| 1. |
- Cocq, Coppélie, Professor, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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A web experience exploring spatio–linguistic data : the case of place-making signs in northern Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Maps. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1744-5647. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has highlighted the limitations encountered in representing the dynamism of language use and contacts. Here, linguistic landscapes from five towns in Northern Sweden are the point of departure for investigating novel perspectives through the geovisualization of multilingualism, with the ultimate aim of understanding how languages in our surroundings help construct public spaces. As an outcome, a web GIS application, based on 6865 thematically analyzed photographs, was developed as an interactive resource for visualizing and sharing the data and enabling new modes of analysis and new research questions. The article describes the data collection and curation processes, app development using GIS software and software-as-a-service, the eventual app design and interaction, and the update and maintenance plans, as well as discussing challenges and considerations related to temporalities, spatialities, and technicalities. The web GIS has potential applications in spatial analysis, research communication, and education.
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| 2. |
- Cocq, Coppélie, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Developing methods for the study of linguistic landscapes in sparsely populated areas
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article focuses on the methodology developed in a mixed-method study situated in sparsely populated areas in Sweden within a project that aims at investigating the role of language in place-making and in relation to various groups. These areas have a rich history of multilingualism as well as a more recent influx of multilingualism - the former usually in the form of Indigenous Sámi language and national minority languages; the latter being for example tourism from many parts of the world or refugees.The article discusses a mixed-methods approach that includes textual and numerical data, as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis. Register data is both used to select sites for investigation and for the interpretation of the data.The article further focuses on coding and categorizing signs for linguistic code, status, space and function as well as some on methodological issues and challenges that have occurred along the process.
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| 3. |
- Cocq, Coppélie, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Maps for Linguistic Diversity
- 2021
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Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. ; , s. 224-229
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Documenting and analyzing how multilingualism materializes around us gives insights in the use, hierarchies and inclusions of languages in society. The visualization of these insights, however, is often challenging as characteris- tics of languages, their flows, movements etc. demand contextualization and clar- ifications that can be difficult to render on a visualization model such as a map. This paper discusses the challenges of visualization and the potentials of digital maps in Linguistic Landscape Studies. We suggest to include and integrate vari- ous layers of qualitative and quantitative data in order to strive for rendering the dynamism of language use.
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| 4. |
- Cocq, Coppélie, Professor, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Multilingualism in the North: From Baklava to Tre Kronor
- 2022
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Ingår i: Languages. - : MDPI. - 2226-471X. ; 7:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores processes of place-making through the study of the linguistic landscape of a small-size town in Northern Sweden. The analysis of signs is used as a tool for examining the role and visibility of actors in the landscape. For this purpose, we examine who the authors are, what forms of multilingualism can be observed, and who has agency in the place-making of the public space. Our documentation consists of photos and fieldnotes from observations, encounters, and conversations with people during ethnographic fieldwork in 2019. Using a mixed-methods approach, all signs were first analysed quantitatively according to the categories of authors and function. Regression analysis was used to explore correlations between the categories. Secondly, multilingual signs were analysed qualitatively regarding their function and purpose in relation to their contexts. Our results illustrate a city centre with a strong presence of the Swedish language. Multilingual signs target specific groups and are intended for information, advertisement, rules and regulations; moreover, our findings indicate that the opportunities for private actors to influence the linguistic landscape are limited. The form of multilingualism in this context—visible multilingualism present mainly through English—is different from the one we can see in the socio-demographic data.
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| 5. |
- Granstedt, Lena, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Hybrid language use in urban landscapes of northern Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sociolinguistic variation in urban linguistic landscapes. - Helsinki : The Finnish Literature Society. - 9789518588729 - 9789518588705 ; , s. 37-50
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Lindgren, Eva, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Driving from the center to the periphery? : The diffusion of private cars in Sweden, 1960-1975
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport History. - : Manchester University Press. - 0022-5266 .- 1759-3999. ; 31:2, s. 164-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diffusion of private cars in Sweden has not yet been examined in a national long-run perspective covering all individuals. This article enquires whether the diffusion of private cars followed the overall socioeconomic and geographical changes in Sweden from 1960 to 1975. In particular, it asks if ownership per capita followed changes in incomes or changes in population density (urbanisation). In the 1960s Swedish traffic and regional policy aimed at making the car an instrument of national integration and regional equality, and making it available throughout the country. This article tracks the effects of that policy. The analysis is based on Swedish parish-scale census material that includes all car owners for the years 1960, 1970 and 1975. The conclusion is that income levels were more important than other explanations for the diffusion of private cars in Sweden between 1960 and 1975. National policy goals regarding cars as means of regional integration and equalisation were not fulfilled up to 1975.
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| 7. |
- Lindgren, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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GIS for writing : Applying Geographical Information Systems Techniques to Data Mine Writings' Cognitive Processes
- 2007
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Ingår i: Writing and Cognition. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 9780080450940 ; , s. 83-96
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter presents the use of the Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for data mining and visualising information about cognitive activities involved in writing. The information can be collected from various sources, such as keystroke logs, manual analysis of stimulated recall sessions and think-aloud protocols. After an introduction to the GIS, an English as a foreign language (EFL) writing session is used to explain how to create the various GIS layers from the different information/analysis sources, and show how they can be easily data mined using the GIS techniques to improve our understanding of the cognitive processes in writing. The illustrative graphs used to provide an insight into the methodology are based on keystroke-logged data, manual researcher-based analyses and coded stimulated recall data that were collected after the writing session. Also a tool for visualisation and data mining, the GIS technique can support analysis of the interaction of cognitive processes during writing focusing on the individual writer, differences between writers or the writing processes in general. Depending on the research question, GIS affords the possibility to aggregate data to the level of writers, de-aggregate data in any way chosen or display data as attributes of individuals.
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| 8. |
- Adjei, Evans, et al.
(författare)
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Familial relationships and firm performance : the impact of entrepreneurial family relationships
- 2019
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0898-5626 .- 1464-5114. ; 31:5-6, s. 357-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the family may serve as a resource for entrepreneurs, it has been studied separately in different disciplines. In this paper, we combine the arguments on familial relationships (family firm literature) and skill variety (regional learning literature) to analyse how different forms of entrepreneurial family relationships (co-occurrences) facilitate firm performance, and how familial relationships moderate the effects of skill variety on firm performance. Using longitudinal data (2002-2012) on a sample of privately owned firms with up to 50 employees with matched information on all employees, our results show that entrepreneur children relationship is the dominant dyad familial relationship in family firms. The fixed effects estimates demonstrate that entrepreneurial family relationships do affect firm performance but that this is dependent on the type of familial relationship. Children and spouses show a positive relationship with firm performance while siblings of the entrepreneur show no significant relationship with performance. The estimates further indicate that familial relationships involving spouses abate the negative effects of having too similar or too different types of skills. The paper thus contributes to new knowledge regarding not only whether family relationships matter for performance, but also in what way they matter.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Adjei, Evans Korang, 1984-
(författare)
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Relatedness through kinship : the importance of family co-occurrence for firm performance
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis is to analyse the effects of family co-occurrence and past familial relationships (inherited entrepreneurial abilities) on firm performance. This aim is motivated by the contemporary arguments that social relations (e.g. family ties) are important in the analysis of today’s space economy. In most studies, the point of departure in the analysis of firm performance has often been to analyse and examine the cognitive resources available in a firm, as well as a firm’s geographical closeness to related firms and industries. However, this argument has been challenged, and it is further suggested that social relations, and for that matter family relations (or family co-occurrence), may be important in the analysis of firm performance. To test this argument, the analysis is based on longitudinal data comprising various register data on the Swedish population and firms.To examine the aim, three different but related questions were analysed: the first analysed the prevalence of family employment across different regions and how this affects firm performance; the second examined the relationship between entrepreneurs’ familial relations (co-occurrence of different family relations) and skill variety, on one hand, and how the relationship affects firm performance on the other; and the third examined the effects of present family relations (family firms) and entrepreneurial capital (EC, past family relations) on the survival and growth of new entrants. Questions 1 and 2 were explored by applying simple ordinary least squares (OLS) and fixed effects (FE) regressions, respectively. Question 3 was explored by employing an event-history analysis (survival analysis) to determine the time to exit and OLS for the growth analysis.The results show that family co-occurrence in firms (be they family or non-family firms) positively affect labour productivity. At the same time, the results show that some specific family relationships are more important than others in terms of impacting labour productivity. Moreover, the results indicate that family firms, in particular, benefit the most from having family members employed in the firm, especially when this involves family relationships such as couples and/or children. The co-occurrence of couples and/or children in family firms moderates the negative impacts of similarities and unrelatedness of skills on productivity. The results show that the impacts of family co-occurrence are greater in smaller specialized regions than diverse and larger ones. Thus, while the family positively correlates with firm performance, this is mainly the case in specialized regions. The results further show that family firms are not more resilient, as the literature argues; but this effect is confounded by EC. The implication is that it is not family firms per se that are resilient but rather firms with entrepreneurial experience from parents, especially in rural regions; meanwhile, family firms create more jobs. However, the analysis could not identify a clear regional effect of the role of family firm on job creation. In this sense, the present thesis provides important insight into why the family constitutes an important part of the firm production setup. The findings show that it is necessary and important to consider the family, and family firms, in the larger regional development framework. Moreover, while reflecting on the uniqueness of the family as a social group whose shared identity and mutual trust can enhance firm performance and regional development, we should also not lose sight of the fact that there is a latent risk: it is not a problem—until it becomes a problem.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Adjei, Evans, et al.
(författare)
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Social proximity and firm performance : the importance of family member ties in workplaces
- 2016
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Ingår i: Regional Studies, Regional Science. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2168-1376. ; 3:1, s. 303-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study empirically assesses the role of social proximity, defined as the concentration of family members (FM) in firms, on firm performance. Based on longitudinal micro-data for the period 1995–2010 connecting information on workers and their workplaces in the Swedish labour market, the effects of FM (parents, children, siblings and grandparents) on per capita productivity in 15,359 firms were analysed. The results indicate that FM positively affect firm performance. In particular, the results suggest that in specialized regions (mainly small regions) FM have a positive influence on performance and can thus compensate for relative shortage of regional agglomeration economies.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Bergh, Gösta, et al.
(författare)
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Altered expression of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene in leukemic cell lines inhibits induction of differentiation but not G1-accumulation
- 1997
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Ingår i: Blood. - 1528-0020. ; 89:8, s. 2938-2950
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, RB, has been implicated in tumor suppression, in regulation of the cell cycle, and in mediating cell differentiation. RB is necessary for hematopoiesis in mice, and aberrant RB-expression is associated with the progress and prognosis of leukemia. We have used antisense oligonucleotides, established clones stably expressing an antisense RB construct, and also established clones over expressing the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) to study the role of RB expression in monocytic differentiation induced by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1-alpha-25-dihyroxycholecalciferol (Vit D3) in the monoblastic cell line U-937 and erythroid differentiation induced by transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and hemin in the erythroleukemic cell line K562. A reduction in pRb production in antisense RB-transfected U-937 clones was shown. Antisense oligonucleotides as well as expression of the antisense RB construct suppressed differentiation responses to ATRA or Vit D3, as judged by the capability to reduce nitro blue tetrazolium, by the appearance of monocyte-related cell surface antigens and by morphologic criteria. K562 cells showed decreased differentiation response to TGFbeta1, but not to hemin, when incubated with antisense oligonucleotides. U-937 antisense RB-transfected cells were also suppressed in their ability to upregulate levels of hypophosphorylated pRb when induced to differentiate. Although U-937 cells incubated with antisense oligonucleotides and clones expressing the antisense RB construct were hampered in their ability to differentiate on incubation with ATRA or Vit D3, the induced G0/G1-accumulation was similar to differentiating control cells treated with ATRA or Vit D3. Intriguingly, U-937 clones overexpressing RB were also inhibited in their differentiation response to ATRA or Vit D3 but not inhibited in their ability to respond with G0/G1 accumulation when induced with these substances. The results indicate that pRb plays a role in induced differentiation of U-937 cells as well as K562 cells involving mechanisms that, at least partially, are distinct from those inducing G1 accumulation.
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| 16. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-
(författare)
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Arbetskraftens rörlighet och klusterdynamik. : En studie av IT- och telekomklustren i Kista och Mjärdevi
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Labour mobility can in theory be an efficient channel for knowledge transfer between cluster firms, thus contributing to growth and competitiveness. In the thesis labour mobility in two Swedish ICT clusters is studied. The purpose of the thesis is to develop an understanding of processes of labour mobility in clusters and to investigate whether mobility can be regarded as a cluster advantage. Both interview data and extensive registry data are used in order to analyse processes of mobility at three levels: individual, firm and cluster level.The results show that labour mobility can to some extent be considered a cluster advantage for Swedish ICT firms, since cluster firms are likely to experience a higher level of labour mobility. It is also shown how mobility to and from the clusters contributes to the upgrading of formal competencies within cluster firms. However, the firms themselves are shown to rather focus on staff retention than turnover. To some degree, labour mobility in the Swedish clusters in focus is presumably constrained by the formal institutional framework, as well as by informal rules and agreements between cluster firms. It is argued nonetheless that the sheer potential for mobility and the viability of informal hiring practices in clusters may be viewed as cluster advantages, besides the actual extent of labour mobility.
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| 17. |
- Borggren, Jonathan, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge flows in high-impact firms : how does relatedness influence survival, acquisition and exit?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Geography. - : Oxford University Press. - 1468-2702 .- 1468-2710. ; 16:3, s. 637-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following the impact on regional renewal and employment ascribed to rapidly growing firms (high-impactfirms, HIFs), this paper argues that little is still known in economic geography and business studies todayregarding the mechanisms influencing growth of such firms and, hence, the potential impact on regionalemployment. The aim of this paper is thus to explore how the qualitative content of skills (i.e. the degree ofsimilarity, relatedness and unrelatedness) recruited to a firm during a period of fast growth influences itsfuture success. Our findings, based on a sample of 1,589 HIFs in the Swedish economy, suggest that it is notonly the number of people employed that matters in aiding the understanding of the future destiny of the firms– but also, more importantly, it is the scope of the skills recruited and their proximity to related industries.
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| 18. |
- Borrie, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of stressful events during childhood on adult labour market outcome
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper examines if stressful events during childhood impact the labour market position in adulthood within the Swedish 1973 birth cohort. Empirical analyses are based on individual, longitudinal register data from the ASTRID database covering the total Swedish population between 1960-2008. We will analyze the different ways in which three specific events; parental separation, death of parent(s) and/or frequent migration, affect labour market outcome in an OLS-regression, controlling for family background characteristics. These events can occur in isola- tion or they can be interrelated. It is of importance to examine the effect of one single event as well as the accumulated effect of several events. The 1973 cohort makes an interesting case, since they both have experienced change in the nuclear family system during their childhood, and a period of recession and youth unemployment as well as cutbacks in social policy programmes during their age of labour market entrance. Our study thus focuses on how stressful events in childhood affect children’s life courses in turbulent times.
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| 19. |
- Boschma, Ron, et al.
(författare)
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How does labour mobility affect the performance of plants? : The importance of relatedness and geographical proximity
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Geography. - : Oxford University Press. - 1468-2702 .- 1468-2710. ; 9:2, s. 169-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses the impact of skill portfolios and labour mobility on plantperformance by means of a unique database that connects attributes of individuals to features of plants for the whole Swedish economy. We found that a portfolio of related competences at the plant level increases significantly productivity growth of plants, in contrast to plant portfolios consisting of either similar or unrelated competences. Based on the analysis of 101,093 job moves, we found that inflows of skills that are related to the existing knowledge base of the plant had a positive effect on plant performance, while the inflow of new employees with skills that are already present in the plant had a negative impact. Our analyses also show that geographical proximityinfluences the effect of different skill inflows. Inflows of unrelated skills only contribute positively to plant performance when these are recruited in the same region. Labour mobility across regions only has a positive effect on productivity growth of plants when this concerns new employees with related skills.
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| 20. |
- Boschma, Ron, et al.
(författare)
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Labour market externalities and regional growth in Sweden : the importance of labour mobility between skill-related industries
- 2014
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Ingår i: Regional studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0034-3404 .- 1360-0591. ; 48:10, s. 1669-1690
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the relationship between labour market externalities and regional growth based on real labour flows. In particular, we test for the importance of labour mobility across so-called skill-related industries. We make use of a sophisticated indicator that measures the degree of skill-relatedness between all industries, and we employ actual labour flows between 435 4-digit industries within 72 Swedish functional labour market regions to estimate how labour market externalities are related to regional growth in the period 1998-2002. Both our fixed effect models and GMM-estimates demonstrate that a strong intensity of intra-regional labour flows between skill-related industries impacts positively on regional productivity growth, but less so on regional employment growth. Labour mobility between unrelated industries tends to dampen regional unemployment growth while a high degree of intra-industry labour flows is only found to be associated with rising regional unemployment.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Boschma, Ron, et al.
(författare)
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Labour mobility, related variety and the performance of plants : A Swedish study
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper analyses the impact of skill portfolios and labour mobility on plant performance by means of a unique database that connects attributes of individuals to features of plants for the whole Swedish economy. We found that a portfolio of related competences at the plant level increases significantly productivity growth of plants, in contrast to plant portfolios consisting of either similar or unrelated competences. Based on the analysis of 101,093 job moves, we found that inflows of skills that are related to the existing knowledge base of the plant had a positive effect on plant performance, while the inflow of new employees with skills that are already present in the plant had a negative impact. Our analyses show that inflows of unrelated skills only contribute positively to plant performance when these are recruited in the same region. Labour mobility across regions only has a positive effect on productivity growth of plants when this concerns new employees with related skills.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Brandt, Backa Fredrik, 1972-
(författare)
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Botniabanan - förväntningar i tid och rum på regional utveckling och resande
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis is twofold: to analyze the effects of the expectations on the Bothnia Line on the housing market and expectations on railway use. To fulfill these aims, three questions are considered:1. To what extent is property prices influenced by the expected effects of the Bothnia Line?2. Are there differences in expectations on regional development and future journeys between residents in different locations and with different individual characteristics?3. How are trips to work affected by the expectations on the Bothnia Line and the performance of the train service according to residents in different locations?Property prices are investigated quantitatively with data delivered from Lantmäteriet. The data contains every sold property from 1994 to 2001 in the municipalities of Umeå, Nordmaling, and Örnsköldsvik. Expectations on regional development and future traveling on the Bothnia Line were investigated with two questionnaires conducted in the autumn of 2002.The empirical results from the study of property prices are clear. There are no signs of influence from the Bothnia Line on the property prices close to the railway stations or in the proximity of the railway.The empirical results from the questionnaires reveal a mixed picture of the expectations. In the municipalities located furthest away from the railway, the expectations are low. On the contrary, a large proportion (>75 %) of the residents in municipalities along the railway line believe it can be useful for the population in general when searching for new employment opportunities. This is especially true for males living in Örnsköldsvik. A significantly smaller proportion (≈25 %) believes they will use the railway themselves.One explanation to the geographic variations is that they are a result from an ongoing diffusion process. Residents in Örnsköldsvik were the first ones to have a visual image of the railway since the construction started there. As the construction continues, the expectations might increase in other locations as well. Another possibility is that people only react on word of mouth from someone that actually made a trip before they consider changing the mode of transport. If that is the case, the expectations will increase only after the opening of the railway line.With the exception of residents in Nordmaling, expectations on future journeys with the Bothnia Line are low. The low expectations on journeys on the Bothnia Line might be explained by the lack of attraction between the places along the line. They are satisfied with their present situation and cannot find any rationale to consider other alternatives. It is a different story if they are forced to consider other alternatives. The result from a stated preference study shows that if they are offered employment at another place, the majority is willing to commute.
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| 25. |
- Chaparro, M. Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood family structure and women's adult overweight risk : A longitudinal study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 45:5, s. 511-519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate whether women's adult overweight and obesity risk was associated with their childhood family structure, measured as their mothers' marital status history, during the women's first 18 years of life.METHODS: Using linked register data, we analyzed 30,584 primiparous women born in Sweden in 1975 who were between 19-35 years of age when their height and pre-pregnancy weight was recorded. The outcomes were women's overweight/obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) and the predictor was mothers' marital status history, which was summarized using sequence analysis. We carried out nested logistic regression models adjusting for women's age and maternal sociodemographic characteristics.RESULTS: Mothers' marital status history was summarized into six clusters: stable marriage, stable cohabitation, married then divorcing, cohabiting then separating, varied transitions, and not with father. In fully adjusted models and compared with women whose mothers belonged to the stable marriage cluster: (1) women whose mothers belonged to the other marital status clusters had higher odds of overweight/obesity (odds ratio (OR) ranging 1.15-1.19; p < 0.05); and (2) women whose mothers belonged to the stable cohabitation (OR = 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.14-1.52), cohabiting then separating (OR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.01-1.49), varied transitions (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.11-1.39), and not with father (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.00-1.54) clusters had higher odds of obesity.CONCLUSIONS: Women whose mothers were not in stable marriage relationships had higher odds of being overweight or obese in adulthood. The finding that even women raised in the context of stable cohabitation had higher odds of being overweight or obese is intriguing as these relationships are socially accepted in Sweden.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Chaparro, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Regional inequalities in pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity in Sweden, 1992, 2000, and 2010
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 43:5, s. 534-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate regional differences and time trends in women's overweight and obesity in Sweden. Methods: Using data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register (women aged 18 years, first pregnancy only) and the Total Population Register accessed through the Umea SIMSAM Lab, age-standardized prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity (BMI 25 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI 30 kg/m(2)) were estimated by county for the years 1992, 2000, and 2010. Maps were created using ArcMap v10.2.2 to display regional variations over time and logistic regression analyses were used to assess if the observed trends were significant. Results: The prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and obesity increased significantly in all Swedish counties between 1992, and 2010. In 2010, Sodermanland and Gotland exhibited the highest age-standardized overweight/obesity (39.7%) and obesity (15.1%) prevalence, respectively. The sharpest increases between 1992 and 2010 were observed in Vasterbotten for overweight/obesity (75% increase) and in Gotland for obesity (233% increase). Across the years, Stockholm had the lowest prevalence of overweight/obesity (26.3% in 2010) and obesity (7.3% in 2010) and one of the least steep increases in prevalence of both between 1992 and 2010. Conclusions: Substantial regional differences in pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity prevalence are apparent in Sweden. Further research should elucidate the mechanisms causing these differences.
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| 28. |
- Chihaya Da Silva, Guilherme Kenjy, et al.
(författare)
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Trajectories of Spatial Assimilation or Place Stratification? : A Typology of Residence and Workplace Histories of Newly Arrived Migrants in Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: The international migration review. - : Sage Publications. - 0197-9183 .- 1747-7379. ; 56:2, s. 433-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In most societies, resources and opportunities are concentrated in neighbor-hoods and workplaces occupied by the host population. The spatial assimilationand place stratification theories propose trajectories (the sequences of events)leading to minority and migrant access to or exclusion from these advantageousplaces. However, most previous research on these theories did not ask whethersuch theorized trajectories occur. We apply sequence analysis to decade-long res-idence and workplace histories of newly arrived migrants in Sweden to identify atypology of combined residence-work trajectories. The seven types of trajecto-ries in our typology are characterized by varying degrees of proximity to thehost population in residential neighborhoods and workplaces and by different pat-terns of change in such proximity over time. The pivotal role of socioeconomicgains in spatial assimilation, posited by the namesake theory, is not supported, aswe do not find that migrant employment precedes residence alongside the hostpopulation. The importance of housing-market discrimination for migrants’exclusion from host-dominated spaces, posited by place stratification theory, isonly weakly supported, as we find that migrants from less affluent countries accu-mulate disadvantage over time, likely due to discrimination in both the labor andhousing markets. Our findings also underscore the need for new theories explain-ing migrant residential outcomes which apply to contexts where migrant-denseneighborhoods are still forming.
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| 29. |
- Danley, Therese, 1986-
(författare)
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Rough starts and tough times : geographies of workers and firms in transition
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Economic change can lead to multiple and sometimes conflicting outcomes for workers, employers, and regions. At the center of economic change are the dynamic interactions among diverse workers and firms in specific labor market contexts. This thesis approached those spatial interactions from the perspective of labor market matching, where the different opportunities for workers and firms to match were investigated. This adds to the growing body of literature that seeks to understand what factors are behind the growing regional divergence in earnings and employment, and who is particularly impacted by the uneven labor market changes. To this end, the aim of this thesis was to analyze the regional patterns and outcomes for workers and firms in the labor market matching process. Four quantitative studies were conducted using data from Swedish administrative registers from 1995 to 2012. Given that the dynamics of labor market matching are complex, the studies approached the aim from different angles and for different groups of workers. In particular, the outcomes and patterns were investigated in relation to crucial periods for workers and firms, where frictions in labor market matching could potentially have particularly negative effects. The studies investigated earnings, employment, and hiring for young workers in low-paid jobs, for workers displaced by firm closures, and for new firms competing for survival. The empirical results indicate the importance of a flexible labor market that facilitates the matching process where individuals' existing competencies can be applied and developed. This is a particular challenge for workers who lose their jobs to establishment closures outside the large regions, since the results show that worse job matches and less productive re-employment opportunities are more common and can have particularly negative consequences in smaller and more peripheral regions. However, even if there are more job opportunities in larger regions, the results suggest the opportunities are not necessarily accessible to everyone. Results indicate that workers in low-wage jobs do not benefit from a boost in earnings in larger regions, which may put them in a precarious situation considering the higher cost of living in those regions. Lastly, the thesis highlights the importance of not only individual human capital in determining a job match, but also its relational dimension which captures how well different workers’ skills are matched to one another in the workplace. This was found to be associated with individual earnings recovery after plant closure and new firm survival. The findings call for policies that carefully combine supply- and demand-side approaches in economic development.
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| 30. |
- de Vos, Duco, et al.
(författare)
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Does broadband internet allow cities to 'borrow size'? : Evidence from the Swedish labour market
- 2020
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Ingår i: Regional studies. - : Routledge. - 0034-3404 .- 1360-0591. ; 54:9, s. 1175-1186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Borrowed size refers to the idea that small cities near larger metropolitan centres can reap the advantages of large agglomerations, but without the costs of agglomeration. The study explores whether broadband internet helps such smaller cities to enjoy the labour market benefits of a larger city. Using Swedish micro-data from 2007 to 2015, together with unique data on broadband, suggestive evidence is found that broadband indeed allows smaller cities to reap such benefits. Borrowed size is primarily driven by the overall penetration of broadband in the place of residence, rather than by broadband availability at the residence.
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| 31. |
- Eimermann, Marco, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Downshifting Dutch Rural Tourism Entrepreneurs in Sweden : Challenges, Opportunities and Implications for the Swedish Welfare State
- 2020
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Ingår i: Tourism Employment in Nordic Countries. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030478124 - 9783030478131 ; , s. 303-325
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter offers a much-needed exploration of downshifting in the context of lifestyle migration and tourism entrepreneurship. Analysing results from 12 interviews with Dutch tourism entrepreneurs in rural Sweden, it draws attention to gender issues in male and female reasoning around motivations for migration and their daily business practices. It illustrates gender differences in downshifting, since more women work in tourism, while men find employment in other sectors and in less rural areas. The authors relate this with social and spatial inequality in the Swedish welfare state. They conclude with reflections on implications of increased downshifting practices for Sweden, and suggestions for future research.
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| 32. |
- Eimermann, Marco, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Mobility transitions and rural restructuring in Sweden : a database study of holistic simplifiers
- 2021
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Ingår i: Degrowth and tourism. - London : Routledge. - 9780367335656 - 9780429320590 ; , s. 54-68
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, living simply, and sustainably, has become a legitimate, or even trendy, way for individuals to contribute to a better society in the global North. Rural areas in this context are seen as a place for people who seek voluntary simplicity to resettle, for either business purposes or personal reasons. However, few research has examined the phenomenon of voluntary simplicity in quantitative manner and the mobility aspect is often missing from the general discussion of voluntary simplicity and degrowth literature. This chapter therefore looks at holistic simplifiers, as those who seek voluntary simplicity and move to smaller towns, rural areas or other less affluent or urbanized parts of the country, with the help of longitudinal register data (Statistics Sweden). The results show demographic and economic features of holistic simplifiers and some of them are unexpected, challenging some of the assumptions and definitions of voluntary simplicity. We conclude that the number of holistic simplifier is low in Sweden, and while individuals meet the overall criteria for voluntary simplicity they do not necessarily behave accordingly by cutting down on consumption and living a simpler life. Some possible reasons are discussed and questions for future studies are suggested.
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| 33. |
- Eimermann, Marco, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Nuancing holistic simplicity in sweden : A statistical exploration of consumption, age and gender
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 13:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of sustainable ways of life have hitherto made limited use of register data since, e.g., voluntary simplicity is usually identified through characteristics that cannot be found in data registers. Despite this, claims about these trends have been made in many countries, at times gen-eralising the phenomena both in academia and media, based on anecdotal examples. This article draws on a quantifiable definition of holistic simplicity (Etzioni 1998) that includes certain fully measurable aspects, such as living in more affluent suburbs, moving to less affluent places and a significant reduction in individual work income. Other aspects are partially observable in register data, such as housing and car consumption. The advantage of this study is that it combines relevant theories around voluntary simplicity with register data that capture important characteristics of the entire national population (in this case, in Sweden) and thus, to some extent, also captures the mag-nitude of the phenomena. The article aims to statistically explore different demographic groups’ probability of becoming holistic simplifiers in Sweden, regarding their consumption, gender and age. It discusses opportunities and limitations for advancing our knowledge on voluntary simplicity in Sweden, with current findings suggesting more of the same consumption patterns and only initial paths to degrowth. This is discussed in the context of individuals’ agency in a state such as Sweden, which is changing from collectivist social democratic values to more neo-liberal conditions.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Eliasson, Kent, et al.
(författare)
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Geographical Labour Mobility: Migration or Commuting?
- 2003
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Ingår i: Regional Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0034-3404 .- 1360-0591. ; 37:8, s. 827-837
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ELIASSON K., LINDGREN U. and WESTERLUND O. (2003) Geographical labour mobility: migration or commuting?, Reg. Studies 37, 827–837. In this paper, we examine how individual labour market status and spatial variations in employment opportunities influence interregional job search behaviour and mobility decisions in Sweden. The econometric analysis is based on 290,000 individual observations and refers to the years 1994–95. The empirical results show that the probability of interregional labour mobility unexpectedly decreases with the accessibility to employment opportunities in neighbouring regions. As expected, the findings reveal that accessibility to job openings in surrounding regions significantly increases the likelihood of choosing commuting as the mobility mode.Moreover, the empirical findings indicate that individual unemployment experience increases the likelihood of mobility as well as migration.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Eriksson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Child health and place : How is neighborhood social capital associated with child health injuries?
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 27:Suppl_3, s. 41-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Child health inequalities can be explained by social determinants of health, including neighborhood social capital. Swedish research about place effects on children's health is limited. This project aims to contribute to knowledge on how neighborhood social capital may influence child health in the Swedish context. The overall research questions were: What is the incidence rate of child injuries in the living environments among boys and girls? What are the associations between neighborhood social capital and child injuries?Methods: Child injury data from the Umeå SIMSAM Lab were utilized, with data from all children 0-12 years of age, living in Umeå municipality during 2006-2009. Individual child injury and residential area data were linked to a neighborhood social capital index, where 49 defined neighborhoods were assigned a score from low- high in social capital, based on people’s perceptions about their neighborhoods. Individual, household and neighborhood demographic and socioeconomic variables (country of birth, educational level, income and family type) were also extracted from the Umeå SIMSAM lab. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyze factors associated with child injury.Results: We observed 3930 injury events that occurred in the living environments, experienced by 24 000 children who lived in 14 767 households within 49 neighborhoods. The incidence rate of child injuries was about 72.5/1000 for boys and 60/1000 for girls. The odds for child injures was lower in neighborhoods with high social capital compared to neighborhoods with low social capital (OR 0.87 95%CI 0.80-0.95) after controlling for demographic and socioeconomic factors at individual, household and neighborhood level. The protective effects of neighborhood social capital were stronger for girls than boys.Conclusions: Neighborhood social capital may have a protective effect on child injuries and especially so for girls.Key messages:Neighborhood conditions have a significant influence on child health inequalities in the Swedish context, including inequalities in child injuries.Mobilization of neighborhood social capital might be good investment for reducing child injuries.
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| 38. |
- Eriksson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Coprolite morphotypes from the Upper Cretaceous of Sweden: novel views on an ancient ecosystem and implications for coprolite taphonomy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Lethaia. - : Scandinavian University Press / Universitetsforlaget AS. - 0024-1164. ; 44:4, s. 455-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coprolites (fossilized faeces) are common, yet previously unreported, elements in the Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) shallow-marine strata of Asen, southern Sweden. They are associated with a diverse vertebrate fauna and comprise at least seven different morphotypes that suggest a variety of source animals. Their faecal origin is corroborated by several lines of evidence, including chemical composition (primarily calcium phosphate), external morphology and nature of the inclusions. Preservation in a fossil coquina, interpreted as a taphocoenosis, suggests early lithification promoted by rapid entombment. This would have prevented disintegration of the faecal matter and facilitated transportation and introduction to the host sediment. The coprofabrics can generally be correlated to specific gross morphologies, supporting a morphology-determined coprolite classification. Moreover, having been deposited under presumably comparable taphonomic conditions, variations in coprofabrics infer differences in diet and/or digestive efficiency of the host animal. Size and morphology of the coprolites imply that most, if not all, were produced by vertebrates and the largest specimens infer a host animal of considerable size. Two spiralled coprolite morphotypes yield bone fragments and scales of bony fish, suggesting that the producers were piscivorous sharks. Other coprolites contain inclusions interpreted as the remains of shelled invertebrates, thus indicating that they may have derived from durophagous predators and/or scavengers. The occurrence of small scrapes, tracks and traces on several specimens suggest manipulation of the faeces by other (presumably coprophagous) organisms after deposition. The collective data from the Asen coprolites provide new insights into a shallow-water Late Cretaceous marine ecosystem hitherto known solely from body fossils.
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| 39. |
- Eriksson, Madeleine, 1978-
(författare)
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(Re)producing a periphery : popular representations of the Swedish North
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The discourse on Norrland (literally ‘North land’ in English) as essentially ‘different’ has been(re)produced in literature, politics and science for as long as the idea of ‘Norrland’ has existed. Thus,when investigating the discourse that constructs the identity of Norrland in opposition to a Swedishnational identity, it is important to connect these representations to their contemporary (andchanging) political-economic contexts. The aim of this thesis is to analyze contemporaryrepresentations in news, film, advertising and interviews to show how representations constructstereotypes informed by neoliberal ideals and internationally familiar stereotypes of a traditionalintransigent population positioned in Norrland and a modern and progressive population in theurban South. The findings in this thesis can be summarized as follows. First, Norrland has beenconsistently reproduced, resisted and reworked through various discursive networks and practicesover centuries, as simultaneously authentic and obsolete. Drawing on these discourses makes therepresentations of Norrland in the news become part of a wider discursive network that representsNorrland as an ‘internal other’ within Sweden. Secondly, discourses on Swedish modernity and onneoliberal growth and competition reproduce Norrland and its people as inferior to the rest ofSweden. These representations are reworked and resisted and result in ‘real’ material effects in, forinstance, the news media, place marketing and film. Thirdly, in order to resist these representationsand become part of the ‘modern’, progressive world, places and people need to adjust to neoliberalideals of competitiveness and growth. And, finally, people’s identities are affected by theseneoliberal ideals as they have to relate and react to the representations of different places andpeople and the discourse on the urban as progress. This results in different strategies in theconstruction of narrative identities. I conclude by arguing that these representations serve not onlyas contrasts but also as strategies in the quest to scapegoat certain groups for problems that initiallyoriginated in unequal opportunities and structures of power related to, for instance, ethnicity, class,gender and disabilities – something that is exacerbated by neoliberalist policies and ideologies. Themore pressure is put on individuals and places to produce constant growth, the more certain peopleand places are viewed as ‘unproductive’ and problematic. The problems of depopulation anddiminishing job opportunities in the inland areas of Norrland are thus blamed on the population through the representations of Norrland as an internal ‘other.’
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| 40. |
- Eriksson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of neighbourhood social capital on child injuries : a gender-stratified analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Health and Place. - : Elsevier. - 1353-8292 .- 1873-2054. ; 60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We designed a longitudinal retrospective cohort study to analyse the associations between neighbourhood social capital and child injures. Register data from the Umeå Simsam Lab in Sweden was used to measure child injuries and demographic and socioeconomic factors at individual, household and neighbourhood level. A social capital score from a previous survey was used to measure neighbourhood social capital. We conducted a three-level multilevel negative binomial regression analysis, with children (level 1, N = 77,193) nested within households (level 2, N = 10,465), and households nested within neighbourhoods (level 3, N = 49). The incidence rate of child injuries was lower in high social capital neighbourhoods. When controlling for factors at individual, household and neighbourhood levels, living in a high social capital neighbourhood was protective of injuries among girls, but not among boys. Promoting social capital in local neighbourhoods could be seen as a prevention strategy for injuries among girls.
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| 41. |
- Eriksson, Rikard, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Agglomeration mobility: Effects of localisation, urbanisation, and scale on job changes
- 2008
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : Pion. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 40, s. 2419-2434
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following increased attention being paid to the importance of labour-market processes in relation to knowledge diffusion and learning, this study addresses the influence of agglomeration economies (localisation, urbanisation, and scale) on the propensity to change jobs between and within local labour markets. From the use of longitudinal individual data (1990 ^ 2002), controlling for factors such as age, sex, income, and social relations, the results show that the composition of regional economies influences labour-market dynamism. We identify two cases of intraregional agglomeration mobility, that is, positive effects on job mobility, due to the concentration of similar activities (localisation economies) and the size of the labour market (urbanisation economies). The results also show that localisation economies compensate for regional structural disadvantages connected to small population numbers, as localisation effects in small regions have a significantlypositive effect on intraregional job-mobility rates, even compared with localisation effects in large and diversified metropolitan areas. The results indicate that the concentration of similar activities may be useful for small regions, if high levels of job mobility are crucial for the transfer of knowledge and the performance of firms.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Eriksson, Rikard, 1979-
(författare)
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Labour mobility and plant performance : The influence of proximity, relatedness and agglomeration
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this thesis is to shed new light on the theorizations discussing the economic benefits of geographical clustering in a space economy increasingly characterized by globalization processes. This is made possible through the employment of a plant-perspective and a focus on how the relative fixity and mobility of labour influence plant performance throughout the entire Swedish economy. By means of the longitudinal micro database ASTRID, connecting attributes of individuals to features of plants and localities for the whole Swedish economy, the empirical findings indicate that both localization and urbanization economies produce significant labour market externalities and that such inter-plant linkages positively affect plant performance as compared to the partial effects of relative regional specialization and diversification. Moreover, it is also demonstrated that it is necessary both to distinguish how well the external skills retrieved via labour mobility match the existing knowledge base of plants and to determine the geographical dimension of such flows to verify the relative effect of labour market-induced externalities. Finally, it is demonstrated that whereas general urbanization is beneficial within close distance to the plant, the composition of economic activities is more influential at greater distances. In such cases the geographical dimension influences whether plants benefit from being located in similar or different local settings. In conclusion, it is argued that the circulation of labour skills, created and reproduced through the place-specific industrial setup, is crucial for understanding the mechanisms creating geographical variations in plant performance as compared to other regional conditions often proxied as relative specialization or diversification. This is because the relative fixity of labour tends to create place- and sector-specific skills which by means of their mobility in space are likely to facilitate the recombination of local skills, make the acquirement of non-local skills possible and secure sufficient affinity between economic actors by strengthening other dimensions of proximity – all aspects regarded as crucial to facilitate interactive learning processes and contribute to sustained regional growth.
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| 44. |
- Eriksson, Rikard, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Localized mobility clusters : Impacts of labour market externalities on firm performance
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Geography. - : Oxford University Press. - 1468-2702 .- 1468-2710. ; 9:1, s. 33-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses the impact of labour market-induced externalities on firm performance by using a unique database that connects attributes of individuals to workplaces for the entire Swedish economy. Based on the analysis of 256,985 workplaces, our results show that firms belonging to networks of local job mobility (i.e. ‘localized mobility clusters’) significantly outperform other similar firms within the local labour market. The results also indicate that concentrations of similar and related firms do not explain any considerable part of the variations in firm competitiveness. Labour market externalitiesderived via local job mobility produce significantly more powerful effects for the involved firms as compared to the degree of co-location, diversity and scale.
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| 45. |
- Eriksson, Rikard, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of business climate and people climate on regional performance
- 2014
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Ingår i: Regional studies. - : Regional Studies Association. - 0034-3404 .- 1360-0591. ; 8:6, s. 1135-1155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Creativity and talent are considered key-factors in regional development due to the connection between growth, city regions and human capital. To come to a deeper understanding on the relevance of recent amenity-driven theories and how they are related to employment and GRP at regional level, this paper analyses the influence of business-climate (business friendly assets) and people-climate (amenities). Based on panel-data regressions, we show that both business- and people-climate is related to regional performance. The exact nature of these relationships is however dependent on how both regional performance and business- or people climate is defined.
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| 46. |
- Eriksson, Rikard, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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What about people in evolutionary economic geography?
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years an increasing interest has been directed towards evolutionary processes of economic change following the notion that history matters for future development. These studies put special emphasis on how the spatial structures of the economy emerge from the micro-behaviours of economic agents (often firms). It this paper we argue that while such an approach indeed may provide new and novel insights on the uneven process of economic change, one important aspect of the economy tend to be neglected, namely the spatial behavior and restrictions of people. In this paper, we therefore outline the ideas to a theoretical framework which more thorough integrates evolutionary economic geography with the time-geographical contribution provided by Torsten Hägerstrand and his adherents in order to provide a synthesis between the interdependent dynamic processes occurring in and between place-specific institutions, firms and people. The paper is structured as followed: First, a critical appraisal of recent evolutionary contributions is presented. This is followed by a discussion on the developments made in time-geography the last couple of decades. The paper ends with a concluding section and an empirical example showing that modern micro-simulation techniques may provide useful insights to the evolutionary processes shaping economic change. The empirical example is framed in recent studies analyzing knowledge flows via the job mobility of skilled individuals within and between local labour markets in Sweden.
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| 47. |
- Hane-Weijman, Emelie, 1984-
(författare)
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Returning to Work : geographies of Employment in Turbulent Times
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis adds to theorizations of resilience, by placing workers and employment on the center stage. This has been addressed by contextualizing gross employment changes and workers’ way back to employment after redundancy. Swedish longitudinal microdata from 1990-2010 were used. This made it possible to study employer-employee links that disappeared and appeared, and to follow redundant workers over time and space. The empirical findings conclude there are big regional differences in resilience, absorptive capacity and employment growth. The trajectories of regional net employment growth are diverging – an unequal spatial development that might become reinforced with time as the empirical results show that resilience is a path-dependent phenomenon. Moreover, industry proximity is an important factor when analyzing both regional absorptive capacity and labour matching, thus significantly affecting worker adaptability in times of turbulence.This is explained by the frictions and skill (mis)matching that arise in the labour market and in new employment positions due to industry proximities. A cohesive and diverse region is more resistant to shocks as well as adaptable in the aftermath of the crisis, while a specialized region is more sensitive and less resilient in general. In addition, a worker facing redundancy in a region where there is a big share of the same or related industries to the industry she became redundant from decreases the time to re-employment as there is a big supply of jobs that need similar skills and competences. However, there are significant differences in the mobilities of redundant workers, where some groups are more inclined to diversify into new regions and industries, while some have more invested in the industry and region. However, staying in the same industry that experienced the major lay-off means a less stable employment, but moving into unrelated industries increases the workers’ chances of experiencing skill mismatch and becoming underemployed. Finding a new job in related industries means a more stable employment and increases the chances of upward mobility. In conclusion, based on these findings, it is argued in the thesis that regional branching into related industries is a good regional resilience strategy. However, it needs to be combined with policies aiming for related labour branching as well in order to be able to reallocate skills into new parts of the economy while avoiding skill mismatch. This provides a good base for regional diversification that can result in path re-orientation and renewal.
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| 48. |
- Haugen, Katarina, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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On the importance of forest assets for micro-firm performance
- 2013
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Ingår i: Fennia. - : Suomen Maantieteellinen Seura. - 1798-5617. ; 191:2, s. 122-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Business start-ups are on the increase, a development which is accompanied by hopes that these new firms will generate a potential for, e.g., local and regional development and a strengthening of local labour markets as well as the national economy. However, the long-term performance and viability of new firms are often rather poor. This research aims to analyse the importance of ownership of areal resources in the form of forest holdings for the performance of Swedish micro-firms. The analyses are based on official register data and fixed-effects panel regression modelling. A hypothesis is that a firm whose owner also possesses forest holdings is more viable thanks to the different resources (in the form of capital from logging or mortgaging, or non-pecuniary other values) the forest holdings may provide, and which possibly contribute to the firm’s economic stability and resilience to economic fluctuations. From a general point of view, we find support for the hypothesis that forest ownership positively and significantly influences firm performance in terms of earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), but not in terms of value added. Forest ownership is never detrimental to firm performance, although it does not have a significant effect in all sub-categories of entrepreneurs based on different combinations of age, gender and firm type. Particularly, the economic performance of private firms run by older men benefits from resources stemming from their forest holdings. No significant effects were found for female entrepreneurs or for limited companies. As regards regional variations, firms located outside the metropolitan regions – as compared to those at the top of the urban hierarchy – are likely to perform better, thus indicating that local development may benefit from resource transfers from the forest sector to micro-firms engaged in non-primary activities.
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| 49. |
- Hellström, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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A population-based 220,014- injury event cohort 1993-2014 Umeå, Sweden
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Injury kills more people than AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis—together. In rich countries fall injuries dominate quantitatively, while other mechanisms as traffic and occupational injuries decrease. This is a descriptive macro-perspective of the entire injury as a data repository and reference to further more comprehensive studies, e.g., socio-demography, comorbidity, drugs and trauma recidivism.A population-based registration of patients admitted to an emergency department was done 1993-2014.Of the 220,014 injury events, 43% were fall injuries, 12% transportation injuries; assault 4%; 18% were hospitalized; 0.2% were fatal. Young men and old women were at the highest risk for injury. There were 23% fractures in the entire material, increasing to 40% in senescence, whereof 40% hip fractures. With age, fracture locations changed from distal to proximal, and from upper to lower extremity. Fall injuries accounted for 80% of all trauma-related hospital days, mostly old people. The spatial distribution of the population is heavily skewed, spanning from urban core areas to rural peripheries.This is a description of a population-based injury panorama to further studies linking cause, mechanism and type of injury to available medical, sociologic and economic information. Age and sex affected the type, soft tissue injury/fracture and anatomic location, i.e., proximal/distal and upper/lower extremity. At the beginning and end of life, endogenic risk factors are more dominant than in adulthood where exogenic factors dominate. It therefore seems reasonable to believe that it should be possible to substantially prevent injuries by using multipronged analyses to design specific interventions. Injuries are not accidents.
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| 50. |
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