| 1. |
- Heinze, Karolin, et al.
(författare)
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Validated biomarker assays confirm ARID1A loss is confounded with MMR deficiency, CD8 TIL infiltration, and provides no independent prognostic value in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas.
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Journal of pathology. - : Wiley. - 1096-9896 .- 0022-3417. ; 256:4, s. 388-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ARID1A (BAF250a) is a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin modifying complex, plays an important tumour suppressor role, and is considered prognostic in several malignancies. However, in ovarian carcinomas there are contradictory reports on its relationship to outcome, immune response, and correlation with clinicopathological features. We assembled a series of 1,623 endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas, including 1,078 endometrioid (ENOC) and 545 clear cell (CCOC) ovarian carcinomas through combining resources of the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis (OTTA) Consortium, the Canadian Ovarian Unified Experimental Resource (COEUR), local, and collaborative networks. Validated immunohistochemical surrogate assays for ARID1A mutations were applied to all samples. We investigated associations between ARID1A loss/mutation, clinical features, outcome, CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8+ TIL), and DNA mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd). ARID1A loss was observed in 42% of CCOC and 25% of ENOC. We found no associations between ARID1A loss and outcomes, stage, age, or CD8+ TIL status in CCOC. Similarly, we found no association with outcome or stage in endometrioid cases. In ENOC, ARID1A loss was more prevalent in younger patients (p=0.012), and associated with MMRd (p<0.001), and presence of CD8+ TIL (p=0.008). Consistent with MMRd being causative of ARID1A mutations, in a subset of ENOC we also observed an association between ARID1A loss-of-function mutation as a result of small indels (p=0.035, versus single nucleotide variants). In ENOC, the association between ARID1A loss, CD8+ TIL, and age, appears confounded by MMRd status. Although this observation does not explicitly rule out a role for ARID1A influence on CD8+ TIL infiltration in ENOC, given current knowledge regarding MMRd, it seems more likely that effects are dominated by the hypermutation phenotype. This large dataset with consistently applied biomarker assessment now provides a benchmark for the prevalence of ARID1A loss-of-function mutations in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers and brings clarity to the prognostic significance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Semb, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
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A Scandcleft randomised trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: 1. Planning and management.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2000-656X .- 2000-6764. ; 51:1, s. 2-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Longstanding uncertainty surrounds the selection of surgical protocols for the closure of unilateral cleft lip and palate, and randomised trials have only rarely been performed. This paper is an introduction to three randomised trials of primary surgery for children born with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). It presents the protocol developed for the trials in CONSORT format, and describes the management structure that was developed to achieve the long-term engagement and commitment required to complete the project.METHOD: Ten established national or regional cleft centres participated. Lip and soft palate closure at 3-4 months, and hard palate closure at 12 months served as a common method in each trial. Trial 1 compared this with hard palate closure at 36 months. Trial 2 compared it with lip closure at 3-4 months and hard and soft palate closure at 12 months. Trial 3 compared it with lip and hard palate closure at 3-4 months and soft palate closure at 12 months. The primary outcomes were speech and dentofacial development, with a series of perioperative and longer-term secondary outcomes.RESULTS: Recruitment of 448 infants took place over a 9-year period, with 99.8% subsequent retention at 5 years.CONCLUSION: The series of reports that follow this introductory paper include comparisons at age 5 of surgical outcomes, speech outcomes, measures of dentofacial development and appearance, and parental satisfaction. The outcomes recorded and the numbers analysed for each outcome and time point are described in the series.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN29932826.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Grövdal, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Maintenance treatment with azacytidine for patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukaemia following MDS in complete remission after induction chemotherapy
- 2010
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 150:3, s. 293-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This prospective Phase II study is the first to assess the feasibility and efficacy of maintenance 5-azacytidine for older patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia and MDS-acute myeloid leukaemia syndromes in complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy. Sixty patients were enrolled and treated by standard induction chemotherapy. Patients that reached CR started maintenance therapy with subcutaneous azacytidine, 5/28 d until relapse. Promoter-methylation status of CDKN2B (P15 ink4b), CDH1 and HIC1 was examined pre-induction, in CR and 6, 12 and 24 months post CR. Twenty-four (40%) patients achieved CR after induction chemotherapy and 23 started maintenance treatment with azacytidine. Median CR duration was 13.5 months, >24 months in 17% of the patients, and 18-30.5 months in the four patients with trisomy 8. CR duration was not associated with CDKN2B methylation status or karyotype. Median overall survival was 20 months. Hypermethylation of CDH1 was significantly associated with low CR rate, early relapse, and short overall survival (P = 0.003). 5-azacytidine treatment, at a dose of 60 mg/m(2) was well tolerated. Grade III-IV thrombocytopenia and neutropenia occurred after 9.5 and 30% of the cycles, respectively, while haemoglobin levels increased during treatment. 5-azacytidine treatment is safe, feasible and may be of benefit in a subset of patients.
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| 5. |
- Grövdal, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Negative effect of DNA hypermethylation on the outcome of intensive chemotherapy in older patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia following myelodysplastic syndrome
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 13:23, s. 7107-7112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Promoter hypermethylation of, for example, tumor-suppressor genes, is considered to be an important step in cancerogenesis and a negative risk factor for survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); however, its role for response to therapy has not been determined. This study was designed to assess the effect of methylation status on the outcome of conventional induction chemotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Sixty patients with high-risk MDS or acute myeloid leukemia following MDS were treated with standard doses of daunorubicin and 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Standard prognostic variables and methylation status of the P15(ink4b) (P15), E-cadherin (CDH), and hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC) genes were analyzed before treatment. RESULTS: Forty percent of the patients achieved complete remission (CR). CR rate was lower in patients with high WBC counts (P = 0.03) and high CD34 expression on bone marrow cells (P = 0.02). Whereas P15 status alone was not significantly associated with CR rate (P = 0.25), no patient with hypermethylation of all three genes achieved CR (P = 0.03). Moreover, patients with CDH methylation showed a significantly lower CR rate (P = 0.008), and CDH methylation retained its prognostic value also in the multivariate analysis. Hypermethylation was associated with increased CD34 expression, but not with other known predictive factors for response, such as cytogenetic profile. CONCLUSIONS: We show for the first time a significant effect of methylation status on the outcome of conventional chemotherapy in high-risk MDS and acute myelogenous leukemia following MDS. Provided confirmed in an independent study, our results should be used as a basis for therapeutic decision-making in this patient group.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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HMGB1 in severe soft tissue infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2235-2988. ; 4:Jan 30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracellular High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) has been associated with acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. However, little is known about HMGB1 in necrotizing bacterial infections. We hypothesized that the local HMGB1 response is excessive in severe soft tissue infections (STIs), which are characterized by necrosis and hyperinflammation. To explore this, tissue biopsies were collected from patients with varying severity of Streptococcus pyogenes skin and STIs, including erysipelas, cellulitis, and necrotizing fasciitis. Tissue sections were immunostained for HMGB1, S. pyogenes, and inflammatory cell infiltrates and results quantified by acquired computerized image analysis (ACIA). HMGB1 expression increased in parallel to disease severity and was significantly higher in necrotizing fasciitis than in erysipelas (p = 0.0023). Confocal microscopy of sections co-stained for HMGB1 and cell markers revealed both extracellular and cytoplasmic HMGB1, the latter of which was found predominantly in macrophages. To further verify macrophages as main source of activation triggered HMGB1 release, human macrophages were infected with clinical S. pyogenes isolates. The results demonstrated infection triggered release of HMGB1. Dual staining's visualized HMGB1 in areas close to, but not overlapping, with neutrophils, indicating a potential chemotactic role. In vitro transmigration experiments showed a chemotactic effect of HMGB1 on neutrophils. The data furthermore provided in vivo support that HGMB1 may form immunostimulatory complexes with IL-1β. Taken together, the findings provide the first in vivo evidence that HMGB1 is abundant at the local site of severe bacterial STIs and its levels correlated to severity of infections; hence, indicating its potential value as a biomarker for tissue pathology.
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| 7. |
- Josefsson, Andreas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating Tumor Cells as a Marker for Progression-free Survival in Metastatic Castration-naïve Prostate Cancer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Prostate. - : Wiley. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 77:8, s. 849-858
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTC) is a promising prognostic marker in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The aim of this study was to investigate CTC detection and phenotyping as prognostic biomarkers for response to primary androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) of metastatic prostate cancer (PC). METHODS: PC patients presenting with a prostate specific antigen (PSA) >80 ng/ml and/or metastatic disease, intended for ADT were enrolled in the study. CTCs were analysed for expression of PSA prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) before and three months after ADT and related to progression. RESULTS: At inclusion, 46 out of 53 patients (87%) were CTC-positive with a sensitivity and specificity for distant metastases (M1) of 98% and 75%, respectively. In patients with M1-disease, EGFR-detection in CTC was an independent prognostic marker for progression-free survival, whereas PSA and alkaline phosphatase serum levels, Gleason score, or T-stage were not. EGFR-positive patients had significantly shorter time to progression (5 months) compared to EGFR-negative patients (11 months) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this explorative study, CTCs were detected in 98% of M1 patients and detection of EGFR in CTCs was strongly associated with poor outcome, which indicated that phenotypical analysis of CTC could be a promising prognostic marker of ADT-response in castration-naïve metastatic PC patients. Prostate 77:849–858, 2017.
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| 8. |
- Lindahl, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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Zebrafish tumour xenograft models: a prognostic approach to epithelial ovarian cancer
- 2024
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Ingår i: npj Precision Oncology. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2397-768X. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the gynaecological malignancy with highest mortality. Although adjuvant treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel leads to an objective response in similar to 80% of these patients, a majority will relapse within two years. Better methods for assessing long-term treatment outcomes are needed. To address this, we established safe and efficacious doses of carboplatin and paclitaxel using IGROV-1 zebrafish-CDX models. Then fluorescently-labelled cell suspensions from 83 tumour biopsies collected at exploratory laparotomy of women with suspected EOC were generated and 37 (45%) were successfully implanted in zebrafish larvae. Among these 19 of 27 pathology-confirmed EOC samples (70%) engrafted. These zebrafish patient-derived tumour xenograft (ZTX) models were treated with carboplatin or paclitaxel and tumour growth/regression and metastatic dissemination were recorded. In a subgroup of nine patients, four ZTX models regressed during carboplatin treatment. All four corresponding patients had > 24 months PFS. Furthermore, both ZTX models established from two patients having < 24 months PFS failed to regress during carboplatin treatment. Seven of eight models seeding < 6 metastatic cells were established from patients having > 24 months PFS. In eleven of fourteen patients, FIGO stage I + II or III tumours gave rise to ZTX models seeding < 4 or > 4 metastatic cells, respectively. In conclusion, ZTX models predicted patients having > 24 or < 24 months PFS, based on response/no response to carboplatin. Furthermore, high metastatic dissemination in ZTX models correlated to shorter PFS and more advanced disease at diagnosis. These preliminary results suggest that ZTX models could become a useful prognostic tool in EOC treatment planning.
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| 9. |
- Snäll, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Differential neutrophil responses to bacterial stimuli: Streptococcal strains are potent inducers of heparin-binding protein and resistin-release.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutrophils are critical for the control of bacterial infections, but they may also contribute to disease pathology. Here we explore neutrophil responses, in particular the release of sepsis-associated factors heparin-binding protein (HBP) and resistin in relation to specific bacterial stimuli and sepsis of varying aetiology. Analyses of HBP and resistin in plasma of septic patients revealed elevated levels as compared to non-infected critically ill patients. HBP and resistin correlated significantly in septic patients, with the strongest association seen in group A streptococcal (GAS) cases. In vitro stimulation of human neutrophils revealed that fixed streptococcal strains induced significantly higher release of HBP and resistin, as compared to Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli. Similarly, neutrophils stimulated with the streptococcal M1-protein showed a significant increase in co-localization of HBP and resistin positive granules as well as exocytosis of these factors, as compared to LPS. Using a GAS strain deficient in M1-protein expression had negligible effect on neutrophil activation, while a strain deficient in the stand-alone regulator MsmR was significantly less stimulatory as compared to its wild type strain. Taken together, the findings suggest that the streptococcal activation of neutrophils is multifactorial and involves, but is not limited to, proteins encoded by the FCT-locus.
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| 10. |
- Ade, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The Simons Observatory : science goals and forecasts
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the scientific goals of the experiment, motivate the design, and forecast its performance. SO will measure the temperature and polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background in six frequency bands centered at: 27, 39, 93, 145, 225 and 280 GHz. The initial con figuration of SO will have three small-aperture 0.5-m telescopes and one large-aperture 6-m telescope, with a total of 60,000 cryogenic bolometers. Our key science goals are to characterize the primordial perturbations, measure the number of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, test for deviations from a cosmological constant, improve our understanding of galaxy evolution, and constrain the duration of reionization. The small aperture telescopes will target the largest angular scales observable from Chile, mapping approximate to 10% of the sky to a white noise level of 2 mu K-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, to measure the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, at a target level of sigma(r) = 0.003. The large aperture telescope will map approximate to 40% of the sky at arcminute angular resolution to an expected white noise level of 6 mu K-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, overlapping with the majority of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope sky region and partially with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. With up to an order of magnitude lower polarization noise than maps from the Planck satellite, the high-resolution sky maps will constrain cosmological parameters derived from the damping tail, gravitational lensing of the microwave background, the primordial bispectrum, and the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects, and will aid in delensing the large-angle polarization signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The survey will also provide a legacy catalog of 16,000 galaxy clusters and more than 20,000 extragalactic sources.
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| 11. |
- Akimoto, Chizuru, et al.
(författare)
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No GGGGCC-hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 in parkinsonism patients in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration. - : Informa Healthcare. - 2167-8421 .- 2167-9223. ; 14:1, s. 26-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An intronic GGGGCC-hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 was recently identified as a major cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Some amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients have signs of parkinsonism, and many parkinsonism patients develop dementia. In this study we examined if the hexanucleotide repeat expansion was present in parkinsonism patients, to clarify if there could be a relationship between the repeat expansion and disease. We studied the size of the hexanucleotide repeat expansion in a well defined population-based cohort of 135 Parkinson's disease patients and 39 patients with atypical parkinsonism and compared with 645 Swedish control subjects. We found no correlation between Parkinson's disease or atypical parkinsonism and the size of the GGGGCC repeat expansion in C9ORF72. In conclusion, this GGGGCC-repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is not a cause of parkinsonism in the Swedish population.
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| 12. |
- Anund, Anna, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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FERSI position paper: Safety through automation? : ensuring that automated and connected driving contribute to a safer transportation system
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 8th Transport Research Arena TRA 2020. ; , s. 5-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 2018, the Forum of European Road Safety Research Institutes (FERSI) published a report on automated driving (AD) from a road safety point of view, prepared by a dedicated FERSI Working Group with experts from eleven European countries. The group identified 23 high priority concerns or questions, clustered into four categories, to ensure that connected AD and co-operative ITS successfully contribute to a smart, green, and integrated transport system which at the same time is a safe transport system. The discussions resulted in ten principles to be fulfilled in order to optimise the safety effects of AD. Even if these principles may seem straightforward, the underlying questions are complex, and the identification and realisation of cost-efficient and effective solutions will require considerable effort. Many strong industrial and political driving forces exist, but so far improving road safety seems to get insufficient priority. FERSI therefore recommends a number of focused actions.
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| 13. |
- Apitzsch, Sabine, et al.
(författare)
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The physical and mental impact of surviving sepsis – a qualitative study of experiences and perceptions among a Swedish sample
- 2021
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Ingår i: Archives of Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0778-7367 .- 2049-3258. ; 79:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sepsis is a critical illness with high morbidity and mortality rates. Each year, sepsis affects about 48.9 million people all over the world. This study aims to illuminate how sepsis survivors experience sepsis and the impact of sepsis, as well as the health-related quality of life thereafter. Methods: An interview study with eight sepsis survivors was carried out in Sweden with an inductive qualitative method. The data were analyzed with content analysis. Results: Four themes were identified during the analysis; The experience of health care and being a sepsis patient, New circumstances´ impact on life, Family and social interactions, and The psychological impact on life. The lack of information about how sepsis can impact the survivors’ lives and what to expect can lead to prolonged agony. The long recovery time comes as an unexpected and unpleasant surprise to those affected. Initially, the sepsis survivors are almost euphoric that they have survived, which can later lead to chock and trauma when they realize that they could have died. This insight needs to be processed in order to reach reconciliation with life after sepsis. Conclusion: Sepsis has a huge impact on both physical and mental aspects of life. Many survivors suffer from persistent residual symptoms of varying degrees, to which they have to adapt. The sepsis survivors need individually adjusted information about the sepsis recovery trajectory, and what to expect during and after the hospital stay.
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| 14. |
- Barone, Angela, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Sialyl-Lactotetra as a Marker for Epithelial Ovarian Tumors
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oncology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2234-943X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ovarian carcinoma is a heterogeneous disease with distinct molecular and histological profiles, ranging from low grade atypia to highly aggressive tumors associated with a poor prognosis. In the present study, glycosphingolipids were isolated from human high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, whereby the novel stem cell marker Sialyl-lactotetra (S-Lc(4)) was characterized in two out of three cases. The presence and level of S-Lc(4)was further evaluated immunohistochemically in a cohort of patients with ovarian tumors ranging from benign lesions to high grade serous carcinoma (n= 478). Its expression was assessed in association with tumor grade, stage, histology, and survival. The data showed that S-Lc(4)is most common and highly expressed in borderline type tumors and carcinomas with low levels of aggressiveness, such as mucinous, endometrioid, and low grade serous. Accordingly, S-Lc(4)-positivity was associated with better disease-free survival. The expression of S-Lc(4)was seemingly associated with lineage continuity and could be traced from premalignant lesions to carcinoma, suggesting inheritance by a stem cell lineage that gives rise to generally indolent tumors.
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| 15. |
- Blomstedt, Patric, et al.
(författare)
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Deep brain stimulation in the caudal zona incerta versus best medical treatment in patients with Parkinson's disease : a randomised blinded evaluation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 89:7, s. 710-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Several open-label studies have shown good effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the caudal zona incerta (cZi) on tremor, including parkinsonian tremor, and in some cases also a benefit on akinesia and axial symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate objectively the effect of cZi DBS in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Method: 25 patients with PD were randomised to either cZi DBS or best medical treatment. The primary outcomes were differences between the groups in the motor scores of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) rated single-blindly at 6 months and differences in the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire 39 items (PDQ-39). 19 patients, 10 in the medical arm and 9 in the DBS arm, fulfilled the study.Results: The DBS group had 41% better UPDRS-III scores off-medication on-stimulation compared with baseline, whereas the scores of the non-surgical patients off-medication were unchanged. In the on-medication condition, there were no differences between the groups, neither at baseline nor at 6 months. Subitems of the UPDRS-III showed a robust effect of cZi DBS on tremor. The PDQ-39 domains 'stigma' and 'ADL' improved only in the DBS group. The PDQ-39 summary index improved in both groups.Conclusion: This is the first randomised blinded evaluation of cZi DBS showing its efficacy on PD symptoms. The most striking effect was on tremor; however, the doses of dopaminergic medications could not be decreased. cZi DBS in PD may be an addition to existing established targets, enabling tailoring the surgery to the needs of the individual patient.
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| 16. |
- Blomstedt, Patric, et al.
(författare)
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Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus versus the zona incerta in the treatment of essential tremor
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Neurochirurgica. - Wien : Springer. - 0001-6268 .- 0942-0940. ; 153:12, s. 2329-2335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for essential tremor (ET). Currently the ventrolateral thalamus is the target of choice, but the posterior subthalamic area (PSA), including the caudal zona incerta (cZi), has demonstrated promising results, and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been suggested as a third alternative. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of STN DBS in ET and to compare this to cZi DBS. Methods: Four patients with ET were implanted with two ipsilateral electrodes, one in the STN and one in the cZi. All contacts were evaluated concerning the acute effect on tremor, and the effect of chronic DBS in either target was analyzed. Results: STN and cZi both proved to be potent targets for DBS in ET. DBS in the cZi was more efficient, since the same degree of tremor reduction could here be achieved at lower energy consumption. Three patients became tremor-free in the treated hand with either STN or cZi DBS, while the fourth had a minor residual tremor after stimulation in either target. Conclusion: In this limited material, STN DBS was demonstrated to be an efficient treatment for ET, even though cZi DBS was more efficient. The STN may be an alternative target in the treatment of ET, pending further investigations to decide on the relative merits of the different targets.
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| 17. |
- Brunow, Dagmar, Prof. Dr. 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Curating queer memory work : site-specific and online exhibitions at SAQMI – The Swedish Archive for Queer Moving Images
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Queer film has always existed outside national frameworks, it has always crossed borders and has been circulated internationally and locally, in kinship networks. How does queer film circulate today locally, beyond Netflix or international film festivals? SAQMI – The Swedish Archive for Queer Moving Images, founded in 2017 by artist and curator Anna Linder, offers a useful example to think about ways of navigating local spaces/places and transnational audiovisual heritage. SAQMI is a platform for queer moving images that combines IRL events on location with digitized content available worldwide online. Highlighting experimental filmmaking, it employs documentation, interviews, archiving, screenings, presentations, workshops, and discussions. As memory studies have taught us, storage alone is not memory. Memory requires circulation, and histories, narratives, and heritage are always re-constituted in the process of reception. This makes SAQMI an interesting case, as it is a living archive, dedicating itself to the (re-)circulation of queer moving images from various decades. Its curatorial practice excavates layers of queer history and situates them in a specific space, unveiling different temporalities. This talk will present the curatorial practice of SAQMI and its (dis)located memory work.
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| 18. |
- Carlsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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EvaRID : A 50th percentile female rear impact finite element dummy model
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 IRCOBI Conference Proceedings. - : International Research Council on Biomechanics of Injury. ; , s. 249-262, s. 249-262
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neck injury due to low severity vehicle crashes is of worldwide concern and the injury risk is greater for females than males. However, whiplash protection systems have shown to be more beneficial for males than females. Hence there is a need for improved tools to address female protection. The objective is to develop and evaluate a 50th percentile female rear impact crash dummy FE model. The model was based on the same design concept as the BioRID II. A scaling approach was developed and the first version, EvaRID V1.0, was implemented. Its dynamic response was compared to rear impact tests with female volunteers. The EvaRID model and volunteer tests showed good correlations until 250 ms of the head and T1 accelerations, linear displacements and head angular displacement. Considerably less T1 angular displacement was found for the EvaRID; similar results were obtained for the BioRID II. Thus, the EvaRID V1.0 and BioRID II models have limitations at low ÎŽv (7km/h). The EvaRID model demonstrated the potential to become a valuable tool when evaluating and developing seats/whiplash protection systems, however, this will require updating the joint stiffness. The model may be used as a template for the development of a physical female dummy.
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| 19. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Anthropometric Specifications, Development, and Evaluation of EvaRID : A 50th Percentile Female Rear Impact Finite Element Dummy Model
- 2014
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Ingår i: Traffic Injury Prevention. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1538-9588 .- 1538-957X. ; 15:8, s. 855-865
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Whiplash-associated disorders (WADs), or whiplash injuries, due to low-severity vehicle crashes are of great concern in motorized countries and it is well established that the risk of such injuries is higher for females than for males, even in similar crash conditions. Recent protective systems have been shown to be more beneficial for males than for females. Hence, there is a need for improved tools to address female WAD prevention when developing and evaluating the performance of whiplash protection systems. The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate a finite element model of a 50th percentile female rear impact crash test dummy.Methods: The anthropometry of the 50th percentile female was specified based on literature data. The model, called EvaRID (female rear impact dummy), was based on the same design concept as the existing 50th percentile male rear impact dummy, the BioRID II. A scaling approach was developed and the first version, EvaRID V1.0, was implemented. Its dynamic response was compared to female volunteer data from rear impact sled tests.Results: The EvaRID V1.0 model and the volunteer tests compared well until ~250 ms of the head and T1 forward accelerations and rearward linear displacements and of the head rearward angular displacement. Markedly less T1 rearward angular displacement was found for the EvaRID model compared to the female volunteers. Similar results were received for the BioRID II model when comparing simulated responses with experimental data under volunteer loading conditions. The results indicate that the biofidelity of the EvaRID V1.0 and BioRID II FE models have limitations, predominantly in the T1 rearward angular displacement, at low velocity changes (7 km/h). The BioRID II model was validated against dummy test results in a loading range close to consumer test conditions (EuroNCAP) and lower severity levels of volunteer testing were not considered.The EvaRID dummy model demonstrated the potential of becoming a valuable tool when evaluating and developing seats and whiplash protection systems. However, updates of the joint stiffness will be required to provide better correlation at lower load levels. Moreover, the seated posture, curvature of the spine, and head position of 50th percentile female occupants needs to be established and implemented in future models.
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| 20. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Evaluation of the Initial 50th Percentile Female Prototype Rear Impact Dummy, BioRID P50F–Indications for the need of an additional dummy size
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-4185. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to present the design of a prototype rear impact crash test dummy, representing a 50th percentile female, and compare its performance to volunteer response data. The intention was to develop a first crude prototype as a first step toward a future biofidelic 50th percentile female rear impact dummy. The current rear impact crash test dummy, BioRID II, represents a 50th percentile male, which may limit the assessment and development of whiplash protection systems with regard to female occupants. Introduction of this new dummy size will facilitate evaluation of seat and head restraint (HR) responses in both the average sized female and male in rear impacts. A 50th percentile female rear impact prototype dummy, the BioRID P50F, was developed from modified body segments originating from the BioRID II. The mass and rough dimensions of the BioRID P50F is representative of a 50th percentile female. The prototype dummy was evaluated against low severity rear impact sled tests comprising six female volunteers closely resembling a 50th percentile female with regard to stature and mass. The head/neck response of the BioRID P50F prototype resembled the female volunteer response corridors. The stiffness of the thoracic and lumbar spinal joints remained the same as the average sized male BioRID II, and therefore likely stiffer than joints of an average female. Consequently, the peak rearward angular displacement of the head and T1, and the rearward displacement of the T1, were lesser for the BioRID P50F in comparison to the female volunteers. The biofidelity of the BioRID P50F prototype thus has some limitations. Based on a seat response comparison between the BioRID P50F and the BioRID II, it can be concluded that the male BioRID II is an insufficient representation of the average female in the assessment of the dynamic seat response and effectiveness of whiplash protection systems.
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| 21. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic kinematic responses of female volunteers in rear impacts and comparison to previous male volunteer tests
- 2011
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Ingår i: Traffic Injury Prevention. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1538-9588 .- 1538-957X. ; 12:4, s. 347-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The objective was to quantify dynamic responses of 50th percentile females in rear impacts and compare to those from similar tests with males. The results will serve as a basis for future work with models, criteria, and safety systems.Methods: A rear impact sled test series with 8 female volunteers was performed at velocity changes of 5 and 7 km/h. The following dynamic response corridors were generated for the head, T1 (first thoracic vertebra) and head relative to T1: (1) accelerations in posterior-anterior direction, (2) horizontal and vertical displacements, (3) angular displacements for 6 females close to the 50th percentile in size. Additionally, the head-to-head restraint distance and contact time and neck injury criterion (NIC) were extracted from the data set. These data were compared to results from previously performed male volunteer tests, representing the 50th percentile male, in equivalent test conditions. T-tests were performed with the statistical significance level of.05 to quantify the significance of the parameter value differences for the males and females.Results: At 7 km/h, the females showed 29 percent earlier head-to-head restraint contact time (p =.0072); 27 percent shorter horizontal rearward head displacement (p =.0017); 36 percent narrower head extension angle (p =.0281); and 52 percent lower NIC value (p =.0239) than the males in previous tests. This was mainly due to 35 percent shorter initial head-to-head restraint distance for the females (p =.0125). The peak head acceleration in the posterior-anterior direction was higher and occurred earlier for the females.Conclusions: The overall result indicated differences in the dynamic response for the female and male volunteers. The results could be used in developing and evaluating a mechanical and/or mathematical average-sized female dummy model for rear impact safety assessment. These models can be used as a tool in the design of protective systems and for further development and evaluation of injury criteria. © 2011 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic Responses of Female Volunteers in Rear Impact Sled Tests at Two Head Restraint Distances
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-4185. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to assess the biomechanical and kinematic responses of female volunteers with two different head restraint (HR) configurations when exposed to a low-speed rear loading environment. A series of rear impact sled tests comprising eight belted, near 50th percentile female volunteers, seated on a simplified laboratory seat, was performed with a mean sled acceleration of 2.1 g and a velocity change of 6.8 km/h. Each volunteer underwent two tests; the first test configuration, HR10, was performed at the initial HR distance ∼10 cm and the second test configuration, HR15, was performed at ∼15 cm. Time histories, peak values and their timing were derived from accelerometer data and video analysis, and response corridors were also generated. The results were separated into three different categories, HR10C (N = 8), HR15C (N = 6), and HR15NC (N= 2), based on: (1) the targeted initial HR distance [10 cm or 15 cm] and (2) whether the volunteers’ head had made contact with the HR [Contact (C) or No Contact (NC)] during the test event. The results in the three categories deviated significantly. The greatest differences were found for the average peak head angular displacements, ranging from 10° to 64°. Furthermore, the average neck injury criteria (NIC) value was 22% lower in HR10C (3.9 m2/s2), and 49% greater in HR15NC (7.4 m2/s2) in comparison to HR15C (5.0 m2/s2). This study supplies new data suitable for validation of mechanical or mathematical models of a 50th percentile female. A model of a 50th percentile female remains to be developed and is urgently required to complement the average male models to enhance equality in safety assessments. Hence, it is important that future protection systems are developed and evaluated with female properties taken into consideration too. It is likely that the HR15 test configuration is close to the limit for avoiding HR contact for this specific seat setup. Using both datasets (HR15C and HR15NC), each with its corresponding HR contact condition, will be possible in future dummy or model evaluation.
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| 24. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Female volunteer motion in rear impact sled tests in comparison to results from earlier male volunteer tests
- 2008
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Ingår i: 2008 INTERNATIONAL IRCOBI CONFERENCEONTHE BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY17. – 19. September 2008– BERN (Switzerland)PROCEEDINGS. ; , s. 461-464, s. 461-464
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vehicle related crashes causing neck injuries (whiplash) are costly and common, and injury statistic data shows a larger risk of neck injuries for females than for males. This study aims at investigating differences between female and male dynamic response in rear impacts. Rear impact sled tests with female volunteers were carried out and the results were compared with previously performed tests with males in matching test conditions. The volunteer tests were performed at a change of velocity of 7 km/h. The comparison of the average response of the males and the females and their response corridors showed several differences. The horizontal head acceleration peak value was on average 40% higher and occurred on average 18% earlier for the female volunteers compared to the male volunteers. The NIC value was 45% lower and 30% earlier for the females, probably due to a 27% smaller initial head-to-head restraint distance and thereby a 24% earlier head restraint contact. The results provide characteristic differences between dynamic responses of females and males in low speed rear impacts. These results contribute to the understanding of human dynamic response in rear impacts. In addition, they can be used in the process of future development if numerical and/or mechanical human models for crash testing.
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| 25. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Motion of the Head and Neck of Female and Male Volunteers
- 2010
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Ingår i: IRCOBI Conference – Hanover (Germany). - 9783033025509 ; , s. 29-39
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study indications of differences in motion pattern of females and males have been found. The objective was to quantify dynamic motion responses of female and male volunteers in rear impact tests. Such data can be used as an input in the development process of improved occupant models such as computational models and crash test dummies.High-speed video data from rear impact tests at 4 km/h and 8 km/h with 12 female and 11 male volunteers was analysed. The females in this study had smaller rearward horizontal and angular motions of the head and T1 compared to the males. Furthermore, the females had more pronounced rebound motion.
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| 26. |
- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Motion of the Head and Neck of Female and Male Volunteers in Rear Impact Car-to-Car Impacts
- 2012
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Ingår i: Traffic Injury Prevention. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1538-9588 .- 1538-957X. ; 13:4, s. 378-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The objectives of this study were to quantify and compare dynamic motion responses between 50th percentile female and male volunteers in rear impact tests. These data are fundamental for developing future occupant models for crash safety development and assessment.Methods: High-speed video data from a rear impact test series with 21 male and 21 female volunteers at 4 and 8 km/h, originally presented in Siegmund et al. (1997), were used for further analysis. Data from a subset of female volunteers, 12 at 4 km/h and 9 at 8 km/h, were extracted from the original data set to represent the 50th percentile female. Their average height was 163 cm and their average weight was 62 kg. Among the male volunteers, 11 were selected, with an average height of 175 cm and an average weight of 73 kg, to represent the 50th percentile male. Response corridors were generated for the horizontal and angular displacements of the head, T1 (first thoracic vertebra), and the head relative to T1. T-tests were performed with the statistical significance level of.05 to quantify the significance of the differences in parameter values for the males and females.Results: Several differences were found in the average motion response of the male and female volunteers at 4 and 8 km/h. Generally, females had smaller rearward horizontal and angular motions of the head and T1 compared to the males. This was mainly due to shorter initial head-to-head restraint distance and earlier head-to-head restraint contact for the females. At 8 km/h, the female volunteers showed 12 percent lower horizontal peak rearward head displacement (P =.018); 22 percent lower horizontal peak rearward head relative to T1 displacement (P =.018); and 30 percent lower peak head extension angle (P =.001). The females also had more pronounced rebound motion.Conclusions: This study indicates that there may be characteristic differences in the head-neck motion response between 50th percentile males and females in rear impacts. The exclusive use of 50th percentile male rear impact dummies may thus limit the assessment and development of whiplash prevention systems that adequately protect both male and female occupants. The results of this study could be used in the development and evaluation of a mechanical and/or computational average-sized female dummy model for rear impact safety assessment. These models are used in the development and evaluation of protective systems. It would be of interest to make further studies into seat configurations featuring a greater head-to-head restraint distance. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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| 27. |
- Carlsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Motion of the head and neck of female and male volunteers in rear impact car-to-car tests at 4 and 8 km/h
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010 INTERNATIONAL IRCOBI CONFERENCE ON THE BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY 15. + 16. September 2010– HANOVER (Germany) PROCEEDINGS. ; , s. 29-39
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study indications of differences in motion pattern of females and males have been found. The objective was to quantify dynamic motion responses of female and male volunteers in rear impact tests. Such data can be used as an input in the development process of improved occupant models such as computational models and crash test dummies. High-speed video data from rear impact tests at 4 km/h and 8 km/h with 12 female and 11 male volunteers was analysed. The females in this study had smaller rearward horizontal and angular motions of the head and T1 compared to the males. Furthermore, the females had more pronounced rebound motion.
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| 28. |
- Chang, Fred, et al.
(författare)
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EvaRID: a dummy model representing females in rear end impacts
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proc. Whiplash 2010, 3rd International Conference, Munich, November 18 – 20, 2010.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Seventh Framework project ADSEAT (Adaptive Seat to Reduce Neck Injuries for Female andMale Occupants) aims at establishing the properties for a model of an average female and toimplement those in a computational model in order to provide an improved tool for the developmentand evaluation of adaptive systems with special focus on protection against whiplash injuries. As suchthe project will result in a computational model of a female, in addition to the male model that alreadyexists, for low severity testing. Both the female and the male model will then be used in be used instudies to design and evaluate adaptive seat systems that provide enhanced neck injury protection.This paper will present the first version of the female dummy model, called EvaRID, as developedduring the first year of the ADSEAT project. Background information on the size selection,anthropometry and the scaling method used will be described. The performance of the EvaRID V1.0release is shown by comparing simulation results with volunteer data.
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| 29. |
- Collén, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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A novel two-step extraction method with detergent/polymer systems for primary recovery of the fusion protein endoglucanase I-hydrophobin I.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. - 0006-3002. ; 1569:1-3, s. 139-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extraction systems for hydrophobically tagged proteins have been developed based on phase separation in aqueous solutions of non-ionic detergents and polymers. The systems have earlier only been applied for separation of membrane proteins. Here, we examine the partitioning and purification of the amphiphilic fusion protein endoglucanase I(core)-hydrophobin I (EGI(core)-HFBI) from culture filtrate originating from a Trichoderma reesei fermentation. The micelle extraction system was formed by mixing the non-ionic detergent Triton X-114 or Triton X-100 with the hydroxypropyl starch polymer, Reppal PES100. The detergent/polymer aqueous two-phase systems resulted in both better separation characteristics and increased robustness compared to cloud point extraction in a Triton X-114/water system. Separation and robustness were characterized for the parameters: temperature, protein and salt additions. In the Triton X-114/Reppal PES100 detergent/polymer system EGI(core)-HFBI strongly partitioned into the micelle-rich phase with a partition coefficient (K) of 15 and was separated from hydrophilic proteins, which preferably partitioned to the polymer phase. After the primary recovery step, EGI(core)-HFBI was quantitatively back-extracted (K(EGIcore-HFBI)=150, yield=99%) into a water phase. In this second step, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide (EOPO) copolymers were added to the micelle-rich phase and temperature-induced phase separation at 55 degrees C was performed. Total recovery of EGI(core)-HFBI after the two separation steps was 90% with a volume reduction of six times. For thermolabile proteins, the back-extraction temperature could be decreased to room temperature by using a hydrophobically modified EOPO copolymer, with slightly lower yield. The addition of thermoseparating co-polymer is a novel approach to remove detergent and effectively releases the fusion protein EGI(core)-HFBI into a water phase.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Danielsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Learning in physics by doing laboratory work : towards a new conceptual framework
- 2009
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Ingår i: Gender and Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0954-0253 .- 1360-0516. ; 21:2, s. 129-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on a study that explores university students' experiences of doing laboratory work in physics, this article outlines a proposed conceptual framework for extending the exploration of the gendered experience of learning. In this framework situated cognition and post-structural gender theory are merged together. By drawing on data that aim at exploring the gendered experience of learning in physics in the laboratory setting, a case is made for the proposed conceptual framework to facilitate an analysis of gender as an active process that relates the dynamics of this process to the emerging physicist identities of the students. In other words, this framework allows for an analysis of the gendered learning experiences in a context such as physics education that goes well beyond the usual 'women-friendly' teaching approaches.
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| 35. |
- Danielsson, Anna T, 1978-
(författare)
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Doing Physics - Doing Gender : An Exploration of Physics Students' Identity Constitution in the Context of Laboratory Work
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden today women are greatly under-represented within university physics and the discipline of physics is also symbolically associated with men and masculinity. This motivates in-depth investigations of issues of physics, learning and gender.This thesis explores how physics students' simultaneously constitute the practice of physics as enacted in student and research laboratories and their physicist identities in relation to this practice. In particular, it focuses on how these constitutions can be understood as gendered. Previously, physics education research has often limited 'gender perspective' to focusing on comparisons between man and woman students, whereas this study conceptualises gender as an aspect of social identity constitution. A point of departure for the thesis is the theoretical framework which combines situated learning theory and post-structural gender theory. This framework allows for a simultaneous analysis of how students 'do physics' and 'do gender', thereby making a theoretical contribution to physics education research.In the empirical study twenty-two undergraduate and graduate physics students were interviewed about their physics studies, with a particular focus on laboratory work.The analytical outcomes of the study illustrate a wide variety of possible identity constitutions and possible ways of constituting the physicist community of practice. For example, the students expressed conflicting interpretations of what are suitable practices in the student laboratory in terms of the value of practical versus analytical skills. The boundaries of the physicist community of practice are constituted in relation to, for example, other disciplines, interdisciplinary practices and a traditional femininity practice. Thus, the thesis demonstrates the complexity in physics students gendered negotiations of what it can mean to be a physicist.The ambition of the thesis is further to promote discussions about gender and physics, by engaging readers in critical reflections about the practice of physics, and, thus, to inform the teaching practice of physics.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- de Melo, A. L. L., et al.
(författare)
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Single-molecule array assay reveals the prognostic impact of plasma LRIG1 in ovarian carcinoma
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 61:11, s. 1425-1433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Ovarian carcinoma is the eighth most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The disease is predominantly diagnosed at a late stage. This contributes to high recurrence rates, eventually leading to the development of treatment-resistant disease. Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 (LRIG1) is a transmembrane protein that functions as a tumor suppressor and regulator of growth factor signaling. LRIG1 levels have not been investigated in human plasma previously. Materials and methods A quantitative LRIG1-specific single molecule array assay was developed and validated. LRIG1 levels were quantified in plasma samples from 486 patients with suspicious ovarian masses. Results Among women with ovarian carcinoma, LRIG1 levels were significantly elevated compared to women with benign or borderline type tumors. High LRIG1 plasma levels were associated with worse overall survival and shorter disease-free survival both in the group of all malignant cases and among the stage 3 cases only. LRIG1 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with stage 3 ovarian carcinoma. Conclusion LRIG1 plasma levels were elevated in patients with ovarian carcinoma, and high levels were associated with poor prognosis, suggesting that LRIG1 might be an etiologic factor and a potentially useful biomarker in ovarian carcinoma.
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| 38. |
- Dworeck, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Radial artery access is associated with lower mortality in patients undergoing primary PCI : a report from the SWEDEHEART registry
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 9:4, s. 323-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The purpose of this observational study was to evaluate the effects of radial artery access versus femoral artery access on the risk of 30-day mortality, inhospital bleeding and cardiogenic shock in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods: We used data from the SWEDEHEART registry and included all patients who were treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention in Sweden between 2005 and 2016. We compared patients who had percutaneous coronary intervention by radial access versus femoral access with regard to the primary endpoint of all-cause death within 30 days, using a multilevel propensity score adjusted logistic regression which included hospital as a random effect.Results: During the study period, 44,804 patients underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention of whom 24,299 (54.2%) had radial access and 20,505 (45.8%) femoral access. There were 2487 (5.5%) deaths within 30 days, of which 920 (3.8%) occurred in the radial access and 1567 (7.6%) in the femoral access group. After propensity score adjustment, radial access was associated with a lower risk of death (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.55-0.88,P = 0.025). We found no interaction between access site and age, gender and cardiogenic shock regarding 30-day mortality. Radial access was also associated with a lower adjusted risk of bleeding (adjusted OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25-0.79,P = 0.006) and cardiogenic shock (adjusted OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.24-0.73,P = 0.002).Conclusions: In patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, primary percutaneous coronary intervention by radial access rather than femoral access was associated with an adjusted lower risk of death, bleeding and cardiogenic shock. Our findings are consistent with, and add external validity to, recent randomised trials.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Flykt, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Emotion Recognition and the Understanding of Others’ Unspoken Thoughts and Feelings when Narrating Self-Experienced Emotional Events
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of nonverbal behavior. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0191-5886 .- 1573-3653. ; 45, s. 67-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emotion decoding competence can be addressed in different ways. In this study, clinical psychology, nursing, or social work students narrated a 2.5–3 min story about a self-experienced emotional event and also listened to another student’s story. Participants were video recorded during the session. Participants then annotated their own recordings regarding their own thoughts and feelings, and they rated recordings by other participants regarding their thoughts and feelings [empathic accuracy, EA, task]. Participants further completed two emotion recognition accuracy (ERA) tests that differed in complexity. The results showed that even though significant correlations were found between the emotion recognition tests, the tests did not positively predict empathic accuracy scores. These results raise questions regarding the extent to which ERA tests tap the competencies that underlie EA. Different possibilities to investigate the consequences of method choices are discussed.
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| 41. |
- Fredriksson, Daniel, dr, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Andra Sidan i Borlänge : Rapport #1. Följeforskning Stad & Land
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ”Stad & Land - i Dalarna och Världen” är namnet på ett treårigt utvecklingsprojekt, finansierat av Statens kulturråd, som initierats och drivs av Dalateatern. Projektet delfinansierade denna följeforskning. Denna rapport är resultatet av ett första delprojekt med syfte att följa och analysera arbetet med den första teateruppsättningen inom Dalateaterns projekt ”Stad och Land” ur ett processperspektiv, platsperspektiv och aktörsperspektiv. Vi intresserade oss principiellt för de processer som utgjorde produktionen av föreställningen Andra Sidan, men också för den sceniska gestaltning som de resulterade i, liksom för dess reception. Fokus i materialinsamling låg på produktionsprocesserna. Forskningen utgick från fyra forskningsfrågor:• Hur interagerade de medverkande med varandra, och hur hanterades konstnärliga och sociala hinder, konflikter och möjligheter?• Vilka konsekvenser hade coronaviruset för processen och det konstnärliga resultatet?• Hur skapas och återskapas Borlänge som plats i teaterprojektet Stad och land?• Vilka och vems berättelser är det som kommer till uttryck i de här teaterföreställningarna?Forskningen genomfördes genom intervjuer, deltagande observationer samt analys av internt och externt material (manus, texter, ansökningshandlingar, hemsidor med mera). Resultatet presenteras genom följande rapport som innehåller ett försök att kartlägga de många, ofta parallella, komplexa processer som ingår i skapandet av en teaterföreställning av det här slaget, men också beskriver föreställningen både vad gäller dess innehåll och dess förverkligande som teaterhändelse, samt diskuteras genom teoretiskt grundande reflektioner i relation till frågeställningarna. Det kan i korthet konstateras att de processer, platser och aktörer som sammanstrålade i arbetet med denna föreställning utgjorde ett komplext nätverk där alla var ömsesidigt beroende av varandra, och som dessutom sammanflätades över tid med det större teaterprojektet Stad & Land.
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| 42. |
- Genzel, Jonny, et al.
(författare)
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An Open-Source Finite Element Model of a Generic Car Seat: Development and Validation for Low-Severity Rear Impact Evaluations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Conference proceedings International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury, IRCOBI. - : IRCOBI. - 2235-3151. ; 2022-September, s. 229-242, s. 229-242
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Finite Element model of a generic Laboratory Seat was developed to replicate a physical counterpart used in rear-impact volunteer tests. The Laboratory Seat has a simplified design, developed to facilitate replication in computational models. The seat has a flat rigid base and the seatback consists of four horizontal panels attached to side posts by coil springs. The seat model was validated with results from component tests and sled tests, including the Anthropomorphic Test Device, BioRID II. An initial test series was carried out to generate data for component validation: the first set of tests to characterise the coil spring properties; and the second set comprising Impactor Tests on Head Restraint Foam to assess the head restraint material properties. For system level validation, sled tests were conducted both with the empty Laboratory Seat and with the BioRID II. The BioRID II tests were conducted in conjunction with an earlier volunteer test study. Both the component and the sled tests were reproduced in a virtual environment. Good agreement was achieved between the mechanical tests and the computational simulations. The seat model is freely available to use: https://openvt.eu/fem/open-access-laboratory-seat-model.
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| 43. |
- Hagberg Thulin, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Inhibition of STAT3 prevents bone metastatic progression of prostate cancer in vivo
- 2021
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Ingår i: Prostate. - : Wiley. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 81:8, s. 452-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Prostate cancer (PC) metastasizes to the skeleton forming predominantly sclerotic lesions, and there is currently no cure for bone metastatic disease. The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is implicated as a metastatic driver, but its potential as therapeutic target in bone metastasis has not been investigated. In this study, we evaluated for the first time a STAT3 inhibitor, Napabucasin, as a therapeutic option for bone metastatic PC. Methods Effects of STAT3 inhibitors, Stattic and Napabucasin, on metastatic potential in PC cells were studied in vitro by assessment of migration capacity, self-renewal potential, and tumorsphere formation. For evaluation of the role of STAT3 in initial skeletal establishment of PC cells as well as in progressed castration-resistant PC (CRPC) in bone, human VCaP prostate cancer cells were inoculated in the tibia of mice which subsequently were treated with the STAT3 inhibitor Napabucasin. Bone specimens were analyzed using computed tomography (CT), immunohistochemistry, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results The small molecule STAT3 inhibitors Stattic and Napabucasin both effectively impaired metastatic potential of PC cells in vitro. Furthermore, treatment with Napabucasin prevented metastatic establishment in tibial bones in vivo and thereby also the tumor-induced sclerotic bone response seen in vehicle-treated VCaP xenografts. In addition, treatment with Napabucasin of established bone CRPC significantly decreased both tumor burden and tumor-induced trabecular bone volume compared with effects seen in vehicle-treated animals. Anti-mitotic effects were confirmed by decreased Ki67 staining in Napabucasin-treated xenografts compared with vehicle-treated xenografts. Alterations of gene expression in the femoral bone marrow (BM) niche toward the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells and the myeloid lineage were demonstrated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and were further reflected by a substantial increase in the number of erythrocytes in BM of Napabucasin-treated mice. Furthermore, a unique pattern of STAT3 phosphorylation in osteoblasts/stromal cells surrounding the areas of tumor cells was demonstrated immunohistochemically in bone xenograft models using several different PC cell lines. Conclusion Inhibition of STAT3 activity disrupts the bone metastatic niche and targets both the skeletal establishment of PC and advanced bone metastatic CRPC in mice, suggesting STAT3 as a candidate for molecular targeted therapies of skeletal metastatic disease.
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| 44. |
- Holgersson, G., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular profiling using tissue microarrays as a tool to identify predictive biomarkers in laryngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cancer Genomics & Proteomics. - 1109-6535 .- 1790-6245. ; 7:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore the usefulness of the expression of five potential cancer biomarkers in predicting outcome in patients with laryngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the Swedish National Cancer Registry databases were used to identify patients with laryngeal cancer diagnosed during the years 1978-2004 in the Uppsala-Örebro region and treated with radiotherapy. The expression of Ki-67, MutS homolog 2, (MSH2), p53, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and cyclin D1 in the cancer cells was assessed immunohistochemically using tissue microarrays (TMAs) and its predictve value on survival and relapse was analyzed using Cox regression models. Results: A total of 39 patients were included in the present study. Nuclear MSH2 staining was statistically significantly correlated to Ki-67 expression (p=0.022). However, univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed no statistically significant association between the expression of the investigated biomarkers and overall survival or relapse. Conclusion: The present exploratory study does not show any significant predictive value of the biomarkers examined with respect to survival or relapse. However, with larger patient cohorts, we believe that protein profiling using TMAs and immunohistochemistry is a feasible strategy for prognostic and predictive biomarker screening in laryngeal cancer.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Jarl, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneity in the associations between common mental disorders and labour outcomes - a population study from southern Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Previous research has shown that Common Mental Disorders (CMD) are unequally distributed between population subgroups, but we know less about how labour outcomes following such disorders are distributed. Our aim is to investigate how the labour outcomes following a CMD diagnosis differ over sex, age, schooling and country of birth.METHODS: We use a population sample from southern Sweden of patients diagnosed with CMD during calendar years 2009-2011, and a matched general population control group, to study labour market outcomes three years following diagnosis. Logistic regression is used to study the associations between a CMD diagnosis and outcomes in employment, sick leave, and disability pension. Interaction analysis is used to study heterogeneity in these associations.RESULTS: CMD diagnosis is associated with reduced employment and increased odds of sick leave and disability pension. Following a CMD diagnosis, men and higher educated individuals have higher odds of non-employment and sick leave compared to women and the lower educated. Foreign-born individuals have higher odds of non-employment and lower odds of sick leave, compared to individuals born in Sweden. Heterogeneity appears to be present also based on age. Younger age is associated with higher odds of non-employment and disability pension and lower odds of sick leave, following a CMD diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: Heterogeneity in labour outcomes following a CMD diagnosis sometimes contributes to and sometimes mitigates inequalities in employment, sick leave and disability pension between population subgroups. When developing new strategies to tackle mental ill-health in the population, it may therefore be motivated to consider not only inequalities in the prevalence of mental disorders but also heterogeneity in associated adverse labour outcomes.
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| 47. |
- Jarl, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Inequalities in labour market consequences of common mental disorders
- 2018
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The burden of mental disorders continues to grow and is now a leading cause of disability worldwide. The prevalence of mental disorders is unequal between population subgroups, and these disorders are associated with unfavourable consequences in social and economic conditions, health and survival. However, how the negative effects of mental disorders are distributed among population subgroups is less studied. Our aim is to investigate how labour market consequences of Common Mental Disorders (CMD) differ over gender, age, education, and country of birth. We use a population sample from southern Sweden of patients diagnosed with CMD 2009-2012 and a matched general population control group with linked register information on employment, long-term sick leave, and disability pension. Logistic regression with interaction effects between CMD and sociodemographic indicators are used to estimate labour market consequences of CMD in the different population subgroups. CMD have a negative impact on all labour market outcomes studied, reducing employment while increasing the risk of long term sick leave and disability pension. However, the associated effect is found to be stronger for men than women, except for disability pension where consequences are similar. Surprisingly, high educated individuals suffer worse labour market consequences than low educated. Consequences of CMD in labour market outcomes are not consistent across different age-groups and country of birth. Inequalities in the labour market consequences of common mental disorders sometimes contributes to, and sometimes mitigates, societal inequalities in employment, long term sick leave and disability pension. When developing new strategies to tackle mental ill health in the population, it may therefore be motivated to consider not only inequalities in the prevalence of mental disorders, but also inequalities in the consequences of these disorders.
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| 48. |
- Johansson, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated Peripheral Allergen-Specific T Cell Response Is Crucial for a Positive Atopy Patch Test Reaction
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1018-2438 .- 1423-0097. ; 150:1, s. 51-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Atopic eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which several subgroups of cases can be identified. Atopy patch testing (APT) reveals allergen sensitization also in atopic eczema patients devoid of detectable allergen-specific IgE, suggesting the importance of factors other than IgE in the reaction. Here we investigate the relationship between APT reactions and allergen-specific peripheral IgE and T cell reactivity in atopic eczema patients. Methods: Adult patients with atopic eczema (n = 64) and healthy controls (n = 24) were analyzed for reactivity to Malassezia sympodialis extract by APT, measurement of specific plasma IgE and in vitro determination of the frequency of allergen-reactive peripheral blood mononuclear cells producing interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 using the ELISpot method. Results: When combining the results of the APT, IgE measurements and the ELISpot analyses, reactivity to M. sympodialis was found in a majority of the atopic eczema patients (69%), whereas the healthy controls were negative throughout. T cell reactivity to M. sympodialis, manifested by production of both interleukins 4 and 5, was highly predictive for a positive APT reaction and displayed a strongly positive correlation with the APT score. In contrast, the allergen-specific IgE levels did not predict the APT outcome, and no correlation could be found between the IgE levels and the APT score. Conclusion: Peripheral allergen-specific T helper 2 cell-mediated reactivity appears to be required for a positive APT reaction to M. sympodialis. The diagnostic potential of measuring peripheral allergen-specific T cell responses should be considered in atopic eczema.
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| 49. |
- Johansson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Cathelicidin LL-37 in Severe Streptococcus pyogenes Soft Tissue Infections in Humans
- 2008
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - 1098-5522. ; 76:8, s. 3399-3404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Severe soft tissue infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis and severe cellulitis, caused by group A streptococcus (GAS) are rapidly progressing life-threatening infections characterized by massive bacterial load in the tissue even late after onset of infection. Antimicrobial peptides are important components of the innate host defence and cathelicidins have been shown to protect against murine necrotic skin infection caused by GAS. However, the streptococcal cysteine protease SpeB has been demonstrated to proteolytically inactivate the human cathelicidin LL-37 in vitro. Here we have investigated the expression of LL-37 and its interaction with GAS and SpeB during acute severe soft tissue infections by analyses of patient tissue biopsies. The results showed high amounts of LL-37, both the proform (hCAP18) and the mature peptide, present in the tissue. Confocal microscopy identified neutrophils as the main source of the peptide. A distinct co-localization between the bacteria and LL-37 could be noted, and bacterial load showed a positive correlation to the LL-37 levels. Areas with high LL-37 levels coincided with areas with high amounts of SpeB. Confocal microscopy confirmed a strong co-localization of GAS, SpeB and LL-37 at the bacterial surface. Taken together the findings of this study provides in vivo support that SpeB-mediated inactivation of LL-37 at the streptococcal surface represent a bacterial resistance mechanism at the infected tissue site in patients with severe GAS tissue infections.
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| 50. |
- Kahn, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Heparin-Binding Protein As A Prognostic Biomarker of Sepsis and Disease Severity at The Emergency Department
- 2019
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Ingår i: Shock. - 1540-0514. ; 52:6, s. 135-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Rapid and early detection of patients at risk to develop sepsis remains demanding. Heparin-binding protein (HBP) has previously demonstrated good prognostic properties in detecting organ dysfunction among patients with suspected infections. This study aimed to evaluate the plasma-levels of HBP as a prognostic biomarker for infection-induced organ dysfunction among patients seeking medical attention at the emergency department.DESIGN: Prospective, international multicenter, convenience sample study SETTING:: Four general emergency departments at academic centers in Sweden, Switzerland and Canada.PATIENTS: All emergency encounters among adults where one of the following criteria were fulfilled: a) respiratory rate >25 breaths per minute; b) heart rate >120 beats per minute; c) altered mental status; d) systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg; e) oxygen saturation <90% without oxygen; f) oxygen saturation <93% with oxygen; g) reported oxygen saturation <90%.INTERVENTION: None MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: A total of 524 ED patients were prospectively enrolled, of these 236 (45%) were eventually adjudicated to have a non-infectious disease. Three hundred forty-seven patients (66%) had or developed organ dysfunction within 72 hours, 54 patients (10%) were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), and 23 patients (4%) died within 72 hours. For the primary outcome, detection of infected-related organ dysfunction within 72 hours, the AUC for HBP was 0.73 (95% C.I. 0.68-0.78) among all patients and 0.82 (95% C.I. 0.76-0.87) among patients confidently adjudicated to either infection or no infection. Against the secondary outcome, infection leading to admittance to the ICU, death or a persistent high SOFA-score due to an infection (SOFA-score ≥5 at 12-24 hours) HBP had an AUC of 0.87 (95% C.I. 0.79-0.95) among all patients and 0.88 (95% C.I. 0.77-0.99) among patients confidently adjudicated to either infection or non-infection.CONCLUSIONS: Among patients at the emergency department, HBP demonstrated good prognostic and discriminatory properties in detecting the most severely ill patients with infection.
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