| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Heimann, Mikael, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Associative learning measured with ERP predicts deferred imitation using a strict observation only design in 14 to 15 month old children
- 2013
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 54:1, s. 33-40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Deferred imitation is an established procedure for behavioural measurement of early declarative-like memories in infancy and previous work has indicated a link between this type of memory and brain potentials in infants. The present study compared infants’ memory performance in this paradigm with electrophysiological indices of associative learning. Thirty children (mean age: 14.5 months) participated, of which 15 (9 boys) had acceptable ERP recordings that could be included in the final analysis. Deferred imitation was measured with an observation-only procedure using three actions and a 30 min delay. ERP was recorded with a High Density Net (128 electrodes) during associative learning. Change scores based on Nc, a middle latency component associated with attentional processes, predicted deferred imitation performance. Thus, associative learning measured with ERP predicts deferred imitation using a strict observation only design in 14 to15 month old children.
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| 5. |
- Heimann, Mikael, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Behavioral and electrophysiological indices of learning in 14-month-old infants : Deferred imitation correlates with the Nc component
- 2010
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In: Developmental Psychobiology, Volume 52, Issue 7. - : Wiley. ; , s. 702-702
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Deferred imitation (DI) is an established memory paradigm that reflects early individual differences but the neural activity underlying DI is to a large extent uncharted. Thus, the present study investigated the relationship between event-related potentials (ERP) and behavioral (DI) indices of learning.Thirty 14-months-old children participated in the study, of which 15 (9 boys) had acceptable ERP data to be included in the analysis. DI was measured with the observation-only design using three actions and a 30 min delay. ERP was recorded with a High Density Net (128 electrodes) and the learning phase consisted of two pairs of pictures presented six times (PRES 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) while the test phase consisted of two violations: Associating two familiar pictures in a new combination (ASSO) or associating one familiar picture with a novel picture (NOV).The mean score of DI was 1.87 (SD = 1.06) and ERP data revealed an Nc within 300-600 ms post stimuli. The mean amplitude was higher for ASSO compared with PRES 5 and 6 (p < .05) but not between NOV and PRES 5 (p = .055) and PRES 6 (ns). Larger Nc change scores (ASSO - PRES5) correlated with better DI performance, rs (15) = .57; p < .05.These findings, if upheld in further analyses, suggest that behavioral memory performance is related to attention processes as reflected in the observed Nc. (FUNDING: Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research # 2006-1040)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Mikael, et al.
(author)
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Memory for perceived and imagined pictures : an event-related potential study
- 2002
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In: Neuropsychologia, vol. 40, no. 7. - : Elsevier. ; 40:7, s. 986-1002
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioural measures were used to investigate recognition memory and source-monitoring judgements about previously perceived and imagined pictures. At study, word labels of common objects were presented. Half of these were followed by a corresponding picture and the other half by an empty frame, signalling to the participants to mentally visualise an image. At test, participants in a source-monitoring task made a three-way discrimination between new words and words corresponding to previously perceived and imagined pictures. Participants in an old/new-recognition task indicated whether test words were previously presented or not. In both tasks, correctly identified old items elicited more positive-going ERPs than correctly judged new items. This widely distributed old/new effect was found to have an earlier onset and to be of a greater magnitude for imagined than for perceived items. Task (source versus item-memory) affected the old/new effects over prefrontal areas and the reaction times to remembered old items. The present findings are consistent with the view that a greater amount, or a different type, of information is necessary for accurate source-memory judgements than for correct recognition, and moreover, that different types of source-specifying information revive at different rates. In addition, the results add weight to the view that the late widespread ERP-old/new effect is sensitive to the quality or the amount of information retrieved from memory.
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| 8. |
- Lindgren, Anders E. G., et al.
(author)
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Total Synthesis of the Resveratrol Oligomers (+/-)-Ampelopsin B and (+/-)-E-Viniferin
- 2016
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In: European Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1434-193X .- 1099-0690. ; :3, s. 426-429
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The total synthesis of the resveratrol dimers (+/-)-ampelopsin B and (+/-)-E-viniferin is reported. Highlights of the approach include the use of cyclopropylmethyl groups to protect aromatic alcohols. This group allows an acid promoted three-step, one-pot deprotection-epimerization-cyclization of an advanced intermediate to give (+/-)-ampelopsin B. An important advantage with our strategy is the possibility of synthesizing analogs to these natural products to further study the chemistry and biology of resveratrol oligomers.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lindgren, Johan, et al.
(author)
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The first neoceratopsian dinosaur remains from Europe
- 2007
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In: Palaeontology. - : Wiley. - 1475-4983 .- 0031-0239. ; 50:4, s. 929-937
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Shallow marine, nearshore strata of earliest Campanian (Gonioteuthis granulataquadrata belemnite Zone) and latest Early Campanian (informal Belemnellocamax mammillatus belemnite zone) age in the Kristianstad Basin, southern Sweden, have yielded isolated leptoceratopsid teeth and vertebrae, representing the first record of horned dinosaurs from Europe. The new leptoceratopsid occurrence may support a European dispersal route for the Leptoceratopsidae, or may represent an entirely endemic population. The presence of leptoceratopsid teeth in shallow marine deposits contradicts previous hypotheses suggesting that basal neoceratopsians mainly preferred and and/or semi-arid habitats far from coastal areas.
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| 11. |
- Lindgren, Oskar, et al.
(author)
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Exploring sufficiency in energy policy : insights from Sweden
- 2023
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In: Sustainability. - Stockholm : Taylor & Francis. - 1548-7733. ; 19:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Energy efficiency and renewable energy strategies have been insufficient in achieving rapid and profound reductions of energy-related greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions. Consequently, energy sufficiency has gained attention as a complementary strategy over the past two decades. Yet, most research on energy sufficiency has been theoretical and its implementation in policy limited. This study draws on the growing sufficiency literature to examine the presence of sufficiency as a strategy for reducing energy-related GHG emissions in Sweden, a country often regarded as a "climate-progressive" country. By conducting a keyword and content analysis of energy policies and parliamentary debates during four governmental terms of office (2006-2022), this research explores the extent to which sufficiency is integrated into Swedish energy policy, as well as potential barriers to its adoption. The analyses revealed a scarcity of sufficiency elements. Although some policies could potentially result in energy savings, they are infrequent and overshadowed by the prevailing emphasis on efficiency and renewable energy. Furthermore, Sweden lacks a target for sufficiency or absolute energy reductions. The main impediments to sufficiency implementation include the disregard of scientific evidence in the policy-making process and the perceived contradiction between sufficiency and industrial competitiveness. This study thus concludes that sufficiency at best remains at the periphery of Swedish energy policy. Given the reinforced ambitions within the European Union, this raises questions regarding the validity of Sweden's reputation as a climate-progressive country.
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| 12. |
- Nordqvist, Emelie, et al.
(author)
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An associative learning procedure measured by Event-Related Potentials correlates with event memory in 14 month old children
- 2011
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Deferred imitation (DI) reflects an early form of event memory but the underlying neural processes is to a large degree unknown. Thus, the present study examines how associative learning observed through event-related potentials (ERP) relates to DI as measured with an observation- only design.Thirty children participated in the study and acceptable ERP data was collected from 15 (9 boys). DI was measured with a thirty minutes delay and ERP was recorded with a Geodesic High Density Net with 128 electrodes. The ERP procedure consisted of two pairs of pictures presented six times (= the learning phase) and a test phase introducing two violations: Two familiar pictures in a new combination (ASSO) or a combination of one familiar and one novel picture (NOV). In addition, visual recognition memory was also measured.ERP revealed an Nc within 300-600 ms post stimuli. A higher mean amplitude was observed for ASSO (p < .05) and a marginal effect was noted for NOV (p = .055). Better DI performance correlated with larger Nc change scores between ASSO and the last presentation in the learning phase (rs (15) = .57; p < .05). Preliminary analyses of slow waves revealed no further relationship between ERP and DI and no significant correlation between DI and novelty preference. These findings indicate that electrophysiological indices of associative learning can be related to behavioral observations of early memory processes in young infants.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Nordqvist, Emelie, et al.
(author)
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An electrophysiological index of associative learning correlates with event memories in 14 month old children
- 2011
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Deferred imitation (DI) is an early form of event memory that indexes early individual differences in infant cognition but the underlying neural processes is to a large degree uncharted. The present study examines how event-related potentials (ERPs) as a response to an associative learning procedure relates to DI measured with an observation-only design. Thirty children participated and acceptable ERP data was collected from 15 (9 boys). DI was measured with a thirty minutes delay and ERP was recorded with a Geodesic High Density Net with 128 electrodes. The ERP procedure consisted of two pairs of pictures presented six times (= the learning phase) and a test phase introducing two violations: Two familiar pictures in a new combination (ASSO) or a combination of one familiar and one novel picture (NOV). In addition, visual recognition memory was also measured. ERP revealed an Nc within 300-600 ms post stimuli. A higher mean amplitude was observed for ASSO (p < .05) and a marginal effect was noted for NOV (p = .055). Better DI performance correlated with larger Nc change scores between ASSO and the last presentation in the learning phase (rs (15) = .57; p < .05). Preliminary analyses of early and late slow waves (800 to 1500ms post stimuli) revealed no further relationship between ERP and DI and no significant correlation between DI and visual recognition memory. This finding indicates a possible direct link between electrophysiological indices of learning and behavioral observations of declarative like memory processes in young infants.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Nordqvist, Emelie, et al.
(author)
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Deferred imitation, associative memory and communication in 14-month-old children
- 2015
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The presentation will build on two recent studies that combine behavioral observations of memory (deferred imitation, DI), electrophysiological (Event-Related Potentials, ERP) measures of associative memory and parental reports of language in 14-monthsold children. In both studies, an ERP (Nc) response indicating associative memory as well as a correlation between Nc and DI was observed. Further analysis revealed strong individual variability: The clearest relationship with ERP was noted for the subgroup of children performing non-optimally on the DI tasks. In addition, we also found a statistically significant correlation between parental report of receptive language and our ERP measure of associative memory.
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| 17. |
- Nordqvist, Emelie, et al.
(author)
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The relationship between deferred imitation, associative memory, and communication in 14-months-old children. Behavioral and electrophysiological indices
- 2015
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In: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers. - 1664-1078. ; 6:260
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study combines behavioral observations of memory (deferred imitation, DI, after a brief delay of 30 min and after a long delay of 2-3 weeks) and electrophysiological (event-related potentials, ERPs) measures of associative memory, as well as parental reports of non-verbal and verbal communication in sixteen 14-months-old children. Results show that for DI, the children remembered the stimulus after the brief but not after the long delay. There was a clear electrophysiological response indicating associative memory. Furthermore, a correlation between DI and ERR suggests that both measures of memory (DI and associative memory) tap into similar mechanisms in 14months-old children. There was also a statistically significant relation between parental report of receptive (verbal) language and the ERP, showing an association between receptive language skills and associative memory.
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| 18. |
- Tiihonen, Mikael, et al.
(author)
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A UV laser source for biological and chemical sensing
- 2004
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In: FREE-SPACE LASER COMMUNICATION AND ACTIVE LASER ILLUMINATION III. - BELLINGHAM : SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. - 0819450332 ; , s. 127-136, s. 127-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optical parametric oscillator (OPO) and sum-frequency mixing (SFM) devices are useful tools for constructing ultraviolet (UV) laser sources for fluorescence spectroscopy. Here, a compact UV-laser sources based on frequency conversion of an actively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is presented. The second harmonic generation from a Nd:YAG laser was utilized as pump radiation for a periodically poled KTiOPO4 nanosecond optical parametric oscillator(1). The OPO-signal and the remaining pump were spatially mode-matched for Type I SFM in a beta-barium borate (BBO) crystal and UV radiation at 293 nm could be generated. This corresponds to a conversion efficiency of 2% with respect to the 532 nm harmonic radiation. The wavelength region accessible with this UV source is useful for chemical and biological sensing. Excitation of tryptophan at 293 nm for detection of fluorescence emission in ovalbumin and transthyretin was demonstrated.
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| 19. |
- Andersson, C. David, et al.
(author)
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Benefits of statistical molecular design, covariance analysis, and reference models in QSAR : a case study on acetylcholinesterase
- 2015
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In: Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0920-654X .- 1573-4951. ; 29:3, s. 199-215
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Scientific disciplines such as medicinal- and environmental chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology deal with the questions related to the effects small organic compounds exhort on biological targets and the compounds' physicochemical properties responsible for these effects. A common strategy in this endeavor is to establish structure-activity relationships (SARs). The aim of this work was to illustrate benefits of performing a statistical molecular design (SMD) and proper statistical analysis of the molecules' properties before SAR and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. Our SMD followed by synthesis yielded a set of inhibitors of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) that had very few inherent dependencies between the substructures in the molecules. If such dependencies exist, they cause severe errors in SAR interpretation and predictions by QSAR-models, and leave a set of molecules less suitable for future decision-making. In our study, SAR- and QSAR models could show which molecular sub-structures and physicochemical features that were advantageous for the AChE inhibition. Finally, the QSAR model was used for the prediction of the inhibition of AChE by an external prediction set of molecules. The accuracy of these predictions was asserted by statistical significance tests and by comparisons to simple but relevant reference models.
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| 20. |
- Andersson, C David, et al.
(author)
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Discovery of Ligands for ADP-Ribosyltransferases via Docking-Based Virtual Screening
- 2012
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In: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 55:17, s. 7706-7718
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The diphtheria toxin-like ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTDs) are an enzyme family that catalyses the transfer of ADP-ribose units onto substrate proteins, using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) as a co-substrate. They have a documented role in chromatin remodelling and DNA repair; and inhibitors of ARTD1 and 2 (PARP1 and 2) are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. The detailed function of most other ARTDs is still unknown. Using virtual screening we identified small ligands of ARTD7 (PARP15/BAL3) and ARTD8 (PARP14/BAL2). Thermal-shift assays confirmed that 16 compounds, belonging to eight structural classes, bound to ARTD7/ARTD8. Affinity measurements with isothermal titration calorimetry for two isomers of the most promising hit compound confirmed binding in the low micromolar range to ARTD8. Crystal structures showed anchoring of the hits in the nicotinamide pocket. These results form a starting point in the development of chemical tools for the study of the role and function of ARTD7 and ARTD8.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Åke, et al.
(author)
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Status of the new injector for MAX-lab
- 2002
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In: 8th European Particle Accelerator Conference. ; , s. 772-774
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The new injector for MAX-lab is built around two 125 MeV linacs [B. Anderberg, (2000)] equipped with SLED cavities [Z.D. Farkas, (1974)]. The electron beam is recirculated once to reach 500 MeV. A 2.3 MeV thermionic RF gun [B. Anderberg, (2000)] injects into the system. The RF-gun is put into operation and commissioning of the first linac is proceeding. Results from the thermionic RF-gun operation, linac commissioning and first beam operations are presented.
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| 24. |
- Andersson, Åke, et al.
(author)
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The MAX II synchrotron radiation storage ring
- 1994
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In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 343:2-3, s. 644-649
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A 1.5 GeV third generation storage ring optimised for the VUV and soft X-ray spectral region is currently being built at MAX-lab. The magnet lattice, ring architecture and production choices are optimised to fit within rather tight boundary conditions without sacrificing performance. In this paper, the magnet lattice, light characteristics, injection and technical solutions for the ring are presented.
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| 25. |
- Andersson, Å, et al.
(author)
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The new 1.5 GeV storage ring for synchrotron radiation : MAX II
- 1995
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In: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 66:2, s. 1850-1853
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The MAX laboratory at Lund University, Sweden, today operates an accelerator system consisting of a 100 MeV racetrack microtron and a 550 MeV storage ring (MAX I). At the moment (July 1994) a new storage ring MAX II is near completion and will start first injections within 2 months. This work gives an overview of the MAX II project including the first beamlines and a description of the accelerator system. MAX II is a 1.5 GeV third generation light source optimized for the VUV and soft-x-ray region. It consists of a ten cell double bend achromat lattice forming the 90 m circumference ring. Injection is done at 500 MeV from the existing storage ring MAX I, and ramping up to full energy will take place in MAX II. The straight sections have a length of 3.2 m and eight sections are free to house insertion devices. At start up the ring will be equipped with one 7.5 T superconducting wiggler and one 1.8 T multipole wiggler. Two more undulators are ordered and under construction. To be able to achieve the project a few shortcuts have been made in the design of the storage ring: (1) Nonzero dispersion is allowed in the straight sections, (2) chromaticity correction is built into the quadrupole magnets, and (3) the length of the straight sections is limited to 3.2 m. The project is progressing on time. Extraction of an electron beam from the MAX I storage ring has been achieved and has successfully been transported into the MAX II building. The MAX II ring is under assembly with most of the sections already mounted. First injection is planned to take place in August 1994.
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| 26. |
- Antoni, Per, et al.
(author)
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Europium confined cyclen dendrimers with photophysically active triazoles
- 2008
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In: Journal of Materials Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0959-9428 .- 1364-5501. ; 18:22, s. 2545-2554
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dendrimers up to the fourth generation (G1-G4) were successfully synthesized via the efficient copper catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between primary alkynes and azides (CuAAC), also referred to as a click reaction. The synthetic protocol involved the preparation of presynthesized dendron wedges that subsequently were attached to a tetra-valent alkyne functional cyclen core. These constructed structures integrated stable triazole groups "intra-locked'' between the cyclen and dendron wedges. The incorporation of a lanthanide metal ion, europium, into the interior of all cyclen dendrimers was monitored by FT-IR. Interestingly, the photophysical results showed that the proximate triazole not only acts as a stable linker but also as a sensitizers, transferring its singlet-singlet excitation in the ultraviolet region (270-290 nm) to the partially filled luminescent lanthanide 4f shell. An increase of luminescence decay time from the lanthanide D-5(0) -> F-7(2) emission was observed with increasing dendrimer size, indicating that the shielding effect of the dendron wedges is important for the relaxation of the photo-excitation and energy transfer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a set of dendron wedges have successfully been attached to a cyclen metal ion cage via the versatile click reaction. Furthermore, the produced triazoles intra-locked in close proximity to the macrocycle core elucidated an interesting photophysical function.
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| 27. |
- Arja, Katriann, et al.
(author)
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Enhanced Fluorescent Assignment of Protein Aggregates by an Oligothiophene-Porphyrin-Based Amyloid Ligand
- 2013
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In: Macromolecular rapid communications. - : Wiley-VCH Verlag. - 1022-1336 .- 1521-3927. ; 34:9, s. 723-730
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fluorescent probes identifying protein aggregates are of great interest, as deposition of aggregated proteins is associated with many devastating diseases. Here, we report that a fluorescent amyloid ligand composed of two distinct molecular moieties, an amyloidophilic pentameric oligothiophene and a porphyrin, can be utilized for spectral and lifetime imaging assessment of recombinant A 1-42 amyloid fibrils and A deposits in brain tissue sections from a transgenic mouse model with Alzheimers disease pathology. The enhanced spectral range and distinct lifetime diversity of this novel oligothiopheneporphyrin-based ligand allow a more precise assessment of heterogeneous amyloid morphology compared with the corresponding oligothiophene dye.
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| 28. |
- Arja, Katriann, et al.
(author)
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Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Fluoro-glycosylated Porphyrins that can be Utilized as Theranostic Agents
- 2018
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In: ChemistryOpen. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 2191-1363. ; 7:7, s. 495-503
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Small molecules with modalities for a variety of imaging techniques as well as therapeutic activity are essential, as such molecules render opportunities to simultaneously conduct diagnosis and targeted therapy, so called theranostics. In this regard, glycoporphyrins have proven useful as theranostic agents towards cancer, as well as noncancerous conditions. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of heterobifunctional glycoconjugated porphyrins with two different sugar moieties, a common monosaccharide at three sites, and a 2-fluoro-2-deoxy glucose (FDG) moiety at the fourth site are presented. The fluoro-glycoconjugated porphyrins exhibit properties for multimodal imaging and photodynamic therapy, as well as specificity towards cancer cells. We foresee that our findings might aid in the chemical design of heterobifunctional glycoconjugated porphyrins that could be utilized as theranostic agents.
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| 29. |
- Awad, Amar, et al.
(author)
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Preserved somatosensory conduction in complete spinal cord injury : Discomplete SCI
- 2020
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In: Clinical Neurophysiology. - : Elsevier. - 1388-2457 .- 1872-8952. ; 131:5, s. 1059-1067
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the communication between brain and body parts innervated from below-injury spinal segments, but rarely results in complete anatomical transection of the spinal cord. The aim of this study was to investigate residual somatosensory conduction in clinically complete SCI, to corroborate the concept of sensory discomplete SCI.Methods: We used fMRI with a somatosensory protocol in which blinded and randomized tactile and nociceptive stimulation was applied on both legs (below-injury level) and one arm (above-injury level) in eleven participants with chronic complete SCI. The experimental design accounts for possible confounding mechanical (e.g. vibration) and cortico-cortical top-down mechanisms (e.g. attention/expectation).Results: Somatosensory stimulation on below-level insensate body regions activated the somatotopically corresponding part of the contralateral primary somatosensory cortex in six out of eleven participants.Conclusions: Our results represent afferent-driven cortical activation through preserved somatosensory connections to the brain in a subgroup of participants with clinically complete SCI, i.e. sensory discomplete SCI.Significance: Identifying patients with residual somatosensory connections might open the door for new rehabilitative and restorative strategies as well as inform research on SCI-related conditions such as neuropathic pain and spasticity.
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| 30. |
- Bartoschek, Michael, et al.
(author)
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Spatially and functionally distinct subclasses of breast cancer-associated fibroblasts revealed by single cell RNA sequencing
- 2018
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major constituent of the tumor microenvironment, although their origin and roles in shaping disease initiation, progression and treatment response remain unclear due to significant heterogeneity. Here, following a negative selection strategy combined with single-cell RNA sequencing of 768 transcriptomes of mesenchymal cells from a genetically engineered mouse model of breast cancer, we define three distinct subpopulations of CAFs. Validation at the transcriptional and protein level in several experimental models of cancer and human tumors reveal spatial separation of the CAF subclasses attributable to different origins, including the peri-vascular niche, the mammary fat pad and the transformed epithelium. Gene profiles for each CAF subtype correlate to distinctive functional programs and hold independent prognostic capability in clinical cohorts by association to metastatic disease. In conclusion, the improved resolution of the widely defined CAF population opens the possibility for biomarker-driven development of drugs for precision targeting of CAFs.
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| 31. |
- Berg, Kirsti, et al.
(author)
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A High Precision Method for Quantitative Measurements of Reactive Oxygen Species in Frozen Biopsies
- 2014
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In: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 9:3, s. e90964-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique using the spin probe cyclic hydroxylamine 1-hydroxy-3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine (CMH) was introduced as a versatile method for high precision quantification of reactive oxygen species, including the superoxide radical in frozen biological samples such as cell suspensions, blood or biopsies. Materials and Methods: Loss of measurement precision and accuracy due to variations in sample size and shape were minimized by assembling the sample in a well-defined volume. Measurement was carried out at low temperature (150 K) using a nitrogen flow Dewar. The signal intensity was measured from the EPR 1st derivative amplitude, and related to a sample, 3-carboxy-proxyl (CPN) with known spin concentration. Results: The absolute spin concentration could be quantified with a precision and accuracy better than +/- 10 mu M (k = 1). The spin concentration of samples stored at -80 degrees C could be reproduced after 6 months of storage well within the same error estimate. Conclusion: The absolute spin concentration in wet biological samples such as biopsies, water solutions and cell cultures could be quantified with higher precision and accuracy than normally achievable using common techniques such as flat cells, tissue cells and various capillary tubes. In addition; biological samples could be collected and stored for future incubation with spin probe, and also further stored up to at least six months before EPR analysis, without loss of signal intensity. This opens for the possibility to store and transport incubated biological samples with known accuracy of the spin concentration over time.
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| 32. |
- Björk, Linnea, et al.
(author)
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Amino-Acid Side-Chain Nanoarchitectonics for Tuning the Chiroptical Properties and Supramolecular Structure of Pentameric Oligothiophenes
- 2024
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In: ChemPhotoChem. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 2367-0932.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Oligothiophenes with specific photophysical properties and molecular organization are of great interest, since this class of materials are used in organic electronics and bioelectronics, as well as biosensing. Herein, 8 different pentameric oligothiophenes, denoted proteophenes, with different amino acid substitution patterns at distinct positions along the thiophene backbone were investigated. Spectroscopic and microscopic studies of the ligands revealed the formation of optically active self-assembled materials under acidic or basic conditions. The distinct photophysical characteristics, including induced circular dichroism, as well as the supramolecular structures of the assemblies deduced from light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, were highly influenced by the positioning of distinct amino acid moieties along the thiophene backbone. Proteophenes functionalized with only glutamate residues or these functionalities in combination with hydrophobic valine moieties formed fibrillar structures with excellent chiroptical properties under acidic conditions. In addition, the amino acid functionality at the beta-position of distinct thiophene moieties influenced the induced circular dichroism pattern observed from the proteophenes. Overall, the obtained results demonstrate how changes in the position of various amino acid functionalities, as well as the chemical nature of the amino acid side chain functionality greatly affect the optical properties as well as the architecture of the self-assembled materials. Self-assembled Proteophenes. Oligothiophenes with distinct amino acid side-chain functionalities along the conjugated backbone displayed distinct chiroptical and structural properties in acidic or alkaline solutions. The distinct photophysical characteristics, as well as the supramolecular structures of the assemblies were highly influenced by the chemical nature of the amino acid, as well as the positioning of distinct amino acid moieties along the thiophene backbone.image
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| 33. |
- Blomberg, Frida, et al.
(author)
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Emotional arousal and lexical specificity modulate response times differently depending on ear of presentation in a dichotic listening task
- 2015
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In: The Mental Lexicon. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1871-1340 .- 1871-1375. ; 10:2, s. 221-246
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigated possible hemispheric differences in the processing of four different lexical semantic categories: SPECIFIC (e.g. bird), GENERAL (e.g. animal), ABSTRACT (e.g. advice), and EMOTIONAL (e.g. love). These wordtypes were compared using a dichotic listening paradigm and a semantic category classification task. Response times (RTs) were measured when participants classified testwords as concrete or abstract. In line with previous findings, words were expected to be processed faster following right-ear presentation. However, lexical specificity and emotional arousal were predicted to modulate response times differently depending on the ear of presentation. For left-ear presentation, relatively faster RTs were predicted for SPECIFIC and EMOTIONAL words as opposed to GENERAL and ABSTRACT words. An interaction of ear and wordtype was found. For right-ear presentation, RTs increased as testwords’ imageability decreased along the span SPECIFIC–GENERAL–EMOTIONAL–ABSTRACT. In contrast, for left ear presentation, EMOTIONAL words were processed fastest, while SPECIFIC words gave rise to long RTs on par with those for ABSTRACT words. Thus, the prediction for EMOTIONAL words presented in the left ear was borne out, whereas the prediction for SPECIFIC words was not. This might be related to previously found differences in processing of stimuli at a global or local level.
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| 34. |
- Blomberg, Frida, et al.
(author)
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Lexical specificity, imageability and emotional arousal modulate the N400 and the N700
- 2016
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In: 8th Annual Meeting of the Society for the Neurobiology of Language. SNL 2016. ; , s. 207-207
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: The event-related potential (ERP) componentN400 as well as a later effect, often labeled ‘N700’ haverepeatedly been shown to increase for concrete as compared to abstract words (Barber, Otten, Kousta, & Vigliocco, 2013; Gullick, Mitra, & Coch, 2013; Kounios & Holcomb, 1994; Nittono, Suehiro, & Hori, 2002; West & Holcomb, 2000). In addition, pseudowords elicit greater N400s than real words (Lau, Phillips, & Poeppel, 2008). Previous interpretations of the N400 as indexing contextual integration or alternatively, activation of semantic features in long-term memory, do notfully explain the combination of these differences. The present study compared ERPs in the N400 and N700 time-windows for PSEUDOWORDS (e.g. ‘danalod’) and four noun categories differing in specificity and imageability: (SPECIFIC, e.g. ‘squirrel’, GENERAL, e.g. ‘animal’, EMOTIONAL, e.g. ‘happiness’ and ABSTRACT, e.g. ‘tendency’).Methods: EEGwas recorded from 32 scalp electrodes and response times were measured while 35 healthy, right-handed native Swedish speakers (age 20-37) performed an imageability rating (IR) task and a lexical decision (LD) task. The stimuli were 160 written nouns, 40 each of the above-mentioned semantic categories, and 160 phonologically legal pseudowords. Statistical comparisons of ERPs in the N400 (300-500 ms post-stimulus onset) and N700 (500-800 ms post-stimulus onset) time-windows were carried out using within-subjects ANOVAs.Results: In the LD task, N400 amplitudes increasedin the order EMOTIONAL < ABSTRACT < GENERAL < SPECIFIC < PSEUDOWORD. A largely similar pattern wasfound in the IR task as well as in the N700 time-window ofboth tasks. N400 and N700 effects were found for SPECIFIC-GENERAL test words also when they were matched for imageability, indicating that something other than imageabilityper se was driving the effects.Conclusion: The pattern of ERPamplitudes seen in the present study could be explained by a model which assumes that words with larger numbers of associated words in the mental lexicon yield smaller N400s, for example abstract as compared to concrete words and real words as compared to pseudowords. The fact that N400 andN700 effects were found for SPECIFIC-GENERAL test wordseven when they were matched for imageability indicates that other factors, possibly related to hierarchical semantic relationsbetween concrete noun categories, drive the effect. In line withthe suggested model, this might be explained by superordinate GENERAL nouns having a larger number of lexical associates than SPECIFIC nouns.References:Barber, H. A., Otten, L. J., Kousta, S.-T., & Vigliocco, G. (2013). Brain and Language, 125(1), 47–53.Gullick, M. M., Mitra, P., & Coch, D. (2013). Psychophysiology, 50(5), 431–440.Kounios, J., & Holcomb, P. J. (1994). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20(4), 804–823.Lau, E. F., Phillips, C., & Poeppel, D. (2008). Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(12), 920–933.Nittono, H., Suehiro, M., & Hori, T. (2002). International Journal of Psychophysiology, 1–11.West, W. C., & Holcomb, P. J. (2000). Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12(6), 1024–1037.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Blomberg, Frida, et al.
(author)
-
The role of affective meaning, semantic associates, and orthographic neighbours in modulating the N400 in single words
- 2020
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In: The Mental Lexicon. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1871-1340 .- 1871-1375. ; 15:2, s. 161-188
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The N400 has been seen to be larger for concrete than abstract words, and for pseudowords than real words. Using a word vector analysis to calculate semantic associates (SA), as well as ratings for emotional arousal (EA), and a measure of orthographic neighbourhood (ON), the present study investigated the relation between these factors and N400 amplitudes during a lexical decision task using Swedish word stimuli. Four noun categories differing in concreteness: specific (squirrel), GENERAL (animal) emotional (happiness) and abstract (tendency) were compared with pseudowords (danalod). Results showed that N400 amplitudes increased in the order emotional < abstract < GENERAL < specific < PSEUDOWORD. A regression analysis showed that the amplitude of the N400 decreased the more semantic associates a word had and the higher the rating for emotional arousal it had. The N400 also increased the more orthographic neighbours a word had. Results provide support for the hierarchical organisation of concrete words assumed in lexical semantics. They also demonstrate how affective information facilitates meaning processing.
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| 37. |
- Bogoeva, Vanya, et al.
(author)
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Ruthenium porphyrin-induced photodamage in bladder cancer cells
- 2016
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In: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 1572-1000 .- 1873-1597. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive treatment for solid malignant and flat tumors. Light activated sensitizers catalyze photochemical reactions that produce reactive oxygen species which can cause cancer cell death. In this work we investigated the photophysical properties of the photosensitizer ruthenium(II) porphyrin (RuP), along with its PDT efficiency onto rat bladder cancer cells (AY27). Optical spectroscopy verified that RuP is capable to activate singlet oxygen via blue and red absorption bands and inter system crossing (ISC) to the triplet state. In vitro experiments on AY27 indicated increased photo-toxicity of RuP (20 mu M, 1811 incubation) after cell illumination (at 435 nm), as a function of blue light exposure. Cell survival fraction was significantly reduced to 14% after illumination of 20 mu M RuP with 15.6 J/cm(2), whereas the "dark toxicity" of 20 mu M RuP was 17%. Structural and morphological changes of cells were observed, due to RuP accumulation, as well as light-dependent cell death was recorded by confocal microscopy. Flow cytometry verified that PDT-RuP (50 mu M) triggered significant photo-induced cellular destruction with a photoxicity of (93% +/- 0.9%). Interestingly, the present investigation of RuP-PDT showed that the dominating mode of cell death is necrosis. RuP "dark toxicity" compared to the conventional chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin was higher, both evaluated by the MIT assay (24 h). In conclusion, the present investigation shows that RuP with or without photoactivation induces cell death of bladder cancer cells. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 38. |
-
Brain Talk : discourse with and in the brain : papers from the first Birgit Rausing Language Program Conference in Linguistics, Lund, June 2008
- 2009
-
Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Brain Talk had as its theme, different aspects of language processing in the brain. The contributions focussed on the importance of context for the neurocognitive processing of language and speech in various communicative situations. The present volume, the first in the Birgit Rausing Language program conference series, contains papers from the Brain talk conference. They have been grouped in to six general areas of research in language processing in the brain: Lexicon, Syntax, Pragmatics, Prosody, Processing and modelling, and Clinical aspects.
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| 39. |
- Brandin, Mathias, et al.
(author)
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The Synchrotron Radiation and Free Electron Laser Project MAX IV at MAX-lab
- 2008
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In: Journal of Physics Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 100
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The proposed MAX IV facility at MAX-lab, Lund University is presented. The project consists of two storage rings at 1.5 and 3 GeV respectively, a 3 GeV linac injector, a facility for short pulses and a Free Electron Laser. The storage rings will cover a broad spectral range and are designed to reach the diffraction limit in a large wavelength range. A new innovative magnet concept and lattice form the back bone of the ring design. Short photon pulses will be generated with compressed pulses from the linac system and coherent pulses by a Free Electron Laser operating in the HGHG mode. The project has received the highest marks in the scientific evaluations both concerning machine design and scientific program.
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| 40. |
- Bäck, Marcus, et al.
(author)
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Tyrosine Side-Chain Functionalities at Distinct Positions Determine the Chirooptical Properties and Supramolecular Structures of Pentameric Oligothiophenes
- 2020
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In: ChemistryOpen. - : Wiley. - 2191-1363. ; 9:11, s. 1100-1108
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Control over the photophysical properties and molecular organization of pi-conjugated oligothiophenes is essential to their use in organic electronics. Herein we synthesized and characterized a variety of anionic pentameric oligothiophenes with different substitution patterns of L- or D-tyrosine at distinct positions along the thiophene backbone. Spectroscopic, microscopic, and theoretical studies of L- or D-tyrosine substituted pentameric oligothiophene conjugates revealed the formation of optically active pi-stacked self-assembled aggregates under acid conditions. The distinct photophysical characteristics, as well as the supramolecular structures of the assemblies, were highly influenced by the positioning of the L- or D-tyrosine moieties along the thiophene backbone. Overall, the obtained results clearly demonstrate how fundamental changes in the position of the enantiomeric side-chain functionalities greatly affect the optical properties as well as the architecture of the self-assembled supramolecular structures.
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| 41. |
- Börjesson, L., et al.
(author)
-
Green liquor clarification method for cellulose pulp production, involves using filtering layer which is made of membrane material with pores having predetermined pore size.
- 2009
-
Patent (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- NOVELTY - The green liquor clarification method involves filtering of flowing suspension containing solids and bringing in contact with a first filter unit (4). The filter unit consists of filter elements (12) with filter bodies having filter channels. A part of the suspension is forced to pass through the filtering layer to forming a filtrate while the solids substantially remain in a residual part of the suspension forming a slurry. The filtering layer is made of a membrane material with pores having a pore size of 0.1-10 micrometer (um), more preferred 0.1-5 um and most preferred 0.2-1.0 um. USE - Green liquor clarification method for cellulose pulp production. ADVANTAGE - Provides a filtering process which is a continuous process with no build up of a filter cake and is very effective in leading to a very high separation degree of dregs which is up to almost 100 percent and the filtrated green liquor is almost free from slurry. Characteristic green color of the green liquor is removed with the dregs which simplifies the identification both of disturbances in the filtration process and in the recovery flimace under normal operating conditions. Investment costs for the cross-flow filtration equipment is very minimal. The space required is much smaller than the space required for the sedimentation tanks. Minimizes oxidation of the valuable sulfide content of the green liquor since there is no contact with the surrounding air, nor is pressurized air used in the equipment. The closed system with no contact with surrounding air or use of vacuum shows that the temperature of the green liquor is maintained at a high level. The modular design of the filters facilitates an incremental capacity increase with minimal investment cost. Provides a simple system with minimal moving parts so less labor is needed for oversight and maintenance. Provides less lime make-up or decreased content of inerts in the lime at the same make-up rate due to less particles in the green liquor Less dregs carryover improves clarification of white liquor and improves mud dewatering and lower energy consumption. Enables efficient removal of non-process elements for minimum operation cost and low landfill volumes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an arrangement for green liquor clarification. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic of an arrangement for cleaning green liquor using cross-flow filtration. First filter unit (4) Filter elements (12) Conduit (21) Tank (40) Collecting tank (42)
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| 42. |
- Carlsson, Karin, et al.
(author)
-
Effects on the conformation of FVIIa by sTF and Ca(2+) binding : Studies of fluorescence resonance energy transfer and quenching
- 2011
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In: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 413:4, s. 545-549
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The apparent length of FVIIa in buffer solution was estimated by a FRET analysis. Two fluorescent probes, fluorescein linked to an inhibitor (FPR-chloromethyl ketone) and a rhodamine derivative (tetramethylrhodamine-5-maleimide), were covalently attached to FVIIa. The binding site of fluorescein was in the PD whereas rhodamine was positioned in the Gla domain, thus allowing a length measure over approximately the whole extension of the protein. From the FRET measurements the distances between the two probes were determined to 61.4 for free FVIIa and 65.5 Å for FVIIa bound to the soluble TF (sTF). Thus, the apparent distance from the FRET analysis was shown to increase with 4 Å upon formation of a complex with sTF in solution. However, by considering how protein dynamics, based on recently published molecular dynamics simulations of FVIIa and sTF:FVIIa (Ohkubo et al., 2010 J. Thromb. Haemost. 8, 1044-1053), can influence the apparent fluorescence signal our calculations indicated that the global average conformation of active-site inhibited FVIIa is nearly unaltered upon ligation to sTF. Moreover, it is known that Ca2+ binding leads to activation of FVIIa, and we have for the first time demonstrated conformational changes in the environment of the active site upon Ca2+ binding by direct measurements, previously suggested based on indirect measurements (Persson & Petersen, 1995 Eur. J. Biochem. 234, 293-300). Interestingly, this Ca2+-induced conformational change can be noted even in the presence of an inhibitor. By forming the sTF:FVIIa complex the conformational change of the active site is further developed, leading to a more inaccessible active-site located probe.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Carlsson, Richard, et al.
(author)
-
Core Erlang 1.0 language specification
- 2000
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We describe a core language for the concurrent functional language Erlang, aptly named “Core Erlang”, presenting its grammar and informal static and dynamic semantics relative to Erlang. We also discuss built-in functions and other open issues, and sketch a syntax tree representation.
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| 46. |
- Chateau, Denis, et al.
(author)
-
Long Distance Enhancement of Nonlinear Optical Properties Using Low Concentration of Plasmonic Nanostructures in Dye Doped Monolithic Sol-Gel Materials.
- 2016
-
In: Advanced Functional Materials. - Weinheim : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 26:33
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Monolithic sol-gel silica composites incorporating platinum-based chromophores and various types of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are prepared and polished to high optical quality. Their photophysical properties are investigated. The glass materials show well-defined localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorbance from the visible to NIR. No redshifts of the AuNP plasmon absorption peaks due to the increase in nanoparticle doping concentration are observed in the glasses, proving that no or very small SPR coupling effects occur between the AuNPs. At 600 nm excitation, but not at 532 nm, the AuNPs improve the nonlinear absorption performance of glasses codoped with 50 × 10−3 m of a Pt-acetylide chromophore. The glasses doped with lower concentrations of AuNPs (2-5 μm average distance) and 50 × 10−3 m in chromophore, show a marked improvement in nonlinear absorption, with no or only small improvement for the more highly AuNP doped glasses. This study shows the importance of excitation wavelength and nanoparticle concentration for composite systems employing AuNPs to improve two-photon absorption of chromophores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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| 47. |
- Chateau, Denis, et al.
(author)
-
Silica hybrid sol-gel materials with unusually high concentration of Pt-organic molecular guests : Studies of luminescence and nonlinear absorption of light
- 2012
-
In: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - Washington : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 4:5, s. 2369-2377
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of new photonic materials is a key step towards improvement of existing optical devices and for the preparation of a new generation of systems. Therefore synthesis of photonic hybrid materials with a thorough understanding and control of the microstructure-to-properties relationships is crucial. In this perspective, a new preparation method based on fast gelation reactions using simple dispersion of dyes without strong covalent bonding between dye and matrix has been developed. This new sol-gel method is demonstrated through synthesis of monolithic siloxane-based hybrid materials highly doped by various platinum(II) acetylide derivatives. Concentrations of the chromophores as high as 400 mM were obtained and resulted in unprecedented optical power limiting (OPL) performance at 532 nm of the surface-polished solids. Static and time-resolved photoluminescence of the prepared hybrid materials were consistent with both OPL data and previous studies of similar Pt(II) compounds in solution. The impacts of the microstructure and the chemical composition of the matrix on the spectroscopic properties, are discussed.
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| 48. |
- Connolly, Stuart J., et al.
(author)
-
Andexanet for Factor Xa Inhibitor-Associated Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- 2024
-
In: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793. ; 390:19, s. 1745-1755
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage who are receiving factor Xa inhibitors have a risk of hematoma expansion. The effect of andexanet alfa, an agent that reverses the effects of factor Xa inhibitors, on hematoma volume expansion has not been well studied. Methods We randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients who had taken factor Xa inhibitors within 15 hours before having an acute intracerebral hemorrhage to receive andexanet or usual care. The primary end point was hemostatic efficacy, defined by expansion of the hematoma volume by 35% or less at 12 hours after baseline, an increase in the score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of less than 7 points (scores range from 0 to 42, with higher scores indicating worse neurologic deficit) at 12 hours, and no receipt of rescue therapy between 3 hours and 12 hours. Safety end points were thrombotic events and death. Results A total of 263 patients were assigned to receive andexanet, and 267 to receive usual care. Efficacy was assessed in an interim analysis that included 452 patients, and safety was analyzed in all 530 enrolled patients. Atrial fibrillation was the most common indication for factor Xa inhibitors. Of the patients receiving usual care, 85.5% received prothrombin complex concentrate. Hemostatic efficacy was achieved in 150 of 224 patients (67.0%) receiving andexanet and in 121 of 228 (53.1%) receiving usual care (adjusted difference, 13.4 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6 to 22.2; P=0.003). The median reduction from baseline to the 1-to-2-hour nadir in anti-factor Xa activity was 94.5% with andexanet and 26.9% with usual care (P<0.001). Thrombotic events occurred in 27 of 263 patients (10.3%) receiving andexanet and in 15 of 267 (5.6%) receiving usual care (difference, 4.6 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.1 to 9.2; P=0.048); ischemic stroke occurred in 17 patients (6.5%) and 4 patients (1.5%), respectively. There were no appreciable differences between the groups in the score on the modified Rankin scale or in death within 30 days. Conclusions Among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who were receiving factor Xa inhibitors, andexanet resulted in better control of hematoma expansion than usual care but was associated with thrombotic events, including ischemic stroke. (Funded by Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease and others; ANNEXA-I ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03661528.).
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| 49. |
- Djerf, Henrik, et al.
(author)
-
Cost-effectiveness of revascularization in patients with intermittent claudication.
- 2018
-
In: The British journal of surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2168 .- 0007-1323. ; 105:13, s. 1742-1748
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Revascularization is a treatment option for patients with intermittent claudication. However, there is a lack of evidence to support its long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of revascularization and best medical therapy (BMT) with that of BMT alone.Data were used from the IRONIC (Invasive Revascularization Or Not in Intermittent Claudication) RCT where consecutive patients with mild-to-severe intermittent claudication owing to aortoiliac or femoropopliteal disease were allocated to either BMT alone (including a structured, non-supervised exercise programme) or to revascularization together with BMT. Inpatient and outpatient costs were obtained prospectively over 24 months of follow-up. Mean improvement in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) was calculated based on responses to the EuroQol Five Dimensions EQ-5D-3 L™ questionnaire. Cost-effectiveness was assessed as the cost per QALY gained.A total of 158 patients were randomized, 79 to each group. The mean cost per patient in the BMT group was €1901, whereas it was €8280 in the group treated with revascularization in addition to BMT, with a cost difference of €6379 (95 per cent c.i. €4229 to 8728) per patient. Revascularization in addition to BMT resulted in a mean gain in QALYs of 0·16 (95 per cent c.i. 0·06 to 0·24) per patient, giving an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of €42 881 per QALY.The costs associated with revascularization together with BMT in patients with intermittent claudication were about four times higher than those of BMT alone. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of revascularization was within the accepted threshold for public willingness to pay according to the Swedish National Guidelines, but exceeded that of the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines.
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| 50. |
- Djerf, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Editor's Choice - Cost Effectiveness of Primary Stenting in the Superficial Femoral Artery for Intermittent Claudication: Two Year Results of a Randomised Multicentre Trial
- 2021
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In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884. ; 62:4, s. 576-582
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Invasive treatment of intermittent claudication (IC) is commonly performed, despite limited evidence of its cost effectiveness. IC symptoms aremainly caused by atherosclerotic lesions in the superficial femoral artery (SFA), and endovascular treatment is performed frequently. The aimof this studywas to investigate its cost effectiveness vs. noninvasive treatment. Methods: One hundred patients with IC due to lesions in the SFA were randomised to treatment with primary stenting, best medical treatment (BMT) and exercise advice (stent group), or to BMT and exercise advice alone (control group). Patients were recruited at seven hospitals in Sweden. For this analysis of cost effectiveness after 24 months, 84 patients with data on quality adjusted life years (QALY; based on the EuroQol Five Dimensions EQ5D 3L (TM) questionnaire) were analysed. Patient registry and imputed cost data were used for accumulated costs regarding hospitalisation and outpatient visits. Results: The mean cost per patient was (SIC)11 060 in the stent group and (SIC)4 787 in the control group, resulting in a difference of (SIC)6 273 per patient between the groups.The difference in mean QALYs between the groups was 0.26, in favour of the stent group, which resulted in an incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) of (SIC)23 785 per QALY. Conclusion: The costs associated with primary stenting in the SFA for the treatment of IC were higher than for exercise advice and BMT alone. With concurrent improvement in health related quality of life, primary stenting was a cost effective treatment option according to the Swedish national guidelines (ICER < (SIC)50 000 - (SIC)70 000) and approaching the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence threshold for willingness to pay (ICER < 20 pound 000 - 30 pound 000). From a cost effectiveness standpoint, primary stenting of the SFA can, in many countries, be used as an adjunct to exercise training advice, but it must be considered that successful implementation of structured exercise programmes and longer follow up may alter these findings.
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