| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Bertenstam, J, et al.
(författare)
-
THE WAXHOLM APPLICATION DATABASE
- 1995
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes an application database collected in Wizard-of-Oz experiments in a spoken dialogue system, WAXHOLM. The system provides information on boat traffic in the Stockholm archipelago. The database consists of utterance-length speech files, their corressonding transcriptions, and log files of the dialogue sessions. In addition to the spontaneous dialogue speech, the material also comprise recordings of phonetically balanced reference sentences uttered by all 66 subjects. In the paper the recording procedure is described as well as some characteristics of the speech data and the dialogue.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Yaqub, S., et al.
(författare)
-
Aspirin as secondary prevention in colorectal cancer liver metastasis (ASAC trial): study protocol for a multicentre randomized placebo-controlled trial
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Trials. - London, United Kingdom : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6215. ; 22:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Colorectal cancer is one the most common cancers in the western world with increasing incidence. Approximately 50% of the patients develop liver metastases. Resection of liver metastases is the treatment of choice although almost half of the resected patients get recurrence in the liver. Methods The ASAC trial is a Scandinavian, multicentre, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study to determine whether adjuvant treatment with low-dose aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)) can improve disease-free survival in patients treated for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Up to 800 patients operated for CRCLM will be randomized to Arm#1 ASA 160 mg once daily or Arm#2 Placebo, for a period of 3 years or until disease recurrence. The patients will be recruited at all major hepatobiliary surgical units in Norway, Sweden and Denmark and have follow-up according to standard of care and the National Guidelines. Discussion The ASAC trial will be the first clinical interventional trial to assess the potential beneficial role of ASA in recurrence of CRCLM and survival. ASA is an inexpensive, well-tolerated and easily accessible drug that will be highly potential as adjuvant drug in secondary prevention of CRCLM if the study shows a beneficial effect. We will also determine the effect of ASA as adjuvant treatment on Health-Related Quality of Life and the cost-effectiveness.
|
|
| 5. |
- Baker, Maggie, et al.
(författare)
-
Early rearing history influences oxytocin receptor epigenetic regulation in rhesus macaques
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : NATL ACAD SCIENCES. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 114:44, s. 11769-11774
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptations to stress can occur through epigenetic processes and may be a conduit for informing offspring of environmental challenge. We employed ChIP-sequencing for H3K4me3 to examine effects of early maternal deprivation (peer-rearing, PR) in archived rhesus macaque hippocampal samples (male, n = 13). Focusing on genes with roles in stress response and behavior, we assessed the effects of rearing on H3K4me3 binding by ANOVA. We found decreased H3K4me3 binding at genes critical to behavioral stress response, the most robust being the oxytocin receptor gene OXTR, for which we observed a corresponding decrease in RNA expression. Based on this finding, we performed behavioral analyses to deter mine whether a gain-of-function nonsynonymous OXTR SNP inter acted with early stress to influence relevant behavioral stress reactivity phenotypes (n = 194), revealing that this SNP partially rescued the PR phenotype. PR infants exhibited higher levels of separation anxiety and arousal in response to social separation, but infants carrying the alternative OXTR allele did not exhibit as great a separation response. These data indicate that the oxytocin system is involved in social-separation response and suggest that epigenetic down-modulation of OXTR could contribute to behavior al differences observed in PR animals. Epigenetic changes at OXTR may represent predictive adaptive responses that could impart readiness to respond to environmental challenge or maintain proximity to a caregiver but also contribute to behavioral pathology. Our data also demonstrate that OXTR polymorphism can permit animals to partially overcome the detrimental effects of early maternal deprivation, which could have translational implications for human psychiatric disorders.
|
|
| 6. |
- Davis, Robert J, et al.
(författare)
-
Determination of energy level alignment at interfaces of hybrid and organic solar cells under ambient environment
- 2011
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 0959-9428. ; 21:6, s. 1721-1729
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Device function in organic electronics is critically governed by the transport of charge across interfaces of dissimilar materials. Accurate measurements of energy level positions in organic electronic devices are therefore necessary for assessing the viability of new materials and optimizing device performance. In contrast to established methods that are used in solution or vacuum environments, here we combine Kelvin probe measurements performed in ambient environments to obtain work function values with photoelectron spectroscopy in air to obtain ionization potential, so that a complete energy level diagram for organic semiconductors can be determined. We apply this new approach to study commonly used electron donor and acceptor materials in organic photovoltaics (OPV), including poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), and ZnO, as well as examine new materials. Band alignments across the entire OPV devices are constructed and compared with actual device performance. The ability to determine interfacial electronic properties in the devices enables us to answer the outstanding question: why previous attempts to make OPV devices using 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) (TIPS)-pentacene as the electron donor were not successful.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Hoglund, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Microsatellite markers reveal the potential for kin selection on black grouse leks
- 1999
-
Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES. - : ROYAL SOC LONDON. - 0962-8452. ; 266:1421, s. 813-816
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The evolution of social behaviour has puzzled biologists since Darwin. Since Hamilton's theoretical work in the 1960s it has been realized that social behaviour may evolve through the effects of kinship. By helping relatives, an individual may pass on its
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Jacobs, Susan S., et al.
(författare)
-
Home oxygen therapy for adults with chronic lung disease an official american thoracic society clinical practice guideline
- 2020
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - 1073-449X. ; 202:10, s. 121-141
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Evidence-based guidelines are needed for effective delivery of home oxygen therapy to appropriate patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Methods: The multidisciplinary panel created six research questions using a modified Delphi approach. A systematic review of the literature was completed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to formulate clinical recommendations. Recommendations: The panel found varying quality and availability of evidence and made the following judgments: 1) strong recommendations for long-term oxygen use in patients with COPD (moderate-quality evidence) or ILD (low-quality evidence) with severe chronic resting hypoxemia, 2) a conditional recommendation against long-term oxygen use in patients with COPD with moderate chronic resting hypoxemia, 3) conditional recommendations for ambulatory oxygen use in patients with COPD (moderate-quality evidence) or ILD (low-quality evidence) with severe exertional hypoxemia, 4) a conditional recommendation for ambulatory liquidoxygen use in patients who are mobile outside the home and require .3 L/min of continuous-flow oxygen during exertion (very-lowquality evidence), and 5) a recommendation that patients and their caregivers receive education on oxygen equipment and safety (bestpractice statement). Conclusions: These guidelines provide the basis for evidence-based use of home oxygen therapy in adults with COPD or ILD but also highlight the need for additional research to guide clinical practice.
|
|
| 11. |
- Lindell, Lina, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Journey to the destination: a circular tourism economy : a training program for the hospitality industry to facilitate a transition towards increased circularity in the South Baltic Region
- 2019
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Being aware of the extent of the tourism industry and that it is ever growing, which is also encouraged in many individual countries by the national and regional governments, it is evident that the tourism industry is an essential target group for introducing circular concepts and implementing circular solutions. Yet, this sector has so far received little attention in the literature and initiatives on circularity.Circular Economy (CE) goes beyond “green” or “environmental”, it includes all aspects of a community and challenges us to create solutions that are completely different from what we are used to. It also invites us to open up and interact with other stakeholders and the general public.In your hands is the first training material in circular economy specifically developed for small to medium sized companies of the tourism industry in the South Baltic Region. It is a small but important step in the direction towards circularity and a wellbeing society. Through this work we have shown that despite cultural challenges and regional differences there is a shared, common interest in making tourism more sustainable and even to work together towards a transformation of the hospitality industry. This common vision has been stronger than the challenges we faced in making this work and this is what will ensure the continued growing awareness on circularity and its integration in different sectors in our communities. In this work we have featured some of the groundbreaking experts in this field, and some of the first good practices from our regions. They are all courageous pioneers in a field that with time will become the norm. In fact, in the 10th Annual Forum of the EU strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (12-13/6/2019, Gdansk, Poland), CE was highlighted as the pathway to reach prosperity and wellbeing in the Baltic Sea Region.
|
|
| 12. |
- Långberg, Marie, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
-
Lateral variation of the native passive film on super duplex stainless steel resolved by synchrotron hard X-ray photoelectron emission microscopy
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Corrosion Science. - Stockholm, : Elsevier BV. - 0010-938X .- 1879-0496. ; 174
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A native passive film on 25Cr-7Ni super duplex stainless steel was analyzed using synchrotron hard X-ray photoemission electron microscopy, focusing on variations between individual grains of ferrite and austenite phases. The film consists of an oxide inner layer and an oxyhydroxide outer layer, in total 2.3 nm thick. The Cr content is higher in the outer than the inner layer, ca. 80 % on average. The Cr content is higher on ferrite than austenite, whereas the thickness is rather uniform. The grain orientation has a small but detectable influence, ferrite (111) grains have a lower Cr content than other ferrite grains.
|
|
| 13. |
- Schwandt, Melanie L., et al.
(författare)
-
Gene-Environment Interactions and Response to Social Intrusion in Male and Female Rhesus Macaques
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 67:4, s. 323-330
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Genetic factors interact with environmental stressors to moderate risk for human psychopathology, but sex may also be an important mediating factor. Different strategies for coping with environmental stressors have evolved in males and females, and these differences may underlie the differential prevalence of certain types of psychopathology in the two sexes. In this study, we investigated the possibility of sex-specific gene-environment interactions in a nonhuman primate model of response to social threat. Methods: Rhesus macaques (77 males and 106 females) were exposed to an unfamiliar conspecific. Using factor analysis, we identified three behavioral factors characterizing the response to social threat. Monkeys were genotyped for the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphism (5-HTTLPR), and the effects of genotype, early life stress, and sex on behavioral responses were evaluated. Results: Factor analysis produced five factors: High-Risk Aggression, Impulsivity/Novelty-Seeking, Gregariousness/Boldness, Harm Avoidance, and Redirected Aggression. Overall, males displayed higher levels of High-Risk Aggression and Gregariousness/Boldness than females. Levels of High-Risk Aggression in males carrying the s allele were significantly higher if they were also exposed to early adversity in the form of peer rearing. Conclusions: Our findings support those from studies in humans suggesting that males are more vulnerable to externalizing or aggression-related disorders. The results highlight the importance of interactions that exist among behavior, genes, and the environment and suggest that sex differences in vulnerability to psychopathology may be grounded in our evolutionary history.
|
|
| 14. |
- Smeele, Hansje P., et al.
(författare)
-
Breast reconstruction timing and modality in context : A cross-sectional study in Uppsala, Maastricht, and Rome
- 2023
-
Ingår i: European journal of plastic surgery. - : Springer. - 0930-343X .- 1435-0130. ; 47:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundWith the development and refinement of techniques most mastectomy patients nowadays are candidates for breast reconstruction. No one surgical technique fits all, however. Treatment choices are driven by patient characteristics and preferences, alongside policy and operational factors. These, in turn, might be expected to differ on several levels of aggregation, for example, countries, regions, and hospitals. The aim of this study was to compare choices for breast reconstruction timing and modality in Uppsala (Sweden), Maastricht (the Netherlands), and Rome (Italy).MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, patients presenting for first-time post-mastectomy breast reconstruction in three teaching hospitals were included. The primary study outcomes were breast reconstruction timing and modality. Covariables were body habitus (i.e., body mass index, waist circumference, and mastectomy weight), health-related quality of life assessed with the BREAST-Q Reconstruction module, patient preferences assessed with a self-constructed questionnaire, and shared decision making assessed with the CollaboRATE questionnaire. Statistical tests were used to compare data across study sites.ResultsSixty-six participants were included. The most common choices for breast reconstruction timing and modality were delayed DIEP flaps in Uppsala (53%), immediate DIEP flaps in Maastricht (44%), and immediate prepectoral implants in Rome (92%). Participants in Rome were much slenderer than participants in Uppsala and Maastricht (mean body mass index 21.6, 26.2, and 26.3 kg/m2, respectively; p < 0.05). Participants in Uppsala and Maastricht highly valued material used for the reconstruction; participants in Rome were significantly more concerned with complications, scars, and recovery duration associated with the reconstruction.ConclusionsThis study shows large differences in choices for breast reconstruction timing and modality in Uppsala, Maastricht, and Rome. Possible reasons for the observed variation include differences in patient characteristics, patient preferences, reconstructive techniques available, and reimbursement.Level of evidenceLevel IV, Therapeutic study.
|
|
| 15. |
- Takala, S., et al.
(författare)
-
Practice patterns in diagnostics, staging, and management strategies of gallbladder cancer among Nordic tertiary centers
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. - : Sage Publications. - 1457-4969 .- 1799-7267. ; 112:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and objective: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare malignancy in the Nordic countries and no common Nordic treatment guidelines exist. This study aimed to characterize the current diagnostic and treatment strategies in the Nordic countries and disclose differences in these strategies. Methods: This was a survey study with a cross-sectional questionnaire of all 19 university hospitals providing curative-intent surgery for GBC in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland. Results: In all Nordic countries except Sweden, neoadjuvant/downstaging chemotherapy was used in GBC patients. In T1b and T2, majority of the centers (15-18/19) performed extended cholecystectomy. In T3, majority of the centers (13/19) performed cholecystectomy with resection of segments 4b and 5. In T4, majority of the centers (12-14/19) chose palliative/oncological care. The centers in Sweden extended lymphadenectomy beyond the hepatoduodenal ligament, whereas all other Nordic centers usually limited lymphadenectomy to the hepatoduodenal ligament. All Nordic centers except those in Norway used adjuvant chemotherapy routinely for GBC. There were no major differences between the Nordic centers in diagnostics and follow-up. Conclusions: The surgical and oncological treatment strategies of GBC vary considerably between the Nordic centers and countries.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Chopin, Thierry, et al.
(författare)
-
Deep-ocean seaweed dumping for carbon sequestration: Questionable, risky, and not the best use of valuable biomass
- 2024
-
Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 7:3, s. 359-364
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deep-ocean seaweed dumping is not an ecological, economical, or ethical answer to climate-change mitigation via carbon “sequestration.” Without sound science and sufficient knowledge on impacts to these fragile ecosystems, it distracts from more rational and effective blue-carbon interventions. We call for a moratorium on sinking seaweeds to deep-ocean ecosystems until its efficacy is established, and there is robust, evidence-based assessment of its environmental, economic, and societal sustainability.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Hutchinson, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Microstructures and hardness of as-quenched martensites (0.1-0.5%C)
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 59:14, s. 5845-5858
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four commercial steels with carbon contents in the range 0.1-0.5 wt.% have been examined in the as-quenched condition using electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and atom probe tomography. The austenite had been deformed 0%, 10% and 30% prior to brine quenching. No influence of this deformation was evident on the martensite hardness or in any of the microstructure measurements. Increasing carbon content showed a well-known marked effect on the hardness but resulted in little refinement in the grain structure of the martensite. All crystal structures were cubic; no evidence of tetragonality was seen even at the highest carbon level but some systematic changes in grain boundary misorientations existed. The content of carbon in true interstitial solid solution deduced from X-ray line shifts was small (similar to 0.02 wt.%), and was independent of the total carbon content in the steel. Atom probe tomography showed that carbon was almost completely segregated to lath boundaries and dislocations but with an increasing density of segregates in the higher carbon steels. Calculations of diffusion distances confirmed that the segregation patterns were compatible with autotempering of the martensite during quenching. Analysis of different possible contributions to strength leads to the conclusion that segregated carbon atoms at defects behave similarly to carbon in true solid solution and that this is the largest single factor controlling the strength of as-quenched martensite. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
- Kälvemark Sporrong, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
-
Challenges in qualitative social pharmacy research : Reflections based on a conference workshop
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy. - : Elsevier. - 1551-7411 .- 1934-8150. ; 18:1, s. 2254-2258
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A methodological debate within social pharmacy is ongoing regarding how to apply a qualitative approach. This paper emanates from a workshop at the Nordic Social Pharmacy Conference in 2019, named 'How do we know it's good? A workshop on quality criteria in qualitative social and clinical pharmacy research', that addressed this debate. The aim of this paper is twofold (1) to present the main key points raised during the workshop and (2) based on these inputs to contribute to the ongoing discussion on qualitative methodology within social pharmacy research. This paper starts with what was discussed at the workshop and further elaborated are some of the challenges with conducting qualitative research within social pharmacy. These include methodological and disciplinary competence and insecurity, reflections on the consequences of that many social pharmacy researchers come from a natural science background and how this (possibly) shapes the practice of qualitative research within the field. For example, how concepts like transparency and saturation, together with checklists and quality criteria are understood and used. Finally, we make suggestions for the next step for qualitative research in social pharmacy.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Lindell, Johan, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
Distinctions in the media welfare state : audience fragmentation in post-egalitarian Sweden
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Media Culture and Society. - : Sage Publications. - 0163-4437 .- 1460-3675. ; 40:5, s. 639-655
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study draws on Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology of culture in order to shed new light on the ongoing fragmentation of media audiences and users. We use a multiple correspondence analysis on national survey data (n = 1604) collected in Sweden in 2015–2016 to (1) create a statistical representation of the contemporary Swedish class structure and proceed to (2) analyze the distribution of a broad range of media practices and media preferences in that space. Results show that social groups reproduce their social status by monopolizing distinct media repertoires. We are able to show that class matters for how people orient themselves in an increasingly high-choice media environment – even in a so-called media welfare state. Following the results of our media-sociological approach, we introduce the concept of audience islands which promotes a non-media-centric understanding of the fragmentation of society and media audiences.
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Lindell, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
Transparent, plastic, low-work-function poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) electrodes
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Chemistry of Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0897-4756 .- 1520-5002. ; 18:18, s. 4246-4252
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel applications for flexible electronics, e.g., displays and solar cells, require fully flexible, transparent, stable, and low-work-function electrodes that can be manufactured via a low-cost process. Here, we demonstrate that surface chemistry constitutes a route to producing transparent low-work-function plastic electrodes. The work function of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-tosylate, or PEDOT-Tos, is decreased by submonolayer surface redox reaction with a strong electron donor, tetrakis-(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE), allowing it to reach a work function of 3.8 eV. The interface formed between TDAE and PEDOT is investigated in a joint experimental and theoretical study using photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. © 2006 American Chemical Society.
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
- Lindell, S. G., et al.
(författare)
-
Intermittent Access to Ethanol Induces Escalated Alcohol Consumption in Primates
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of addictive behaviors, therapy and rehabilitation. - : SciTechnol. - 2324-9005. ; 6:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Escalation of voluntary alcohol drinking is characteristic of alcohol addiction and can be induced in rodents using intermittent access to alcohol. This model has been used to evaluate candidate therapeutics, but key systems involved in the transition into alcohol addiction, such as CRF, differ in their organization between rodents and primates. We examined the ability of an intermittent access schedule to induce escalation of voluntary alcohol drinking in non-human primates and used this model to assess the role of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRF) signaling in this process.
|
|
| 33. |
- Lu, Xi, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of ATF3 as a novel protective signature of quiescent colorectal tumor cells
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Cell Death and Disease. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-4889. ; 14:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of death in the world. In most cases, drug resistance and tumor recurrence are ultimately inevitable. One obstacle is the presence of chemotherapy-insensitive quiescent cancer cells (QCCs). Identification of unique features of QCCs may facilitate the development of new targeted therapeutic strategies to eliminate tumor cells and thereby delay tumor recurrence. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we classified proliferating and quiescent cancer cell populations in the human colorectal cancer spheroid model and identified ATF3 as a novel signature of QCCs that could support cells living in a metabolically restricted microenvironment. RNA velocity further showed a shift from the QCC group to the PCC group indicating the regenerative capacity of the QCCs. Our further results of epigenetic analysis, STING analysis, and evaluation of TCGA COAD datasets build a conclusion that ATF3 can interact with DDIT4 and TRIB3 at the transcriptional level. In addition, decreasing the expression level of ATF3 could enhance the efficacy of 5-FU on CRC MCTS models. In conclusion, ATF3 was identified as a novel marker of QCCs, and combining conventional drugs targeting PCCs with an option to target QCCs by reducing ATF3 expression levels may be a promising strategy for more efficient removal of tumor cells.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
- Sgaramella, Nicola, et al.
(författare)
-
High expression of podoplanin in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue occurs predominantly in patients ≤ 40 years but does not correlate with tumour spread
- 2016
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Pathology: Clinical Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2056-4538. ; 2:1, s. 3-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- More than 30% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the mobile tongue have clinically undetectable lymph node metastasis. Tumour cells can spread as single cells or collectively. A protein known to play a role in both processes is podoplanin, which is expressed in endothelial cells not only in lymph vessels but also in some aggressive tumours with high invasive and metastatic potential. Here we studied samples from 129 patients with primary SCC of the tongue for expression of podoplanin using immunohistochemistry. mRNA levels were analysed in another 27 cases of tongue SCC with adjacent clinically tumour-free tongue tissue and 14 tongue samples from healthy donors. Higher levels of podoplanin were seen in tumours compared to both normal tongue and clinically normal tongue in the tumour vicinity. No association was found between levels of podoplanin, presence of lymph node metastases or other clinical factors. Patients aged 40 or less were more likely to express high levels of podoplanin protein compared to older patients (p 50.027). We conclude that levels of podoplanin in primary tongue SCCs are not associated with lymph node metastases. However, tongue SCCs arising in young patients (40 years of age) are more likely to express high levels of podoplanin than tongue SCCs that arise in the more elderly. The data suggest that podoplanin has a distinctive role in young patients, who are known to have a poor prognosis: these patients may, therefore, benefit from podoplanin inhibitory therapies.
|
|
| 37. |
- Surano, Solmaz, et al.
(författare)
-
Internet-based vestibular rehabilitation versus standard care after acute onset vertigo: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Trials. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6215. ; 23:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Dizziness and vertigo affect around 15% of adults annually and represent common reasons for contacting health services, accounting for around 3% of all emergency department visits worldwide. Vertigo is also associated with excessive use of diagnostic imaging and emergency care and decreased productivity, primarily because of work absenteeism. Vestibular rehabilitation is an evidence-based treatment for chronic dizziness and supervised group exercise therapy has recently been shown to be effective after vestibular neuritis, a common cause of acute onset vertigo. However, such interventions are not readily available and there is a need for more easily accessible tools. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects on vestibular symptoms of a 6-week online vestibular rehabilitation tool after acute onset vertigo, with the aim of aiding vestibular rehabilitation by presenting a more accessible tool that can help to reduce recovery time. Methods: Three hundred twenty individuals diagnosed with acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) will be recruited from multiple hospitals in Sweden and the effects of an online vestibular rehabilitation tool, YrselTraning, on vestibular symptoms after acute onset vertigo will be compared to standard care (written instructions leaflet) in a two-armed, evaluator-blinded, multicenter randomized controlled trial. The primary outcome will be the Vertigo Symptom Scale Short Form (VSS-SF) score at 6 weeks after symptom onset. Secondary outcomes include effects of the intervention on activities of daily living, mood and anxiety, vestibular function recovery, mobility measures, health economic effects, and the reliability of the Swedish VSS-SF translation. Discussion: Participants using the online vestibular rehabilitation tool are expected to recover earlier and to a greater extent from their symptoms as compared to standard care. Since up to 50% of people with AVS without treatment develop persistent symptoms, effective treatment of AVS will likely lead to a higher quality of life and help reduce the societal costs associated with dizziness and vertigo.
|
|
| 38. |
- Westergren Jakobsson, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
-
Iron Chelator VLX600 Inhibits Mitochondrial Respiration and Promotes Sensitization of Neuroblastoma Cells in Nutrition-Restricted Conditions
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 14:13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MYC proteins are essential regulators which could affect more than 15% of all genes through an interaction with other transcription factors. High-risk neuroblastoma associated with treatment failure is characterized by amplification of the MYCN proto-oncogene. Here, we show for the first time that the iron chelator VLX600 inhibits mitochondrial activity and induces cell death, regardless of MYCN status in neuroblastoma cells. Blocking glucose uptake enhances the effect of VLX600, indicating that targeting pathways or cellular activities related to energy supply/metabolism may help to find better therapeutic strategy for neuroblastoma.Neuroblastoma, the most common solid tumor in children, is characterized by amplification of the MYCN proto-oncogene, a high-risk aggressive clinical marker associated with treatment failure. MYCN plays an important role in cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and chemoresistance. Here, we show for the first time that in neuroblastoma, iron chelator VLX600 inhibits mitochondrial respiration, decreases expression levels of MYCN/LMO1, and induces an efficient cell death regardless of MYCN status in both 2D and 3D culture conditions. Moreover, insufficient induction of autophagy was observed in cells treated with VLX600, which is essential as a protective response in the event of ATP synthesis disruption. Further inhibition of glucose uptake using DRB18, a pan-GLUT (glucose transporter) inhibitor, synergized the effect of VLX600 and no significant cell death was found in immortalized epithelial cells under this combination treatment. Our results demonstrate that inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by iron chelator VLX600 accompanied by autophagy deficiency promotes sensitivity of neuroblastoma cells in a nutrition-restricted microenvironment regardless of MYCN status, indicating that MYCN expression level is an essential clinical marker but might not be a necessary target for the treatment of neuroblastoma which warrants further investigation. VLX600 has been studied in Phase I clinical trials; combining VLX600 with conventional chemotherapy could be an innovative therapeutic strategy for neuroblastoma.
|
|
| 39. |
- Zimmerman, Jordan J, et al.
(författare)
-
Riveting hammer vibration damages mechanosensory nerve endings
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of the peripheral nervous system. - : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 1085-9489 .- 1529-8027. ; 25:3, s. 279-287
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims Hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) is an irreversible neurodegenerative, vasospastic and musculoskeletal occupational disease of workers using powered hand tools. The etiology is poorly understood. Neurological symptoms include numbness, tingling and pain. This study examines impact hammer vibration-induced injury and recoverability of hair mechanosensory innervation. Methods Rat tails were vibrated 12?min/d for 5 wk followed by 5 wk recovery with synchronous non-vibrated controls. Nerve fibers were PGP9.5 immunostained. Lanceolate complex innervation was compared quantitatively in vibrated vs sham. Vibration peak acceleration magnitudes were characterized by frequency power spectral analysis. Results Average magnitude (2515?m/s2, rms) in kHz frequencies was 109 times that (23?m/s2) in low Hz. Percentage of hairs innervated by lanceolate complexes was 69.1% in 5wk sham and 53.4% in 5wk vib generating a denervation difference of 15.7% higher in vibration. Hair innervation was 76.9% in 5wk recovery sham and 62.0% in 5wk recovery vibration producing a denervation difference 14.9% higher in recovery vibration. Lanceolate number per complex (18.4?±?0.2) after vibration remained near sham (19.3?±?0.3), but 44.9% of lanceolate complexes were abnormal in 5 wk vibrated compared to 18.8% in sham. Interpretation The largest vibration energies are peak kHz accelerations (~?100?000?m/s2) from shock waves. The existing ISO 5349-1 standard excludes kHz vibrations, seriously underestimating vibration injury risk. The present study validates the rat-tail, impact hammer vibration as a model for investigating irreversible nerve damage. Persistence of higher denervation difference after 5-week recovery suggests repeated vibration injury destroys the capability of lanceolate nerve endings to regenerate.
|
|
| 40. |
- Åberg, Maria A I, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Selective introduction of antisense oligonucleotides into single adult CNS progenitor cells using electroporation demonstrates the requirement of STAT3 activation for CNTF-induced gliogenesis
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Mol Cell Neurosci. - : Elsevier BV. ; 17:3, s. 426-43
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a novel method in which antisense DNA is selectively electroporated into individual adult neural progenitor cells. By electroporation of antisense oligonucleotides against signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) we demonstrate that ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is an instructive signal for astroglial type 2 cell fate specifically mediated via activation of STAT3. Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway induced only a transient increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, and inhibition of this signaling pathway did not block the induction by CNTF of glial differentiation in progenitor cells. In addition we show that microelectroporation is a new powerful method for introducing antisense agents into single cells in complex cellular networks.
|
|
