| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Bardel, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Aspects of lexical sophistication in advanced learners' oral production vocabulary acquisition and use in l2 french and italian
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Studies in Second Language Acquisition. - 0272-2631 .- 1470-1545. ; 34:2, s. 269-290
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reports on the design and use of a profiler for lexical sophistication (i.e., use of advanced vocabulary), which was created to assess the lexical richness of intermediate and advanced Swedish second language (L2) learners' French and Italian. It discusses how teachers' judgments (TJs) of word difficulty can contribute to the methodology for lexical profiling and compares two methods, one purely frequency based and one modified on the basis of TJs of word difficulty. It has been suggested elsewhere that factors other than frequency play an important role in vocabulary acquisition. Here it is argued that cognates and thematic vocabulary related to teaching materials, although infrequent in target language (TL) corpora, should not necessarily be considered advanced and that analyses of learners' lexical sophistication would benefit from integrating these aspects. In this study, the frequency-based method normally used in lexical profiling was modified by recategorizing some low-frequency words considered easy by many teachers. On the basis of the TJs, a basic vocabulary, which consisted mainly of high-frequency words but also of cognates and thematic words, was defined, which was based on the fact that teachers judged certain low-frequency cognates and thematic words as relatively easy. Using the modified method, learners' lexical profiles were found to be more homogeneous within groups of learners at specific proficiency levels. The superiority of the new method over the purely frequency-based one was shown when comparing effect sizes. It is argued that this method gives a more correct picture of advanced L2 lexical profiles.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bardel, Camilla, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Developing a lexical profiler for spoken French and Italian L2 : The role of frequency, cognates and thematic vocabulary
- 2011
-
Ingår i: EUROSLA Yearbook. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1568-1491 .- 1569-9749. ; 11, s. 75-93
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is a follow-up to Lindqvist et al. (to press), where we investigated lexical frequency profiles of learners of French and Italian at different proficiency levels. By analyzing the proportion of low-frequency words used by the learners, we could distinguish proficiency levels that differ significantly at group level and correspond to morphosyntactic proficiency levels. However, some individual results within the groups indicated a need to analyze individual profiles in order to get a better picture of the actual quality of the learner’s vocabulary knowledge. The present study focuses on thematic vocabulary and cognates among the low-frequency words used by learners at different proficiency levels. We suggest that investigating qualitative aspects of learners’ word knowledge is a fruitful complement to traditional lexical profiling analysis. Such a combination can lead to a more complete picture of learners’ lexical profiles. Although we are aware that word frequency is known to be a powerful factor in vocabulary acquisition, our on-going research aims at developing a more general lexical profiler that integrates additional aspects that we have found to be relevant for learnability.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bardel, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Multilingualism in Sweden
- 2013
-
Ingår i: <em>Current Multilingualism</em>. - Boston/Berlin : Mouton de Gruyter. ; , s. 247-269
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Bennett, Juliana, 1992, et al.
(författare)
-
Addressing the Swedish large carnivore controversy : identifying roadblocks in collaborative governance to reduce conflict
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Conservation Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-611X. ; 3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Europe, and many places throughout the world, the return, and preservation of large carnivores is escalating tensions between stakeholder groups, as well as between local actors and authorities. In Sweden, despite policies aimed at reducing conflict surrounding wildlife management, tensions seem to have intensified. This research investigates the collaborative governance model within Swedish wildlife management and what dampens the capacity to reduce ongoing tensions. In-depth interviews were conducted with stakeholders at different levels of wildlife management. Through an abductive approach combining empirical data from interviews and theories from the human-wildlife conflict and collaborative governance literature, we problematize the role of regional wildlife managers in this multilevel governance context, in exploration of ways to advance collaboration. Our model analyzes the challenges for wildlife managers to implement government policies based on broad international conventions while remaining accountable to local concerns. The results reveal that issues within the governance structure and relationships within management in terms of lack of legitimacy, trust, and participation, need to be addressed to create a socially viable collaborative governance regime capable of managing conflict.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bergqvist, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Sub-glass transition annealing enhances polymer solar cell performance
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488. ; 2:17, s. 6146-6152
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thermal annealing of non-crystalline polymer: fullerene blends typically results in a drastic decrease in solar cell performance. In particular aggressive annealing above the glass transition temperature results in a detrimental coarsening of the blend nanostructure. We demonstrate that mild annealing below the glass transition temperature is a viable avenue to control the nanostructure of a non-crystalline thiophene-quinoxaline copolymer: fullerene blend. Direct imaging methods indicate that coarsening of the blend nanostructure can be avoided. However, a combination of absorption and luminescence spectroscopy reveals that local changes in the polymer conformation as well as limited fullerene aggregation are permitted to occur. As a result, we are able to optimise the solar cell performance evenly across different positions of the coated area, which is a necessary criterion for large-scale, high throughput production.
|
|
| 9. |
- Bergqvist, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Sub-glass transition annealing enhances polymer solar cell performance
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 2:17, s. 6146-6152
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thermal annealing of non-crystalline polymer:fullerene blends typically results in a drastic decrease in solar cell performance. In particular aggressive annealing above the glass transition temperature results in a detrimental coarsening of the blend nanostructure. We demonstrate that mild annealing below the glass transition temperature is a viable avenue to control the nanostructure of a non-crystalline thiophene–quinoxaline copolymer:fullerene blend. Direct imaging methods indicate that coarsening of the blend nanostructure can be avoided. However, a combination of absorption and luminescence spectroscopy reveals that local changes in the polymer conformation as well as limited fullerene aggregation are permitted to occur. As a result, we are able to optimise the solar cell performance evenly across different positions of the coated area, which is a necessary criterion for large-scale, high throughput production.
|
|
| 10. |
- Bergqvist, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Time-resolved morphology formation of solution cast polymer : fullerene blends revealed by in-situ photoluminescence spectroscopy
- 2015
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The nanoscale morphology of the photo-active layer in organic solar cells is critical for device efficiency. The photoactive layer is cast from solution and during drying both the polymer and the fullerene self-assemble to form a blend. Here, we introduce in-situ spectroscopic photoluminescence (PL) combined with laser reflectometry to monitor the drying process of an amorphous polymer:fullerene blend. When casting only the pristine components (polymer or PCBM only), the strength of PL emission is proportional to the solid content of the drying solution, and both kinetics reveal a rapid aggregation onset at the final stage of film drying. On the contrary, when casting polymer:fullerene blends, the strength of PL emission is proportional to the wet film thickness and reveals polymer/fullerene charge transfer (CT) already at the earliest stages of film drying, i.e. in dilute solutions. The proposed method allows to detect polymer/fullerene phase separation during film casting – from a reduction in the PL quenching rate as the film dries. Poor solvents lead to phase separation already at early stages of film drying (low solid content), resulting in a coarse final morphology as confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). We therefore anticipate that the proposed method will be an important tool in the future development of processing inks, not only for solution-cast polymer:fullerene solar cells but also for organic heterojunctions in general.
|
|
| 11. |
- Bjärstig, Therese, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
(How) Can adaptive moose management contribute to sustainable rural development?
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Welcome to the Anthropocene! The Nordic Environmental Social Science Conference, 11‐13 June 2013. - : University of Copenhagen. ; , s. 154-154
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The concept of adaptive management (AM) is widely advocated as an alternative to traditional top-down management of natural resources around the world. In Sweden, however, AM has only recently been introduced to manage moose. Based on the analytical framework, developed by Pieter Glasbergen (2011), we study the AM of moose as a case of a partnership arrangement within the field of wildlife governance. We put particular attention on how adaptive moose management enables sustainable rural development, since hunting is considered to be an important source of recreation and livelihood in Swedish rural areas. We identify a number of challenges associated to the involved stakeholders’ abilities, willingness and understanding to implement the induced management system. We also emphasis the interactions between the different stakeholders on both vertical and horizontal levels, as well as the tradeoffs the new ecosystem based adaptive local management system generates for rural and urban areas.
|
|
| 12. |
- Bjärstig, Therese, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Partnerships implementing ecosystem-based moose management in Sweden
- 2014
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2151-3732 .- 2151-3740. ; 10:3, s. 228-239
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden is undergoing an extensive transformation from single species management towards ecosystem-based management. This study analyses the implementation of the new moose management system, focusing on the newly formed partnerships at ecosystem level (the moose management areas) and their potential to ease conflicts between participants and develop into sustainable collaborations that enable ecosystem-based management. Empirical evidence was obtained from semi-structured interviews with involved actors (hunters, landowners, wildlife managers and forest consultants) in five Swedish counties. Several challenges, based on the participants’ abilities, willingness and understanding needed to implement the new management system, were identified. Lack of funding, unclear roles and responsibilities appear to be the most serious issues. If these are not properly solved, then they have the potential to hamper and aggravate the implementation of the new management system, that is, the ecosystem-based management, as well as the partnership arrangement.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Bäcke, Olof, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhanced thermal stability of a polymer solar cell blend induced by electron beam irradiation in the transmission electron microscope
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Ultramicroscopy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2723 .- 0304-3991. ; 173, s. 16-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show by in situ microscopy that the effects of electron beam irradiation during transmission electron microscopy can be used to lock microstructural features and enhance the structural thermal stability of a nanostructured polymer:fullerene blend. Polymer:fullerene bulk-heterojunction thin films show great promise for use as active layers in organic solar cells but their low thermal stability is a hindrance. Lack of thermal stability complicates manufacturing and influences the lifetime of devices. To investigate how electron irradiation affects the thermal stability of polymer:fullerene films, a model bulk-heterojunction film based on a thiophene-quinoxaline copolymer and a fullerene derivative was heat-treated in-situ in a transmission electron microscope. In areas of the film that exposed to the electron beam the nanostructure of the film remained stable, while the nanostructure in areas not exposed to the electron beam underwent large phase separation and nucleation of fullerene crystals. UV–vis spectroscopy shows that the polymer:fullerene films are stable for electron doses up to 2000 kGy.
|
|
| 15. |
- Bäcke, Olof, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhanced thermal stability of a polymer solar cell blend induced by electron beam irradiation in the transmission electron microscope
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Ultramicroscopy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2723 .- 0304-3991. ; 176:Spec. Issue, s. 23-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show by in situ microscopy that the effects of electron beam irradiation during transmission electron microscopy can be used to lock microstructural features and enhance the structural thermal stability of a nanostructured polymer:fullerene blend. Polymer:fullerene bulk-heterojunction thin films show great promise for use as active layers in organic solar cells but their low thermal stability is a hindrance. Lack of thermal stability complicates manufacturing and influences the lifetime of devices. To investigate how electron irradiation affects the thermal stability of polymer:fullerene films, a model bulk-heterojunction film based on a thiophene-quinoxaline copolymer and a fullerene derivative was heat-treated in-situ in a transmission electron microscope. In areas of the film that exposed to the electron beam the nanostructure of the film remained stable, while the nanostructure in areas not exposed to the electron beam underwent large phase separation and nucleation of fullerene crystals. UV–vis spectroscopy shows that the polymer:fullerene films are stable for electron doses up to 2000 kGy.
|
|
| 16. |
- Bäcke, Olof, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping fullerene crystallization in a photovoltaic blend: an electron tomography study
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3372 .- 2040-3364. ; 7:18, s. 8451-8456
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formation of fullerene crystals represents a major degradation pathway of polymer/fullerene bulk-heterojunction thin films that inexorably deteriorates their photovoltaic performance. Currently no tools exist that reveal the origin of fullerene crystal formation vertically through the film. Here, we show that electron tomography can be used to study nucleation and growth of fullerene crystals. A model bulk-heterojunction blend based on a thiophene-quinoxaline copolymer and a fullerene derivative is examined after controlled annealing above the glass transition temperature. We image a number of fullerene nanocrystals, ranging in size from 70 to 400 nanometers, and observe that their center is located close to the free-surface of spin-coated films. The results show that the nucleation of fullerene crystals predominately occurs in the upper part of the films. Moreover, electron tomography reveals that the nucleation is preceded by more pronounced phase separation of the blend components.
|
|
| 17. |
- Cinque, Serena, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Frontline bureaucrats in wildlife management: Caught in the dilemma between effectiveness and responsiveness
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Environmental Policy and Governance. - : Wiley. - 1756-932X .- 1756-9338. ; 32:1, s. 17-28
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frontline bureaucrats are positioned at the interface between citizens and the state. They convert political resolution into action and in effect form the core of many public decisions through interaction and communication with both the recipients of those decisions and upper management levels that initiate them. However, dilemmas often arise when frontline bureaucrats attempt to translate political goals and strategies into local administrative praxis. The case of large carnivore management in Sweden will be used to demonstrate the insuperable difficulties that can arise when managers simultaneously need to balance the bureaucratic tasks of planning, executing, and evaluating performed decisions with attending to calls for increased responsiveness to public values in order to improve the delivery of service. This responsiveness is typically reflected through the new principles of public participation and collaboration, which are added to the bureaucracy to support the integration of broader sets of interests, experiences, and knowledge. In such an environment, the work of frontline managers becomes even more crucial in order to balance and align policy goals with the need to enhance public involvement. Our study reveals that in striving to meet the formal policy requirement to implement and lead collaboration (which in turn creates the central dilemma that concerns us here) managers develop strategies to secure effectiveness rather than responsiveness. Actually, they have few possibilities to do, otherwise when the latest policy edict clearly instructs the authorities to oversee the effective implementation and achievement of goals, leaving little opportunity to pursue genuine collaboration.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Diaz de Zerio Mendaza, Amaia, 1986, et al.
(författare)
-
Neat C60:C70 buckminsterfullerene mixtures enhance polymer solar cell performance
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 2:35, s. 14354-14359
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate that bulk-heterojunction blends based on neat, unsubstituted buckminsterfullerenes (C60, C70) and a thiophene–quinoxaline copolymer (TQ1) can be readily processed from solution. Atomic force and transmission electron microscopy as well as photoluminescence spectroscopy reveal that thin films with a fine-grained nanostructure can be spin-coated, which display a good photovoltaic performance. Replacement of substituted fullerenes with C60 or C70 only results in a small drop in open-circuit voltage from 0.9 V to about 0.8 V. Thus, a power conversion efficiency of up to 2.9% can be maintained if C70 is used as the acceptor material. Further improvement in photovoltaic performance to 3.6% is achieved, accompanied by a high internal quantum efficiency of 75%, if a 1 : 1 C60:C70 mixture is used as the acceptor material, due to its improved solubility in ortho-dichlorobenzene.
|
|
| 20. |
- Dressel, Sabrina, et al.
(författare)
-
Achieving Social and Ecological Outcomes in Collaborative Environmental Governance : Good Examples from Swedish Moose Management
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 13:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative governance approaches have been suggested as strategies to handle wicked environmental problems. Evaluations have found promising examples of effective natural resource governance, but also highlighted the importance of social-ecological context and institutional design. The aim of this study was to identify factors that contribute to the achievement of social and ecological sustainability within Swedish moose (Alces alces) management. In 2012, a multi-level collaborative governance regime was implemented to decrease conflicts among stakeholders. We carried out semi-structured interviews with six ‘good examples’ (i.e., Moose Management Groups that showed positive social and ecological outcomes). We found that ‘good examples’ collectively identified existing knowledge gaps and management challenges and used their discretionary power to develop procedural arrangements that are adapted to the social-ecological context, their theory of change, and attributes of local actors. This contributed to the creation of bridging social capital and principled engagement across governance levels. Thus, our results indicate the existence of higher-order social learning as well as a positive feedback from within-level collaboration dynamics to between-level collaboration. Furthermore, our study illustrates the importance of institutional flexibility to utilize the existing knowledge across stakeholder groups and to allow for adaptations based on the social learning process.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
-
EUROSLA Yearbook 12 (2012)
- 2012
-
Ingår i: EUROSLA Yearbook. - Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1568-1491.
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 23. |
- Falk, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
-
The role of L1 explicit metalinguistic knowledge in L3 oral production at the initial state
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Bilingualism. - 1366-7289 .- 1469-1841. ; 18:2, s. 227-235
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study we explore the role of explicit metalinguistic knowledge (MLK) of first language (L1) in the learning of a third language (L3). We compare the oral production of 40 participants with varying degrees of explicit MLK of the L1, who are exposed to a completely new L3. In accordance with the second language (L2) status factor, which is further motivated by the distinction between implicit competence and explicit knowledge (Bardel & Falk, 2012; Paradis, 2009), we hypothesize that the participants with low explicit MLK in their L1 will transfer from their L2, and that the participants with high explicit MLK in the L1 will transfer from their L1. The structure of interest is adjective placement, which is the same in the L1 and the L3 (but not in the participants' L2s). The results show that the degree of explicit MLK in the L1 plays a decisive role at the initial state of L3 learning.
|
|
| 24. |
- Fransson, Moa, et al.
(författare)
-
T regulatory cells lacking CD25 are increased in MS during relapse
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Autoimmunity. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0891-6934 .- 1607-842X. ; 43:8, s. 590-597
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dysregulation of inflammatory responses is considered to be a key element in autoreactive immune responses. T regulatory cells (Tregs) are important to maintain self-tolerance and the role of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Tregs in autoimmunity has been extensively investigated. Recently, it was shown that Tregs in systemic lupus erythematosus lacked CD25 but were biologically functional. These data warrants for further investigation of CD25(- ) Tregs in human autoimmunity. We analyzed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients by multicolor flow cytometry for the expression of CD3, CD4, IL2R (CD25), FoxP3, and the IL7R (CD127). Further, the level of Tregs was compared in remitting and relapsing patients and correlated with disease duration. Patients in relapse exhibited higher levels of FoxP3-positive Tregs lacking CD25 compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05), indicating that Tregs attempt to restrain immune activity during relapse. The proportion of Tregs tended to be decreased with disease duration, while CD25(+)CD4(+) and CD25(+)CD8(+) effector T-cell proportions were elevated and positively correlated with overall disease duration (p < 0.05). In conclusion, while MS patients in remission have normal levels of Tregs of different phenotype, relapsing patients show an increased proportion of systemic CD25(- )FoxP3(+) Tregs. With time, the proportion of Tregs decrease while effector T cells expand.
|
|
| 25. |
- George, Zandra, 1985, et al.
(författare)
-
Improved performance and life time of inverted organic photovoltaics by using polymer interfacial materials
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-0248. ; 133, s. 99-104
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A previously published fluorene based interlayer polymer is here compared to three similar polymers where the fluorene monomer has been exchanged with monomers that have been reported to have a higher photo-chemical stability. The polymer interlayers have been studied in terms of their influence on device performance and stability on inverted devices with an active layer of P3HT:PC61BM. By acting as a hole-blocking layer the polymers are able to increase the efficiency of the devices with similar to 50% compared to devices with an ITO cathode. In addition, the polymers also improve the photo-stability of the devices, mainly as an effect of a reduced decrease in open-circuit voltage and fill factor. This indicates that solution processable polymer interlayers could be a way towards both higher efficiency and improved stability of inverted organic solar cells.
|
|
| 26. |
- George, Zandra, 1985, et al.
(författare)
-
Two-in-one : Cathode modification and improved solar cell blend stability through addition of modified fullerenes
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 4:7, s. 2663-2669
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis of dual purpose modified fullerenes with pyridine-as well as amine-functional groups is reported. Addition of these fullerenes to a polymer : fullerene bulk-heterojunction blend based on a thiophene-quinoxaline donor polymer is found to modify the active layer/cathode interface of inverted solar cells (glass/ITO/active layer/MoO3/Al). In particular the open-circuit voltage of devices is increased from 0.1 V to about 0.7 V, which results in a drastic rise in photovoltaic performance with a power conversion efficiency of up to 3%. At the same time, presence of the functionalised fullerene additives prevents the detrimental formation of micrometre-sized fullerene crystals upon annealing at 140 degrees C. As a result, the device performance is retained, which promises significantly increased thermal stability of the bulk-heterojunction blend nanostructure.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
- Gyllstad, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Looking at L2 Vocabulary Knowledge Dimensions from an Assessment Perspective – Challenges and Potential Solutions.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: L2 vocabulary acquisition, knowledge and use: New perspectives on assessment and corpus analysis. - 9781300884071 ; Eurosla Monographs Series, 2, s. 11-28
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The heightened interest in L2 vocabulary over the last two or three decades has brought with it a number of suggestions of how vocabulary knowledge should be modeled. From a testing and assessment perspective, this paper takes a closer look at some of these suggestions and attempts to tease out how terms like model, dimension and construct are used to describe different aspects of vocabulary knowledge, and how the terms relate to each other. Next, the two widely assumed dimensions of vocabulary breadth and depth are investigated in terms of their viability for testing purposes. The paper identifies several challenges in this regard, among others the questionable assumption that multi-word units like collocations naturally belong in the depth dimension, and problems that follow from the complex and often ill-defined nature of the depth dimension. Suggestions for remedies are provided.
|
|
| 31. |
- Hansson-Forman, Katarina, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
-
Governing Large Carnivores - Comparative Insights from Three Different Countries
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Society and Natural Resources. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; 31, s. 837-852
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018, Published with license by Taylor & Francis © 2018 Katarina Hansson-Forman, Elsa Reimerson, Annelie Sjölander-Lindqvist, and Camilla Sandström. The governance of large carnivores is often surrounded by conflicts. Along with the difficulties of governing large carnivores through centralized, top-down governing and a general shift towards participatory approaches in natural resource governance, this has led many countries to establish various collaborative measures in large carnivore governance–often presented as a catch-all solution to problems of legitimacy, democratic deficit and effectiveness. However, the field of large carnivore governance currently lacks a coherent understanding of strengths and weaknesses of different kinds of collaborative arrangements. In this paper, we address this knowledge gap. Using the framework of modes of governance to categorize and compare the governance of large carnivores in Norway, Sweden and Finland, we discuss the potential and limitations of various governance modes and identify gaps in contemporary research literature. The main conclusion is that all three governance systems need to incorporate more interactive governance elements.
|
|
| 32. |
- Hansson, Rickard, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Photo-degradation in air of the active layer components in a thiophene-quinoxaline copolymer: fullerene solar cell
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9084 .- 1463-9076. ; 18:16, s. 11132-11138
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the photo-degradation in air of a blend of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and poly[2,3-bis-(3-octyloxyphenyl)quinoxaline-5,8-diyl-alt-thiophene-2,5-di yl] (TQ1), and how the photo-degradation affects the solar cell performance. Using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, changes to the electronic structure of TQ1 and PCBM caused by illumination in ambient air are investigated and compared between the pristine materials and the blend. The NEXAFS spectra show that the unoccupied molecular orbitals of TQ1 are not significantly changed by the exposure of pristine TQ1 to light in air, whereas those of PCBM are severely affected as a result of photo-induced degradation of PCBM. Furthermore, the photo-degradation of PCBM is accelerated by blending it with TQ1. While the NEXAFS spectrum of TQ1 remains unchanged upon illumination in air, its valence band spectrum shows that the occupied molecular orbitals are weakly affected. Yet, UV-Vis absorption spectra demonstrate photo-bleaching of TQ1, which is attenuated in the presence of PCBM in blend films. Illumination of the active layer of TQ1: PCBM solar cells prior to cathode deposition causes severe losses in electrical performance.
|
|
| 33. |
- Henriksson, Patrik, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Stability study of quinoxaline and pyrido pyrazine based co-polymers for solar cell applications
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 130, s. 138-143
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present two co-polymer families; one based on a thiophene-quinoxaline unit and one on a thiophene-pyrido pyrazine unit. Co-polymerization of these monomers with thiophene-hexylthiophene was performed to create polymers with an optical absorption that fully covers the visible part of the solar spectrum with the aim to enhance the solar cell performances of these polymers. We have also studied how increasing the fraction of thiophene-hexylthiophene affects the photo-oxidative stability of these polymers. Thiophene-pyrido pyrazine solar cells displayed increased device efficiency upon addition of the thiophene-hexylthiophene and, in addition, the stability is retained upon inclusion of these units. In contrast, we found that for the thiophene-quinoxaline based co-polymer, both device efficiency and stability decreased with increasing thiophene-hexylthiophene fraction. Moreover, our results indicate that the photo-oxidative stability of the thiophene-quinoxaline co-polymer is independent of the polymer molecular weight as well as of the film thickness.
|
|
| 34. |
- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Expectations about voluntary efforts in collaborative governance and the fit with perceived prerequisites of intrinsic motivation in Sweden’s ecosystem-based moose management system
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Ecology and Society. - : Resilience Alliance. - 1708-3087. ; 27:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative governance regimes may be vulnerable because of dependency on stakeholders’ voluntary engagement and efforts. This study focuses on the Swedish moose management system, a multi-level collaborative governance regime inspired by the ecosystem approach. Self-determination theory is used to explore perceived prerequisites of basic needs for intrinsic motivation across sub-groups of stakeholder representatives who are engaged across different social-ecological contexts. Questionnaire data collected among representatives at two governance levels, moose management groups (n = 624) and moose management units (n = 979), were subjected to two-step cluster analysis. The analyses revealed two sub-groups of representatives, characterized by differences in species composition and land ownership structure: managers of multi-ungulate areas and managers of large-carnivore areas. In several respects, these groups significantly differed in how they perceived the prerequisites. This included prerequisites of perceived competence with regard to their need for knowledge of topics and usefulness of monitoring methods, perceived autonomy operationalized as possibilities to perform their tasks with sufficient time, resources, and support from their organizations, and perceived relatedness to different groups of actors. Further efforts should be made to understand the conditions required for representatives to energize and direct their behavior. The institutional system must better fit the needs of stakeholder representatives across various local contexts, otherwise the space for local voluntary engagement might be hampered.
|
|
| 35. |
- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
How stakeholder representatives cope with collaboration in the Swedish moose management system
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Human Dimensions of Wildlife. - : Routledge. - 1087-1209 .- 1533-158X. ; 25:2, s. 154-170
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The collaborative ecosystem-based management of moose (Alces alces) in Sweden puts a strain on the involved stakeholders. Representatives have to cope with environmental uncertainty and social stress associated with goal conflicts. This article advanced the understanding of representatives' coping strategies in response to perceived challenges and how these coping strategies are associated with social trust, focusing upon salient value similarity. A mixed-method approach, combining a questionnaire survey (n = 624) and interviews (n = 21) among landowners and hunter representatives, was employed. Survey results showed that the presence of emotion-centered coping strategies that involve venting of negative emotions and behavioral disengagement were associated with relatively lower trust, whereas problem-solving centered coping was associated with relatively higher trust. The interviews indicated the importance of appointing group leaders who are skilled at initiating dialogue and working toward decisions and compromises, as this seemed to hinder expressions of emotion-centered coping strategies.
|
|
| 36. |
- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Sustaining the Public’s Positive Feelings towards Ungulates at the Local Level
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Society and Natural Resources. - : Routledge. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; , s. 1-21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Europe, spatial distributions and densities of ungulates have been increasing, triggering both negative and positive feelings. Ecosystem-based and collaborative approaches to wildlife management have been introduced to, among other things, consider the perspectives of the local public. Consequently, it becomes necessary to understand the public’s emotional appraisals and feelings toward the presence of moose and other ungulates. We studied four socio-ecological contexts in Sweden. Statistical analyses of a postal questionnaire (N = 1111) showed that negative feelings were weak and positive feelings were modest across all settings. In particular, wildlife value orientation of mutualism and perceptions of moose and other ungulates as supporting recreation opportunities sustained positive feelings. Currently there seems to be little need among the public to cope with negative implications of ungulates. Management may benefit from informing about adequate strategies and building social trust if negative impacts of ungulates were to become salient to the public.
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Kottorp, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Access to and use of everyday technology among older people : An occupational justice issue – but for whom?
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 23:3, s. 382-388
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research into older people's use of remote controls, mobile phones, digital home appliances, and computerized communication systems reveals that many have difficulty accessing and using these everyday technologies. By using occupational justice theory as a lens onto this technological development, we argue in this commentary that critical analysis of the findings from an occupational perspective reveals systematic injustices that disadvantage certain sectors of the older population. In particular we propose that, contrary to what might be expected, diagnosis or disability is not the sole marker for a vulnerable population at high risk of occupational injustices. Rather, the empirical findings support that other aspects (e.g., economic, educational) may also be influencing both everyday technology access and use among the older population. In light of these concerns, we argue that (a) occupation-centred outcome measures are needed to target everyday technology populations at risk of occupational injustices, and (b) future studies evaluating the access and use of everyday technology among older people must also monitor and target socio-demographic diversities.
|
|
| 39. |
- Kroon, Renee, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of electron-withdrawing side chain modifications on the optical properties of thiophene-quinoxaline acceptor based polymers
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Polymer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0032-3861. ; 54:4, s. 1285-1288
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four new thiophene-quinoxaline acceptor based polymers have been synthesized. The parent thiophene-quinoxaline acceptor based copolymer was modified by introducing different electron-withdrawing groups adjacent to the thiophene side group. The effect on the physical, electrochemical and optical properties of the polymer series is discussed with respect to the parent thiophene-quinoxaline acceptor based polymer. The side chain carbonyl from one modified monomer could conveniently be transformed to either a difluoromethylene or an -ylidene malononitrile group via carbonyl transformations. For all polymers incorporating an electron-withdrawing side group both the HOMO and especially the LUMO were significantly shifted away from vacuum while all exhibit enhanced light harvesting ability. Especially the incorporation of an -ylidine malononitrile side group increases both the spectral coverage and absorption coefficient. Incorporation of a difluoromethylene side group resulted in a twofold increase of the molecular weight compared to the parent polymer structure.
|
|
| 40. |
-
L2 vocabulary acquisition, knowledge and use : New perspectives on assessment and corpus analysis
- 2013
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book is intended for researchers and students in the field of second language (L2) acquisition. As its title suggests, the book discusses L2 vocabulary acquisition, knowledge and use, and examines them from the perspectives of assessment and corpus analysis. The chapters also address some additional central research issues: the role of word frequency in the input, the difference between single words and multi-word units, and the distinction between vocabulary of oral and written language. The first three chapters of the book present critical reviews of different aspects of vocabulary acquisition. The other four chapters contain empirical studies that relate to the central themes of the book. The data in the studies draw on a variety of source and target languages: English, French, Italian, Swedish, Hebrew and Japanese. The book offers some new insights into the field of vocabulary and suggests avenues of research.
|
|
| 41. |
- Lekebjer, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Normkritisk pedagogik : samtal om normer och förändringsmöjligheter i högre utbildning
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I det följande målar vi upp några utgångspunkter för ett rundabordssamtal om normkritisk pedagogik och metoder för förändring inom högre utbildning. Med hjälp av begrepp som normbärare, privilegier, klonade kulturer och intersektionalitet vill vi lägga grunden för en förståelse av hur föreställningar om ”normala” och ”avvikare” skapas och hur dessa föreställningar gynnar och missgynnar olika grupper. Normkritisk pedagogik låter oss se oss själva och våra egna möjligheter att göra undervisningen och studiemiljön öppen och välkomnande för fler. Varje avsnitt i texten avslutas med ett par frågor som uppmanar till reflektion. Frågorna bär vi med oss till rundabordssamtalet.
|
|
| 42. |
- Lindqvist, Camilla A, et al.
(författare)
-
FoxP3+ T-Cells in Patients with B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Express Cytolytic Markers and Kill Autologous B-Cells
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recent reports indicate that infiltration of FoxP3+ cells into the tumor area may be associated with better overall survival of patients with B-cell malignancies, which is in contrast to patients with non-hematopoetic tumors. Here, we demonstrate a possible mechanism to these findings. Since the tumor cell in lymphoma originates from the immune system we hypothesized that FoxP3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) may have a suppressive role in tumor progression in patients with B-cell malignancies. Peripheral blood was collected from 14 patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and their Tregs were evaluated for cytolytic markers such as FasL and CD107a. We found that both conventional Tregs (CD4+ FoxP3+CD127low T-cells) and FoxP3+CD127high T-cells were significantly increased in patients with B-CLL compared to healthy controls. Further, both groups of FoxP3+ cells displayed higher expression of the degranulation marker CD107a indicating perforin/granzyme release. A flow cytometry-based cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that purified Tregs from both patients and healthy controls could kill autologous B-cells in vitro. In conclusion, FoxP3+ T-cells in patients with CLL show effector phenotype and may be involved in tumor cell control by their natural capacity to kill B-cells.
|
|
| 43. |
- Lindqvist, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
A new approach to measuring lexical sophistication in L2 oral production
- 2013
-
Ingår i: L2 vocabulary acquisition, knowledge and use. - : EUROSLA - the European Second Language Association. - 9781300884071 ; , s. 109-126
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this chapter are a) to give a comprehensive description of a new tool for lexical profiling by reporting how it was developed, and b) to indicate possible areas of use and future developments of the tool. The tool has been used for measuring the lexical sophistication of Swedish learners of French and Italian. The different steps of development have partly been presented in previous studies (Bardel & Lindqvist, 2011; Bardel, Gudmundson & Lindqvist, 2012; Lindqvist, Bardel & Gudmundson, 2011) but are complemented here through a detailed account of the tool, in order to enable replication and use of the method with other languages. The outline of this chapter is as follows: first, as a background, we provide a survey of methods designed to measure lexical richness in L2 production. Then we discuss the inherent differences between written and spoken language and what these differences may imply when lexical richness is measured. Next, we present a new method for analyzing L2 learners’ lexical profiles in oral production data, giving a detailed technical description of the creation of the tool. We then discuss pros and cons with frequency-based measures in general and present our solutions to some of the problems brought up. Finally, we suggest some potential areas of use and discuss some possible improvements of the method.
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Lindqvist, Camilla A, et al.
(författare)
-
Peripheral T Lymphocytes, Including FoxP3+ T-Cells, Exhibit a Cytotoxic Phenotype in Patients with B-Cell Lymphoma
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recent studies have shown that high levels of FoxP3+ cells within lymphoma-affected lymph nodes are associated with a better outcome of patients with B-cell lymphoma. This finding is opposite to what has been seen in patients with solid non-hematopoietic tumors. In an attempt to better understand the role of FoxP3+ cell in lymphoma, we collected peripheral blood from 17 patients and determined the level of T regulatory cells (CD3+CD4+FoxP3+CD127low lymphocytes) and FoxP3+CD127high T-cells (CD3+CD4+FoxP3+CD127high lymphocytes). The two subgroups of FoxP3+ T-cells, as well as conventional FoxP3- T-cells, were further analyzed for presence of cytotoxic markers such as FasL and CD107a. Patient plasma was analyzed for the immunosuppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. Finally, the proliferative capacity of T-cells was assessed using Alamar Blue assay. In lymphoma patients, both FoxP3+ T-cells and conventional T-cells had elevated levels of cytotoxic markers. No significant increase in IL-10 or TGF-β was detected and most patient T-cells had a normal proliferative capacity. This is the first, to our knowledge, study showing a cytotoxic phenotype of FoxP3+ T-cells in patients with B-cell lymphoma.
|
|
| 46. |
- Lindqvist, Camilla A., et al.
(författare)
-
T regulatory cells control T-cell proliferation partly by the release of soluble CD25 in patients with B-cell malignancies
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0019-2805 .- 1365-2567. ; 131:3, s. 371-376
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is one of the most studied cytokines driving T-cell proliferation, activation and survival. It binds to the IL-2 receptor consisting of three chains, the alpha (CD25), beta and common gamma (gammac). The binding of the CD25 chain to IL-2 is necessary to expose high-affinity binding sites for the beta and gammac chains, which, in turn, are responsible for downstream signalling. A high level of soluble CD25 (sCD25) has been associated with a poor prognosis in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The function and source of origin of this soluble receptor is not well investigated. In the present study we hypothesized that T regulatory (Treg) cells may release CD25 to act as a decoy receptor for IL-2, thereby depriving T-effector cells of IL-2. Peripheral blood from patients with B-cell malignancies (n = 26) and healthy controls (n = 27) was investigated for the presence and function of FoxP3(+) Treg cells and sCD25 by multi-colour flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Further, the proliferative capacity of T cells was evaluated with or without the presence of recombinant sCD25. The results demonstrate that Treg cells from patients had lower CD25 expression intensity and that they released CD25 in vitro. Further, high levels of Treg cells correlated with sCD25 plasma concentration. Recombinant sCD25 could suppress T-cell proliferation in vitro. In conclusion, the release of sCD25 by Treg cells may be a mechanism to deprive IL-2 and thereby inhibit anti-tumour T-cell responses.
|
|
| 47. |
- Lindqvist, Camilla A, et al.
(författare)
-
T Regulatory Cells in B-Cell Malignancy : Tumor Support or Kiss of Death?
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0019-2805 .- 1365-2567. ; 135:4, s. 255-260
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well established that T regulatory cells (Tregs) counteract tumor immunity. However, conflicting results describing the role of Tregs in hematological tumors warrant further investigations to clarify the interactions between Tregs and the tumor. B-cell malignancy derives from different stages of B-cell development and differentiation in which T-cells play a profound role. The transformed B-cell may still be in need of T-cell help to thrive but simultaneously they may be recognized and destroyed by cytotoxic lymphocytes. Recent reports demonstrate that Tregs can suppress and even kill B-cells as part of their normal function to rescue the body from autoimmunity. An emerging body of evidence points out that Tregs inhibit tumor-specific T-cells but may also have a role in suppressing the progression of the B-cell tumor. In this review, we discuss the origin and function of Tregs and their role in patients with B-cell tumors.
|
|
| 48. |
- Lindqvist, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
Approaches to third language acquisition : Introduction
- 2010
-
Ingår i: International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0019-042X .- 1613-4141. ; 48:2-3, s. 87-90
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information about several papers discussed at a conference titled The Role of the Background Languages in Third Language Acquisition. Romance Languages as L1, L2 or L3 which was held in Stockholm, Sweden on February 5, 2009 on third language (L3) acquisition is presented. Topics include Romance languages as background languages, research on vocabulary and syntax. The conference presented the works several language researchers including Christina Lindqvist, Rebekah Rast, and Jason Rothman.
|
|
| 49. |
- Lindqvist, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Both CD4(+) FoxP3(+) and CD4(+) FoxP3(-) T cells from patients with B-cell malignancy express cytolytic markers and kill autologous leukaemic B cells in vitro.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0019-2805 .- 1365-2567. ; 133:3, s. 296-306
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- P>Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells have been found in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and seem to be involved in the regulation of malignant B cells. The CD4+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) can regulate various immune cells, including B cells, by inducing their apoptosis. Hence, different subgroups of CD4+ T cells may be involved in the regulation of malignant B cells. In this study, the cytotoxic phenotype and function of various CD4+ T-cell subgroups were investigated in patients with B-cell malignancies. Peripheral blood was collected from patients with CLL, various B-cell lymphomas, healthy adult donors, children with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (pre-B ALL) and from healthy children. CD4+ T cells (CD3+ CD4+ FoxP3-), Tregs (CD3+ CD4+ CD127low FoxP3+) and CD127high FoxP3+ T cells (CD3+ CD4+ CD127high FoxP3+) were analysed for their expression of the cytolytic markers CD107a and Fas ligand. Patients with CLL had increased CD107a expression on all tested T-cell subgroups compared with healthy donors. Similar results were found in patients with B-cell lymphomas whereas the CD107a expression in children with pre-B ALL was no different from that in healthy controls. Fas ligand expression was similar between patient cells and cells of healthy donors. CD4+ T cells and Tregs from patients with CLL and healthy donors were subsequently purified and cultured in vitro with autologous B cells. Both subgroups lysed B cells and killing was confirmed by granzyme ELISAs. In conclusion, cytotoxic populations of CD4+ T cells, including Tregs, are present in patients with B-cell malignancy and may be an important factor in immune-related disease control.
|
|
| 50. |
- Lindqvist, Christina, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Developing a lexical profiler for spoken French L2 and Italian L2 : The role of frequency, thematic vocabulary and cognates
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Eurosla Yearbook. - Amsterdam/Philadelphia : John Benjamins. - 1568-1491 .- 1569-9749. ; , s. 75-93
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is a follow-up to Lindqvist et al. (to press), where we investigated lexical frequency profiles of learners of French and Italian at different proficiency levels. By analyzing the proportion of low-frequency words used by the learners, we could distinguish proficiency levels that differ significantly at group level and correspond to morphosyntactic proficiency levels. However, some individual results within the groups indicated a need to analyze individual profiles in order to get a better picture of the actual quality of the learner’s vocabulary knowledge. The present study focuses on thematic vocabulary and cognates among the low-frequency words used by learners at different proficiency levels. We suggest that investigating qualitative aspects of learners’ word knowledge is a fruitful complement to traditional lexical profiling analysis. Such a combination can lead to a more complete picture of learners’ lexical profiles. Although we are aware that word frequency is known to be a powerful factor in vocabulary acquisition, our on-going research aims at developing a more general lexical profiler that integrates additional aspects that we have found to be relevant for learnability.
|
|
