| 1. |
- Lindberg, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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"Taken by surprise" : Women's experiences of the first eight weeks after a second degree perineal tear at childbirth
- 2020
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study explores women's experience of having a second degree perineal tear and related consequences to daily life during the first eight weeks after childbirth.METHOD: Written responses to open-ended questions in a questionnaire distributed about eight weeks postpartum and completed by 1,007 women with second degree perineal tears were excerpted from the national quality register, Perineal Laceration Register. Inductive qualitative content analysis was applied to the data.RESULT: The theme Taken by surprise illustrates women's experience of the first two months after having a second degree perineal tear at childbirth. Women were not prepared for the inconveniences and expressed concerns about their bodies. Further, they expressed distress about their physical and psychological recovery as well as how to return to a pre-childbirth condition.CONCLUSIONS: Although many women recovered fairly well the first months after a second degree perineal tear at childbirth, it was evident that a substantial number of women were unprepared for the pain and discomfort they experienced. It is apparent that also women with the "minor" perineal tears at childbirth need improved postpartum care with tailored analgesia and improved information, but also check-ups and reassurance of recovery from healthcare professionals. Health care professionals need to identify women with persisting problems so that they can be referred to inpatient care for additional assessments of the injury.
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| 2. |
- Lindberg, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Taken by surprise
- 2020
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study explores womens experience of having a second degree perineal tear and related consequences to daily life during the first eight weeks after childbirth. Method: Written responses to open-ended questions in a questionnaire distributed about eight weeks postpartum and completed by 1,007 women with second degree perineal tears were excerpted from the national quality register, Perineal Laceration Register. Inductive qualitative content analysis was applied to the data. Result: The theme Taken by surprise illustrates womens experience of the first two months after having a second degree perineal tear at childbirth. Women were not prepared for the inconveniences and expressed concerns about their bodies. Further, they expressed distress about their physical and psychological recovery as well as how to return to a pre-childbirth condition. Conclusions: Although many women recovered fairly well the first months after a second degree perineal tear at childbirth, it was evident that a substantial number of women were unprepared for the pain and discomfort they experienced. It is apparent that also women with the "minor" perineal tears at childbirth need improved postpartum care with tailored analgesia and improved information, but also check-ups and reassurance of recovery from healthcare professionals. Health care professionals need to identify women with persisting problems so that they can be referred to inpatient care for additional assessments of the injury. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Lindqvist, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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'A worse nightmare than expected' - a Swedish qualitative study of women's experiences two months after obstetric anal sphincter muscle injury
- 2018
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - London, United Kingdom : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 61, s. 22-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: this study explores women's experiences of the first two months after obstetric anal sphincter injury ( OASIS) during childbirth with a focus on problematic recovery. Methods: this qualitative study used inductive qualitative content analysis to investigate open-ended responses from 1248 women. The data consists of short and comprehensive written responses to open-ended questions focusing on recovery in the national quality register, the Perineal Laceration Register, two months after OASIS at childbirth. Results: the theme 'A worse nightmare than expected' illustrated women's experiences of their life situation. Pain was a constant reminder of the trauma, and the women had to face physical and psychological limitations as well as crushed expectations of family life. Furthermore, navigating healthcare services for help added further stress to an already stressful situation. Conclusions: we found that women with problematic recovery two months after OASIS experienced their situation as a worse nightmare than expected. Extensive pain resulted in physical and psychological limitations, and crushed expectations of family life. Improved patient information for women with OASIS regarding pain, psychological and personal aspects, sexual function, and subsequent pregnancy delivery is needed. Also, there is a need for clear organizational structures and information to guide help-seeking women to needed care.
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| 4. |
- Lindqvist, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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“Struggling to settle with a damaged body” : a Swedish qualitative study of women’s experiences one year after obstetric anal sphincter muscle injury (OASIS) at childbirth
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 19, s. 36-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore women’s experiences related to recovery from obstetric anal sphincter muscle injuries (OASIS) one year after childbirth.MethodThis is a qualitative study based on written responses from 625 women approximately one year after childbirth in which OASIS occurred. Data was obtained from a questionnaire distributed by the national Perineal Laceration Register (PLR) in Sweden. Inductive qualitative content analysis was applied for analysis.ResultsThe theme “Struggling to settle with a damaged body “indicated that the first year after OASIS involved a struggle to settle to and accept living with a changed and sometimes still-wounded body. Many participants described problems related to a non-functional sexual life, physical and psychological problems that left them feeling used and broken, and increased worries for their future health and pregnancies. However, some women had adjusted to their situation, had moved on with their lives, and felt recovered and strong. Encountering a supportive and helpful health care professional was emphasized as vital for recovery after OASIS.ConclusionThis study provides important insights on how women experience their recovery approximately one year after having had OASIS at childbirth, wherein many women still struggled to settle into their damaged bodies. Clear pathways are needed within health care organizations to appropriate health care services that address both physical and psychological health problems of women with prolonged recovery after OASIS.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Minnesord: Thomas Brante 1947–2016
- 2016
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges Sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 53:4, s. 437-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity and fatigue in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : A population based study
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IntroductionDyspnea with exertion and fatigue are the cardinal symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); impaired muscle function and reduced exercise capacity are also frequently associated with COPD. We aimed to assess the physical activity levels, in a population based sample study, of subjects with and without COPD. We also aimed to investigate the factors associated with low physical activity in these groups.MethodsIn this study, 470 subjects with COPD (FEV1/FVC< 0.70) and 569 subjects without COPD (Non-COPD) were analyzed. Physical activity was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Fatigue was investigated with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Fatigue scale (FACIT-F). An interview questionnaire was used to record the sample characteristics and history of heart disease. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated with low physical activity.ResultsLow physical activity was significantly more prevalent in GOLD grade ≥II COPD subjects, and this prevalence was higher than that for Non-COPD subjects (22.4 vs. 14.6%, p = 0.016). The strongest factors associated with low physical activity in COPD subjects were a history of heart disease, OR (CI 95%) 2.11 (1.10 - 4.08), and clinically significant fatigue, OR 2.33 (1.31 - 4.13); obesity was the only significant factor in Non-COPD subjects, OR 2.26 (1.17 – 4.35).ConclusionPhysical activity levels are reduced for COPD grade II and higher, and the factors associated with lower levels of physical activity are different for the COPD group compared to the Non-COPD group. We propose that measurements of fatigue and a history of heart disease are useful tools to include when screening subjects for pulmonary rehabilitation.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity and fatigue in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - A population based study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 109:8, s. 1048-1057
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), symptoms of fatigue, concomitant heart disease and low physical activity levels are more frequently described than in subjects without COPD. However, there are no population-based studies addressing the relationship between physical activity, fatigue and heart disease in COPD. The aim was to compare physical activity levels among subjects with and without COPD in a population based study, and to evaluate if concomitant heart disease and fatigue was associated to physical activity. Methods: In this, 470 subjects with COPD and 659 subjects without COPD (non-COPD) participated in examinations including structured interview and spirometry. A ratio of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/best of forced vital capacity (FVC) and vital capacity (VC) <0.7 was used to define COPD. Physical activity was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and fatigue with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Fatigue scale (FACIT-F). Results: The prevalence of low physical activity was higher among subjects with FEV1 <80% predicted compared to non-COPD subjects (22.4% vs. 14.6%, p = 0.041). The factors most strongly associated with low physical activity in subjects with COPD were older age, OR 1.52, (95% CI 1.12-2.06), a history of heart disease, OR 2.11 (1.10-4.08), and clinically significant fatigue, OR 2.33 (1.31-4.13); while obesity was the only significant factor among non-COPD subjects, OR 2.26 (1.17-4.35). Conclusion: Physical activity levels are reduced when lung function is decreased below 80% of predicted, and the factors associated with low physical activity are different among subject with and without COPD. We propose that the presence of fatigue and heart disease are useful to evaluate when identifying subjects for pulmonary rehabilitation.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Stig J, et al.
(författare)
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General practitioners' conceptions about treatment of depression and factors that may influence their practice in this area. A postal survey
- 2005
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Ingår i: BMC Family Practice. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2296. ; 6:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The way GPs work does not appear to be adapted to the needs of depressive patients. Therefore we wanted to examine Swedish GPs' conceptions of depressive disorders and their treatment and GPs' ideas of factors that may influence their manner of work with depressive patients. METHODS: A postal questionnaire to a stratified sample of 617 Swedish GPs. RESULTS: Most respondents assumed antidepressive drugs effective and did not assume that psychotherapy can replace drugs in depression treatment though many of them looked at psychotherapy as an essential complement. Nearly all respondents thought that clinical experiences had great importance in decision situations, but patients' own preferences and official clinical guidelines were also regarded as essential. As influences on their work, almost all surveyed GPs regarded experiences from general practice very important, and a majority also emphasised experiences from private life. Courses arranged by pharmaceutical companies were seen as essential sources of knowledge. A majority thought that psychiatrists did not provide sufficient help, while most respondents perceived they were well backed up by colleagues. CONCLUSION: GPs tend to emphasize experiences, both from clinical work and private life, and overlook influences of collegial dealings and ongoing CME as well as the effects of the pharmaceutical companies' marketing activities. Many GPs appear to need more evidence based knowledge about depressive disorders. Interventions to improve depression management have to be supporting and interactive, and should be combined with organisational reforms to improve co-operation with psychiatrists.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Arkblad, Eva L, et al.
(författare)
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Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification improves diagnostics in spinal muscular atrophy
- 2006
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Ingår i: Neuromuscular disorders : NMD. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8966 .- 1873-2364. ; 16:12, s. 830-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by decreased levels of survival motor neuron protein (SMN). In the majority of cases, this decrease is due to absence of the SMN1 gene. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) is a modern quantitative molecular method. Applied in SMA cases, it improves diagnostics by simultaneously identifying the number of copies of several target sequences in the SMN1 gene and in nearby genes. Using MLPA in clinical diagnostics, we have identified a previously unreported, partial deletion of SMN1 (exons 1-6) in two apparently unrelated Swedish families. This mutation would not have been detected by conventional diagnostic methods. This paper illustrates the broad clinical and genetic spectrum of SMA and includes reports of MLPA results and clinical descriptions of a patient with homozygous absence of SMN1 and only one SMN2 (prenatal onset SMA type 1), an asymptomatic woman with five SMN2 (lacking SMN1) and representative patients with SMA types 1, 2 and 3.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Asp, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Samvetsstress och dåliga villkor bakom sjuksköterskeflykten
- 2017
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ge sjuksköterskor utrymme att göra kvalificerade bedömningar av patientens omvårdnadsbehov och låt dem också få gehör för de omvårdnadsinterventioner de föreslår. Det skulle inte bara bidra till att minska samvetsstress och arbetsrelaterad ohälsa hos sjuksköterskor utan också bidra till att de stannar i yrket, skriver sex forskare i vårdvetenskap.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
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| 17. |
- Backman, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Infiltration of NK and plasma cells is associated with a distinct immune subset in non‐small cell lung cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Pathology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-3417 .- 1096-9896. ; 255:3, s. 243-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immune cells of the tumor microenvironment are central but erratic targets for immunotherapy. The aim of this study was to characterize novel patterns of immune cell infiltration in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in relation to its molecular and clinicopathologic characteristics. Lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, FOXP3+, CD45RO+), macrophages (CD163+), plasma cells (CD138+), NK cells (NKp46+), PD1+, and PD-L1+ were annotated on a tissue microarray including 357 NSCLC cases. Somatic mutations were analyzed by targeted sequencing for 82 genes and a tumor mutational load score was estimated. Transcriptomic immune patterns were established in 197 patients based on RNA sequencing data. The immune cell infiltration was variable and showed only poor association with specific mutations. The previously defined immune phenotypic patterns, desert, inflamed, and immune excluded, comprised 30, 13, and 57% of cases, respectively. Notably, mRNA immune activation and high estimated tumor mutational load were unique only for the inflamed pattern. However, in the unsupervised cluster analysis, including all immune cell markers, these conceptual patterns were only weakly reproduced. Instead, four immune classes were identified: (1) high immune cell infiltration, (2) high immune cell infiltration with abundance of CD20+ B cells, (3) low immune cell infiltration, and (4) a phenotype with an imprint of plasma cells and NK cells. This latter class was linked to better survival despite exhibiting low expression of immune response-related genes (e.g. CXCL9, GZMB, INFG, CTLA4). This compartment-specific immune cell analysis in the context of the molecular and clinical background of NSCLC reveals two previously unrecognized immune classes. A refined immune classification, including traits of the humoral and innate immune response, is important to define the immunogenic potency of NSCLC in the era of immunotherapy. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Bergstrand, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Blood flow measurements at different depths using photoplethysmography and laser Doppler techniques
- 2009
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Ingår i: Skin research and technology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0909-752X .- 1600-0846. ; 15:2, s. 139-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/purpose: This study has evaluated a multi-parametric system combining laser Doppler flowmetry and photoplethysmography in a single probe for the simultaneous measurement of blood flow at different depths in the tissue. This system will be used to facilitate the understanding of pressure ulcer formation and in the evaluation of pressure ulcer mattresses.Methods: The blood flow in the tissue over the sacrum was measured before, during and after loading with 37.5 mmHg, respectively, 50.0 mmHg. The evaluation of the system consisted of one clinical part, and the other part focusing on the technicalities of the probe prototype.Results: An increase in blood flow while loading was the most common response, but when the blood flow decreased during loading it was most affected at the skin surface and the blood flow responses may be different due to depths of measurement. Reactive hyperaemia may occur more frequently in the superficial layers of the tissue.Conclusion: The study showed that the new system is satisfactory for measuring tissue blood flow at different depths. The laser Doppler complements the photoplethysmography, and further development of the system into a thin flexible probe with the ability to measure a larger area is required.
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| 20. |
- Bergstrand, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Existence of Tissue Blood Flow in Response to External Pressure in the Sacral Region of Elderly Individuals - Using an Optical Probe Prototype
- 2010
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Ingår i: MICROCIRCULATION. - : Taylor and Francis. - 1073-9688 .- 1549-8719. ; 17:4, s. 311-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pandgt;Objective: The aim was to investigate the existence of sacral tissue blood flow at different depths in response to external pressure and compression in elderly individuals using a newly developed optical probe prototype. Methods: The tissue blood flow and tissue thickness in the sacral area were measured during load in 17 individuals using laser Doppler flowmetry and photoplethysmography in a combined probe, and digital ultrasound. Results: The mean age was 68.6 +/- 7.0 years. While loading, the mean compression was 60.3 +/- 11.9%. The number of participants with existing blood flow while loading increased with increased measurement depth. None had enclosed blood flow deep in the tissue and at the same time an existing more superficial blood flow. Correlation between tissue thickness and BMI in unloaded and loaded sacral tissue was shown: r = 0.68 (P = 0.003) and r = 0.68 (P = 0.003). Conclusions: Sacral tissue is highly compressed by external load. There seems to be a difference in responses to load in the different tissue layers, as occluded blood flow in deeper tissue layers do not occur unless the blood flow in the superficial tissue layers is occluded.
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| 21. |
- Bergstrand, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Pressure-induced vasodilation and reactive hyperemia at different depths in sacral tissue under clinically relevant conditions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Microcirculation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1073-9688 .- 1549-8719. ; 21:8, s. 761-771
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To characterize pressure-induced vasodilatation and reactive hyperemia at different sacral tissue depths in different populations under clinically relevant pressure exposure.METHODS: Forty-two subjects (< 65 years), 38 subjects (≥ 65 years), and 35 patients (≥ 65 years) participated. Interface pressure, skin temperature, and blood flow at tissue depths of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 10 mm (using laser Doppler flowmetry and photoplethysmography) were measured in the sacral tissue before, during, and after load in a supine position.RESULTS: pressure-induced vasodilatation and reactive hyperemia were observed at three tissue depths. At 10 mm depth, the proportion of subjects with a lack of pressure-induced vasodilatation was higher compared to superficial depths. The patients had higher interface pressure during load than the healthy individuals, but there were no significant differences in blood flow. Twenty-nine subjects in all three study groups were identified with a lack of pressure-induced vasodilatation and reactive hyperemia.CONCLUSIONS: pressure-induced vasodilatation and reactive hyperemia can be measured at different tissue depths. A lack of these responses was found in healthy individuals as well as in patients indicating an innate susceptibility in some individuals, and are potential important factors to evaluate in order to better understand the etiology of pressure ulcers.
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| 22. |
- Bergstrand, Sara, 1978-
(författare)
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Preventing pressure ulcers by assessment of the microcirculation in tissue exposed to pressure
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to combine optical methods into a system with the ability to simultaneously measure blood flow changes at different tissue depths. The goal of such a system was to reveal vascular mechanisms relevant to pressure ulcer etiology under clinically relevant conditions and in relation to the evaluation of pressure-redistribution support surfaces.This thesis consists of four quantitative, cross-sectional studies measuring blood flow responses before, during, and after pressure exposure of the sacral tissue. Two optical methods – photoplethysmography and laser Doppler flowmetry – were combined in a newly developed system that has the ability to discriminate blood flows at different tissue depths. Studies I and II explored blood flow responses at different depths in 17 individuals. In Study I the blood flow was related to tissue thickness and tissue compression during pressure exposure of ≥ 220 mmHg. In Study II, the sacral tissue was loaded with 37.5 mmHg and 50.0 mmHg, and the variation in blood flow was measured. Studies III and IV included 42 healthy individuals < 65 years, 38 healthy individuals ≥ 65 years, and 35 patients ≥ 65 years. Study III included between-subject comparisons of blood flow and pressure between individuals in the three study groups lying in supine positions on a standard hospital mattress. Study IV added within-subject comparisons while the individual was lying on four different types of mattress. The studies explored the vascular phenomena pressure-induced vasodilation (PIV) and reactive hyperemia (RH).The most common blood flow response to tissue exposure in this thesis was PIV, although a decrease in blood flow (a lack of PIV) was observed in some individuals. The patients tended to have higher interface pressure during pressure exposure than the healthy groups but no differences in blood flow responses were seen. Our results showed that pressure levels that are normally considered to be harmless could have a significant effect on the microcirculation in different tissue structures. Differences in individual blood flow responses in terms of PIV and RH were seen, and a larger proportion of individuals lacked these responses in the deeper tissue structures compared to more superficial tissue structures.This thesis identified PIV and RH that are important vascular mechanisms for pressure ulcer development and revealed for the first time that PIV and RH are present at different depths under clinically relevant conditions. The thesis also identified a population of individuals not previously identified who lack both PIV and RH and seem to be particularly vulnerable to pressure exposure. Further, this thesis has added a new perspective to the microcirculation in pressure ulcer etiology in terms of blood flow regulation and endothelial function that are anchored in clinically relevant studies. Finally, the evaluation of pressureredistribution support surfaces in terms of mean blood flow during and after tissue exposure was shown to be unfeasible, but the assessment of PIV and RH could provide a new possibility for measuring individual physiological responses that are known to be related to pressure ulcer development.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Broqvist, Mari, et al.
(författare)
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Ethical considerations and priority in occupational therapy
- 2015. - 2
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Ingår i: International handbook of occupational therapy interventions. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319081410 - 9783319081403 - 9783319330822 ; , s. 83-93
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Working as an occupational therapist (OT) places great demands on professional knowledge, including the OT’s ethical awareness and the ability to weigh different norms and values against one another. National guidelines for priority setting are one set of norms; ethical professional codes compose another. In Sweden, OTs have not only a National Model for Transparent Prioritisation, valid for all areas of health care, but also a specific Code of Ethics to support their professional decision making through reflection and analysis.
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| 27. |
- Carlfjord, Siw, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of Working with the Tobacco Issue in the Context of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services: A Qualitative Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 8:2, s. 498-513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The worldwide Health Promoting Hospital and Health Services (HPH) network was initiated by the World Health Organizations in the late 1980s. The goal of the network is to change the focus of health services from curing patients to also embrace disease prevention and health promotion. In Sweden the network started in 1996, and involves mainly hospitals and primary care. The network members collaborate in task forces, one of which is working on the tobacco issue. There is limited evidence on the value of working within an HPH organization. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of members of the Swedish HPH network tobacco task force. Focus group interviews with task force members were analyzed using implementation theory. Three themes, overall experiences of working with tobacco issues, experiences of working with. free from tobacco in connection with surgery., and experiences of work in the HPH tobacco task force, emerged from the interviews. The results show that working with the tobacco issue in the context of health-promoting hospitals and health services met with difficulties involving the following important factors: evidence, context, facilitation and adopter characteristics. Leadership, one contextual factor, at national and local level, seems to be crucial if the work is going to succeed. The tobacco task force of the HPH network is an important facilitator supporting the task.
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| 28. |
- Dijken, Jan W.V. van, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Samarbete breddar forskning : Oral Biomaterialgruppen, Umeå
- 2008
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidningen. - : Sveriges Tandläkarförbund. ; 100:5, s. 74-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Vid institutionen för odontologi vid Umeå Universitet finns en lång tradition av biomaterialforskning. För drygt två år sedan samlades större delen av den forskningen i ett vetenskapligt nätverk. Här beskrivs ett axplock av det breda forskningsarbetet.
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| 29. |
- Ekberg, Margareta Stigsdotter, 1955-
(författare)
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Dom kallar oss värstingar : Om ungas lärande i mötet med skola, socialtjänst och polis
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is of primary concern, both from the perspective of the individual and of society at large, to take measures to prevent the occurrence of a negative development amongst young people. The starting point of this dissertation is the notion that interpersonal interactions that occur between people contribute to a process of learning, thus focus is placed upon the pedagogic interactions between society's authorities and young people in trouble. How such interactions contribute to the process of learning regarding the young people, and what that learning entails, is seen as a vital pedagogic question. The overriding aim of the dissertation is to identify aspects of learning that occur during the interactions between society's authorities and young people in trouble, in order to contribute to an understanding of how such interactions can be developed in a constructive manner.The thesis is based on the theories of man as a social being, dependent on relationships and interaction for the process of knowledge. The empirical study includes interviews with teachers, social workers, police officers and young people. Vignettes have formed the basis of discussions about the measures and initiatives taken by society and the types of experience the young people feel the measures and initiatives have led to. Since an element of authority is a component of the relationship between the representatives of society and the young people, the concept of governmentality formulated by Foucault has been used in the process of analysis. Also von Wright's concepts of punctual and relational perspective have been used in this process. The purpose of this study is to attempt to determine what consequences the various perspectives taken in the interactions may lead to, in relation to the knowledge these young people develop about themselves and about society.The result shows that society's representatives among themselves have different views of young people in trouble. Young people's experiences of interactions with society's representatives argue for the fact that their backgrounds often direct the course of the interaction and its contents. Young people testify about irrelevant measures and initiatives taken by society; that they are subject to prejudice and that the principle of "equality before the law" is not observed. Their experience has led them to feel that they have less of human dignity. The dissertation ends up in a discussion about the prerequisites necessary, in order that pedagogic interactions between a person in authority and young people in difficulties may proceed from a relational perspective. The ability to take the young person's perspective would thereby be a central aspect in the discussion about what measures and initiatives taken by society are appropriate to change a troubled lifestyle.
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| 30. |
- Emtner, Margareta I., et al.
(författare)
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Walking distance is a predictor of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- 2007
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 101:5, s. 1037-1040
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are responsible for a high utilisation of the health care resources, and the cost is expected to increase. Physiological measures of lung function often fail to describe the impact the symptoms have on exacerbations, days of hospitalisation, and on a patient's health. Methods: Twenty-one patients (14 female) with COPD (65 years, 40-79 years) admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine in Uppsala, performed a pulmonary function test (FEV1% predicted=37) and health status measurement (St. Georges Respiratory Questionnaire, SGRQ) at discharge. Four to six weeks after discharge, when they were in a stable clinical condition, they performed an exercise test (Incremental Shuttle Walk Test, ISWT) to measure their exercise capacity. Results: Nine of 21 patients (43%) were rehospitalised within 12 month. The mean distance walked in the ISWT was 174 m in patients who were hospitalised and 358 m in non-hospitalised patients (P<0.001). Oxygen saturation ≤88% after the ISWT was found in 73% of hospitalised patients in contrast to only 22% in non-hospitalised patients (P<0.05). Activity related health status (SGRQ-activity) was higher (worse) in hospitalised patients than in non-hospitalised patients (75 vs. 50) (P<0.05). The association between walking distance and the risk of rehospitalisation was significant after adjusting for oxygen saturation and health status (hazard risk ratio 0.8 (0.67-0.97) per 10 m). This study has shown that walking distance is a good and reliable predictor of rehospitalisations in moderately and severely disabled patients with COPD.
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| 31. |
- Eriksson, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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The meaning of occupation for patients in palliative care when in hospital
- 2016
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Ingår i: Palliative & Supportive Care. - : Oxford University Press. - 1478-9515 .- 1478-9523. ; 14:5, s. 541-552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe how patients in palliative care relate to occupation during hospitalization and to define the meaning it has for them. Eight inpatients in palliative care with various cancer diagnoses were interviewed one time. These interviews were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Patients experience occupations as meaningful when in hospital during the last period of their lives. They would like to be able to handle their own needs as much as possible. Staff behavior, the design of the environment, the lack of accessible occupations, and the degree to which patients can decide whether to receive or decline visits affect the possibility to make their wishes a reality. Our results also revealed that patients experience a sense of loss of their role, as well as a lack of control and participation. Our results confirm the importance of occupation and of patients having the option to and being given opportunities to take care of themselves when in palliative care. Further studies are needed to enable us to understand how organized occupations might influence patients' experience of being in a hospital during the final period of life.
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| 32. |
- Fellman, Vineta, et al.
(författare)
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One-year survival of extremely preterm infants after active perinatal care in Sweden.
- 2009
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Ingår i: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3598 .- 0098-7484. ; 301:21, s. 2225-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Up-to-date information on infant survival after extremely preterm birth is needed for assessing perinatal care services, clinical guidelines, and parental counseling.
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| 33. |
- Fischl, Caroline, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Kontinuitet i uppgifter inom år 3 arbetsterapeutprogrammet
- 2015
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Ingår i: Universitetspedagogiska konferensen 2015. - Umeå : Universitetspedagogik och lärandestöd (UPL), Umeå universitet. ; , s. 66-66
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 34. |
- Fischl, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
-
Kontinuitet i uppgifter inom år 3 arbetsterapeutprogrammet
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Universitetspedagogiska konferensen 2015. ; , s. 66-66
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med vår poster är att illustrera kontinuitet i examinationsuppgifterna och progression i lärandet under kurserna i år 3 arbetsterapeutprogrammet.Under höstterminen 2014 till och med vårterminen 2015 genomfördes för första gången kurser i det tredje och sista året inom det reviderade arbetsterapeutprogrammet. Dessa kurser handlar om praktiska tillämpningar av kunskaper om projektledning och förändringsarbete, vetenskaplig metod samt arbetsterapeutiska teorier och modeller inom traditionella och nya arenor. Studenterna förväntas utveckla ett reflekterande förhållningssätt och arbetsterapeutisk professionalitet i samverkan med andra samt beredskap att uppfylla olika roller i arbetslivet.Kontinuitet uppnås när studenten under den första kursen skriver en plan för examensarbete (kurs 2) och/eller förändringsarbete (kurs 4). Studenten kan också välja att skriva en plan för verksamhetsutveckling (kurs 3) och implementera planen i den sista kursen. Under examensarbete får studenten välja kvantitativ eller kvalitativ metod, eller litteraturstudie efter intresseområde och koppla arbetet mot innovationskursen. Att kunna arbeta vidare med en idé genom uppgifterna i olika kurser kan göra studenten mer engagerad i sitt lärande. Studenten genomgår också en process genom att utveckla och testa idéer under ett antal iterationer.Progression i lärandet sker även vid upprepning av pedagogiska metoder. Till exempel, har lärandekontraktet under verksamhetsförlagd utbildning (kurs 3) fokus på identifiering och formulering av lärandemål, medan under innovationskursen (kurs 4) har uppgiften fokus på identifiering av handlingar och stöd som behövs för att uppnå lärandemålen.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Goldmann, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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PD-L1 amplification is associated with an immune cell rich phenotype in squamous cell cancer of the lung
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy. - : Springer Nature. - 0340-7004 .- 1432-0851. ; 70:9, s. 2577-2587
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gene amplification is considered to be one responsible cause for upregulation of Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to represent a specific molecular subgroup possibly associated with immunotherapy response. Our aim was to analyze the frequency of PD-L1 amplification, its relation to PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression, and to characterize the immune microenvironment of amplified cases. The study was based on two independent NSCLC cohorts, including 354 and 349 cases, respectively. Tissue microarrays were used to evaluate PD-L1 amplification by FISH and PD-L1 protein by immunohistochemistry. Immune infiltrates were characterized immunohistochemically by a panel of immune markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, PD-1, Foxp3, CD20, CD138, CD168, CD45RO, NKp46). Mutational status was determined by targeted sequencing. RNAseq data was available for 197 patients. PD-L1 amplification was detected in 4.5% of all evaluable cases. PD-L1 amplification correlated only weakly with mRNA and protein expression. About 37% of amplified cases were negative for PD-L1 protein. PD-L1 amplification did not show any association with the mutational status. In squamous cell cancer, PD-L1 amplified cases were enriched among patients with high tumoral immune cell infiltration and showed gene expression profiles related to immune exhaustion. In conclusion, PD-L1 amplification correlates with PD-L1 expression in squamous cell cancer and was associated with an immune cell rich tumor phenotype. The correlative findings help to understand the role of PD-L1 amplification as an important immune escape mechanism in NSCLC and suggest the need to further evaluate PD-L1 amplification as predictive biomarker for checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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| 37. |
- Hagblad, Jimmie, et al.
(författare)
-
A technique based on laser Doppler flowmetry and photoplethysmography for simultaneously monitoring blood flow at different tissue depths
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. - : Springer Science Business Media. - 0140-0118 .- 1741-0444. ; 48:5, s. 415-422
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to validate a non-invasive optical probe for simultaneous blood flow measurement at different vascular depths combining three photoplethysmography (PPG) channels and laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF). Wavelengths of the PPG were near-infrared 810 nm with source-to-detector separation of 10 and 25 mm, and green 560 nm with source-to-detector separation of 4 mm. The probe is intended for clinical studies of pressure ulcer aetiology. The probe was placed over the trapezius muscle, and depths from the skin to the trapezius muscle were measured using ultrasound and varied between 3.8 and 23 mm in the 11 subjects included. A provocation procedure inducing a local enhancement of blood flow in the trapezius muscle was used. Blood flows at rest and post-exercise were compared. It can be concluded that this probe is useful as a tool for discriminating between blood flows at different vascular tissue depths. The vascular depths reached for the different channels in this study were at least 23 mm for the near-infrared PPG channel (source-to-detector separation 25 mm), 10-15 mm for the near-infrared PPG channel (separation 10 mm), and shallower than 4 mm for both the green PPG channel (separation 4 mm) and LDF.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Hammarén, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Modified exercise test in screening for mitochondrial myopathies--adjustment of workload in relation to muscle strength.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: European neurology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0014-3022 .- 1421-9913. ; 51:1, s. 38-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a modification of the bicycle ergometer test, the subanaerobic threshold exercise test (SATET), as a screening test for patients with mitochondrial myopathies. Since the original SATET is frequently found to be strenuous for weak patients, a new variable (relative muscle strength) was added to the workload formula. Plasma lactate levels were recorded at rest, then after 5 and 15 min of cycling on an ergometer, with constant workload. Nine patients with mitochondrial myopathy, 10 patients with other neuromuscular diseases and 9 healthy but sedentary volunteers undertook the test. An upper reference limit after exercise for plasma lactate was settled at 2.9 mmol/l. The modified SATET showed a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity compared to the healthy subjects of 100%. Compared to patients with other neuromuscular diseases, the specificity was lower (60%). All subjects completed the test without severe fatigue or pain.
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| 41. |
- Hariz, Gun-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of ability/disability in patients treated with chronic thalamic stimulation for tremor.
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Movement Disorders. - : Wiley. - 0885-3185 .- 1531-8257. ; 13:1, s. 78-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic thalamic stimulation (CTS) has a documented good effect on tremor in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). This study evaluates whether the alleviation of impairment, i.e., tremor, translates into improvement of the patient's ability in performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Thirteen patients were assessed with an occupational therapy tool called Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). This observation-based scale rates the patient's motor and process skills needed to perform a given task. The evaluations were done at a mean of 13 months after surgery in the patient's home, and included assessments of IADL with the CTS activated and switched off, respectively. The results showed that most patients improved to variable degrees in their IADL ability when the thalamic stimulation was on. The improvement was more marked in patients operated on for tremor of their dominant hand. The improvement concerned mainly the skill items related to the patients' abilities of coordination, calibration, endurance, and accommodation during IADL task performance. The authors concluded that for some patients with tremor, CTS can improve independence in domestic activities of daily living.
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| 42. |
- Hariz, Gun-Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Does the ADL part of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale measure ADL? An evaluation in patients after pallidotomy and thalamic deep brain stimulation.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Movement Disorders. - : Wiley. - 0885-3185 .- 1531-8257. ; 18:4, s. 373-381
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the impact of pallidotomy and thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) on disability of patients with advanced Parkinson's disease and investigated whether the activities of daily living (ADL) section of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) measures disability in everyday life. Nineteen patients who had pallidotomy and 14 patients who had thalamic DBS were followed for a mean of 11 months. Evaluation tools included the UPDRS as well as a generic ADL scale, called ADL taxonomy. The 13 items belonging to the ADL part of the UPDRS were classified into two categories according to whether the items described a disability or impairment. The total scores of the UPDRS Part II (ADL) were ameliorated in both the pallidotomy and the thalamic DBS groups. When analysing separately the scores from the two categories of the ADL part of the UPDRS, i.e., disability and impairment, only patients who underwent pallidotomy showed improvement in disability-related items. These findings were confirmed when evaluating the patients with the ADL taxonomy. The ADL part of the UPDRS contains a mixture of impairment- and disability-related items. This mixture may confound results when evaluating the impact of surgery on ADL.
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| 43. |
- Hariz, Gun-Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Gender differences in disability and health-related quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease treated with stereotactic surgery
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 108:1, s. 28-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate eventual differences between women and men with Parkinson's disease (PD) before and after surgery, with respect to clinical status, disability and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four men and 14 women with PD received a total of 46 surgical procedures (pallidotomy, thalamotomy and deep brain stimulation of the thalamus, pallidum or subthalamic nucleus). The impact of PD on disability and other aspects of HRQoL was analysed separately in men and women before and at a mean of 11 months after surgery, using the following assessment tools: The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the ADL Taxonomy, the Nottingham Health Profile, the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire and a Visual Analogue Scale. RESULTS: At surgery, women had a significantly longer duration of disease than men (mean: 15 vs. 10 years, P < 0.01). They had a higher stage on the Hoehn and Yahr scale and worse scores on UPDRS parts II (ADL) and IV (complications), as well as on the Schwab and England scale and on the ADL Taxonomy. Following surgery, both men and women showed improvement, but women experienced greater benefit than men in ADL, in emotions, and in social life. CONCLUSIONS: Perhaps women with PD should be offered surgery more often and earlier in the course of their disease.
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| 44. |
- Hariz, Gun-Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of thalamic deep brain stimulation on disability and health-related quality of life in patients with essential tremor
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 72:1, s. 47-52
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) on disability and health-related quality of life in patients with essential tremor.METHODS: Twenty seven consecutive patients were evaluated prospectively, before surgery and at a mean of 12 months (range 6-26) after thalamic DBS. Assessment tools included the Fahn-Tolosa-Marìn tremor rating scale (TRS), activities of daily living (ADL) taxonomy, Nottingham health profile (NHP) and the visual analogue scale (VAS) for measuring impact of disease on life. Additional information on the side effects of, and expectations from surgery was obtained by interview.RESULTS: Thalamic DBS improved the ability of the patients in eating, drinking, writing, home maintenance, hobbies, and participation in society. Activities of daily life requiring bimanual skills were less improved. The emotional condition of the patients was positively affected and the negative impact of the disease on life as a whole, and on social life was decreased. Seventy per cent of the patients considered that the surgical treatment met their expectations.CONCLUSIONS: After thalamic DBS, health-related quality of life including disability in ADL and social life were improved in patients with essential tremor.
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| 45. |
- Hedhammar, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Energy-intake and activity risk factors for owner-perceived obesity in a defined population of Swedish dogs
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5877 .- 1873-1716. ; 96, s. 132-141
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our main objective was to obtain baseline data on daily metabolisable energy (ME) intake, activity, and risk factors for obesity in a population of 460 privately owned Swedish dogs in 1999. A previously validated mail-and-telephone questionnaire was used (Sallander et al., 2001a). The dogs were of 124 breeds, 1-3 years old, and had body weights (BW) between 1 and 75 kg. The ME intakes of this population could be described with the equation ME(intake) (kilojoules, kJ/d) = 554BW(0.66) (r(sp) = 0.73, P=0.0001). The energy intake originating from commercial foods was 79% (median, range 45-97). Table foods generally had a higher fat content (median 13 g/megajoule, MJ, range 1-122) than commercial foods (median 8 g/MJ, range 2-18; P = 0.0001). The median energy density was 1603 kJ/100 g (median; range 1106-2105).Almost all (97%) dogs were taken for walks, and there was a significant difference between the duration of the walks during weekdays and weekends (medians 60 and 90 min/d, respectively, P = 0.006). Sixty percent of all dogs were trained in activities such as obedience (31%), hunting (27%) or tracking (18%) for a median of 35 min/d (range 1-146).The final regression model for obesity included the factors sex, appetite and feeding a home-made diet/table foods. Dogs that were perceived to have good or very good appetite had 3.42-fold greater odds for obesity than individuals with bad or very bad appetite (95% CI 1.19-9.80; P = 0.022). Females had 2.17-fold greater odds of being obese than males did (95% CI 1.30-3.70; P = 0.003). Also, dogs fed table foods or home-made diets had 2.06-fold greater odds of obesity than those that were not given these food items (95% CI 0.97-4.35; P = 0.050). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 46. |
- Hedhammar, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Feeding patterns and dietary intake in a random sample of a Swedish population of insured-dogs
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5877 .- 1873-1716. ; 95, s. 281-287
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We used a validated mail and telephone questionnaire to investigate baseline data on feeding patterns and dietary intake in a random sample of 460 Swedish dogs. In 1999, purebred individuals 1-3 years old in the largest insurance database of Sweden completed the study.Most dogs were fed restricted amounts twice a day, and the feeding patterns seldom were changed after the age of 6 months. Typically, the main constituent of the meals was dry food [representing 69% of dry matter (DM)]. Four out of five dogs also got foods that (in descending order of the amount of energy provided) consisted of vegetable oil, meat, sour milk, bread, potatoes, pasta, lard/tallow, sausage, cheese, rice and fish.The heavier the dog (kg), the more dry dog food was consumed (g DM/d). The dry-food intakes (g DM/d) increased linearly with body weight (BW, in kg): intake = -15.3 + 8.33 BW (P = 0.0001; r = 0.998), a clear relationship that was not observed for other commercial foods.The non-commercial part of the diet had higher fat (13 and 8 g/megajoule, MJ, respectively; P = 0.00001) and lower protein (12 and 16 g/MJ, respectively; P = 0.00001) compared to the commercial part of the diet. Six out of ten dogs were given treats, and one-fourth was given vitamin/mineral supplements (most commonly daily).Most dogs consumed diets that were nutritionally balanced. No dogs in the study consumed diets that supplied lower amounts of protein than recommended by the NRC (2006). Only two individuals (<1%) were given total diets that were lower than the nutrient profiles in fat. Few dogs consumed total diets that were lower than recommended by the NRC (2006) in calcium, phosphorus, and vitamins A, D and E (2, 1, 3, 5, and 3% of the individuals, respectively). A few individuals consumed higher levels of vitamins A and D (<1 and 4%, respectively) than recommended.Diets that deviated from recommended levels were those consisting of only table foods with no supplements (too-low in vitamins and minerals) or commercial foods + no table foods supplied with extra vitamin and mineral supplements (too-high in vitamins and minerals). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Holmegaard, Margareta, 1942, et al.
(författare)
-
Diagnostiskt test av skolrelaterat ordförråd
- 2008
-
Ingår i: ASLA, 2008.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- I denna presentation fokuserar vi ordförrådet i läromedel med särskild tyngdpunkt på adjektiv. Är sådana adjektiv som förekommer frekvent i läroböcker svåra att förstå för elever i grundskolan? För vilka elever vållar orden problem? Är det någon skillnad mellan enspråkiga och flerspråkiga elever i detta avseende? För att undersöka dessa och andra liknande frågor har vi utifrån läromedelskorpusen OrdiL, som tidigare sammanställts av projektgruppen (Holmegaard, Johansson Kokkinakis, Järborg & Lindberg 2006, 2007) konstruerat ett diagnostiskt test med inriktning på adjektiv i läromedel för grundskolans senare år.
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| 49. |
- Holmegaard, Margareta, 1942, et al.
(författare)
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Projektet Ord i Läroböcker (OrdiL)
- 2005
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Ingår i: Språket och Kunskapen - att lära sig på sitt andraspråk. - 1403-1353.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 50. |
- Igelström, Helena, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Improvement in obstructive sleep apnea after a tailored behavioural sleep medicine intervention targeting healthy eating and physical activity : a randomised controlled trial
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Sleep and Breathing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1520-9512 .- 1522-1709. ; 22:3, s. 653-661
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the present single-centre randomised controlled trial was to assess the effect of a behavioural sleep medicine (BSM) intervention on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity in patients who have been referred for new treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).METHODS: After baseline assessment including ventilatory and anthropometric parameters, and physical activity monitoring, 86 patients who were overweight (BMI ≥ 25) and had moderate-severe OSA with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15 were randomised into a control group (CG; CPAP and advice about weight loss) or an experimental group (ExpG; CPAP and BSM intervention targeting physical activity and eating behaviour). The BSM intervention comprised 10 individual sessions with a dietician and a physiotherapist and included behaviour change techniques such as goal setting and self-monitoring. After 6 months, a new recording of ventilatory parameters was performed without CPAP.RESULTS: In ExpG, 40% (n = 14) had improved from severe to moderate or mild OSA or from moderate to mild OSA compared to 16.7% in CG (n = 6, p = 0.02). Further, a lower AHI and amount body fat at baseline were correlated with improvement in severity class. Being in ExpG implied a mean improvement in AHI by 9.7 and an odds ratio of 4.5 for improving in severity classification.CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the clinical importance of lifestyle modifications in conjunction with CPAP treatment in patients with OSA.
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