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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lindblom, Jonas, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Model Based Spectrum Prediction
- 2000
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Ingår i: Proc. of the 2000 IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding. ; , s. 117-119
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Almemark, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Aktiva badhus
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet syftar till att ta fram ett underlag som kan ligga till grund för de val man gör som anläggningsägare då en simhall med all kringutrustning skall utformas och byggas, i syfte att såväl byggnation som drift av badhusen ska genomföras på ett så miljö- och hälsomässigt samt ekonomiskt hållbart sätt som möjligt. De aspekter som behandlas är energianvändning, vattenrening, ventilation och innemiljö, driftsoptimering genom simulering av driften med en simuleringsmodell som har tagits fram inom ramen för projektet samt städmetoder. Den övervägande delen av befintliga badhus är utrustade med reningsanläggningar bestående av sandfilter med flockningssteg. I stort sett alla badhus använder klor för att desinficera badvattnet. I och med att problemen med bildning av desinfektionsbiprodukter uppmärksammats i en allt större utsträckning på senare tid så har kompletterande reningssteg tillförts. Membranfiltrering för rening av badvatten har länge varit en allt för energikrävande teknik och därför inte setts som ett gångbart alternativ till sandfilter. Det finns dock en potential för att använda membranteknik i större utsträckning framöver då tekniken utvecklats och idag inte är lika energikrävande som förr. Rent teoretiskt så är energibehovet för membranfiltrering i samma storleksordning som för sandfilter. De badhus som studerats i detta projekt har använt klor för att desinficera bassängvattnet. Inom ramen för projektet har energianvändningen i tre badhus kartlagts, och förslag till energieffektiviseringsåtgärder har tagits fram. Resultatet visar att det är möjligt effektivisera energianvändningen i badhus med i storleksordningen 70 procent jämfört med dagens nivåer, vilket avsevärt förbättrar såväl miljöprestanda som den ekonomiska bärkraften för anläggningarna.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Alsiö, Johan
(författare)
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From Food Preference to Craving : Behavioural Traits and Molecular Mechanisms
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Preference for palatable and energy-dense foods may be a risk factor for body weight gain and has both genetic and environmental components. Once obesity develops in an individual, weight loss is difficult to achieve. Indeed, obesity is often characterized by repeated attempts to reduce the overconsumption of energy-dense foods, followed by food craving and relapse to overconsumption. Relapse and loss of control over intake are observed also in drug addicts, and it has been shown that obesity and drug addiction not only share behavioural features but also neural circuitry, e.g. the mesolimbic dopamine pathway. In this thesis, we sought to investigate the mechanisms related to food preferences and craving using animal models previously used in addiction research. The risk of gaining weight may implicate behavioural traits and emotional states. We showed in rats that a risk-taking behavioural profile was associated both with increased preference for a high-fat (HF) diet and with increased motivational response to a palatable high-sucrose (HS) diet. Hypothalamic urocortin 2 expression was associated with the preference for the HF diet. We also tested the hypothesis that consumption of HS and HF diets separately or provided simultaneously (HFHS) affect anxiety-like behaviour and locomotion. Furthermore, we showed that withdrawal from HFHS food affects diet-induced obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) animals differently. OP animals had increased motivation (craving) for HS food pellets as measured by the operant self-administration technique during withdrawal. Dopamine receptor expression in the striatum differed between OP and OR animals both at access to HFHS and during withdrawal. This strongly implicates dopaminergic signaling in the OP phenotype. In humans, food preferences may be monitored using questionnaires. We analyzed food preference data from parents of preschool children, and identified an inverse association of parental preference for high-fat high-protein food and overweight in children. In conclusion, we have employed animal models previously used in the addiction field to identify molecular mechanisms related both to food preference and vulnerability to obesity, and to food craving associated with withdrawal from palatable food. These findings add to our current understanding of obesity.
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| 10. |
- Alsiö, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of nandrolone decanoate on gene expression in endocrine systems related to the adverse effects of anabolic androgenic steroids
- 2009
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Ingår i: Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology. - : Wiley. - 1742-7835 .- 1742-7843. ; 105:5, s. 307-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elite athletes, body builders and adolescents misuse anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) in order to increase muscle mass or to enhance physical endurance and braveness. The high doses misused are associated with numerous adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of chronic supratherapeutic AAS treatment on circulating hormones and gene expression in peripheral tissues related to such adverse effects. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure expression levels of in total 37 genes (including peptide hormones, cell membrane receptors, nuclear receptors, steroid synthesising enzymes and other enzymes) in the pituitary, testes, adrenals, adipose tissue, kidneys and liver of male Sprague-Dawley rats after 14-day administration of the AAS nandrolone decanoate, 3 or 15 mg/kg. Plasma glucose and levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), adiponectin, corticosterone, ghrelin, insulin and leptin were also measured. We found several expected effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, while the treatment also caused a number of other not previously identified changes in circulating factors and gene transcription levels such as the dose-dependent reduction of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor in adipose tissue, reduction of both circulating and mRNA levels of adiponectin, up-regulation of both hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA-reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo synthesis of cholesterol, and the receptor for ACTH in the adrenals. The results provide evidence for wide ranging effects of AAS on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, adipose tissue and substrates of the renal control of blood pressure.
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| 11. |
- Alsiö, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Inverse association of high-fat diet preference and anxiety-like behavior : a putative role for urocortin 2
- 2009
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Ingår i: Genes, Brain and Behavior. - 1601-1848 .- 1601-183X. ; 8:2, s. 193-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether the preference for a palatable high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with response to novelty and with anxiety-like behavior in rats and whether such fat preference correlates with gene expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides related to feeding. We subjected male rats to two tests of exploration of novel environments: the multivariate concentric square field (MCSF) and the elevated plus maze (EPM). The rats were then exposed to a 5-day test of preference for a palatable HFD versus reference diets. Messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of 21 neuropeptides were investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We found a strong positive correlation of HFD preference and open-arm activity in the EPM (% open-arm time, r(s) = 0.629, df = 26, P < 0.001). Thus, HFD preference was inversely associated with anxiety-like behavior. The same association was found for HFD preference and behavior in the MCSF (bridge entries, r(s) = 0.399, df = 23, P = 0.048). In addition, the HFD preference was positively correlated (r(s) = 0.433, df = 25, P = 0.021) with hypothalamic mRNA levels of urocortin 2 (Ucn 2). Moreover, behavior in the EPM was significantly correlated with expression levels of the receptor for Ucn 2, the corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2, in the hypothalamus (r(s) = 0.382, df = 33, P = 0.022, pituitary (r(s) = 0.494, df = 31, P = 0.004) and amygdala (r(s) = 0.381, df = 30, P = 0.032). We conclude that preference for palatable HFD is inversely associated with anxiety and propose that Ucn 2 signaling may play a role in this association.
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| 12. |
- Alsiö, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Locomotor adaptation and elevated expression of reward-relevant genes following free-choice high-fat diet exposure
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Obesity may be induced in rodents by long-term access to dietary fat. Such treatment has been reported to have behavioural effects including reduced anxiety-like behaviour and diminished operant responding for psychostimulants. It is unclear whether such effects are secondary to metabolic changes due to excess body weight, or to the extended access to palatable food reward. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a short palatable diet exposure (10 days) on performance in the open field test of novelty-induced locomotion and anxiety-like behaviour in rats. We subjected rats to a free-choice high-fat or high-sugar diet, or both, for a period of 10 days. Increased caloric intake was observed in all groups but body weight at Day 10 did not differ from chow-fed controls. We report that consumption of the free-choice high-fat diets was associated with higher novelty-induced activity and reduced anxiety-like behaviour in the open field test. In addition, we used RT-PCR to show that the high-fat group had 39% higher expression of mu opioid receptor in the lateral hypothalamus, and that tyrosine hydroxylase expression was elevated more than two-fold in the ventral tegmental area of rats with access to both high-fat and high-sugar. In conclusion, these results show that subchronic exposure to a free-choice high-fat diet induces behavioural adaptations such as elevated locomotor activity and attenuated experimental anxiety. The changes observed in gene expression related to reward after high-fat diet exposure indicate that these behavioural adaptations are related to reward function.
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| 13. |
- Alsiö, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Motivation for sucrose in sated rats is predicted by low anxiety-like behavior
- 2009
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Ingår i: Neuroscience Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 454:3, s. 193-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anxiety has been implicated in obesity and in the overconsumption of highly palatable foods such as those high in fat, sugar, or both. Also, the novelty-seeking trait has been associated with failure in weight-loss programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of experimental anxiety and the self-administration of sucrose and high fat pellets in non-food deprived rats across different operant schedules. Male Wistar rats were subjected to the elevated plus-maze test (EPM) of anxiety-like behavior. The rats were tested for fixed ratio 5 (FR5) and progressive ratio (PR) operant responding for 50% sucrose, 95% sucrose, and high-fat pellets. PR active lever press response for 95% sucrose, but not the other pellet types, was correlated to % time spent on open arms (P=0.019) in the EPM. On the FR5 schedule, activity (closed arm entries) was correlated to the self-administration of 50% sucrose (P=0.027) and high-fat (P=0.002). This indicates an association of novelty-induced activity and self-administration of palatable food in sated rats, as well as a specific association of PR lever press response for 95% sucrose and low anxiety-like behavior. It has been argued that such active lever press response on PR may be interpreted as craving for the reinforcer; thus, our findings indicate an inverse relationship of experimental anxiety and craving for sucrose. This connection may have implications for human situations, since anxiety and novelty-seeking have been associated with obesity and failure in weight-loss programs.
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| 14. |
- Anttila, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn : En systematisk litteraturöversikt
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det är angeläget att finna metoder för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn. Det finns tecken på att psykisk ohälsa hos barn kan ha ökat under de senaste decennierna och strukturerade insatser för att komma till rätta med problemen blir allt vanligare såväl inom kommunal verksamhet som inom hälso- och sjukvård. Interventionen utgörs av så kallade program som är standardiserade och finns beskrivna i manual eller motsvarande. Här sammanfattas det vetenskapliga underlaget för två typer av program: dels de som främst syftar till att förebygga utagerande beteenden hos barn och ungdomar, dels de som i första hand syftar till att förebygga inåtvända problem som ångest, depression och självskadebeteende. Program som har en allmänt hälsobefrämjande effekt, t ex för att förebygga drogmissbruk och våldshandlingar ingår följaktligen inte. Programmen är avsedda att ha effekt, inte bara direkt efter att programmet har avslutats utan även i framtiden. Rapporten har tagits fram på förfrågan av Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien och UPP-centrum (Utvecklingscentrum för barns psykiska hälsa) vid Socialstyrelsen. Båda har efterfrågat en systematisk litteraturöversikt för att klarlägga nyttan med att använda program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn. Slutsatser: - Av 33 bedömda standardiserade och strukturerade insatser (program) som syftar till att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn har sju ett begränsat vetenskapligt stöd i den internationella litteraturen. Det är föräldrastödsprogrammen Incredible Years och Triple P, familjestödsprogrammet Family Check-Up samt skolprogrammen Good Behavior Game, Coping Power, Coping with Stress och FRIENDS. Effekterna är med få undantag små. Studierna är utförda i andra länder. Eftersom effekterna sannolikt varierar med sociala och kulturella sammanhang är det oklart i vilken utsträckning som programmen kan överföras till Sverige med bibehållen effekt. Programmen kan också behöva anpassas så att de överensstämmer med svenska värderingar och syn på barns rätt. - I Sverige används ett hundratal olika program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn, i huvudsak av utagerande typ. Inget av dem har utvärderats i Sverige i randomiserade studier med minst sex månaders uppföljning. Programmen De otroliga åren (översatt från Incredible Years), Triple P och Family Check-Up har enligt internationella studier begränsat vetenskapligt stöd för förebyggande effekt. Programmen KOMET, COPE, SET, StegVis, Beardslees familjeintervention, Connect och DISA har undersökts i minst en kontrollerad studie vardera men har inte tillräckligt vetenskapligt stöd för förebyggande effekt. Övriga program som används i Sverige är inte vetenskapligt utprövade som preventionsprogram. - Program som bygger på att ungdomar med utagerande problem träffas i grupp kan öka risken för normbrytande beteenden. Andra negativa effekter för såväl program för utagerande som för inåtvända problem är tänkbara men ofullständigt belysta. - Det behövs randomiserade studier som undersöker om de program som används har förebyggande effekt i svenska populationer och inte medför risker. Det behövs också hälsoekonomiska studier som undersöker om programmen är kostnadseffektiva.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Birgner, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced activity of monoamine oxidase in the rat brain following repeated nandrolone decanoate administration
- 2008
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Ingår i: Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 1219, s. 103-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are known as doping agents within sports and body-building, but are currently also abused by other groups in society in order to promote increased courage and aggression. We previously showed that 14 days of daily intramuscular injections of the AAS nandrolone decanoate (15 mg/kg) reduced the extracellular levels of the dopaminergic metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the nucleus accumbens shell using microdialysis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the same dose regimen of nandrolone decanoate may affect the activities of the dopamine-metabolizing enzymes monoamine oxidases A and B (MAO-A and MAO-B). A radiometric assay was used to determine the activities of MAO-A and MAO-B in rat brain tissues after 14 days of daily i.m. nandrolone decanoate injections at the doses 3 and 15 mg/kg. Gene transcript contents of MAO-A, MAO-B and cathecol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) were measured with quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR. 3 mg/kg of nandrolone decanoate significantly reduced the activity of both MAO-A and -B in the caudate putamen. 15 mg/kg of nandrolone decanoate significantly reduced the activity of MAO-A in the amygdala and increased the gene transcript level of MAO-B in the substantia nigra. In conclusion, imbalanced MAO activities may contribute to explain the impulsive and aggressive behaviour often described in AAS abusers. The reduced MAO activities observed are in line with our previously presented findings of decreased extracellular levels of DOPAC and HVA in the rat brain, indicating decreased monoaminergic activity following repeated AAS administration.
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| 19. |
- Birgner, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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The anabolic androgenic steroid nandrolone decanoate affects mRNA expression of dopaminergic but not serotonergic receptors
- 2008
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Ingår i: Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 1240, s. 221-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) at supratherapeutic doses is a problem not only in the world of sports, but also among non-athletes using AASs to improve physical appearance and to become more bold and courageous. Investigations of the possible neurochemical effects of AAS have focused partially on the monoaminergic systems, which are involved in aggressive behaviours and the development of drug dependence. In the present study, we administered nandrolone decanoate (3 or 15 mg/kg/day for 14 days) and measured mRNA expression of dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors, transporters and enzymes in the male rat brain using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Expression of the dopamine D1-receptor transcript was elevated in the amygdala and decreased in the hippocampus while the transcript level of the dopamine D4-receptor was increased in the nucleus accumbens. No changes in transcriptional levels were detected among the serotonin-related genes examined in this study. The altered mRNA expression of the dopamine receptors may contribute to some of the behavioural changes often reported in AAS abusers of increased impulsivity, aggression and drug-seeking.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Brännvall, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Separate bleaching of pulp fractions enriched in earlywood and latewood fibers
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of wood chemistry and technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0277-3813 .- 1532-2319. ; 27:2, s. 99-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unbleached softwood kraft pulp was fractionated in hydrocyclones into a fine fraction, enriched in earlywood fibers, and a coarse fraction, enriched in latewood fibers. The response to individual bleaching chemicals and the bleachability in bleaching sequences of the pulp fractions was studied. The light absorption coefficient, light scattering coeffient, and brightness were higher in the unbleached fine fraction than in the coarse fraction. Hydrogen peroxide managed to reduce the light absorption coefficient of the earlywood enriched fine fraction more efficiently than that of the latewood enriched fraction. In the TCF-sequence the light absorption coefficient of the fine fraction was reduced to the level of the coarse fraction at a given consumption of bleaching chemicals. In the ECF-sequence the difference in light absorption coefficient remained between the fractions. At a given consumption of bleaching chemicals, the fine fraction had higher brightness than the coarse fraction, 2%- and 1%-units on the ISO-scale in the TCF and ECF bleaching sequence, respectively.
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| 23. |
- Dahlin, Lars B., et al.
(författare)
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Handtransplantation snart verklighet i Sverige
- 2017
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 114:39, s. 1578-1578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some patients with a uni- or bilateral hand- or forearm amputation cannot use a hand prosthesis, although high-tech prostheses have been developed. A hand transplantation, particularly for those with bilateral amputations, may be an alternative solution. In a hand-transplanted patient, grip function, strength, sensibility and subsequent improved quality of life can be restored. Risks related to immunosuppression must be balanced by expected benefits, and thorough selection of patients has to be performed from both medical and psychological point of view. Therefore, a national network has been established in Sweden to achieve coordination with the needed competence.
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| 24. |
- Dahlin, Lars B., et al.
(författare)
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Handtransplantation snart verklighet i Sverige : [Hand transplantation in Sweden - preparations under way]
- 2017
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 114:39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some patients with a uni- or bilateral hand- or forearm amputation cannot use a hand prosthesis, although high-tech prostheses have been developed. A hand transplantation, particularly for those with bilateral amputations, may be an alternative solution. In a hand-transplanted patient, grip function, strength, sensibility and subsequent improved quality of life can be restored. Risks related to immunosuppression must be balanced by expected benefits, and thorough selection of patients has to be performed from both medical and psychological point of view. Therefore, a national network has been established in Sweden to achieve coordination with the needed competence.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Fredriksson, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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The obesity gene, FTO, is of ancient origin, up-regulated during food deprivation and expressed in neurons of feeding-related nuclei of the brain
- 2008
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 149:5, s. 2062-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gene variants of the FTO (fatso) gene have recently been strongly associated with body mass index and obesity. The FTO gene is well conserved and found in a single copy in vertebrate species including fish and chicken, suggesting that the ancestor of this gene was present 450 million years ago. Surprisingly, the FTO gene is present in two species of algae but not in any other invertebrate species. This could indicate that this gene has undergone a horizontal gene transfer. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the gene is expressed in many peripheral and central rat tissues. Detailed in situ hybridization analysis in the mouse brain showed abundant expression in feeding-related nuclei of the brainstem and hypothalamus, such as the nucleus of the solitary tract, area postrema, and arcuate, paraventricular, and supraoptic nuclei as well as in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Colabeling showed that the FTO gene is predominantly expressed in neurons, whereas it was virtually not found in astrocytes or glia cells. The FTO was significantly up-regulated (41%) in the hypothalamus of rats after 48-h food deprivation. We also found a strong negative correlation of the FTO expression level with the expression of orexigenic galanin-like peptide, which is mainly synthesized in the arcuate nucleus. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that FTO could participate in the central control of energy homeostasis.
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| 27. |
- Grancharov, Volodya, et al.
(författare)
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Low-complexity, non-intrusive speech quality assessment
- 2006
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing.. - 1558-7916. ; 14:6, s. 1948-1956
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monitoring of speech quality in emerging heterogeneous networks is of great interest to network operators. The most efficient way to satisfy such a need is through nonintrusive, objective speech quality assessment. In this paper, we describe a low-complexity algorithm for monitoring the speech quality over a network. The features used in the proposed algorithm can be computed from commonly used speech-coding parameters. Reconstruction and perceptual transformation of the signal is not performed. The critical advantage of the approach lies in generating quality assessment ratings without explicit distortion modeling. The results from the performed experiments indicate that the proposed nonintrusive objective quality measure performs better than the ITU-T P.563 standard.
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| 28. |
- Grancharov, Volodya, et al.
(författare)
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Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Assessment with Low Computational Complexity
- 2006
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Ingår i: INTERSPEECH 2006 AND 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPOKEN LANGUAGE PROCESSING. - BAIXAS : ISCA-INST SPEECH COMMUNICATION ASSOC. - 9781604234497 ; , s. 189-192
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe an algorithm for monitoring subjective speech quality without access to the original signal that has very low computational and memory requirements. The features used in the proposed algorithm can be computed from commonly used speech-coding parameters. Reconstruction and perceptual transformation of the signal are not performed. The algorithm generates quality assessment ratings without explicit distortion modeling. The simulation results indicate that the proposed non-intrusive objective quality measure performs better than the ITU-T P.563 standard despite its very low computational complexity.
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| 29. |
- Gustafsson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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A defective swelling lamellar phase
- 1997
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Ingår i: LANGMUIR. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0743-7463. ; 13:4, s. 852-860
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phase equilibria in mixtures of egg lecithin and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride in brine (100 mM sodium chloride) were studied with particular emphasis on the behavior of the lamellar phase. The solvent corner of this pseudoternary system features an
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| 30. |
- Haitina, Tatjana, et al.
(författare)
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Fourteen novel human members of mitochondrial solute carrier family 25 (SLC25) widely expressed in the central nervous system
- 2006
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Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543 .- 1089-8646. ; 88:6, s. 779-790
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Members of the solute carrier family 25 (SLC25) are known to transport molecules over the mitochondrial membrane. In this paper we present 14 novel members of SLC25 family in human. These were provided with following gene symbols by the HGNC: SLC25A32, SLC25A33, SLC25A34. SLC25A35, SLC25A37, SLC25A38, SLC25A39, SLC25A40, SLC25A41, SLC25A42, SLC25A43, SLC25A44, SLC25A45, and SLC25A46. We also identified the orthologues for these genes in rat and mouse. Moreover, we found yeast orthologues for 9 of these genes and show that the predicted substrate binding residues are highly conserved in the human and yeast proteins. We performed a comprehensive tissue localization study for 9 of these genes on a panel of 30 rat tissues with quantitative real-time polymerse chain reaction. We detected their mRNA in a wide number of tissues, both in brain and in periphery. This study provides an overall roadmap of the repertoire of the SLC25 family in mammals. showing that there are at least 46 genes in the human genome coding for mitochondrial transporters.
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| 31. |
- Hammarlund, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Scenarier för att nå klimatmålet för inrikes transporter : ett regeringsuppdrag
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten, som är svar på ett regeringsuppdrag om alternativa prognosscenarier, beskriver kvantitativa analyser av hur olika strategier avseende fordon, bränslen och förändringar i vägtrafikarbete kan bidra till att nå klimatmålen, för att på så sätt ge underlag för ett antal strategiska vägval. Ett antal scenarier redovisas som alla når klimatmålet 2030, men där olika strategier bidrar i olika hög grad och genomförs på olika sätt. Fördelar, nackdelar och risker med olika strategier, styrmedel och åtgärder beskrivs och analyseras översiktligt.
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| 32. |
- Hauff Carlsson, Jeanette, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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The loan market – The Swedish example
- 2019
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Ingår i: Indebtedness in early adulthood: Causes and remedies. Carlsson Hauff, Gärling & Lindblom (Eds.). - London UK. : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030139957 ; , s. 49-61
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- From a Swedish perspective, different types of credits and loans relevant to young adults are analysed, together with an assessment of levels of indebtedness. This enables an assessment of the level of urgency regarding the Swedish market and a discussion of whether the recent development of the Swedish loan market follows an international trend. The level of indebtedness of Swedish young adults is compared to the general population of borrowers. The efforts taken by Swedish authorities are discussed, something that may serve as a description of one way to tackle current societal challenges. The Swedish example, containing strong macro-prudential initiatives, could be seen as an example of a legislative way to tackle problems associated with a potential housing bubble and high debt ratios.
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| 33. |
- Henriksson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Sorbenter för olje- och kemikaliespill. Utveckling av en bedömningsmetodik för miljöanpassad produktion, användning och omhändertagande
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta samfinansierade forskningsprojekt har tagit fram en bedömningsmetodik som miljömässigt och arbetsmiljömässigt värderar sorbenter och dess handhavande vid sanering av i första hand petroleumprodukter och i andra hand kemikaliespill. Forskningsprojektets långsiktiga inriktning har varit att minska framtida miljöpåverkan vid sanering av olje- och kemikaliespill, reducera kostnader för bortskaffning/ omhändertagande, värdera nya typer av sorbenter och saneringsmetoder samt att öka kunskapen hos tillverkare/återförsäljare, miljöhandläggare, användare och avfallstekniker. Målet har varit att bedömningsmetodiken skall kunna användas minst 10 år framåt. Projektet har genomförts i nära samarbete med 15 tillverkare/återförsäljare, Räddningsverket, Naturvårdsverket, Kommunförbundet, användare samt IVL:s avfallstekniker och miljöforskare inom specialområdena ekotoxikologi, avfallshantering, livscykelanalyser (LCA) och arbetsmiljö
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| 34. |
- Henriksson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Uppföljning av oljeutsläppet från Preems oljeterminal på Loudden. Hur genomfördes saneringen och varför?
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Erfarenheterna från bekämpning och sanering efter oljeutsläppet visar på vikten av agera tydligt, kraftfullt och snabbt. De personer som har erfarenhet och kunskap måste omgående ta 'plats' och driva igenom beslut om bekämpnings- och saneringsmetoder och slutmål. I stort sett var det precis det som utfördes vid oljeutsläppet vid Loudden 2004. I dialogerna efter utförd bekämpning och sanering är det få som ifrågasatt mål och resultat av utfört arbete. Slutsatsen är att kompetenta organisationer fick rätt roller vid bekämpning och sanering av oljan.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Jacobsson, Josefin A., et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of six putative human transporters with structural similarity to the drug transporter SLC22 family
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543 .- 1089-8646. ; 90:5, s. 595-609
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The solute carrier family 22 (SLC22) is a large family of organic cation and anion transporters. These are transmembrane proteins expressed predominantly in kidneys and liver and mediate the uptake and excretion of environmental toxins, endogenous substances, and drugs from the body. Through a comprehensive database search we identified six human proteins not yet cloned or annotated in the reference sequence databases. Five of these belong to the SLC22 family, SLC22A20, SLC22A23, SLC22A24, SLC22A25, and SPNS3, and the sixth gene, SVOPL, is a paralog to the synaptic vesicle protein SVOP. We identified the orthologs for these genes in mouse and rat and additional homologous proteins and performed the first phylogenetic analysis on the entire SLC22 family in human, mouse, and rat. In addition, we performed a phylogenetic analysis which showed that SVOP and SV2A-C are, in a comparison with all vertebrate proteins, most similar to the SLC22 family. Finally, we performed a tissue localization study on 15 genes on a panel of 30 rat tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Jacobsson, Kerstin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Emotion work in animal rights activism : A moral-sociological perspective
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 56:1, s. 55-68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social movement activism requires emotional motivation and entails emotional costs, and, because of this, activists tend to be deeply involved in the management of emotions – or emotion work – and not just in connection with protest events, but also on an everyday basis. Based on a case study of animal rights activism in Sweden, this article identifies five types of emotion work that animal rights activists typically perform: containing, ventilation, ritualization, micro-shocking and normalization of guilt. The emotion work performed by activists, it is argued, is best understood from a moral-sociological perspective building on Durkheim’s sociology of morality, based on which the article then outlines key elements of a comprehensive theoretical framework for the study of emotion work in social movements.
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| 41. |
- Jacobsson, Kerstin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Moral reflexivity and dramaturgical action in social movement activism : The case of the Plowshares and Animal Rights Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Social Movement Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1474-2837 .- 1474-2829. ; 11:1, s. 41-60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on Durkheim's sociology of morality, which identifies ideals and norms as the key components of morality, this article outlines a theoretical model for understanding how social movements can bring about legitimate social change. Social movement activists, we propose, can be conceptualized as followers and pursuers of sacred ideals. As such, they frequently come into conflict with existing norms in society. To manage this dilemma, activists must downplay their role as norm breakers while emphasizing their identity as followers of ideals. This in turn requires moral reflexivity in the staging of collective action. The article shows how dramaturgical control (Goffman) is exercised towards this end among activists engaged in two social movements in Sweden: the Plowshares peace movement and Animal Rights Sweden. The article further examines the internal stratification, or ‘moral hierarchies’, within the two activist groups in the light of the proposed model. The closer the activists were able to adhere to the sacred ideal, the higher the social status they enjoyed within the group.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Jansson, Agneta, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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A new polymorphism in the coding region of exon four in HSD17B2 in relation to risk of sporadic and hereditary breast cancer
- 2007
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6806 .- 1573-7217. ; 106:1, s. 57-64
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In situ synthesis of oestrogens is of great importance in the development and progression of breast cancer. 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17HSD) type 2 catalyses oxidation from oestradiol to oestrone, and thereby protects the breast epithelial cells from oestradiol. Low expression of 17HSD type 2 has been associated with decreased survival in breast cancer, but no studies have investigated the mechanism behind the low expression. The 17HSD type 2 gene (HSD17B2) was screened for mutations with Single Stranded Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP)-DNA sequencing in 59 sporadic breast cancer cases, 19 hereditary breast cancer cases and seven breast cancer cell lines. DNA samples from 226 healthy individuals were used to identify if changes were previously unknown polymorphisms. No mutation was detected and therefore mutations in HSD17B2 do not explain why some breast tumours exhibit low 17HSD type 2 expression. However, a previously unknown polymorphism was found in exon four (Met226Val). Using molecular modelling, we found that the substituted residue is located at the outer part of the steroid binding site, probably causing minor alterations in the substrate binding. We further studied if the polymorphism contributes to breast cancer susceptibility in a larger material, but did not find an increased risk in the group of 317 sporadic breast cancer patients, 188 breast cancer patients with two close relatives with breast cancer or 122 hereditary breast cancer patients, compared to the healthy control group. We suggest that the detected polymorphism does not contribute to a higher risk of developing breast cancer.
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| 44. |
- Johansson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The relative impact of chronic food restriction and acute food deprivation on plasma hormone levels and hypothalamic neuropeptide expression
- 2008
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Ingår i: Peptides. - : Elsevier BV. - 0196-9781 .- 1873-5169. ; 29:9, s. 1588-1595
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our understanding of the central regulation of food intake and body weight has increased tremendously through implication of a high number of neuropeptides. However, lack of all-embracing studies have made comparison difficult in the past. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the relative importance of the different neuropeptides in terms of involvement in appetite regulatory mechanisms. We quantified expression levels of 21 hypothalamic neuropeptides and circulating levels of leptin, insulin, corticosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, ghrelin and adiponectin in rats after acute food deprivation and chronic food restriction using validated quantitative real-time PCR and hormone measurements. Body weight, insulin and leptin were reduced whereas corticosterone was increased by both acute food deprivation and chronic food restriction. Our results confirmed the relative importance in body weight homeostasis of neuropeptide Y and proopiomelanocortin, which were increased and decreased as predicted. The expression of other neuropeptides previously attributed central roles in body weight homeostasis, e.g. melanin-concentrating hormone and orexin, appeared to be less affected by the treatments. Moreover, the expression of dynorphin, galanin-like peptide and neuropeptide B was dramatically reduced after both treatments. This suggests that the latter neuropeptides--although previously known to be involved in body weight homeostasis--may be of unexpected importance in states of negative energy balance.
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| 45. |
- Jonas, I., et al.
(författare)
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Orientation Studies of Probe Molecules in Lamellar Liquid Crystalline Lipid Systems by Linear Dichroism
- 1977
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Ingår i: Spectroscopy Letters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-2289 .- 0038-7010. ; 10:6, s. 501-506
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The LD-method of inclined incidence was found useful in the study of the orientations of probe chromophores (carotene, anthracene) solubilized in lamellar mesophases of the systems sodium octanoate/decanol/water and sodium di-2-ethylhexylsulphosuccinate/water, respectively. The results suggest the existence of two competing molecular orientation mechanisms aligning the longest axis of the probe molecule either parallel with the lamellar surface or perpendicular to it.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Kindlundh, Anna MS, et al.
(författare)
-
Chronic administration with nandrolone decanoate induces alterations in the gene-transcript expression of dopamine D1- and D2-receptors in the rat brain
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Brain Research. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 979:1-2, s. 37-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some adolescent and young males are engaged in misuse of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) in connection with multiple drug use, in order to become intoxicated and brave, apart from currently known motives connected to sports performance and physical appearance. Recent studies suggest that alterations in neurobiological circuits implicated in the regulation of reward-related learning, aggression and motoric behavior underlie the behavioral changes associated with AAS misuse. We have previously shown that AASs induce alterations in dopamine receptor densities. The aim of the present study was to investigate if these effects could be attributed to altered mRNA content for tyrosine hydroxylase, L-amino acid decarboxylase, dopamine D(1)- and dopamine D(2)-receptor as measured by in situ hybridisation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 2 weeks of treatment with daily intramuscular injections of the AAS nandrolone decanoate at three different doses (1, 5 and 15 mg/kg/day). Results of the in situ hybridization showed that the mRNA content of the dopamine D(1)-receptor subtype was significantly reduced at all doses in the caudate putamen and at the highest doses in the nucleus accumbens shell. The mRNA expression of the dopamine D(2)-receptor was significantly increased at the two lowest doses in the caudate putamen and the nucleus accumbens shell. In conclusion, nandrolone has been shown to affect the expression of gene transcripts of dopaminergic receptors possibly implicated in underlying mechanisms of reward-related behavioral changes among AAS misusers.
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| 48. |
- Kindlundh, Anna M S, et al.
(författare)
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Increased dopamine transporter density in the male rat brain following chronic nandrolone decanoate administration
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Neuroscience Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 356:2, s. 131-134
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adolescent males currently employ anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) to become intoxicated, besides the traditional desires of an improved physical appearance and enhanced sports performance. Several studies indicate that AAS affect the brain reward system. Recently chronic administration with nandrolone decanoate to male rats has been shown to increase the dopamine transporter (DAT) density in the striatum visualised in vivo by positron emission tomography. The present study aimed to investigate if the increased DAT density could be confirmed using in vitro autoradiography following a comparable regimen of nandrolone treatment. Specific binding of 50 pM [125I] RTI-55 in the presence of 1 microM citalopram was used to label DAT. Two weeks of nandrolone decanoate administration at the supra-therapeutic doses 1, 5 and 15 mg/kg per day increased DAT density in the caudate putamen at all three doses. In conclusion, this study confirms that chronic nandrolone administration increases dopamine transporter density in the CPU and therefore supports the theory that AAS affects the dopamine system in the male rat brain.
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| 49. |
- Kindlundh, Anna MS, et al.
(författare)
-
The anabolic-androgenic steroid nandrolone decanoate affects the density of dopamine receptors in the male rat brain
- 2001
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Neuroscience. - 0953-816X .- 1460-9568. ; 13:2, s. 291-296
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years a male group of anabolic-androgenic steroid misusers has been identified to share socio-demographic and personality related background factors with misusers of psychotropic substances, as well as being involved in habits of multiple drug use. The present study aimed to assess whether anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) would affect the density of the dopamine receptors in areas implicated in reward and behaviour in the male rat brain. The effects of 2 weeks of treatment with i.m. injections of nandrolone decanoate (15 mg/kg/day) on the expression of the D(1)-like and D(2)-like receptors were evaluated by autoradiography. Specific binding of D(1)-like receptors was significantly down regulated in the caudate putamen, the nucleus accumbens core and shell. D(2)-like receptor densities were down regulated in the nucleus accumbens shell, but up regulated in the caudate putamen, the nucleus accumbens core and the ventral tegmental area. These results are compatible with nandrolone induced neuroadaptive alterations in dopamine circuits associated with motor functions and behavioural paradigms known to be affected following AAS misuse.
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| 50. |
- Kindlundh, Anna MS, et al.
(författare)
-
The anabolic-androgenic steroid nandrolone induces alterations in the density of serotonergic 5HT1B and 5HT2 receptors in the male rat brain
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Neuroscience. - 0306-4522 .- 1873-7544. ; 119:1, s. 113-120
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are partly misused by males in order to become brave and intoxicated and these agents are highly associated with psychosis, disinhibition, aggression and acts of violence. Since such behavioral states have been related to an imbalanced serotonergic system and the involvement of the serotonergic 5HT(1B) and the 5HT(2) receptors, it was important to discern the impact of AAS on these receptors. The objective of our study was to investigate the effects of 2 weeks of treatment with the AAS nandrolone decanoate at three different doses (1, 5, 15 mg/kg/day) on the total specific binding of the radioligands [(125)I]-(+/-)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) (5HT(2) receptors) by autoradiography. All doses caused a significant down-regulation of the 5HT(1B) receptor density in the hippocampal CA(1) and in the medial globus pallidus and a significant up-regulation of the 5HT(2) receptor density in the nucleus accumbens shell. Alterations in receptor density were also observed in the lateral globus pallidus, ventromedial hypothalamus, the amygdala and in the intermediate layers of various cortex regions. In conclusion, serotonergic 5HT(1B) or 5HT(2) receptors are likely to play important roles in mediating observed emotional states and behavioral changes among AAS abusers.
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