| 1. |
- Semb, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
-
A Scandcleft randomised trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: 1. Planning and management.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2000-656X .- 2000-6764. ; 51:1, s. 2-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Longstanding uncertainty surrounds the selection of surgical protocols for the closure of unilateral cleft lip and palate, and randomised trials have only rarely been performed. This paper is an introduction to three randomised trials of primary surgery for children born with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). It presents the protocol developed for the trials in CONSORT format, and describes the management structure that was developed to achieve the long-term engagement and commitment required to complete the project.METHOD: Ten established national or regional cleft centres participated. Lip and soft palate closure at 3-4 months, and hard palate closure at 12 months served as a common method in each trial. Trial 1 compared this with hard palate closure at 36 months. Trial 2 compared it with lip closure at 3-4 months and hard and soft palate closure at 12 months. Trial 3 compared it with lip and hard palate closure at 3-4 months and soft palate closure at 12 months. The primary outcomes were speech and dentofacial development, with a series of perioperative and longer-term secondary outcomes.RESULTS: Recruitment of 448 infants took place over a 9-year period, with 99.8% subsequent retention at 5 years.CONCLUSION: The series of reports that follow this introductory paper include comparisons at age 5 of surgical outcomes, speech outcomes, measures of dentofacial development and appearance, and parental satisfaction. The outcomes recorded and the numbers analysed for each outcome and time point are described in the series.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN29932826.
|
|
| 2. |
- Angdal, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Trends in Service Sourcing Practices
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Business Market Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1864-0753 .- 1864-0761. ; 1:3, s. 187-207
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 3. |
- Diaz-Morales, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
-
Catalytic effects of molybdate and chromate–molybdate films deposited on platinum for efficient hydrogen evolution
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986). - : Wiley. - 0268-2575 .- 1097-4660. ; 98:5, s. 1269-1278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Sodium chlorate (NaClO3) is extensively used in the paper industry, but its production uses strictly regulated highly toxic Na2Cr2O7 to reach high hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) Faradaic efficiencies. It is therefore important to find alternatives either to replace Na2Cr2O7 or reduce its concentration.RESULTS: The Na2Cr2O7 concentration can be significantly reduced by using Na2MoO4 as an electrolyte co-additive. Na2MoO4 in the millimolar range shifts the platinum cathode potential to less negative values due to an activating effect of cathodically deposited Mo species. It also acts as a stabilizer of the electrodeposited chromium hydroxide but has a minor effect on the HER Faradaic efficiency. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show cathodic deposition of molybdenum of different oxidation states, depending on deposition conditions. Once Na2Cr2O7 was present, molybdenum was not detected by XPS, as it is likely that only trace levels were deposited. Using electrochemical measurements and mass spectrometry we quantitatively monitored H2 and O2 production rates. The results indicate that 3 μmol L−1 Na2Cr2O7 (contrary to current industrial 10–30 mmol L−1) is sufficient to enhance the HER Faradaic efficiency on platinum by 15%, and by co-adding 10 mmol L−1 Na2MoO4 the cathode is activated while avoiding detrimental O2 generation from chemical and electrochemical reactions. Higher concentrations of Na2MoO4 led to increased oxygen production.CONCLUSION: Careful tuning of the molybdate concentration can enhance performance of the chlorate process using chromate in the micromolar range. These insights could be also exploited in the efficient hydrogen generation by photocatalytic water splitting and in the remediation of industrial wastewater.
|
|
| 4. |
- Field, James, et al.
(författare)
-
Embedding environmental sustainability within oral health professional curricula-Recommendations for teaching and assessment of learning outcomes.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: European journal of dental education. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1396-5883 .- 1600-0579. ; 27:3, s. 650-661
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The FDI World Dental Federation suggests that "dentistry, as a profession, should integrate Sustainable Development Goals into daily practice and support a shift to a green economy in the pursuit of healthy lives and wellbeing for all, through all stages of life." This article reports on the recent activity of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Special Interest Group for Sustainability in Dentistry. Following on from the group's previous activities, which explored current educational practice, this work aimed to reach a pan-European consensus on a number of learning outcomes for environmental sustainability, in order to (i) support institutions in designing and delivering their curriculum, and (ii) to further harmonise the delivery of oral health professional education across Europe. This article presents specific learning outcomes relating to environmental sustainability and recommendations relating to curriculum development, including methods of teaching and assessment.
|
|
| 5. |
- Furusten, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
-
Breaking Laws - Making Deals : Procurement of management consultants in the public sector
- 2005. - 1st Edition
-
Ingår i: Dealing with Confidence: The Construction of Need and Trust in Management Advisory Services. - Frederiksberg : Copenhagen Business School Press. - 9788763099660 - 8763099667 - 9788763099660 - 8763099667 ; , s. 169-183
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the previous chapter, we saw that an important characteristic of large corporations in the purchasing top management consultancies was that they tend to base their purchasing decisions on the reputation of the consultancy and earlier personal experience of the consultancy. As shown in Furusten (2003), reputation and previous assignments are also seen as important by management consultants in how they look upon their relations to potential buyers of their services. Working close to potential buyers, and assisting them in their definitions of problems and need for services are seen by many consultants as crucial strategies, not only to do business, but also to be able to deliver professional services. Against this background, it is very interesting to focus on public organizations' purchasing of management consulting services since these organizations have to play by strict government rules when purchasing everything, management consulting services included.
|
|
| 6. |
- Gullberg, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
A single coxsackievirus B2 capsid residue controls cytolysis and apoptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma cells.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Virology. - 0022-538X .- 1098-5514. ; 84:12, s. 5868-5879
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coxsackievirus B2 (CVB2), one of six human pathogens of the group B coxsackieviruses within the enterovirus genus of Picornaviridae, causes a wide spectrum of human diseases ranging from mild upper respiratory illnesses to myocarditis and meningitis. The CVB2 prototype strain Ohio-1 (CVB2O) was originally isolated from a patient with summer grippe in the 1950s. Later on, CVB2O was adapted to cytolytic replication in rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells. Here, we present analyses of the correlation between the adaptive mutations of this RD variant and the cytolytic infection in RD cells. Using reverse genetics, we identified a single amino acid change within the exposed region of the VP1 protein (glutamine to lysine at position 164) as the determinant for the acquired cytolytic trait. Moreover, this cytolytic virus induced apoptosis, including caspase activation and DNA degradation, in RD cells. These findings contribute to our understanding of the host cell adaptation process of CVB2O and provide a valuable tool for further studies of virus-host interactions.
|
|
| 7. |
- Gullberg, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of a putative ancestor of coxsackievirus B5.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Virology. - 0022-538X .- 1098-5514. ; 84, s. 9695-9708
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Like other RNA viruses, coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) exists as circulating heterogeneous populations of genetic variants. In this study, we present the reconstruction and characterization of a probable ancestral virion of CVB5. Phylogenetic analyses based on capsid protein encoding regions (the VP1 gene of 41 clinical isolates and the entire P1 region of eight clinical isolates) of CVB5 revealed two major co-circulating lineages. Ancestral capsid sequences were inferred from sequences of these contemporary CVB5 isolates using maximum likelihood methods. By using Bayesian phylodynamic analysis, the inferred VP1 ancestral sequence was dated back to 1854 (1807-1898). In order to study the properties of the putative ancestral capsid, the entire ancestral P1 sequence was synthesized de novo and inserted into the replicative backbone of an infectious CVB5 cDNA clone. Characterization of the recombinant virus in cell culture showed that fully functional infectious virus particles were assembled and that these viruses displayed properties similar to those of modern isolates, in terms of receptor preferences, plaque phenotype, growth characteristics and cell tropism. This is the first report describing resurrection and characterization of a picornavirus with a putative ancestral capsid. Our approach, including phylogenetics-based reconstruction of viral predecessors, could serve as a starting point for experimental studies of viral evolution and might also provide an alternative strategy in the development of vaccines.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Gummesson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
The Use Of Meta-Ethnography To Guide Implementation Strategies
- 2022
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundFor implementation of new assessment strategies, an evidence-informed approach is desired. Thus, the assessment method should be supported by current evidence, and similarly the implementation process could be informed through research. Implementation research can be done using various approaches and research methods. However, it seems that interview studies are an important source of information. To utilize previous qualitative information, one may simply read the papers to be informed by each individual study. However, another approach may be to search the literature systematically and analyse the qualitative information as a data source. Several ways of conducting literature reviews are available, but it seems that the analysis of qualitative studies is less common. In this presentation we would like to present how meta-ethnography can be used as a method to develop knowledge on the implementation of e-portfolio.Summary of workMeta-ethnography is a systematic literature review through seven steps described by Noblit and Hare (1988), and further elaborated on by Britten et al (2002) and France et al (2019), in brief consisting of a systematic review, a stepwise qualitative analysis and synthesis. Four different databases were used for our literature search.Summary of resultsThrough the seven steps, we analyzed the data both from “first order information” (published quotations) and “second order information” (researchers’ interpretation, analysis, and discussion) to reach a “third order interpretation” (our synthesis). We will present the steps and our findings, using our search on implementation of e-portfolio in dental education as a model. Our analysis and synthesis yielded two main themes and five sub-themes with aspects important to consider when implementing e-portfolio.Discussion, Conclusion & Take-Home MessageWe found meta-ethnography to broaden our knowledgebase beyond each separate study and believe it could add to the understanding of other aspects of assessment as well, in areas where primary studies are using qualitative methods.ReferencesNoblit, G.W., et al., Meta-Ethnography: Synthesizing Qualitative Studies. 1988: SAGE Publications.Britten, N., et al., Using meta ethnography to synthesise qualitative research: a worked example. J Health Serv Res Policy, 2002. 7(4): p. 209-15.France, E.F., et al., Improving reporting of meta-ethnography: the eMERGe reporting guidance. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2019. 19(1): p. 25.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hellström, Nina, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Unique gene expression patterns indicate microglial contribution to neural stem cell recovery following irradiation.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Molecular and cellular neurosciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-9327 .- 1044-7431. ; 46:4, s. 710-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ionizing radiation results in damage to neural stem cells and reduced neurogenesis. The aim of the present study was to determine intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence neural stem cell survival following irradiation, using qPCR. Gene expression of hippocampal and SVZ neurospheres were analyzed following irradiation, and results demonstrated that irradiated hippocampal and SVZ stem cells displayed similar gene expression profiles for intrinsic genes. Irradiated microglia (extrinsic factor) isolated from the SVZ exhibited increased gene expression of growth factors involved in stem cell maintenance, proliferation, and survival. However, microglial genes in the irradiated hippocampus responded less favorably with respect to stem cell recovery. This might explain the superior recovery of SVZ compared to hippocampal stem cells following in vivo irradiation. In addition, our results show that a combination of growth factors, which were upregulated in SVZ microglia, increased the proliferation and decreased cell death of irradiated neurospheres in vitro.
|
|
| 11. |
- Israelsson, Stina, et al.
(författare)
-
Cytolytic replication of echoviruses in colon cancer cell lines
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Virology Journal. - 1743-422X. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, killing nearly 50% of patients afflicted. Though progress is being made within surgery and other complementary treatments, there is still need for new and more effective treatments. Oncolytic virotherapy, meaning that a cancer is cured by viral infection, is a promising field for finding new and improved treatments. We have investigated the oncolytic potential of several low-pathogenic echoviruses with rare clinical occurrence. Echoviruses are members of the enterovirus genus within the family Picornaviridae.METHODS: Six colon cancer cell lines (CaCo-2, HT29, LoVo, SW480, SW620 and T84) were infected by the human enterovirus B species echovirus 12, 15, 17, 26 and 29, and cytopathic effects as well as viral replication efficacy were investigated. Infectivity was also tested in spheroids grown from HT29 cells.RESULTS: Echovirus 12, 17, 26 and 29 replicated efficiently in almost all cell lines and were considered highly cytolytic. The infectivity of these four viruses was further evaluated in artificial tumors (spheroids), where it was found that echovirus 12, 17 and 26 easily infected the spheroids.CONCLUSIONS: We have found that echovirus 12, 17 and 26 have potential as oncolytic agents against colon cancer, by comparing the cytolytic capacity of five low-pathogenic echoviruses in six colon cancer cell lines and in artificial tumors.
|
|
| 12. |
- Israelsson, Stina, et al.
(författare)
-
Improved replication efficiency of echovirus 5 after transfection of colon cancer cells using an authentic 5' RNA genome end methodology
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Investigational new drugs. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6997 .- 1573-0646. ; 32:6, s. 1063-1070
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising novel form of cancer treatment, but the therapeutic efficiency needs improvement. A potential strategy to enhance the therapeutic effect of oncolytic viruses is to use infectious nucleic acid as therapeutic agent to initiate an oncolytic infection, without administrating infectious viral particles. Here we demonstrate improved viral replication activation efficiency when transfecting cells with 5’ end authentic in vitro transcribed enterovirus RNA as compared to genomic RNA with additional non-genomic 5’ nucleotides generated by conventional cloning methods. We used echovirus 5 (E5) as an oncolytoc model virus due to its ability to replicate in and completely destroy five out of six colon cancer cell lines and kill artificial colon cancer tumors (HT29 spheroids), as shown here. An E5 infectious cDNA clone including a hammerhead ribozyme sequence was used to generate in vitro transcripts with native 5’ genome ends. In HT29 cells, activation of virus replication is approximately 20-fold more efficient for virus genome transcripts with native 5’ genome ends compared to E5 transcripts generated from a standard cDNA clone. This replication advantage remains when viral progeny release starts by cellular lysis 22 h post transfection. Hence, a native 5’ genomic end improves infection activation efficacy of infectious nucleic acid, potentially enhancing its therapeutic effect when used for cancer treatment. The clone design with a hammerhead ribozyme is likely to be applicable to a variety of oncolytic positive sense RNA viruses for the purpose of improving the efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Israelsson, Stina, et al.
(författare)
-
Studies of Echovirus 5 interactions with the cell surface: Heparan sulfate mediates attachment to the host cell.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Virus Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-1702 .- 1872-7492. ; 151:2, s. 170-176
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Infections caused by Echovirus 5 (E5), an enterovirus of the Picornaviridae family, have been associated with fever, rashes and sporadic cases of aseptic meningitis. To elucidate the receptor usage of this virus, the significance of a previously proposed integrin binding arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif found in the VP3 capsid protein was investigated, as well as the capacity of E5 to interact with heparan sulfate on the cell surface. Using the prototype strain E5 Noyce (E5N), an E5N mutant where the aspartic acid of the RGD motif has been substituted to a glutamic acid and clinical E5 isolates, the RGD motif of VP3 was found to be non-essential and hence not involved in integrin receptor binding. However, E5N and clinical E5 isolates interact with heparan sulfate at the cell surface, as demonstrated by virus replication inhibition assays using heparin and heparinase III, and studies of E5 interactions at the cell surface measured by real-time PCR analysis. In conclusion, E5 utilizes heparan sulfate as a cellular receptor, but the RGD motif of VP3 is not essential for E5 infectivity.
|
|
| 15. |
- Jonsson, Nina, et al.
(författare)
-
A rapid and efficient method for studies of virus interaction at the host cell surface using enteroviruses and real-time PCR
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Virology Journal. - 1743-422X. ; 6:Article ID: 217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Measuring virus attachment to host cells is of great importance when trying to identify novel receptors. The presence of a usable receptor is a major determinant of viral host range and cell tropism. Furthermore, identification of appropriate receptors is central for the understanding of viral pathogenesis and gives possibilities to develop antiviral drugs. Attachment is presently measured using radiolabeled and subsequently gradient purified viruses. Traditional methods are expensive and time-consuming and not all viruses are stable during a purification procedure; hence there is room for improvement. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) has become the standard method to detect and quantify virus infections, including enteroviruses, in clinical samples. For instance, primers directed to the highly conserved 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of the enterovirus genome enable detection of a wide spectrum of enteroviruses. Here, we evaluate the capacity of the RT-PCR technology to study enterovirus host cell interactions at the cell surface and compare this novel implementation with an established assay using radiolabeled viruses. Results: Both purified and crude viral extracts of CVB5 generated comparable results in attachment studies when analyzed with RT-PCR. In addition, receptor binding studies regarding viruses with coxsackie- nd adenovirus receptor (CAR) and/or decay accelerating factor (DAF) affinity, further demonstrated the possibility to use RT-PCR to measure virus attachment to host cells. Furthermore, the RT-PCR technology and crude viral extracts was used to study attachment with low multiplicity of infection (0.05 x 10(-4)TCID(50)/cell) and low cell numbers (250), which implies the range of potential implementations of the presented technique. Conclusion: We have implemented the well-established RT-PCR technique to measure viral attachment to host cells with high accuracy and reproducibility, at low cost and with less effort than traditional methods. Furthermore, replacing traditional methods with RT-PCR offers the opportunity to use crude virus containing extracts to investigate attachment, which could be considered as a step towards viral attachment studies in a more natural state.
|
|
| 16. |
- Jonsson, Nina, et al.
(författare)
-
Aichi virus infection in elderly people in Sweden.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Archives of Virology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0304-8608 .- 1432-8798. ; 157:7, s. 1365-1369
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aichi virus (AiV), genus Kobuvirus, family Picornaviridae, is associated with gastroenteritis in humans. Previous studies have shown high seroprevalence but low incidence (0.9-4.1%) in clinical samples. We report here the first detection of AiV in Sweden. Two hundred twenty-one specimens from hospitalized patients with diarrhea, who were negative for other enteric viruses, were included in the study. AiV were detected in three specimens, all from elderly patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three Swedish isolates belonged to genotype A and were genetically closest to European and Asian strains of AiV.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Jonsson, Nina, et al.
(författare)
-
Efficient replication of recombinant Enterovirus B types, carrying different P1 genes in the coxsackievirus B5 replicative backbone
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Virus genes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0920-8569 .- 1572-994X. ; 50:3, s. 351-357
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recombination is an important feature in theevolution of the Enterovirus genus. Phylogenetic studies ofenteroviruses have revealed that the capsid genomic region(P1) is type specific, while the parts of the genome codingfor the non-structural proteins (P2–P3) are species specific.Hence, the genome may be regarded as consisting of twomodules that evolve independently. In this study, it wasinvestigated whether the non-structural coding part of thegenome in one type could support replication of a virus witha P1 region from another type of the same species. A cas-sette vector (pCas) containing a full-length cDNA copy ofcoxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) was used as a replicative back-bone. The P1 region of pCas was replaced with the corre-sponding part from coxsackievirus B3Nancy(CVB3N),coxsackievirus B6Schmitt(CVB6S), and echovirus 7Wal-lace(E7W), all members of theEnterovirus Bspecies. Thereplication efficiency after transfection with clone-derivedin vitro transcribed RNA was studied and compared withthat of pCas. All the recombinant viruses replicated with similar efficiencies and showed threshold cycle (Ct) values,tissue culture infectivity dose 50 %, and plaque-forming unittiters comparable to viruses generated from the pCas con-struct. In addition to this, a clone without the P1 region wasalso constructed, and Western Blot and immunofluorescencestaining analysis showed that the viral genome could betranslated and replicated despite the lack of the structuralprotein-coding region. To conclude, the replicative back-bone of the CVB5 cassette vector supports replication ofintraspecies constructs with P1 regions derived from othermembers of theEnterovirus Bspecies. In addition to this,the replicative backbone can be both translated and repli-cated without the presence of a P1 region.
|
|
| 19. |
- Jonsson, Nina, et al.
(författare)
-
Real-time polymerase chain reaction as a rapid and efficient alternative to estimation of picornavirus titers by tissue culture infectious dose 50% or plaque forming units
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Microbiology and immunology. - : Wiley. - 0385-5600 .- 1348-0421. ; 53:3, s. 149-154
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantification of viral infectious units is traditionally measured by methods based on forming plaques in semisolid media (PFU) or endpoint dilution of a virus-containing solution (TCID(50)), methods that are laborious, time-consuming and take on average 3-7 days to carry out. Quantitative real-time PCR is an established method to quantify nucleic acids at high accuracy and reproducibility, routinely used for virus detection and identification. In the present study, a procedure was developed using a two-step real-time PCR and the SYBR Green detection method to study whether there are correlations between TCID(50)/ml, PFU/ml and Ct values generated by real-time PCR enabling rapid and efficient calculation of titer equivalents when working with viruses in the research laboratory. In addition, an external standard with known concentrations was included using in vitro transcribed viral RNA, thus allowing the calculation of the amount of RNA copies needed for various applications (i.e. per plaque or TCID(50)).The results show that there is a correlation between the three quantification methods covering a wide range of concentration of viruses. Furthermore, a general regression line between TCID(50) and Ct values was obtained for all viruses included in the study, which enabled recording titer equivalents using real-time PCR. Finally, by including an external standard, the amount of RNA genomes generating one TCID(50) or PFU for each enterovirus serotype included was determined.
|
|
| 20. |
- Leitao, Charles Dahlsson, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
-
Display of a naïve affibody library on staphylococci for selection of binders by means of flow cytometry sorting
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 655, s. 75-81
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the field of combinatorial protein engineering there is a great demand for robust high-throughput selection platforms that allow for unbiased protein library display, affinity-based screening, and amplification of selected clones. We have previously described the development of a staphylococcal display system used for displaying both alternative-scaffolds and antibody-derived pro-teins. In this study, the objective was to generate an improved expression vector for displaying and screening a high-complexity naive affibody library, and to facilitate downstream validation of isolated clones. A high-affinity normalization tag, consisting of two ABD-moieties, was introduced to simplify off-rate screening procedures. In addition, the vector was furnished with a TEV protease substrate recog-nition sequence upstream of the protein library which enables proteolytic processing of the displayed construct for improved binding signal. In the library design, 13 of the 58 surface-exposed amino acid positions were selected for full randomization (except proline and cysteine) using trinucleotide tech-nology. The genetic library was successfully transformed to Staphylococcus carnosus cells, generating a protein library exceeding 109 members. De novo selections against three target proteins (CD14, MAPK9 and the affibody ZEGFR:2377) were successfully performed using magnetic bead-based capture followed by flow-cytometric sorting, yielding affibody molecules binding their respective target with nanomolar affinity. Taken together, the results demonstrate the feasibility of the staphylococcal display system and the proposed selection procedure to generate new affibody molecules with high affinity.
|
|
| 21. |
- Lindberg Bromley, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
UN peacekeeping presence and local food security outcomes
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Conflict Management and Peace Science. - 0738-8942 .- 1549-9219.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A now extensive literature examines effects of international peacekeeping on conflict-affected countries’ war-to-peace transitions. Still, we know little about how impactful peacekeeping is in stemming a wider set of hardships affecting host communities, such as hunger. Addressing this gap, we theorize and empirically examine the relationship between local UN peacekeeping deployment and food security in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mali, and Liberia. The results suggest an overall positive but substantively modest association between peacekeeping presence and more food secure communities—proxied by stunting rates in children—and point to context-specific variation. We conclude by discussing implications for future research.
|
|
| 22. |
- Lindberg, Nina, et al.
(författare)
-
Mothers' experiences of feeding babies born with cleft lip and palate
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 28:1, s. 66-73
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cleft lip and palate (CLP) in newborns have implications for feeding. It might impede the child's attempts to seal around the nipple and to create intraoral pressure. Parents needed support and information about feeding after birth. Mothers' own experiences and how they coped with the challenges related to feeding have not been extensively studied. The aims of this study were twofold: to describe the experiences of feeding for mothers of children born with CLP and to elucidate how the mothers cope with the challenges related to feeding. A qualitative descriptive method and phenomenographic analysis were used to analyse the narratives. Twelve mothers of babies with CLP were strategically selected and interviewed. A semi-structured interview guide was used. Ethical approval for the study was granted by the local ethical committee. The findings resulted in two main categories and five subcategories. The first main category, Being a capable and good mother, included descriptions associated with the mothers' strong desire to do what was best for the child and about how they experienced feeding. The second main category, Coping with the challenges related to feeding, included descriptions of what the mothers perceived as important in order to cope with the challenges related to feeding; of how personal resources were used; of the significance of the father and close family; and of how healthcare professionals contributed. In conclusion, mothers of children born with CLP were in need of individual information by healthcare professionals with expertise, at the time of the diagnosis and until the feeding was manageable. Furthermore, the mothers' personal resources, the fathers and immediate family were of major importance for the mothers to cope with challenges related to feeding.
|
|
| 23. |
- Lundegren, Nina, et al.
(författare)
-
An upgrade of the Malmö model by implementing case-based teaching and learning, in an undergraduate dental curriculum.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European journal of dental education. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1396-5883 .- 1600-0579. ; 25:4, s. 649-656
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: At our dental education, the examination failure rate among students has increased, resulting in subsequent involuntary dropouts. One of the main problems seems to be that the students struggle with taking the necessary responsibility for their learning, as required by the problem-based learning (PBL) methodology.AIM: To describe the background to, and the transition process from, pure PBL to case-based teaching and learning (CBT) with flipped classroom seminars at the dental program at [anonymised for peer review].METHODS: In this position paper we describe our observed problems with the PBL methodology, as implemented at this faculty, and the potential benefits of a change towards CBT. The current implementation of CBT is presented, along with educational research supporting the choice of activities.RESULTS: Tentative findings are that the flipped classroom seminars and the clearer instructions appear to be successful with higher levels of activity, engagement and attendance among the students, and the students has evaluated the seminars as very good learning activities.CONCLUSION: Tentative findings suggest that the current implementation of CBT may be a fruitful way of teaching in dental education today. Most of the teaching staff have been reawakened to teaching, and as a result, the content of the courses are being reviewed and improved. The students appreciate that what is expected of them has been made clearer and that there is a variety of learning activities.
|
|
| 24. |
- Lundegren, Nina, et al.
(författare)
-
An upgrade of the Malmö model by implementing case-based teaching and learning, in an undergraduate dental education
- 2020
-
Ingår i: European journal of dental education. - 1396-5883 .- 1600-0579. ; , s. 1-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: At our dental education, the examination failure rate amongst students has increased, resulting in subsequent involuntary dropouts. One of the main problems seems to be that the students struggle with taking the necessary responsibility for their learning, as required by the problem‐based learning (PBL) methodology.Aim: To describe the background to, and the transition process from, pure PBL to case‐based teaching and learning (CBT) with flipped classroom seminars at the dental programme at [anonymised for peer review].Methods: In this position paper, we describe our observed problems with the PBL methodology, as implemented at this faculty, and the potential benefits of a change towards CBT. The current implementation of CBT is presented, along with educational research supporting the choice of activities.Results: Tentative findings are that the flipped classroom seminars and the clearer instructions appear to be successful with higher levels of activity, engagement and attendance amongst the students, and the students have evaluated the seminars as very good learning activities.Conclusion: Tentative findings suggest that the current implementation of CBT may be a fruitful way of teaching in dental education today. Most of the teaching staff have been reawakened to teaching, and as a result, the content of the courses are being reviewed and improved. The students appreciate that what is expected of them has been made clearer and that there is a variety of learning activities.
|
|
| 25. |
- Lundegren, Nina, et al.
(författare)
-
Experiences of the use of portfolio in dental education - A qualitative meta-ethnographic literature review
- 2024
-
Ingår i: European journal of dental education. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1396-5883 .- 1600-0579. ; 28:2, s. 567-575
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Portfolio with a collection of evidence has become popular in higher education, including dental education. It is valuable to study the experiences of the use and implementation processes. Meta-ethnography can be a suitable method to analyse, synthesize and construct interpretations of qualitative research. Our aim was to explore experiences from the use of a portfolio/e-portfolio in dental education, from the students' and teachers' perspectives.Materials and methods: A systematic search in the databases PubMed, Scopus and ERC was performed, and the established seven steps of a meta-ethnographic review were used. 278 papers were initially identified, and seven were included in the final analysis.Results: Two themes (Issues to Address and Consequences) and five subthemes (Purpose, Roles, Support and Structure, Challenges and Enablers, and Gains) were constructed.Discussion: Our synthesis reflects various challenges, yet the learning gains are recognized and expressed to be important once the students and teachers have overcome early thresholds. Beyond the conclusions drawn in each paper, our synthesis provides new perspectives on the complexity of an implementation process and the balance of not seeing the woods for the trees being overwhelmed by technical and other practical aspects, reducing the opportunity for learning.Conclusion: The portfolio implementation in undergraduate dental education should address clarification to all stakeholders of the purpose and role, presenting a purposeful portfolio structure and timely support.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Malm, Magdalena, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Inhibiting HER3-Mediated Tumor Cell Growth with Affibody Molecules Engineered to Low Picomolar Affinity by Position-Directed Error-Prone PCR-Like Diversification
- 2013
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library Science, USA. - 1932-6203. ; 8:5, s. e62791-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The HER3 receptor is implicated in the progression of various cancers as well as in resistance to several currently used drugs, and is hence a potential target for development of new therapies. We have previously generated Affibody molecules that inhibit heregulin-induced signaling of the HER3 pathways. The aim of this study was to improve the affinity of the binders to hopefully increase receptor inhibition efficacy and enable a high receptor-mediated uptake in tumors. We explored a novel strategy for affinity maturation of Affibody molecules that is based on alanine scanning followed by design of library diversification to mimic the result from an error-prone PCR reaction, but with full control over mutated positions and thus less biases. Using bacterial surface display and flow-cytometric sorting of the maturation library, the affinity for HER3 was improved more than 30-fold down to 21 PM. The affinity is among the higher that has been reported for Affibody molecules and we believe that the maturation strategy should be generally applicable for improvement of affinity proteins. The new binders also demonstrated an improved thermal stability as well as complete refolding after denaturation. Moreover, inhibition of ligand-induced proliferation of HER3-positive breast cancer cells was improved more than two orders of magnitude compared to the previously best-performing clone. Radiolabeled Affibody molecules showed specific targeting of a number of HER3-positive cell lines in vitro as well as targeting of HER3 in in vivo mouse models and represent promising candidates for future development of targeted therapies and diagnostics.
|
|
| 28. |
- Mazumder, Atiqul Haq, et al.
(författare)
-
Reaction time and visual memory in connection to alcohol use in persons with bipolar disorder
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Brain Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3425 .- 2076-3425. ; 11:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to explore the association of cognition with hazardous drinking and alcohol-related disorder in persons with bipolar disorder (BD). The study population included 1268 persons from Finland with bipolar disorder. Alcohol use was assessed through hazardous drinking and alcohol-related disorder including alcohol use disorder (AUD). Hazardous drinking was screened with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test for Consumption (AUDIT-C) screening tool. Alcohol-related disorder diagnoses were obtained from the national registrar data. Participants performed two computerized tasks from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB) on A tablet computer: the 5-choice serial reaction time task, or reaction time (RT) test and the Paired Associative Learning (PAL) test. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Mental Health Inventory with five items (MHI-5). However, no assessment of current manic symptoms was available. Association between RT-test and alcohol use was analyzed with log-linear regression, and eβ with 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. PAL first trial memory score was analyzed with linear regression, and β with 95% CI are reported. PAL total errors adjusted was analyzed with logistic regression and odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI are reported. After adjustment of age, education, housing status and depression, hazardous drinking was associated with lower median and less variable RT in females while AUD was associated with a poorer PAL test performance in terms of the total errors adjusted scores in females. Our findings of positive associations between alcohol use and cognition in persons with bipolar disorder are difficult to explain because of the methodological flaw of not being able to separately assess only participants in euthymic phase.
|
|
| 29. |
- Mazumder, Atiqul Haq, et al.
(författare)
-
Reaction time and visual memory in connection to hazardous drinking polygenic scores in schizophrenia, schizoaffective and bipolar disorder
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Brain Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3425 .- 2076-3425. ; 11:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to explore the association of cognition with hazardous drinking Polygenic Scores (PGS) in 2649 schizophrenia, 558 schizoaffective disorder, and 1125 bipolar disorder patients in Finland. Hazardous drinking PGS was computed using the LDPred program. Participants performed two computerized tasks from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB) on a tablet computer: the 5-choice serial reaction time task, or Reaction Time (RT) test, and the Paired Associative Learning (PAL) test. The association between hazardous drinking PGS and cognition was measured using four cognition variables. Log-linear regression was used in Reaction Time (RT) assessment, and logistic regression was used in PAL assessment. All analyses were conducted separately for males and females. After adjustment of age, age of onset, education, household pattern, and depressive symptoms, hazardous drinking PGS was not associated with reaction time or visual memory in male or female patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar disorder.
|
|
| 30. |
- Mazumder, Atiqul Haq, et al.
(författare)
-
Reaction time and visual memory in connection with alcohol use in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Brain Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3425 .- 2076-3425. ; 11:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to explore the association between cognition and hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorder in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Cognition is more or less compromised in schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder and alcohol use might aggravate this phenomenon. The study population included 3362 individuals from Finland with diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Hazardous drinking was screened with the AUDIT-C (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test for Consumption) screening tool. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) diagnoses were obtained from national registrar data. Participants performed two computerized tasks from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB) on a tablet computer: The Five-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task (5-CSRTT) or the reaction time (RT) test and the Paired Associative Learning (PAL) test. The association between alcohol use and the RT and PAL tests was analyzed with log-linear regression and logistic regression, respectively. After adjustment for age, education, housing status, and the age at which the respondents had their first psychotic episodes, hazardous drinking was associated with a lower median RT in females and less variable RT in males, while AUD was associated with a poorer PAL test performance in terms of the total errors adjusted scores (TEASs) in females. Our findings of positive associations between alcohol and cognition in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder are unique.
|
|
| 31. |
- Nilsson-Ehle, Herman, et al.
(författare)
-
Quality of life, physical function and MRI T2*in elderly low-risk MDS patients treated to a haemoglobin level of andgt;= 120 g/L with darbepoetin alfa +/- filgrastim or erythrocyte transfusions
- 2011
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : John Wiley and Sons. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 87:3, s. 244-252
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Anaemia in low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL). Response to treatment with erythropoietin +/- granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is associated with improved QoL, but whether transfusion therapy with higher haemoglobin (Hb) target levels has similar effects is unknown. The objective for this prospective phase II Nordic multicentre trial was to assess QoL, response rate and physical function in elderly anaemic MDS patients treated to a target Hb level of andgt; 120 g /L. Methods: Thirty-six elderly patients with low-and intermediate-1 risk MDS received darbepoetin (DA) 300 mu g/wk, with the addition of G-CSF if no response. If the Hb target was reached at 16 wk, treatment was maintained until week 26. Remaining patients were transfused to reach the target level for at least 8 wk. Results: Twenty-seven patients completed the study. Response rate to DA +/- G-CSF was 67% in evaluable patients and 56% according to intention to treat. Eighteen patients reached the target Hb level according to protocol. QoL scores for fatigue, dyspnoea, constipation, and physical, role and social functioning improved significantly during study, with similar results for transfused and untransfused patients. Maintaining Hb andgt; 120 g /L did not confer a higher transfusion rate, once the target was reached. In two of fourteen patients, magnetic resonance imaging T2* indicated cardiac iron overload, however, without association with ferritin levels. Conclusions: In elderly anaemic MDS patients, an increment in haemoglobin is associated with improved QoL, whether induced by growth factor treatment or transfusion therapy.
|
|
| 32. |
- Nordin, Fredrik, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
From Products to Services and Back Again : Towards a New Service Procurement Logic
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Industrial marketing management : an international journal of industrial marketing and marketing research. - : Elsevier BV. ; 37:3, s. 292-300
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores patterns in the process of buying complex services. While there is currently hype about a service-dominant logic, there are also indications of a diametrically opposed logic implying the objectification of services; a goods-dominant logic. This paper investigates how buyers of different kinds of services relate to these logics and how the degree of objectification of services varies during different stages of the procurement process. By highlighting the buyers' perspectives and how services are transformed over time, the paper expands on the current knowledge of service-dominant logic. The paper is based on individual and focus group interviews with buyers at eighteen large industrial firms.
|
|
| 33. |
- Nöremark, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Network analysis of cattle and pig movements in Sweden : Measures relevant for disease control and risk based surveillance
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0167-5877 .- 1873-1716. ; 99:2-4, s. 78-90
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Registration ofcattle and pigmovements is mandatory in Sweden and all registered movements between farms in the years 2006–2008 were investigated using network analysis. The networks were analysed as monthly and yearly networks, separately per species and with the two species together. Measures that have been previously discussed in relation to outbreaks and disease control were calculated; moreover a measure of the ingoing infection chain was constructed.The ingoing infection chain captures in going contacts through other holdings, taking the temporal aspect and sequence of the movements into account. The distribution of the contacts among the holdings was skewed.Many farms had few or no contacts, while others had many, a pattern which has also been described from other countries. The cattle network and the combined network showed a recurring seasonal pattern, while this was not seen in the pig network.The in-degree was not equivalent to the ingoing infection chain; there were holdings with limited direct contacts, but a large number of indirect contacts.The ingoing infection chain could be a useful measure when setting up strategies for disease control and for risk based surveillance as it identifies holdings with many contacts through live animal movements and thus at potentially higher risk for introduction of contagious diseases.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Tolf, Conny, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of Ljungan virus VP0 and VP1 amino acid residues associated with cytolytic replication in cultured cells
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Archives of Virology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0304-8608 .- 1432-8798. ; 154:8, s. 1271-1284
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ljungan virus is a picornavirus isolated from Swedish and North American rodents. Replication of Ljungan virus in cultured cells normally induces a weak and delayed cytopathic effect compared to that of many other picornaviruses. However, efficiently replicating Ljungan virus variants may evolve during serial passages in cell culture. In this study, we evaluate the significance of three substitutions in capsid protein VP0 and VP1 of a cell-culture-adapted variant of the Swedish Ljungan virus 145SL strain. In contrast to the parental strain, this 145SLG variant grows to high titers in green monkey kidney cells and induces a distinct cytopathic effect. Reverse genetic analyses demonstrated that each one of the individual capsid substitutions contributes to lytic replication in cell culture, but also that expression of all three substitutions results in a 100- to 500-fold increase in viral titers compared to viruses encoding single capsid substitutions. In addition, as indicated by detection of activated caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation, there seems to be an association between increased replication efficiency of lytic Ljungan virus variants and induction of an apoptotic response in infected green monkey kidney cells.
|
|
| 39. |
- Wibaeus, Ylva, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
-
A comparative pilot study of history and social studies related to the middle years in Sweden, Finland and on the Åland Islands
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Abstract book Nofa8.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subject didactic research on history and social studies in Sweden and Finland mostly relates to either secondary or upper secondary school, whereas studies related to younger children are few (Mård, 2020; Persson, 2017). Social studies as a school subject for younger children (grades 4–6) was introduced in Finland only a few years ago through the current curriculum of 2014, while history from grade 5 has a long tradition (Virta, 2014). One of the contemporary issues focused in educational research on these subjects is controversial issues, in order for students to learn to engage in discussion where opinions may differ (cf. Barton & McCully, 2007). However, when it comes to younger students, there are some hesitations whether or not to include such content (Cowan & Maitles, 2012). Barton and Levstik (2004) emphasize that even younger children are able to cope with difficult issues as e.g. fairness or justice, and need to be exposed to multiple perspectives. This study focuses on difficult issues as a point of departure for interviews with middle school teachers.The purpose of this paper is to compare what middle school teachers in three regions, with Swedish as a common language in schools but different curricula, conceptualize as difficult issues in history and social studies. Furthermore, we investigate what teaching material they use and how they use it. This is a pilot study, based on interviews with twelve teachers (four teachers in each region). The main research questions are: 1) What are the similarities and differences in curricula and teaching material? 2) What do teachers in these regions define as difficult issues related to the two subjects? 3) How do teachers use teaching material for difficult issues?Semi-structured and material-based interviews were co-constructed by the researchers. Transcripts will be collaboratively analysed focusing on thematic similarities and differences.
|
|
