los Angeles : Sage Publications. - 2169-5067 .- 1071-1813. ; , s. 1282-1286
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compared a visual GPS, a tactile torso belt, and a 3D audio display in a waypoint navigation task for dismounted soldiers. Using these displays one at a time, the soldier’s main tasks were to walk as fast and straight as possible towards the waypoints while visually scanning the terrain for detection of target flags. The results showed that all three types of displays gave similar navigation precision and target detection performance. The visual display entailed a somewhat higher navigation speed than the tactile and 3D audio displays. Both the visual and 3D audio displays, however, were rated as directing attention away from the terrain more than the tactile display. Compared to the tactile display, a higher mental workload was reported for the 3D audio, which was also rated least suitable for operational use in navigation tasks. Yet, the soldiers’ ability to localize directions to waypoints with the 3D audio display may point to its potential use for radio communication and cueing of directions to threats. In an overall evaluation, eight soldiers preferred the tactile display and four the visual, while none preferred the 3D audio. We discuss the results mainly regarding shortcomings of the study and the possibility of developing and combining the three display types for the dismounted soldier.
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| 11. |
- Faxälv, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of blood coagulation at charged supported lipid membranes
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this work was to investigate the relationship between surface charge of phospholipid membranes and coagulation. Also, we wanted to demonstrate that coagulation at phospholipid membranes could successfully be studied in the method for imaging of coagulation.Analytical procedure: Supported phospholipid membranes were formed from palmitoyl-oleoyl-glycero-3-ethylphosphocholine (POEPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), and 1- palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-L-serine] (POPS) on silicon substrates. The surface charge of the phospholipid membranes was controlled by using different compositions of POPS (negative net charge), POPC (weak negative net charge) and POEPC (positive net charge). Imaging of coagulation experiments were performed on all phospholipid membrane coated surfaces as well as the clean silicon substrate. The experiments were performed in platelet-free plasma (PFP) diluted 50:50 with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).Results: Comparing the negatively charged SiO2 surface with the negatively charged POPS (30%)/POPC(70%) we found an interesting difference. Although both surfaces activated coagulation rapidly, the POPS surface facilitated a faster propagation of coagulation from the surface than the SiO2 surface. It was also found that in order for the phospholipid membranes to exert procoagulant properties, the POPS content in the membrane had to exceed ~6 %. It was also found that positively charged phospholipid membranes did not induce activation of coagulation.Conclusions: The work in this paper demonstrated that the coagulation process at phospholipid membranes can be studied in a straightforward manner using the imaging of coagulation setup. Furthermore, we speculate that the negatively charged phospholipid membranes but not the SiO2 surface can support the binding of coagulation factor complexes, thus facilitating a faster propagation of coagulation. The fact that the POPS content must exceed ~ 6% to fully exert procoagulant properties was also a very interesting result, especially since platelets, when activated, become procoagulant by increasing their negatively charged phosphatidylserine exposure from ~0 % to maximally ~10 %.
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| 12. |
- Fröjse, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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A new method for continuous tonometric pCO2 measurement : in vitro studies
- 1999
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Ingår i: Physiological Measurement. - : IOP Publishing. - 0967-3334 .- 1361-6579. ; 20:2, s. 129-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The available methods for tonometric pCO2 measurement only provide the possibility of performing intermittent registrations. A new method allowing continuous tonometric pCO2 measurement has been developed and tested in an in vitro model. A standard tonometer for intestinal pCO2 measurement was modified to allow continuous perfusion of the balloon with physiological saline solution in a closed system. The pCO2 in the system was determined in a specially sructed measurement chamber with a TCM20 percutaneous pCO2 monitor. In this in vitro model the tonometer balloon was placed in a saline bath with a constant pCO2 concentration and the measurements from the closed circulating system were compared with those obtained from a standard tonometer placed in the same bath. In 8 and 24 h experiments the circulating system measured the pCO2 value as accurately and reliably as traditional tonometry. This study indicates that the new method makes continuous monitoring of pCO2 possible
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| 13. |
- Fröjse, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal pHi studied with continuous saline tonometry during ischaemia and reperfusion in the pig.
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 24:2, s. 150-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate continuous saline tonometry for detection of progressive intestinal ischaemia and reperfusion in a porcine model. DESIGN: In eight anaesthetised pigs, small bowel mucosal pCO2 was recorded by means of two identical equipments for continuous saline tonometry and a standard tonometry balloon during ischaemia and reperfusion. RESULTS: Both systems of saline tonometry functioned stably during the four hour protocol ischaemia, although not significant until after 45 min for one of the tonometers. CONCLUSION: The equipment for continuous saline tonometry has a good reactivity, an accuracy comparable with standard tonometry.
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| 14. |
- Fröjse, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of a novel method for continuous saline tonometry in a porcine model
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physiological Measurement. - : IOP Publishing. - 0967-3334 .- 1361-6579. ; 22:3, s. 453-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Only intermittent and semi-continuous tonometric measurement of gastric and intestinal pHi is possible with the equipment available today. Earlier we developed a system for continuous saline tonometry and tested it in vitro. To assess the in vivo reliability of this method for continuous gastrointestinal saline tonometry, a standard tonometer for measurement of intestinal pCO2 and corresponding pHi was modified to allow continuous perfusion of physiological saline in a closed system and tested in a porcine model. In 11 anaesthetized and haemodynamically stable pigs, two continuous tonometry balloons were inserted into the distal small bowel, and a standard tonometry balloon was used as reference. To test long-term function of the continuous tonometers the research protocol lasted for eight hours. The two continuous saline tonometers performed well, and after an equilibration time of three hours the mean pHi values were stable between 7.35 and 7.43 and between 7.32 and 7.39 respectively. The standard tonometer measured stable pHi values. These preliminary studies indicate that continuous saline tonometry performs well over eight hours with a small bias and a good precision
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| 15. |
- Ghafouri, Bijar, et al.
(författare)
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Newly identified proteins in human nasal lavage fluid from non-smokers and smokers using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 2:1, s. 112-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human nasal lavage fluids (NLFs) were analyzed with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and proteins were identified with peptide mass fingerprinting using matrix-assisted laser desoption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. In some cases, the identification was verified by analysis of post-source decay fragmentation spectra. Many of the identified proteins were new forms or fragments of previously found proteins (e.g. albumin, lactoferrin, cystatin, calgranulin, von Ebners gland protein and palate lung nasal epithelium clone), while others were proteins that have previously been indicated by 2-DE image matching or immunoblots (e.g. apolipoprotein AI, lysozyme C, and Clara cell secretory protein). Some new proteins, not shown before in 2-DE patterns of NLF were also found, e.g. mammaglobin B, 2-microglobulin and immunoglobulin J chain. Of the identified NLF proteins many appear to be involved in inflammatory and immune responses. A study was therefore conducted to investigate if the levels of these proteins were changed in smokers compared to nonsmokers. It was found that NLF from smokers contained decreased levels of Clara cell secretory protein, and increased proportions of a truncated variant of lipocortin-1, three acidic forms of α1-antitrypsin, and one phosphorylated form of cystatin S. Furthermore, NLF from smokers contained increased proportions of a new variant of palate lung nasal epithelium clone (PLUNC), a recently identified airway irritation marker. The results demonstrate that 2-DE of NLF may be used to assess alterations of proteins or post-translationally modified proteins in smokers. Clara cell secretory protein (CC 16, CC 10) and lipocortin-1 are two anti-inflammatory, phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, and α1-antitrypsin and cystatin S are two proteinase inhibitors. Changed levels of these proteins may therefore be of importance to the airway inflammation caused by smoking. The results also support the notion that PLUNC is involved in inflammatory responses in the upper airways.
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| 16. |
- Ghafouri, Bijar, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelial clone) proteins in human nasal lavage fluid
- 2003
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Ingår i: Biochemical Society Transactions. - 0300-5127 .- 1470-8752. ; 31:4, s. 810-814
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelial clone) is a newly discovered gene that is expressed in the upper respiratory tract and is suggested to be of importance in host defence against bacteria. We have identified two forms of the PLUNC protein in human nasal lavage fluid (NLF) using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and MS. The apparent molecular masses and isoelectric points of these forms are 24.8 kDa/pI 5.4 and 25.1 kDa/pI 5.5. Notably, the 24.8 kDa/pI 5.4 form of PLUNC is an abundant protein in the 2-DE protein patterns of NLF from healthy subjects. Decreased levels of PLUNC were found in NLF from smokers and workers exposed to reactive epoxy chemicals, indicating that long-term exposure to airway irritants impairs the production of PLUNC in the upper respiratory tract. We have also investigated the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding proteins in NLF. Five proteins were found to adsorb to a LPS-coated surface; two of these proteins correspond to the two PLUNC forms, as judged by 2-DE pattern matching. For comparison, human saliva was found to contain a set of LPS-binding proteins with similar 2-DE spot positions (the same pIs but somewhat lower apparent molecular masses of 20 kDa). These results indicate that PLUNC may be a new marker of airway inflammation and may play a part in the innate immune response, and that human saliva contains yet other members of the family of LPS-binding proteins.
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| 17. |
- Hoffman, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic Potential of a Luminex-Based Coronavirus Disease 2019 Suspension Immunoassay (COVID-19 SIA) for the Detection of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
- 2021
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Ingår i: Viruses. - : MDPI. - 1999-4915. ; 13:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the current, rapidly increasing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, efficient and highly specific diagnostic methods are needed. The receptor-binding part of the spike (S) protein, S1, has been suggested to be highly virus-specific; it does not cross-react with antibodies against other coronaviruses. Three recombinant partial S proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) expressed in mammalian or baculovirus-insect cells were evaluated as antigens in a Luminex-based suspension immunoassay (SIA). The best performing antigen (S1; amino acids 16-685) was selected and further evaluated by serum samples from 76 Swedish patients or convalescents with COVID-19 (previously PCR and/or serologically confirmed), 200 pre-COVID-19 individuals (180 blood donors and 20 infants), and 10 patients with acute Epstein-Barr virus infection. All 76 positive samples showed detectable antibodies to S1, while none of the 210 negative controls gave a false positive antibody reaction. We further compared the COVID-19 SIA with a commercially available enzyme immunoassay and a previously evaluated COVID-19 rapid antibody test. The results revealed an overall assay sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 100% for both IgM and IgG, a quantitative ability at concentrations up to 25 BAU/mL, and a better performance as compared to the commercial assays, suggesting the COVID-19 SIA as a most valuable tool for efficient laboratory-based serology.
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| 18. |
- Hoffman, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a COVID-19 IgM and IgG rapid test; an efficient tool for 4 assessment of past exposure to SARS-CoV-2
- 2020
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Ingår i: Infection Ecology & Epidemiology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2000-8686. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- COVID-19 is the most rapidly growing pandemic in modern time, and the need for 21 serological testing is most urgent. Although the diagnostics of acute patients by RT-PCR is 22 both efficient and specific, we are also crucially in need of serological tools for investigating 23 antibody responses and assessing individual and potential herd immunity. We evaluated a 24 commercially available test developed for rapid (within 15 minutes) detection of SARS-CoV-25 2-specific IgM and IgG by 29 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases and 124 negative controls. 26 The results revealed a sensitivity of 69.0 % and 93.1 % for IgM and IgG, respectively, based 27 solely on PCR-positivity due to the absence of a serological gold standard. The assay 28 specificities were shown to be 100 % for IgM and 99.2 % for IgG. This indicates that the test 29 is suitable for assessing previous virus exposure, although negative results may be unreliable 30 during the first weeks after infection. More detailed studies on antibody responses during and 31 post infection are urgently needed.
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| 19. |
- Hornum, Mads, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis, management and treatment of glucometabolic disorders emerging after kidney transplantation : a position statement from the Nordic Transplantation Societies
- 2013
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Ingår i: Transplant International. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 0934-0874 .- 1432-2277. ; 26:11, s. 1049-1060
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- After successful solid organ transplantation, new-onset diabetes (NODAT) is reported to develop in about 15-40% of the patients. The variation in incidence may partly depend on differences in the populations that have been studied and partly depend on the different definitions of NODAT that have been used. The diagnosis was often based on 'the use of insulin postoperatively', 'oral agents used', random glucose monitoring and a fasting glucose value between 7 and 13 mmol/l (126-234 mg/dl). Only few have used a 2-h glucose tolerance test performed before transplantation. There is a huge variation in the literature regarding risk factors for developing NODAT. They can be divided into factors related to glucose metabolism or to patient demographics and the latter into modifiable and nonmodifiable. Screening for risk factors should start early and be re-evaluated while being on the waitlist. Patients on the waiting list for renal transplantation and transplanted patients share many characteristics in having hyperglycaemia, disturbed insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance. We present guidelines for early risk factor assessment and a screening/treatment strategy for disturbed glucose metabolism, both before and after transplantation. The aim was to avoid the increased cardiovascular disease and mortality rates associated with NODAT.
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| 20. |
- Högberg, Thomas, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective population-based management program including primary surgery and postoperative risk assessment by means of DNA ploidy and histopathology. Adjuvant radiotherapy is not necessary for the majority of patients with FIGO stage I-II endometrial cancer
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. - : BMJ. - 1048-891X .- 1525-1438. ; 14:3, s. 437-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A management program for FIGO stage I-II nonserous, nonclear-cell adenocarcinomas was evaluated. Histopathology and DNA ploidy were used to estimate postoperatively the risk of progression or death of disease and to tailor treatment. The patient material was a population-based consecutive cohort of all women with endometrial cancer in the Southern Swedish Health Care Region diagnosed between June 1993 and June 1996 (n = 553). Of these, 335 were eligible for the management program. Patients estimated to be at low risk were treated by surgery only, while high-risk patients also received vaginal brachytherapy. A large low-risk group consisting of 84% (n = 283) of the patients with an estimated disease-specific 5-year survival of 96% (95% CI = 93-98%) was identified. The high-risk group (n = 52, 16%) showed a worse outcome with an 80% 5-year disease-specific survival (95% CI = 65-89%). The difference in survival between the groups was highly significant (P < 0.0001). Half of the progressions were distant in the high-risk group. Although there is a clear indication for adjuvant therapy for this group, locoregional radiotherapy could be expected to fail in cases with distant progression. Thus, effective systemic treatments need to be developed. Low-risk patients, constituting the majority (84%) of the patients, can be safely treated by surgery only.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Krachler, Benno, et al.
(författare)
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Fatty acid profile of the erythrocyte membrane preceding development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- 2008
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Ingår i: NMCD. Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. - : Elsevier BV. - 0939-4753 .- 1590-3729. ; 18:7, s. 503-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: The respective roles of dietary fatty acids in the pathogenesis of diabetes are as yet unclear. Erythrocyte membrane fatty acid (EMFA) composition may provide an estimate of dietary fatty acid intake. This study investigates the relation between EMFA composition and development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods and results: In a nested case-referent design we studied 159 individuals tested as non-diabetic at baseline who after a mean observation time of 5.4 +/- 2.6 years were diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and 291 sex- and age-matched referents. Higher proportions of pentadecanoic acid (15: 0) and heptadecanoic acid (17:0) were associated with a tower risk of diabetes. In accordance with earlier findings, higher proportions of palmitoleic (16:1 n-7), dihomo-gamma-linotenic (20:3 n-6) and adrenic (22:4 n-6) acids were associated with increased risk, whereas linoleic (18:2 n-6) and clupanodonic (22:5 n-3) acids were inversely associated with diabetes. After adjustment for BMI, HbA1c, alcohol intake, smoking and physical activity the only significant predictors were 15:0 and 17:0 as protective factors and 22:4 n6 as risk factor.Conclusion: In accordance with previous studies, our results indicate that EMFA-patterns predict development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The inverse association with two saturated fatty acids, previously shown to reflect consumption of dairy products, is a new finding.
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| 23. |
- Lindahl, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Circadian Cortisol Rhythm after Burn Injury
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: The stress response to critical illness includes activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and increased release of cortisol and diminished or lost physiological diurnal variation. Details of this response were analyzed in consecutive burn patients.Methods: Forty-nine patients, 15 women and 34 men, median age 41(range 19-60), median burn size 31 % (range 10-96)n and treated at Uppsala Burn Center were investigated during their first week after injury. Clinical parameters were registered daily, serum cortisol concentrations were analyzed four times daily for seven days, and the daily diurnal slope starting from the daily maximum was calculated. Relevant confounding variables were identified by means of a directed acyclic graph (DAG).Results: The circadian zenith for free cortisol frequently occurred at noon rather that in early morning, it was not related to burn size, ventilator care, or surgery, but was weakly related to the SOFA score. Multilevel modeling revealed that burn size explained cortisol slope. After adjustments for covariates, including the SOFA score, the only significant covariate was the SOFA score itself. Ventilator care explained cortisol slope, but surgery the preceding day did not. Differences between large and small burns were only noticed for the free cortisol concentration at 6pm, suggesting that the flattening of the slope was primarily due to a slower decline in free cortisol from morning to evening. When adjusting for all covariates, slope at 6pm was explained by burn size and P-CgA as well as SOFA score. Both burn size and SOFA score explained the daily coefficient of variability (CV) in free cortisol concentration. Similarly, burn size, P-CgA and SOFA explained AUC.Conclusions: Free cortisol concentration was related to the size of burns, as was the circadian cortisol rhythm. This effect of burn size was related at least in part to its effect on organ function.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Lindahl, Andreas E, et al.
(författare)
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Natriuretic peptide type B in burn intensive care
- 2013
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY. - : Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins. - 2163-0755 .- 2163-0763. ; 74:3, s. 855-861
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The plasma concentration of natriuretic peptide type B (BNP) or NT-proBNP (P-BNP or P-NT-proBNP) reflects cardiac load. In intensive care unit settings and in chronic inflammation, it is also affected by non-heart-related mechanisms. It has been suggested to be a marker of hydration after severe burns and to predict outcome in critically ill patients, but results are contradictory. We therefore measured P-NT-proBNP after severe burns and related it to injury related variables and to organ dysfunction. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMETHODS: Fifty consecutive patients with a burn size greater than 10% were studied for the first 2 weeks. P-NT-proBNP changes were analyzed in relation to burn size, age, changes in body weight, C-reactive protein in plasma, and organ function assessed as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanRESULTS: P-NT-proBNP showed large day-to-day and between patient variations. Daily change in body weight correlated with P-NT-proBNP only on Day 2, when maximum mobilization of edema occurred. Thereafter, P-NT-proBNP correlated with C-reactive protein in plasma as well as with SOFA scores. Burn size correlated with maximal weight change, which in turn correlated with both time for and value of maximum P-NT-proBNP. Maximal P-NT-proBNP was related to mortality and correlated better with SOFA score on Day 14 compared with age and burn size. In linear regressions, together with age at injury and total body surface area, P-NT-proBNP assessed on Days 3 to 8 was an independent predictor for every subsequent SOFA score measured one or more days later up to Day 14. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanCONCLUSION: P-NT-proBNP exhibited considerable interindividual and day-to-day variations. Values were related to mortality, burn size, water accumulation, posttraumatic response, and organ function. Maximum P-NT-proBNP correlated stronger with length of stay and with organ function on Day 14, compared with age and burn size. High values in Days 3 through 8 were also independent predictors of subsequent organ function up to 2 weeks after injury. (J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74: 855-861.
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| 26. |
- Lindahl, Andreas E, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma chromogranin A after severe burn trauma
- 2013
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Ingår i: Neuropeptides. - : Elsevier. - 0143-4179 .- 1532-2785. ; 47:3, s. 207-212
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chromogranin A (CgA) in plasma (P-CgA), a neuroendocrine marker of sympathetic stress, has been shown to predict mortality in medical intensive care. We hypothesized that the magnitude of CgA release would reflect stress load, and thereby injury severity in burn intensive care patients. Methods: Fifty-one consecutive patients with a burn area exceeding 10% were included. P-CgA was measured twice daily for seven days after injury. The point value at 24 h, the mean and maximum values and the AUC at days 1-7, were tested as possible predictors. Injury severity in the form of organ dysfunction was measured as SOFA score at day 7. Results: P-CgA could be classified into two types with respect to variability over time. Patients with high variability had more deep injuries and were older than those with low variability. All measures of CgA correlated with SOFA score at day 7, but not with total burn size. Univariate regressions showed that age, burn size and three of four measures of P-CgA predicted organ dysfunction. Multiple regressions showed that age, burn size, and either P-CgA at 24 h, the mean value up to day 7, or the maximum value up to day 7, were independent predictors for organ dysfunction. Significant organ dysfunction was best predicted by age, burn area and the CgA point value at 24 h with an AUC value of 0.91 in a ROC-analysis. Conclusions: The extent of neuroendocrine activation assessed as P-CgA after a major burn injury is independently related to organ dysfunction.
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| 27. |
- Lindahl, Andreas, 1974-
(författare)
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Neuroendocrine Stress Response after Burn Trauma
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Some aspects of the stress response during acute intensive care for severe burns are described and quantified by measuring hormonal and neuroendocrine patterns and relating these to organ function in the short term. This includes an assessment of whether there are markers for the severity of stress that are better than conventional descriptors of the severity of a burn in predicting failing organ function.P-CgA after a major burn injury is an independent and better predictor of organ dysfunction assessed as SOFA score than the traditionally used TBSA% burned. The results also suggest that the extent of neuroendocrine activation is related to organ dysfunction, and this motivates a more extensive effort to evaluate P-CgA as a prognostic marker with respect to mortality and long-term outcome.P-NT-proBNP exhibited a complex pattern with considerable inter-individual and day-to-day variations. Values of P-NT-proBNP were related to size of burn, water accumulation and systemic inflammatory response. A considerable covariation with trauma response and SOFA scores was observed in day by day analyses, but with weight change only on day 2.Maximum P-NT-proBNP showed a stronger correlation with SOFA score on day 14, with mortality, and with LOS, than did age and TBSA% burned. High values were also independent predictors of all subsequent SOFA scores up to two weeks after injury.P-NT-proBNP and NT-proANP reflect and predict organ function after burn injury similarly, notwithstanding a significantly larger intra-individual variability for P-NT-proBNP. P-NT-proBNP, but not NT-proANP, reflects the systemic inflammatory trauma response.Free cortisol concentration was related to the size of burns, as was the circadian cortisol rhythm. This effect of burn size was, at least in part, related to its effect on organ function.This thesis points to the fact that the stress response is richly interwoven, and cannot be adequately assessed by one biomarker only. All biomarkers studied here can be viewed as representing efferent limbs of the stress reaction, and they would need to be supplemented by biomarkers representing individual physiologic responses that follow the stress signaling.
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| 28. |
- Lindahl, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Adenocarcinoma Corpus Uteri Stage I-II : Results of a Treatment Programme Based upon Cytometry
- 2009
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 29:11, s. 4731-4735
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results of a treatment method on adenocarcinoma corpus uteri stage I-II based upon cytometrically measured DNA ploidy are presented. All patients had a simple hysterectomy. Adjuvant treatment (postoperative vaginal brachytherapy) were given only, to those patients with non-diploid tumours regardless of stage and grade. A total of 1,634 women with endometroid adenocarcinoma corpus uteri stage I-II were included where 1,396 patients were followed-up for at least 5 years or until death and the remaining 238 patients were followed-up 3.5-5 years or until death. By using cytometry only, we identified a low-risk group comprising 83% of the patients (with 52% dead from their disease) and a high-risk group of 17% (with 15.7% dead from their disease). By using grade only (well- and moderately differentiated vs poorly differentiated), the low-risk group comprised 87% of the patients (with 4.6% dead from their disease) and the high-risk group 13% (with 13% dead from their disease). By using stage only (stage Ia and Ib vs stage Ic and II), the low-risk group comprised 78% of the patients (with 3.6% dead from their disease) and the high risk group 22% (with 14.5% dead from their disease). By combining these prognostic parameters, we were able to identify small subgroups with increased mortality rates in need of adjuvant therapy. As ploidy still had a strong prognostic strength regardless of given adjuvant radiotherapy, we do not believe that this treatment was effective. We therefore recommend future research to be directed toward cytostatics as an alternative adjuvant treatment.
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| 29. |
- Lindahl, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Adjuvant tamoxifen in breast cancer patients affects the endometrium by time, an effect remaining years after end of treatment and results in an increased frequency of endometrial carcinoma
- 2008
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 28:2B, s. 1259-1262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tamoxifen is the most used adjuvant drug in breast cancer treatment. Its main action is as an anti-oestrogen, but in the endometrium of some patients it acts as an oestrogen. Some investigators have even reported an increased risk of developing endometrial carcinoma. The question of how to follow-up these patients and how to identify patients at risk of developing endometrial premalignant changes was investigated by the noninvasive ultrasound method. The follow-up of 292 patients from before the start of adjuvant treatment with tamoxifen and 94 without tamoxifen treatment was conducted at regular intervals. The changes in endometrial thickness as measured by ultrasound and histopathological changes are reported. A thicker endometrium was found in patients with receptor positive breast cancer even before the treatment with tamoxifen started. Cumulative increasing thickness was found during treatment and this thicker endometrium remained until almost 3 years after the end of treatment. If the endometrium was <3 mm after 3 months of treatment the probability that it would be thin after 5 years was high. An increased risk of developing endometrial carcinoma was found, however due to this regular follow-up the cancer was identified at an early stage.
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| 30. |
- Lindahl, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term survival in uterine clear cell carcinoma and uterine papillary serous carcinoma
- 2010
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 30:9, s. 3727-3730
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uterine clear cell carcinoma (UCC) and uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) are rare entities that differ in clinical behavior from endometrial adenocarcinoma. Compared with endometrioid adenocarcinoma, they more often metastasize early and more commonly in the upper abdomen including the omentum. Treatment programs of UCC and UPSC at different stages vary and range from no adjuvant therapy in stage Ia to a wide variety of chemotherapies and radiotherapies in more advanced stages. This study presents the outcome of 109 patients with UCC or UPSC treated according to essentially the same treatment program from May 1993 to December 2004. Most patients were treated with a simple hysterectomy with no further adjuvant treatment. In stage Ia, 2/46 patients died of their disease and amongst all the stages, 30/109 patients died of their disease. These survival outcomes are comparable to or better than those presented previously.
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| 31. |
- Lindahl, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Prospective malignancy grading of invasive squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Prognostic significance in a long-term follow-up.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 1791-7530 .- 0250-7005. ; 27:4C, s. 2829-2832
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multifactorial grading score (MGS) for invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix has demonstrated its capacity to predict survival in a 5-10 year perspective and metastasis frequencies, and is a valuable tool for treatment schedules. In this study it was shown that the power of prognosis is valid even up to 20 years. In this material from 619 cervical carcinoma patients the MGS scores turned out to remain as strong as earlier proven. Earlier studies have shown that MGS is superior to other mono- and multifactorial grading systems, histological differentiation into cell types, age, clinical stage, irradiation and DNA-analysis. Treatment of cervical squamous cell carcinoma is more specific today to meet the patients' need for instance to preserve fertility or to minimize operation and eventually radiotherapy. The MGS score is a strong prognostic tool in patients with cervical carcinoma.
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| 32. |
- Lindahl, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Relapse of Endometrial Carcinoma : Follow-up of 272 Patients with Relapse
- 2012
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 32:8, s. 3391-3395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A total of 2090 patients with endometrial carcinoma were followed-up for at least five years. The treatment modalities, as well as the results of treatment, regarding 272 patients with disease relapse are presented. The results are not encouraging. We found no statistically significant difference regarding overall survival, when the patients were divided according to initial stage or ploidy status. There was also no significant difference between overall survival and the mode of treatment. 108 out of 272 patients with relapse died of their disease. Regarding patients in stage I-II we present the survival for every studied year, where we compared those with more than one site of metastasis (n=108), more than one metastasis (n=59), or no relapse at all (n=1289) with an age-corrected Swedish female population. We found that the vast majority of patients did not die from their cancer-related illnesses, and also found an increased death-rate among those with cancer without relapse, compared to those without cancer (20% compared to 14%, 5 year follow-up). We conclude that the majority of patients would benefit from an increased effort to cure other illnesses rather than concentrating on cancer treatment alone.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Lindahl, Camilla, 1969-
(författare)
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Tecken av betydelse : En studie av dialog i ett multimodalt, teckenspråkigt tvåspråkigt NO-klassrum.
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett gemensamt meningsskapande i skolans naturvetenskapliga klassrum förutsätter en interaktion som i allt högre grad kommer att präglas av ett naturvetenskapligt språkbruk. Utvecklingen av ett naturvetenskapligt ämnesspråk innebär ofta en stor utmaning för flerspråkiga elever som lär sig naturvetenskap på sitt andraspråk och vars behov av stöttning därför är särskilt stort. Denna studie utforskar döva och hörselskadade elevers lärande naturvetenskap i ett tvåspråkigt NO-klassrum där meningsskapandet sker genom svenskt teckenspråk och skriven svenska. Avhandlingens övergripande frågor är hur svenskt teckenspråk och svenska används i dialogen och hur dessa språk, i interaktion med andra modaliteter, bidrar till meningsskapandet i naturvetenskap. En grupp på två lärare och åtta elever, alla döva och teckenspråkig tvåspråkiga, filmades i totalt sjutton NO-lektioner. Klassrumskommunikation i denna teckenspråkigt tvåspråkiga miljö med naturvetenskapliga artefakter som modeller, tabeller och övrig naturvetenskaplig utrustning analyseras sedan från ett multimodalt socialsemiotiskt perspektiv där språk och modaliteter diskuteras som potentiella resurser i meningsskapandet. Resultaten visar en komplex dialog där språk och modaliteter hela tiden växlar på ett sätt som starkt bidrar till att driva dialogen framåt. Vidare framstår det visuella-gestuella teckenspråket som en kraftfull modalitet. I synnerhet spelar avbildande tecken en framträdande roll i dialogen och i det naturvetenskapliga meningsskapandet. Språkväxlingar i den teckenspråkiga dialogen sker dynamiskt i form av sömlösa och spontana växlingar men utnyttjas även som pedagogiskt verktyg. Teckenspråkets kontextbundenhet kräver dessutom ibland tvärspråkliga resonemang på metanivå där oklarheter såväl som likheter och skillnader mellan olika språkliga uttryck kan redas ut. Resultaten uppmärksammar också lärarnas viktiga roll för att stötta eleverna i det naturvetenskapliga meningsskapandet liksom för utvecklingen av ett naturvetenskapligt språk. I diskussionen lyfts behovet av pedagogiska strategier som stärker stöttningen av döva och hörselskadade elevers teckenspråkiga tvåspråkiga meningsskapande i naturvetenskap.
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| 35. |
- Lindahl, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Stavanger : Innerstaden - Utvecklingshistoria och Utvecklingsmöjligheter
- 1972
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Föreliggande arbete bör inte uppfattas som något slags generalplan eller dispositionsplan utan snarare som en presentation av ett synsätt, som konkretiserats på ett antal fritt valda områden. Framställningen har två tyngdpunkter. Stort intresse har ägnats det historiska perspektivet. Syftet har varit att besvara frågan: Varför ser Stavanger ut som det gör? Varför skiljer sig denna stad så mycket från jämförbara orter i Sverige? De svar som ges för över till bokens huvudtema, frågan hur den befintliga bebyggelsen skall användas i framtiden. Bakom ligger en grundsyn som uppfattar rivning och nybyggande som åtgärder i sista hand, underhåll, upprustning och ombyggnad som det normala, något som kan sträckas ut generation eftel" generation.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Lindahl, Mats, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Nasal lavage fluid and proteomics as means to identify the effects of the irritating epoxy chemical dimethylbenzylamine
- 2004
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Ingår i: Biomarkers. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1354-750X .- 1366-5804. ; 9:1, s. 56-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to describe the changes in the nasal lavage fluid (NLF) protein pattern after exposure to the irritating epoxy chemical dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA) and to identify the affected proteins using a proteomic approach. The protein patterns of NLF from six healthy subjects and eight epoxy workers with airway irritation were analysed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) before and after exposure to 100 μg m-3 DMBA for 2 h in an exposure chamber. NLF proteins were identified by (i) comparison with a 2-DE NLF reference database, (ii) N-terminal amino acid sequencing, and (iii) mass spectrometry. In NLF from healthy subjects, the levels of immunoglobulin A increased and the levels of Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) decreased after chamber exposure, while in NLF from epoxy workers, α2-macroglobulin and caeruloplasmin increased. Two previously unidentified proteins decreased in NLF from epoxy workers after exposure, these were identified as statherin and calgranulin B. In addition, the subjects who developed high counts of eosinophils in their nasal mucosa after chamber exposure had significantly lower levels of immunoglobulin-binding factor (IgBF) before exposure than subjects with low eosinophil infiltration. These results show that short-term exposure to DMBA causes distinct changes in NLF proteins. Moreover, three proteins that have previously not been associated with upper airway irritation were identified: statherin, calgranulin B and IgBF. Further studies are needed to investigate whether these proteins may be used as biomarkers of airway irritation and to give new insight into the ways in which occupational exposure to irritants causes inflammation of the airways.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Lindahl, Odd, et al.
(författare)
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Toxicity of Dinophysis spp. in relation to population density and environmental conditions on the Swedish west coast
- 2007
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Ingår i: Harmful Algae. - 1568-9883. ; 6:2, s. 218-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study in the field was to investigate whether there are differences between the outer archipelago (Gullmar Fjord) and a semi-enclosed fjord system (Koljo Fjord) in occurrences of D. acuta and D. acuminata as well as in their content of diarrheic shellfish toxin (DST) per cell. When all data pairs of cell toxicity of D. acuminata and the corresponding number of cells l(-1) from the two sites were tested in a regression analysis, a statistically significant negative correlation became evident and was apparent as a straight line on a log-log plot (p < 0.0001). Obviously, there was an overall inverse relationship between the population density of D. acuminata and the toxin content per cell. Plotted on a linear scale, all data-pairs of cell toxicity and cell number made up a parabolic curve. On this curve the data-pairs could be separated into three groups: (i) D. acuminata occurring in numbers of fewer than approximately 100 cells l(-1), and with a toxin content per cell above 5 rho g cell(-1); (ii) cell numbers between 100 and approximately 250 cells l(-1) with a cell toxin content from 5 to 2 rho g cell(-1); (iii) when the population became greater than 250 cells l(-1), the toxicity, with few exceptions, was less than 2 rho g cell(-1). By applying this subdivision, some clear patterns of the distribution of the differently toxic D. acuminata became evident. When comparing the cell toxicity of the two sites, it was obvious that the D. acuminata cells from all depths from the Gullmar Fjord as a mean were significantly more toxic compared to the Koljo Fjord samples. The results have demonstrated that approximately 100 high-toxicity cells in a low-density population at surface may lead to the same accumulation of DST in a mussel as the ingestion of 1500 low-toxicity cells from a high-density pycnocline population. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Milovanovic, Micha, et al.
(författare)
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Alzheimer and platelets : Low-density platelet populations reveal increased serotonin content in Alzheimer type dementia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Biochemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0009-9120 .- 1873-2933. ; 47:15, s. 51-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Alzheimers disease (AD) is a progressive form of dementia characterized by an increase in the toxic substance beta-amyloid in the brain. Platelets display a substantial heterogeneity with respect to density. They further contain a substantial amount of beta-amyloid precursor protein. Platelets take up and store serotonin (5-HT) that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of severe depression. The current study aims to investigate platelet serotonin content in different platelet density populations. Material and methods: The study involved 8 patients (age 70 +/- 8 (SD) years) (3 females/5 males) with moderate AD. 6 healthy elderly subjects (age 66 +/- 9 (SD) years) (3 females/3 males) served as controls. The platelet population was divided into 17 subpopulations according to density, using a linear Percoll (TM) gradient. Platelets were counted in all fractions. After cell lysis an ELISA technique was employed to determine the 5-HT content in each platelet subfraction. Results: The two study groups did not differ significantly regarding platelet distribution in the gradients, but AD sufferers have a significantly higher 5-HT content (p less than 0.05) in the lighter platelet populations. Discussion: AD-type dementia proved to be associated with lighter platelets containing more 5-HT. It is possible that platelets from AD patients release less 5-HT. It is speculated that AD synapses are affected in a manner comparable to platelets, which could explain why 5-HT reuptake inhibitors are less effective in AD dementia.
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| 43. |
- Modig, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Cancerframkallande ämnen i tätortsluft : Exponering och halter i Umeå 2001
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Exponeringen för ett antal cancerframkallande ämnen undersöktes i ett slumpmässigt urval av allmänbefolkningen i Umeå, 2001. Den huvudsakliga studien genomfördes från slutet av september till mitten av oktober som personburna 7-dygns mätningar på totalt 60 personer, medan några av mätningarna genomfördes i januari 2002. Parallellt med de personburna mätningarna genomfördes även mätningar vid två stationära platser i Umeå, bibliotekstaket och E4:an. Mätningarna omfattade bensen, 1,3-butadien, formaldehyd, acetaldehyd, PAH (polyaromatiska kolväten) samt kvävedioxid (NO2). Mätningarna genomfördes med passiva provtagare med undantag för PAH där provtagningen genomfördes med hjälp av en pump. Resultatet från de personburna provtagningarna av bensen gav medianvärdet 1,5 μg/m3, vilket kan jämföras med resultatet från fjolårets studie i Göteborg (1μg/m3) och den av Institutet för miljömedicin (IMM) föreslagna lågrisknivån 1,3μg/m3. Exponeringen för bensen var signifikant associerad till tiden som deltagarna vistats inomhus, utomhus på arbetsplatsen, i rum med rökning samt om de var rökare. Det var marginell skillnad mellan medianhalten uppmätt vid E4:an och den personburna halten (1,6 μg/m3 och 1,5 μg/m3) medan halten på bibliotekstaket låg lägre (1,0 μg/m3). Medianvärdet för butadien var 0,4 μg/m3, vilket är samma som halten uppmätt vid E4:an men högre jämfört med halten på bibliotekstaket (0,12 μg/m3). Det var signifikant skillnad mellan rökare och icke-rökare (p=0,007), och tid som tillbringats i rum med rökning var signifikant förknippat med ökad exponering för butadien. Mätningar genomfördes för både formaldehyd och acetaldehyd, dock redovisas enbart resultaten för formaldehyd på grund av problem med provtagningen av acetaldehyd. Bland mätningarna som genomfördes personburet var medianhalten formaldehyd 15 μg/m3 vilket kan jämföras med resultaten från samma studie i Göteborg förra året (19 μg/m3). Resultatet ligger inom det intervall som angivit som lågrisknivå (IMM, 12-60 μg/m3). Halterna som uppmättes vid E4:an och Biblioteket var nästintill lika (3,5 μg/m3 och 3,0 μg/m3), dock var de betydligt lägre jämfört med den halt som uppmättes personburet. Bostadstyp (villa alt lägenhet), framstod som den enda variabeln som var signifikant associerad till den personburna halten formaldehyd. PAH-mätningarna genomfördes stationärt hemma hos 10 deltagare ur befolkningsurvalet, samt personburet och stationärt på 10 personer i anknytning till forskargruppen. Mediankoncentrationen av bens(a)pyren, mätt personburet, var 0,08 ng/m3 vilket är i nivå med resultaten från Göteborg. Halterna hemma hos personerna från befolkningsurvalet samt de med anknytning till kliniken var 0,17 respektive 0,07 ng/m3. De stationära utomhusmätningarna visade att halten vid E4:an var betydligt högre jämfört med halten på Bibliotekstaket (0,3 respektive 0,1 ng/m3). Kvävedioxid (NO2) mättes som ett lokalt tillägg i syfte att undersöka samband mellan NO2, som trafikindikator, och övriga ämnen. Median halten för mätningarna som gjordes personburet var 8 μg/m3 medan resultaten från de stationära mätningarna var betydligt högre. NO2 uppvisade ingen signifikant korrelation till övriga ämnen mätta personburet. Vidare sågs inga samband till vistelse i specifika miljöer.
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| 44. |
- Modig, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Cancerframkallande ämnentätortsluft - Umeå 2001
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Exponeringen för ett antal cancerframkallande ämnen undersöktes i ett slumpmässigturval av allmänbefolkningen i Umeå, 2001. Den huvudsakliga studien genomfördesfrån slutet av september till mitten av oktober som personburna 7-dygns mätningar påtotalt 60 personer, medan några av mätningarna genomfördes i januari 2002. Parallelltmed de personburna mätningarna genomfördes även mätningar vid två stationäraplatser i Umeå, bibliotekstaket och E4:an. Mätningarna omfattade bensen, 1,3-butadien, formaldehyd, acetaldehyd, PAH (polyaromatiska kolväten) samtkvävedioxid (NO2). Mätningarna genomfördes med passiva provtagare med undantagför PAH där provtagningen genomfördes med hjälp av en pump.Resultatet från de personburna provtagningarna av bensen gav medianvärdet1,5 μg/m3, vilket kan jämföras med resultatet från fjolårets studie i Göteborg (1μg/m3)och den av Institutet för miljömedicin (IMM) föreslagna lågrisknivån 1,3μg/m3.Exponeringen för bensen var signifikant associerad till tiden som deltagarna vistatsinomhus, utomhus på arbetsplatsen, i rum med rökning samt om de var rökare. Detvar marginell skillnad mellan medianhalten uppmätt vid E4:an och den personburnahalten (1,6 μg/m3 och 1,5 μg/m3) medan halten på bibliotekstaket låg lägre (1,0μg/m3).Medianvärdet för butadien var 0,4 μg/m3, vilket är samma som halten uppmätt vidE4:an men högre jämfört med halten på bibliotekstaket (0,12 μg/m3). Det varsignifikant skillnad mellan rökare och icke-rökare (p=0,007), och tid som tillbringats irum med rökning var signifikant förknippat med ökad exponering för butadien.Mätningar genomfördes för både formaldehyd och acetaldehyd, dock redovisas enbartresultaten för formaldehyd på grund av problem med provtagningen av acetaldehyd.Bland mätningarna som genomfördes personburet var medianhalten formaldehyd15 μg/m3 vilket kan jämföras med resultaten från samma studie i Göteborg förra året(19 μg/m3). Resultatet ligger inom det intervall som angivit som lågrisknivå (IMM,12-60 μg/m3). Halterna som uppmättes vid E4:an och Biblioteket var nästintill lika(3,5 μg/m3 och 3,0 μg/m3), dock var de betydligt lägre jämfört med den halt somuppmättes personburet. Bostadstyp (villa alt lägenhet), framstod som den endavariabeln som var signifikant associerad till den personburna halten formaldehyd.PAH-mätningarna genomfördes stationärt hemma hos 10 deltagare urbefolkningsurvalet, samt personburet och stationärt på 10 personer i anknytning tillforskargruppen. Mediankoncentrationen av bens(a)pyren, mätt personburet, var 0,08ng/m3 vilket är i nivå med resultaten från Göteborg. Halterna hemma hos personernafrån befolkningsurvalet samt de med anknytning till kliniken var 0,17 respektive 0,07ng/m3. De stationära utomhusmätningarna visade att halten vid E4:an var betydligthögre jämfört med halten på Bibliotekstaket (0,3 respektive 0,1 ng/m3).Kvävedioxid (NO2) mättes som ett lokalt tillägg i syfte att undersöka samband mellanNO2, som trafikindikator, och övriga ämnen. Median halten för mätningarna somgjordes personburet var 8 μg/m3 medan resultaten från de stationära mätningarna varbetydligt högre. NO2 uppvisade ingen signifikant korrelation till övriga ämnen mättapersonburet. Vidare sågs inga samband till vistelse i specifika miljöer.
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| 45. |
- Molander, Bengt-Olov, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Ambiguity – A tool or obstacle for joint productive dialogue activity in deaf and hearing students’ reasoning about ecology
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Educational Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-0355 .- 1873-538X. ; 49:1, s. 33-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ambiguity of words and signs as a resource or obstacle in group discussions is studied.How deaf and hearing students aged 13–15 years elaborate on ecological concepts throughdialogue is described. Group interviews were conducted with 14 hearing and 18 deafstudents. Probes were used to initiate discussion about the different meanings ofecological concepts: producer, consumer, nutrients/nutriment, food-chain and cycles. Theresults show that the dialogues are less elaborated for deaf learners than for hearinglearners. It is argued that dialogues between hearing students have a greater chance ofbecoming ‘joint productive activity’, since words in Swedish pave the way for sharedmeaning-making. To deaf learners, differences in connotation between the Swedish wordsand the signs used lead to uncertainty and unproductive lines of reasoning. Oneimplication for instruction is that this bilingual communication needs to be taken intoconsideration to a much greater extent.
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| 46. |
- Molander, Bengt-Olov, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Ambiguity as a motor for communication – Differences between hearing and deaf students’ ways of reasoning about energy
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Educational Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-0355 .- 1873-538X. ; 46:6, s. 327-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ambiguity in group discussions as a resource for communication is studied. How students, aged 13–15 years, elaborateon the concept energy through dialogue is described. Group interviews were conducted with 15 hearing and 20 deafstudents. Three probes were used to initiate discussions on different meanings of energy. The results show that thedialogues are less elaborated for deaf learners compared with hearing learners. It is argued that dialogues between hearingstudents have a greater chance of becoming ‘joint productive activity’, since the ambiguity of the word energy in Swedishlays the ground for shared meaning-making. To deaf learners, the ambiguity between the Swedish word and the signs usedproduces uncertainty and puts an end to further dialogue.
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| 47. |
- Olsson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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DNA ploidy assessment of breast milk (colostrum) in primiparous women of different ages
- 1991
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Ingår i: Breast Disease. - 0888-6008. ; 4:3, s. 219-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies on breast cancer risk factors suggest that nursing may have a protective effect. The mechanism behind this is unknown. To investigate whether removal of tumorigenic epithelial cells in breast milk contributes to the reduced risk of developing breast cancer, DNA ploidy of cells in colostrum breast milk from 200 primiparous women was studied with flow cytometry. No woman displayed an abnormal DNA content of the shed epithelium in the milk. Although it cannot be excluded that tumor cells with a near-diploid DNA content are present, our results suggest that early shedding of a large clone of transformed aneuploid epithelium is not a common event and that the protective effect of nursing on breast cancer risk is due to other mechanisms, e.g., hormonal changes in the breast.
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| 48. |
- Persson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Robot assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy with short and long term morbidity data.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Gynecologic Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-6859 .- 0090-8258. ; 113, s. 185-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate feasibility and morbidity of robot assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy. METHODS: From December 2005 to September 2008 robot assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed on 80 women. Using a prospective protocol, and an active investigation policy for defined adverse events, perioperative, short and long term data were obtained. RESULTS: Time for surgery (skin to skin) reached 176 and 132 min after 9 and 34 procedures respectively. All tumours were radically removed. Median number of retrieved lymph nodes was 26 (range 15-55). All women had an early follow up (1-3 months) and 43 of eligible 46 women (93%) had a long term follow up (>/=12 months). In 33 of 80 women (41%) the peri/postoperative period was uneventful. The remainder had one or more mainly mild adverse events, most commonly from the vaginal cuff (n=17, 21%) or the lymphatic system (n=16, 20%). The proportion of uneventful cases increased significantly over time. Five women were resutured for dehiscence of the vaginal cuff, two women were reoperated for trocar site hernias and one woman had a ureter stricture that resolved following stent treatment. Eight women (14%) needed 60 days or more to resume spontaneous voiding. One 72-year old woman with disseminated endometrial cancer on autopsy died of pulmonary embolism 31 days after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Robot assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy is a feasible alternative to conventional laparoscopy and open surgery. Effort should be made to ensure proper closure of the vaginal cuff, trocar sites and to develop nerve sparing techniques.
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| 49. |
- Ray, Arjun
(författare)
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Quality assessment of protein models
- 2012
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Proteins are crucial for all living organisms and they are involved in many different processes. The function of a protein is tightly coupled to its structure, yet to determine the structure experimentally is both non-trivial and expensive. Computational methods that are able to predict the structure are often the only possibility to obtain structural information for a particular protein. Structure prediction has come a long way since its inception. More advanced algorithms, refined mathematics and statistical analysis and use of machine learning techniques have improved this field considerably. Making a large number of protein models is relatively fast. The process of identifying and separating correct from less correct models, from a large set of plausible models, is also known as model quality assessment. Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP) is an international experiment to assess the various methods for structure prediction of proteins. CASP has shown the improvements of these different methods in model quality assessment, structure prediction as well as better model building.In the two studies done in this thesis, I have improved the model quality assessment part of this structure prediction problem for globular proteins, as well as trained the first such method dedicated towards membrane proteins. The work has resulted in a much-improved version of our previous model quality assessment program ProQ, and in addition I have also developed the first model quality assessment program specifically tailored for membrane proteins.
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| 50. |
- Sayin, Volkan I., 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Zfp148 Deficiency Causes Lung Maturation Defects and Lethality in Newborn Mice That Are Rescued by Deletion of p53 or Antioxidant Treatment
- 2013
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transcription factor Zfp148 (Zbp-89, BFCOL, BERF1, htβ) interacts physically with the tumor suppressor p53 and is implicated in cell cycle control, but the physiological role of Zfp148 remains unknown. Here we show that Zfp148 deficiency leads to respiratory distress and lethality in newborn mice. Zfp148 deficiency prevented structural maturation of the prenatal lung without affecting type II cell differentiation or surfactant production. BrdU analyses revealed that Zfp148 deficiency caused proliferation arrest of pulmonary cells at E18.5–19.5. Similarly, Zfp148-deficient fibroblasts exhibited proliferative arrest that was dependent on p53, raising the possibility that cell stress is part of the underlying mechanism. Indeed, Zfp148 deficiency lowered the threshold for activation of p53 under oxidative conditions. Moreover, both in vivo and cellular phenotypes were rescued on Trp53+/− or Trp53−/− backgrounds and by antioxidant treatment. Thus, Zfp148 prevents respiratory distress and lethality in newborn mice by attenuating oxidative stress–dependent p53-activity during the saccular stage of lung development. Our results establish Zfp148 as a novel player in mammalian lung maturation and demonstrate that Zfp148 is critical for cell cycle progression in vivo.
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