SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Lindroos Anna Karin 1958) "

Sökning: WFRF:(Lindroos Anna Karin 1958)

  • Resultat 1-50 av 79
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
1.
  • Bianchi, Marta Angela, et al. (författare)
  • Systematic evaluation of nutrition indicators for use within food LCA studies
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 12:21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Expressing the environmental impact of foods in relation to the nutritional quality is a promising approach in the search for methods integrating interdisciplinary sustainability perspectives. However, the lack of standardized methods regarding how to include nutrient metrics can lead to unharmonized results difficult to interpret. We evaluated nutrient density indexes by systematically assessing the role of methodological variables with the purpose of identifying the index able to rank foods with the highest coherence with the Swedish dietary guidelines. Among 45 variants of the nutrient density index NRF (Nutrient Rich Food), a Sweden-tailored NRF11.3 index, including 11 desirable nutrients and 3 undesirable nutrients, calculated per portion size or 100 kcal with the application of weighting, ranked foods most coherently with the guidelines. This index is suggested to be suitable as complementary functional unit (FU) in comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) studies across food categories. The results clarify implications of methodological choices when calculating nutrient density of foods and offer guidance to LCA researchers on which nutrition metric to use when integrating nutritional aspects in food LCA. © 2020 by the authors.
  •  
2.
  • Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al. (författare)
  • Dietary Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Diet Quality in a Cross-Sectional Study of Swedish Adolescents
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 118:5, s. 956-965
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Interventions to improve dietary intake and reduce dietary greenhouse gas emissions (dGHGE) are urgently needed. Adolescence presents a unique time in life to promote sustainable diets. Detailed dietary data are needed to inform public health strategies aiming at improving adolescents' diet quality and reducing dGHGE.Objective: This study aimed to describe dGHGE in Swedish adolescents' diets by socio-demographic characteristics, evaluate how food groups contribute to dGHGE, and examine dGHGE in relation to diet quality.Methods: Data come from the national, school-based, cross-sectional dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-17 of 3099 females and males attending school grades 5 (11-12 y old), 8 (14-15 y old) and 11 (17-18 y old). Participants completed 2 web-based 24-h recalls and questionnaires on lifestyle factors. dGHGE was estimated based on life cycle assessment data. Diet quality was estimated using NRF11.3 (Nutrient Rich Food Index) and SHEIA15 (Swedish Healthy Eating Index for Adolescents 2015).Results: dGHGE were higher in males than females (medians 4.2 versus 3.8 kg CO(2)e/10 MJ, P < 0.001). In females, dGHGE were highest in grade 5 (4.0 kg CO(2)e/10MJ), whereas in males, emissions were highest in grade 11 (4.4 kg CO(2)e/10MJ), P < 0.001 for the sex/grade interaction. Overweight/obesity was positively associated with CO(2)e/10MJ, but parental education, birthplace, and degree of urbanization were not. In females, the proportion of dGHGE from animal-based foods was lowest in grade 11, whereas the proportions from plant-based foods and sweet foods/beverages were highest. In males, these proportions were similar across grades. NRF11.3 was not associated with CO(2)e/10MJ, whereas healthier eating, according to SHEIA15, was inversely associated with CO(2)e/10MJ.Conclusions: Food choices and dGHGE per calorie differ by sex in adolescents. Thus, intervention strategies to improve dietary sustainability need to be tailored differently to females and males. Diet quality should also be considered when promoting reduced GHGE diets.
  •  
3.
  • Strid, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Adherence to the Swedish dietary guidelines and the impact on mortality and climate in a population-based cohort study
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - 1368-9800.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective:To assess the associations between adherence to the Swedish dietary guidelines and all-cause mortality (i.e. assessing the index' ability to predict health outcomes), as well as levels of dietary greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs). Design:A longitudinal study 1990-2016 within the population-based cohort Vasterbotten Intervention Programme. Dietary data were based on FFQs. Diet quality was assessed by the Swedish Healthy Eating Index for Adults 2015 (SHEIA15), based on the 2015 Swedish dietary guidelines. Dietary GHGEs were estimated from life cycle assessment data including emissions from farm to industry gate. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI of all-cause mortality were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards regression, and differences in median GHGEs were tested between quintiles of SHEIA15 score using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA test. Setting:Northern Sweden. Participants:In total, 49 124 women and 47 651 men, aged 35-65 years. Results:Median follow-up times were 16 & BULL;0 years for women and 14 & BULL;7 years for men, during which time 3074 women and 4212 men died. A consistent trend of lower all-cause mortality HR for both sexes with higher SHEIA15 scores was demonstrated. For women, the all-cause mortality HR was 0 & BULL;81 ((95 % CI 0 & BULL;71, 0 & BULL;92); P = 0 & BULL;001) and for men 0 & BULL;90 ((95 % CI 0 & BULL;81, 0 & BULL;996); P = 0 & BULL;041) between the quintile with the highest SHEIA15 score compared with the quintile with the lowest SHEIA15 score. A consistent trend of lower estimated dietary GHGEs among both sexes with higher SHEIA15 scores was also found. Conclusions:Adherence to Swedish dietary guidelines, estimated by SHEIA15, seems to promote longevity and reduce dietary climate impact.
  •  
4.
  • Bjermo, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Design, Methods, and Participation in Riksmaten Young Children - A Swedish National Dietary Survey
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NUTRITION. - 2475-2991. ; 8:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: National dietary surveys provide essential data for risk bene fi t assessments of foods and nutrients, for management and policy development. Physical activity measurement and biomonitoring can provide important complementary data but are less commonly included. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the study design and methods of the cross-sectional Swedish national dietary survey Riksmaten Young Children (Riksmaten sm & aring;barn), of children aged 9 mo, 18 mo, and 4 y. Participation/dropout rates for the 2 older age groups are also presented. The impact of different recruitment strategies is discussed. Methods: Children ( N = 16,655) were randomly selected from the population register; invitations to guardians were sent by post and where possible, followed up by telephone. Food intake was assessed by a 2-d food diary and/or questionnaire. Height and weight were reported after measurement. Physical activity (accelerometery, 7 d) and stool, blood, and urine samples were assessed in subgroups. Results: Food consumption data were collected in 1828 children (11% of the invited; 18 mo: n = 1078, and 4 y: n = 750). Of participants also in subgroups, 71% provided physical activity data ( n = 1307), 60% stool samples ( n = 630), and 51% blood and/or urine samples ( n = 593). The study population represented all geographic regions and types of municipalities in Sweden, but participating households had both higher education level and higher income than the target population. Only minor differences were seen in participation rates between recruitment via post and telephone compared with those through post only (12% compared with 10%). Repeated contact attempts were needed for the majority of participants (65%). Despite the low-participation rate, 99% of the participants completed the study once started. Conclusions: Although it was a challenge to recruit participants, Riksmaten Young Children provides a substantial amount of information at national level, representative in terms of sex, geography, and family structure. The underrepresentation of households with lower socioeconomic must be considered when results.
  •  
5.
  • Björkelund, Cecilia, 1948, et al. (författare)
  • Long-term effects of a primary health care intervention program for women: lower blood pressure and stable weight
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: Family Medicine. ; 32, s. 246-251
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Department of Primary Health Care, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg University, Sweden. cecilia.bjorkelund@allmed.gu.se BACKGROUND: In Strömstad, with 10,000 inhabitants, a cardiovascular prevention program was launched during 1985-1987 because of high rates of cardiovascular disease. To study long-term effects in women, an 8-year follow-up was conducted. METHODS: Participants (n = 114) and nonparticipants (n = 269) in the lifestyle intervention program in 1985-1987 (both groups with cardiovascular risk factors) were compared regarding risk factor levels after 8 years. Effects were also compared to another community not exposed to intervention. RESULTS: After 8 years, intervention participants showed significant reduction of mean systolic blood pressure compared to the control group and had higher intake of dietary fibers and more-positive attitudes to and better knowledge of healthy diets. There was no increase of mean body weight or serum triglyceride levels whatsoever in the intervention group. Compared with another female population not exposed to intervention, body weight and systolic blood pressure changed in a significantly more favorable way. CONCLUSIONS: Results from the prevention program could be discerned after 8 years. Advantages in risk factor changes could also be found when comparing with another female population. Given the high level of stroke in women within the community, the blood pressure advantage in the intervention group is particularly encouraging. PMID: 10782370 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  •  
6.
  • Brandhagen, Martin, 1984, et al. (författare)
  • Alcohol and macronutrient intake patterns are related to general and central adiposity.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: European journal of clinical nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 66, s. 305-313
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background/Objectives:Alcohol and dietary fat have high energy densities and may therefore be related to body weight and fat deposition. We studied associations between alcohol and macronutrient intake patterns and general and central adiposity.Subjects/Methods:A population-based cross-sectional study of 524 men and 611 women. The participants answered a dietary questionnaire describing habitual food consumption including intake of alcoholic beverages. Macronutrient intake was analysed in relation to anthropometric measures and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry determined body fat.Results:In women, total alcohol intake was negatively associated with body fat percentage (β:-0.67, P<0.01). In men, total alcohol intake was positively associated with sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) (β: 0.28, P=0.01). In addition, positive associations were found between intake of alcohol from spirits and body fat percentage (β: 1.17, P<0.05), SAD (β: 0.52, P<0.05) and waist circumference (β: 2.29, P=0.01). In men, protein intake was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) (β: 0.03, P=0.001), body fat percentage (β: 0.04, P<0.05), SAD (β: 0.02, P=0.01) and waist circumference (β: 0.09, P<0.01). Also in men only, negative associations between fat intake and BMI (β: -0.03, P<0.01), SAD (β: -0.02, P<0.05) and waist circumference (β: -0.05, P<0.05) were found.Conclusions:Alcohol intake was inversely associated to relative body fat in women whereas spirits consumption was positively related to central and general obesity in men. Macronutrient intakes, particularly protein and fat, were differently associated with obesity indicators in men versus women. This may reflect a differential effect by gender, or differential obesity related reporting errors in men and women.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 16 November 2011; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.189.
  •  
7.
  • Fröberg, Andreas, 1985, et al. (författare)
  • Self-reported physical activity and sedentary behaviour among adolescents in Sweden vary depending on sex, age and parental education.
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 110:11, s. 3097-3104
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate self-reported physical activity and sedentary behaviour by sex, age and parental education in a large representative sample of Swedish adolescents.METHODS: This study is based on data from the national dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents that was conducted by the Swedish Food Agency in 2016-2017. In total, 3477 students in grade five (11-12 years), eight (14-15 years), and eleven (17-18 years) were included. A web questionnaire was used to collect information about physical activity and sedentary behaviour.RESULTS: In total, 53% reported active transport to and from school, 93% that they usually participate in the physical education, 76% reported a physically active leisure time, and 66% that they participated in organised physical activities. In addition, 12% and 6% reported two hours or less of screen time on weekdays and weekends, respectively. Participation in physical activity was generally lower among girls, older adolescents and for those from families with low parental education.CONCLUSION: This study provide reference values for self-reported physical activities and sedentary behaviours among adolescents in Sweden. Strategies to increase physical activity and reduce screen time are needed, particularly among girls, older adolescents and among those with low parental education.
  •  
8.
  •  
9.
  • Laurenius, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Decreased energy density and changes in food selection following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: European journal of clinical nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 67:2, s. 168-73
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background/Objectives:The main objective was to test the hypothesis that dietary energy density (DED) decreases after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (gastric bypass).Subjects/Methods:A total of 43 patients (31 women and 12 men) aged 43 (s.d. 10) years, with body mass index (BMI) 44.3kg/m(2) (4.9), were assessed preoperatively at 6 weeks and 1 and 2 years after gastric bypass. Self-reported energy intake (EI), food weight (FW) and food choice were assessed using a dietary questionnaire. DED was calculated by dividing EI by FW (kcal/g). Number of dropouts was 4 of 203 visits.Results:Percent weight loss (%WL) was 13.5% at 6 weeks, 30.7% at 1 year and 31.8% at 2 years post surgery (P<0.001 for all). EI decreased from 2990 to 1774, 2131 and 2425kcal after 6 weeks and 1 and 2 years postoperatively, respectively (P<0.001 at all time points). FW changed from 2844 to 1870g/day at 6 weeks (P<0.001) and 2416g/day after 1 year (P<0.05), but was not significantly different from baseline 2 years postoperatively (2602g/day, P=0.105). DED decreased from 1.07 to 0.78kcal/g at 6 weeks (P<0.001) and 0.90kcal/g (P<0.001) and 0.96kcal/g (P=0.001) after 1 and 2 years, respectively. All statistical comparisons were made from baseline. There was no correlation between changes in DED and %WL, neither after 1 year (r=-0.215; P=0.183) nor after 2 years (r=-0.046; P=0.775) post surgery.Conclusions:Besides substantial reduction in EI and large variation in FW, patients reported decreased DED over 2 years following gastric bypass. Despite lack of association between the reduction in DED and percentage weight loss, changes in food choice were overall nutritionally beneficial.
  •  
10.
  • Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al. (författare)
  • Familial predisposition for obesity may modify the predictive value of serum leptin concentrations for long-term weight change in obese women
  • 1998
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ; 67, s. 1119-1123
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Department of Internal Medicine and the Research Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Leptin is believed to play a role in regulating food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of parental history of obesity on the association between baseline serum leptin concentrations and subsequent 4-y weight changes. Changes in food intake were also considered in the analysis. Middle-aged, obese women with no obese parent (n = 25) or at least one obese parent (n = 24) were included in the analysis. At baseline, women with no parental history of obesity and women with a parental history of obesity did not differ in body mass index (in kg/m2: 41.2 and 40.2, respectively) or median leptin concentrations (40.8 and 38.8 microg/L, respectively). Four-year weight changes varied widely in both groups combined (from -30 to 24 kg). Stratified regression analysis, adjusted for age, weight, and height, revealed that high leptin concentrations predicted less weight gain (or more weight loss) in women with no obese parent (beta = -21.2, P = 0.0006) but played no significant role in predicting weight gain in women with at least one obese parent (beta = -3.8, P = 0.41). Adding changes in energy and fat intakes to the model reduced the association between leptin and weight change to nonsignificance in the women with no obese parent, indicating that the effect of leptin could be explained largely by dietary changes. In conclusion, serum leptin concentrations predict long-term weight change in obese women with no history of parental obesity, an association largely mediated by changes in food intake. PMID: 9625082 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  •  
11.
  • Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al. (författare)
  • Familial predisposition for obesity may modify the predictive value of serum leptin concentrations for long-term weight change in obese women.
  • 1998
  • Ingår i: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - 0002-9165. ; 67:6, s. 1119-23
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Leptin is believed to play a role in regulating food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of parental history of obesity on the association between baseline serum leptin concentrations and subsequent 4-y weight changes. Changes in food intake were also considered in the analysis. Middle-aged, obese women with no obese parent (n = 25) or at least one obese parent (n = 24) were included in the analysis. At baseline, women with no parental history of obesity and women with a parental history of obesity did not differ in body mass index (in kg/m2: 41.2 and 40.2, respectively) or median leptin concentrations (40.8 and 38.8 microg/L, respectively). Four-year weight changes varied widely in both groups combined (from -30 to 24 kg). Stratified regression analysis, adjusted for age, weight, and height, revealed that high leptin concentrations predicted less weight gain (or more weight loss) in women with no obese parent (beta = -21.2, P = 0.0006) but played no significant role in predicting weight gain in women with at least one obese parent (beta = -3.8, P = 0.41). Adding changes in energy and fat intakes to the model reduced the association between leptin and weight change to nonsignificance in the women with no obese parent, indicating that the effect of leptin could be explained largely by dietary changes. In conclusion, serum leptin concentrations predict long-term weight change in obese women with no history of parental obesity, an association largely mediated by changes in food intake.
  •  
12.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Birth weight, adulthood BMI, and subsequent weight gain in relation to leptin levels in Swedish women
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: Obesity Research. ; 7, s. 150-154
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Department of Internal Medicine, Göteborg University, Sweden. Lauren.Lissner@medfak.gu.se OBJECTIVE: Leptin seems to be involved in the regulation of energy balance, although little is known about the epidemiology of leptin with respect to prediction of weight gain and incidence of obesity-related diseases. The dual aim of this study is to document characteristics of leptin after long-term storage, and to describe its relation to body weight, from birth to old age, in an ongoing prospective study. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A population-based sample of Swedish women was first examined at the ages of 38 to 60 and re-examined 24 years later. This study used 1358 frozen serum samples that had been stored 29 years for analysis of leptin concentrations and their relation to body weight history. RESULTS: Leptin values obtained from stored samples showed the same correlation with relative weight as that seen in a contemporary sample with similar demographic characteristics. Lower self-reported birth weight was associated with higher leptin levels in adulthood (p = 0.01), controlling for age and adult BMI. Prospective analyses revealed that high leptin in 38 to 46-year-olds predicted subsequent long-term weight gain (p = 0.003), although no significant associations were seen in women initially aged 50 or older. DISCUSSION: It is feasible to use frozen serum for studying leptin in relation to obesity and related developments many years later. High leptin level was a risk factor for subsequent weight gain in 38- and 46-year-old women. Retrospective analyses involving birth weight suggest that leptin resistance in adulthood might have fetal origins. PMID: 10102251 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  •  
13.
  • Nybacka, Sanna, et al. (författare)
  • Carotenoids and alkylresorcinols as objective biomarkers of diet quality when assessing the validity of a web-based food record tool and a food frequency questionnaire in a middle-aged population
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: BMC Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-0928. ; 2:53
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundRecently, two web-based dietary assessment tools were developed; a 4-day food record tool (the Riksmaten method), and a food frequency questionnaire (MiniMeal-Q). The aim of this study was to use objective biomarkers to examine the ability of the two methods to capture habitual dietary intake.MethodsIn total, 200 individuals from the pilot study of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) participated. Plasma concentration of carotenoids were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and used as biomarkers of fruit and vegetable intake. A gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was used to quantify alkylresorcinol homologues, which were used as biomarkers of whole grain wheat and rye intake.ResultsThe correlations between energy-adjusted fruit and vegetable intakes and plasma carotenoid concentrations (except lycopene) were stronger amongst women than men (r = 0.46 and r = 0.20 for the Riksmaten method, and r = 0.50 and r = 0.31 for MiniMeal-Q, respectively). For whole grains, the correlations of energy-adjusted intakes and alkylresorcinols were higher using the Riksmaten method (r = 0.30 and r = 0.29 for women and men) than the MiniMeal-Q (r = 0.25 and r = 0.20, respectively). In regression analyses between plasma carotenoids (except lycopene) and reported intake of fruits and vegetables, the R2 were 21.6 % and 5.1 % for women and men by the Riksmaten method, and correspondingly, 18.0 % and 6.6 % by the MiniMeal-Q. In the final full models, adjusted for smoking and BMI, all regression models remained statistically significant. The regression analyses of plasma alkylresorcinols and reported intake of whole grains showed an R2 of 9.4 % and 9.7 % for women and men by the Riksmaten method, and correspondingly, 5.3 % and 8.4 % by the MiniMeal-Q. In the final full models, adjusted for smoking and age, all regression models remained statistically significant, except for women in MiniMeal-Q.ConclusionBoth dietary assessment methods were able to capture dietary intake based on food groups with a similar precision. Agreements with objective biomarkers ranged from low to moderate, depending on sex and diet quality indicator. While the ability to capture whole grain intake was weak for both methods and sexes, the assessment of vegetable and fruit intake performed in a satisfactory manner for women in both methods.
  •  
14.
  • Nybacka, Sanna, et al. (författare)
  • Comparison of a web-based food record tool and a food-frequency questionnaire and objective validation using the doubly labelled water technique in a Swedish middle-aged population
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Nutritional Science. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 2048-6790. ; 5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Two web-based dietary assessment tools have been developed for use in large-scale studies: the Riksmaten method ( 4-d food record) and MiniMeal-Q ( food-frequency method). The aim of the present study was to examine the ability of these methods to capture energy intake against objectively measured total energy expenditure ( TEE) with the doubly labelled water technique ( TEEDLW), and to compare reported energy and macronutrient intake. This study was conducted within the pilot study of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study ( SCAPIS), which included 1111 randomly selected men and women aged 50-64 years from the Gothenburg general population. Of these, 200 were enrolled in the SCAPIS diet substudy. TEEDLW was measured in a subsample ( n 40). Compared with TEEDLW, both methods underestimated energy intake: -2.5 ( SD 2.9) MJ with the Riksmaten method; -2.3 ( SD 3.6) MJ with MiniMeal-Q. Mean reporting accuracy was 80 and 82 %, respectively. The correlation between reported energy intake and TEEDLW was r 0.4 for the Riksmaten method ( P < 0.05) and r 0.28 ( non-significant) for MiniMeal-Q. Women reported similar average intake of energy and macronutrients in both methods whereas men reported higher intakes with the Riksmaten method. Energy-adjusted correlations ranged from 0.14 ( polyunsaturated fat) to 0.77 ( alcohol). Bland-Altman plots showed acceptable agreement for energy and energy-adjusted protein and carbohydrate intake, whereas the agreement for fat intake was poorer. According to energy intake data, both methods displayed similar precision on energy intake reporting. However, MiniMeal-Q was less successful in ranking individuals than the Riksmaten method. The development of methods to achieve limited under-reporting is a major challenge for future research.
  •  
15.
  • Nyberg, Gisela, et al. (författare)
  • A national survey showed low levels of physical activity in a representative sample of Swedish adolescents.
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 109:11, s. 2342-2353
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: This study investigated objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time by sex, age and socioeconomic status in a large representative sample of Swedish adolescents.METHODS: In this cross-sectional national survey between 2016 and 2017, students aged 11-12, 14-15 and 17-18 years from 131 schools were invited to participate. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured objectively with accelerometers for seven consecutive days. Socioeconomic status (parental education) and country of birth were self-reported in a questionnaire. Weight and height were measured by trained staff.RESULTS: A total of 3477 adolescents participated in the study, and 2419 (73%) had at least 3 days of valid accelerometer data. The results showed that 43% of boys and 23% of girls reached the recommendation of 60 minutes of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Boys were more physically active than girls in all age groups. Girls with high socioeconomic status were more physically active than girls with low socioeconomic status (P < .001), and this difference was not found in boys.CONCLUSION: The majority of Swedish adolescents did not reach the physical activity recommendation, and boys were more active than girls. Effective strategies to increase physical activity, especially among girls with low socioeconomic status, are urgently needed.
  •  
16.
  •  
17.
  •  
18.
  • Rydén, Anna, 1957, et al. (författare)
  • Severe obesity and personality: a comparative controlled study of personality traits.
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565. ; 27:12, s. 1534-40
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose was to assess personality trait differences between the severely obese seeking treatment and a mainly non-obese reference group. We also investigated gender differences and differences between obese patients and obese not seeking treatment. METHOD: Personality traits were assessed using 7 of 15 scales from the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP): Somatic Anxiety, Muscular Tension, Psychastenia, Psychic Anxiety, Monotony Avoidance, Impulsiveness, and Irritability. Patients from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) intervention study (n=3270, ages 37-57, 71% women) and the SOS reference study (n=1135, 54% women) completed the survey. Data presented in this study were gathered prior to treatment. Significance tests and effects sizes were calculated. RESULTS: Although statistically significant differences were found between obese patients and reference subjects on nearly all personality traits, effect sizes were at most moderate. Of the three scales with moderate effects sizes, differences on Somatic Anxiety and Psychastenia could be traced to items tapping condition-specific symptoms, e.g., problems with sweating and breathing as indicators of Somatic Anxiety. Moderate differences on the Impulsiveness scale (men alone) could not be explained by item composition. Further, the obese patients differed from obese in the reference group, and both obese and reference women reported significantly higher levels on Somatic Anxiety, Muscular Tension and Psychic Anxiety compared to men (effect size: small). CONCLUSIONS: Our results provided no evidence of a general obese personality profile, instead considerable heterogeneity in personality traits was observed across our obese samples (treatment seekers vs non-seekers, men vs women) and generally only small differences were noted compared to a reference study population. Further research is needed to investigate if the somewhat elevated levels of Impulsiveness, particularly among male obese patients, is affected by weight loss. When assessing personality traits in diseased groups consideration should be given to possible confounding from, e.g., somatic symptoms.
  •  
19.
  • Sjöström, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Bariatric surgery and long-term cardiovascular events.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3598. ; 307:1, s. 56-65
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular events. Weight loss might protect against cardiovascular events, but solid evidence is lacking.
  •  
20.
  • Sjöström, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of bariatric surgery on cancer incidence in obese patients in Sweden (Swedish Obese Subjects Study): a prospective, controlled intervention trial.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: The lancet oncology. - 1474-5488. ; 10:7, s. 653-62
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for cancer. Intentional weight loss in the obese might protect against malignancy, but evidence is limited. To our knowledge, the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study is the first intervention trial in the obese population to provide prospective, controlled cancer-incidence data. METHODS: The SOS study started in 1987 and involved 2010 obese patients (body-mass index [BMI] >or=34 kg/m(2) in men, and >or=38 kg/m(2) in women) who underwent bariatric surgery and 2037 contemporaneously matched obese controls, who received conventional treatment. While the main endpoint of SOS was overall mortality, the main outcome of this exploratory report was cancer incidence until Dec 31, 2005. Cancer follow-up rate was 99.9% and the median follow-up time was 10.9 years (range 0-18.1 years). FINDINGS: Bariatric surgery resulted in a sustained mean weight reduction of 19.9 kg (SD 15.6 kg) over 10 years, whereas the mean weight change in controls was a gain of 1.3 kg (SD 13.7 kg). The number of first-time cancers after inclusion was lower in the surgery group (n=117) than in the control group (n=169; HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.53-0.85, p=0.0009). The sex-treatment interaction p value was 0.054. In women, the number of first-time cancers after inclusion was lower in the surgery group (n=79) than in the control group (n=130; HR 0.58, 0.44-0.77; p=0.0001), whereas there was no effect of surgery in men (38 in the surgery group vs 39 in the control group; HR 0.97, 0.62-1.52; p=0.90). Similar results were obtained after exclusion of all cancer cases during the first 3 years of the intervention. INTERPRETATION: Bariatric surgery was associated with reduced cancer incidence in obese women but not in obese men. FUNDING: Swedish Research Council, Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, Swedish Federal Government under the LUA/ALF agreement, Hoffmann La Roche, Cederoths, AstraZeneca, Sanofi-Aventis, Ethicon Endosurgery.
  •  
21.
  • Sjöström, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of bariatric surgery on mortality in Swedish obese subjects.
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - 1533-4406. ; 357:8, s. 741-52
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with increased mortality. Weight loss improves cardiovascular risk factors, but no prospective interventional studies have reported whether weight loss decreases overall mortality. In fact, many observational studies suggest that weight reduction is associated with increased mortality. METHODS: The prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects study involved 4047 obese subjects. Of these subjects, 2010 underwent bariatric surgery (surgery group) and 2037 received conventional treatment (matched control group). We report on overall mortality during an average of 10.9 years of follow-up. At the time of the analysis (November 1, 2005), vital status was known for all but three subjects (follow-up rate, 99.9%). RESULTS: The average weight change in control subjects was less than +/-2% during the period of up to 15 years during which weights were recorded. Maximum weight losses in the surgical subgroups were observed after 1 to 2 years: gastric bypass, 32%; vertical-banded gastroplasty, 25%; and banding, 20%. After 10 years, the weight losses from baseline were stabilized at 25%, 16%, and 14%, respectively. There were 129 deaths in the control group and 101 deaths in the surgery group. The unadjusted overall hazard ratio was 0.76 in the surgery group (P=0.04), as compared with the control group, and the hazard ratio adjusted for sex, age, and risk factors was 0.71 (P=0.01). The most common causes of death were myocardial infarction (control group, 25 subjects; surgery group, 13 subjects) and cancer (control group, 47; surgery group, 29). CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery for severe obesity is associated with long-term weight loss and decreased overall mortality.
  •  
22.
  • Sjöström, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Lifestyle, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery.
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - 1533-4406. ; 351:26, s. 2683-93
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Weight loss is associated with short-term amelioration and prevention of metabolic and cardiovascular risk, but whether these benefits persist over time is unknown. METHODS: The prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects Study involved obese subjects who underwent gastric surgery and contemporaneously matched, conventionally treated obese control subjects. We now report follow-up data for subjects (mean age, 48 years; mean body-mass index, 41) who had been enrolled for at least 2 years (4047 subjects) or 10 years (1703 subjects) before the analysis (January 1, 2004). The follow-up rate for laboratory examinations was 86.6 percent at 2 years and 74.5 percent at 10 years. RESULTS: After two years, the weight had increased by 0.1 percent in the control group and had decreased by 23.4 percent in the surgery group (P<0.001). After 10 years, the weight had increased by 1.6 percent and decreased by 16.1 percent, respectively (P<0.001). Energy intake was lower and the proportion of physically active subjects higher in the surgery group than in the control group throughout the observation period. Two- and 10-year rates of recovery from diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, and hyperuricemia were more favorable in the surgery group than in the control group, whereas recovery from hypercholesterolemia did not differ between the groups. The surgery group had lower 2- and 10-year incidence rates of diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperuricemia than the control group; differences between the groups in the incidence of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension were undetectable. CONCLUSIONS: As compared with conventional therapy, bariatric surgery appears to be a viable option for the treatment of severe obesity, resulting in long-term weight loss, improved lifestyle, and, except for hypercholesterolemia, amelioration in risk factors that were elevated at baseline.
  •  
23.
  • Vågstrand, Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Associations between salivary bacteria and reported sugar intake and their relationship with body mass index in women and their adolescent children.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - 1368-9800. ; 11:4, s. 341-8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To study associations between reported sugar intake and salivary bacteria (mutans streptococci, MS and lactobacilli, LB), and sugar intake in relation to body mass index (BMI), in women and adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. Habitual dietary intake was reported in a questionnaire and whole saliva samples were collected and cultivated. SETTING: Stockholm, Sweden. SUBJECTS: Four hundred and fourteen mothers and their 16-year-old children (57% girls). RESULTS: Reported total sugar intake was significantly associated with LB in mothers (P = 0.001), but not in daughters and sons (P = 0.03 for mother-son interaction). When excluding lactose, the associations with LB and MS were significant in daughters (P = 0.032 and 0.005, respectively). High BMI and sugar intake from milk were independently associated with MS counts in mothers in a multiple regression model (R2 = 0.053). In daughters, sugar from beverages, candies/chocolates and fruits were all independently associated with MS counts (R2 = 0.074), whereas in sons, only mothers' MS counts were associated (R2 = 0.084). High BMI, low intake from cooked meals and high intake of candies/chocolates were all independently associated with LB in mothers (R2 = 0.076), while, except for candies/chocolates in daughters, no significant associations were found in children. BMI was significantly associated with bacteria counts in both mothers and children, whereas reported sugar intake was not.ConclusionThe associations between reported sugar intake and bacteria were generally weak. In mothers and daughters, some significant associations were found, but not in sons. Bacteria counts, but not reported sugar intake, were positively associated with BMI.
  •  
24.
  •  
25.
  • Almerud, Pernilla, 1978, et al. (författare)
  • Cadmium, total mercury, and lead in blood and associations with diet, sociodemographic factors, and smoking in Swedish adolescents
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351. ; 197
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Despite their vulnerability to the toxic effects of certain metals, biomonitoring data on adolescents are limited. In the present study, we assessed blood concentrations of toxic metals (cadmium [Cd], total mercury [Hg], and lead [Pb] in a national representative sample of Swedish adolescents. We also examined the associations of Cd, total Hg and Pb with habitual intakes of major energy-providing food groups and other possible determinants such as age, sex, household education, Nordic or non-Nordic origin, and smoking. Methods: We analysed blood concentrations of Cd, total Hg, and Pb in a sample of 1099 adolescents from the Riksmaten Adolescents 2016–17 study in three age groups (mean age of 12, 15, and 18 years) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The participants completed web-based questionnaires on food consumption frequency, sociodemographic factors and health status. Dietary data from two web-based 24-h dietary recalls were used to estimate the habitual intake of 10 major food groups. Results: Almost all participants had detectable concentrations of Cd, total Hg, and Pb in whole blood. The median blood concentrations were 0.12 μg/L for Cd, 0.72 μg/L for total Hg, and 7.1 μg/L for Pb. Higher blood concentrations of Cd were observed in girls than in boys, whereas concentrations of total Hg and Pb were higher in boys. We observed an inverse association between Cd and meat intake. Total Hg concentrations were positively associated with intakes of fish, eggs, meat, and vegetables, and Pb concentrations were inversely associated with intakes of dairy products. Furthermore, smokers had higher concentrations of Cd and Pb. Conclusions: We found that fish was a potentially important source of exposure to total Hg in Swedish adolescents. No other food group was identified to have a strong impact on the blood levels of Cd, total Hg and Pb. Thirteen per cent of the adolescents had blood Pb concentrations above 12 μg/L, the reference point used in the risk assessment of Pb by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). © 2021 The Authors
  •  
26.
  • Berteus Forslund, Helene, 1952, et al. (författare)
  • Meal patterns and obesity in Swedish women-a simple instrument describing usual meal types, frequency and temporal distribution
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Eur J Clin Nutr. - 0954-3007. ; 56:8, s. 740-7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To characterize meal patterns in relation to obesity in Swedish women using a simple instrument describing meal frequency, meal types and temporal distribution. DESIGN: Cross-sectional parallel group design. SUBJECTS: Eighty-three obese women from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study were compared with 94 reference women, randomly recruited from the population. METHOD: A new, simplified and self-instructing questionnaire was used to assess meal patterns. Usual meal pattern was reported as time and meal type for each intake episode during a typical day. RESULTS: The obese women consumed 6.1 meals/day compared with 5.2 meals/day among the reference women (P<0.0001). All types of meals except 'drink meals' were significantly more frequently consumed in the obese group. The obese women also displayed a different meal pattern across the day, consuming a larger number of meals later in the day. As a result a larger fraction of each obese woman's total meals were consumed in the afternoon and in the evening/night. There was no difference in the number of obese vs reference women consuming breakfast. Snack meals were positively associated with total energy intake in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: A new simplified method assessing meal pattern revealed that the number of reported intake occasions across a usual day was higher in obese women compared with controls and the timing was shifted to later in the day. These findings should be considered in the treatment of obesity.
  •  
27.
  • Berteus Forslund, Helene, 1952, et al. (författare)
  • Number of teeth, body mass index, and dental anxiety in middle-aged Swedish women
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Acta Odontol Scand. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 60:6, s. 346-52
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Risk factors for poor dental health include obesity, low socio-economic status, poor dietary habits, and dental anxiety. The aim of this study was to explore the complex relation between body mass index (BMI) and number of teeth in middle-aged women taking education, dietary intake patterns, dental care utilization, and dental anxiety into account. Three groups of women (37-60 years): reference women (group I, BMI 23.8 +/- 3.1 kg/m2), obese women (group II, BMI 35.0 +/- 2.6 kg/m2), and severely obese women (group III, BMI 41.0 +/- 3.4 kg/m2) were included. Questionnaires were used to assess education, smoking, number of teeth, dental care utilization, dental anxiety, dietary intake, and meal patterns. Age, education, and smoking habits did not differ significantly between groups. However, there were significant global differences in number of teeth (27.2 +/- 3.4, 23.0 +/- 9.2, 24.7 +/- 5.9) and reported daily energy intake (9756 +/- 3363 kJ, 10344 +/- 3850 kJ, 11970 +/- 3786 kJ in groups I, II, and m, respectively). In a multiple regression model, a lower number of teeth was independently associated with higher age, higher BMI, lower education, irregular dental care, high dental anxiety, higher energy intake, and lower iron intake. These variables explained 25% of the variation in number of teeth. In conclusion, BMI is an independent predictor of number of teeth in middle-aged women when socio-economic, dietary, and psychological factors are taken into account.
  •  
28.
  • Berteus Forslund, Helene, 1952, et al. (författare)
  • Should snacks be recommended in obesity treatment? a 1-year randomized clinical trial
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 62:11, s. 1308-1317
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective:To study the effect to recommend no snacks vs three snacks per day on 1-year weight loss. The hypothesis was that it is easier to control energy intake and lose weight if snacks in between meals are omitted.Subjects/Method:In total 140 patients (36 men, 104 women), aged 18-60 years and body mass index>30 kg/m(2) were randomized and 93 patients (27 men, 66 women) completed the study. A 1-year randomized intervention trial was conducted with two treatment arms with different eating frequencies; 3 meals/day (3M) or 3 meals and 3 snacks/day (3+3M). The patients received regular and individualized counseling by dieticians. Information on eating patterns, dietary intake, weight and metabolic variables was collected at baseline and after 1 year.Results:Over 1 year the 3M group reported a decrease in the number of snacks whereas the 3+3M group reported an increase (-1.1 vs +0.4 snacks/day, respectively, P<0.0001). Both groups decreased energy intake and E% (energy percent) fat and increased E% protein and fiber intake but there was no differences between the groups. Both groups lost weight, but there was no significant difference in weight loss after 1 year of treatment (3M vs 3+3M=-4.1+/-6.1 vs -5.9+/-9.4 kg; P=0.31). Changes in metabolic variables did not differ between the groups, except for high-density lipoprotein that increased in the 3M group but not in 3+3M group (P<0.033 for group difference).Conclusion:Recommending snacks or not between meals does not influence 1-year weight loss.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 15 August 2007; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602860.
  •  
29.
  • Berteus Forslund, Helene, 1952, et al. (författare)
  • Snacking frequency in relation to energy intake and food choices in obese men and women compared to a reference population.
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: International journal of obesity (2005). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 29:6, s. 711-9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To investigate snacking frequency in relation to energy intake and food choices, taking physical activity into account, in obese vs reference men and women. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. SUBJECTS: In total, 4259 obese, middle-aged subjects (1891 men and 2368 women) from the baseline examination of the XENDOS study and 1092 subjects (505 men and 587 women) from the SOS reference study were included. MEASUREMENTS: A meal pattern questionnaire describing habitual intake occasions (main meals, light meals/breakfast, snacks, drink-only), a dietary questionnaire describing habitual energy and macronutrient intake and a questionnaire assessing physical activity at work and during leisure time were used. RESULTS: The obese group consumed snacks more frequently compared to the reference group (P<0.001) and women more frequently than men (P<0.001). Energy intake increased with increasing snacking frequency, irrespective of physical activity. Statistically significant differences in trends were found for cakes/cookies, candies/chocolate and desserts for the relation between energy intake and snacking frequency, where energy intake increased more by snacking frequency in obese subjects than in reference subjects. CONCLUSION: Obese subjects were more frequent snackers than reference subjects and women were more frequent snackers than men. Snacks were positively related to energy intake, irrespective of physical activity. Sweet, fatty food groups were associated with snacking and contributed considerably to energy intake. Snacking needs to be considered in obesity treatment, prevention and general dietary recommendations.
  •  
30.
  • Bjermo, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Lead, mercury, and cadmium in blood and their relation to diet among Swedish adults
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Food and Chemical Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6915. ; 57, s. 161-9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of the present study was to examine the body burden of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) in blood among Swedish adults and the association between blood levels, diet and other lifestyle factors. The study was based on a subgroup (n = 273) of the national survey Riksmaten 2010-2011 (4-day food records and questionnaire). Lead, Hg, and Cd were measured in whole blood, and Cd additionally in urine, by mass or fluorescence spectrometry methods. The median values (5-95th percentiles) of the metals in blood were as follows: Pb: 13.4 (5.8-28.6) mu g/L, Hg: 1.13 (0.31-3.45) mu g/L, and Cd: 0.19 (0.09-1.08) mu g/L. All three metals increased with increasing age. Lead levels in blood were positively associated with intakes of game and alcohol, Hg was related to fish intake, and blood Cd related to smoking and low iron stores and to a low meat intake. Body burdens of the studied metals were generally below health based reference values, but several individuals had blood Pb levels above the reference point for possible nephrotoxic and developmental neurotoxic effects. As health effects cannot be excluded, individuals with high Pb exposure should aim at decreasing their body burden, both from food and from other exposure routes. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  •  
31.
  • Burza, Maria Antonella, 1980, et al. (författare)
  • Long-Term Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Liver Enzymes in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and Aim: Obesity is associated with elevated serum transaminase levels and non- Methods: The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study is a prospective controlled intervention study Results: Compared to usual care, bariatric surgery was associated with lower serum ALT and AST levels Conclusions: Bariatric surgery results in a sustained reduction in transaminase levels and a long-term
  •  
32.
  • Colombo, P. E., et al. (författare)
  • Barriers and facilitators to successful implementation of sustainable school meals: a qualitative study of the OPTIMAT (TM)-intervention
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-5868. ; 18:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background There is an urgent need to align human diets with goals for environmental sustainability and population health. The OPTIMAT (TM)-intervention study was developed to implement and evaluate a nutritionally adequate and climate-friendly 4-week lunch menu in Swedish primary schools. This study aimed to explore pupils' and kitchen staff's experiences of the intervention and to identify barriers and facilitators to successful implementation of sustainable school meals. Methods An inductive manifest qualitative method was used. Nine focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted, six with pupils in grades 5 (ages 10-11) and 8 (ages 14-15) (n = 29) and three with kitchen staff (n = 13). Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Five main categories and 11 subcategories at a manifest level emerged. The five main categories were: 1) Experiences with the new menu, unfolding variations in how the new menu was received and kitchen staff's experiences of working with it; 2) The meaning of diet sustainability, comprising pupils' and kitchen staff's perceptions about diet sustainability as a concept and part of their everyday lives; 3) Factors influencing plant-based food acceptance, covering aspects such as the influence of sensory factors, habits and peer pressure; 4) Opportunities to increase plant-based eating, including factors related to pupils' and kitchen staff's ideas for how to increase plant-based food acceptance; and 5) Need for a supportive environment to achieve dietary change, comprising pupils' and kitchen staff's thoughts on the importance of more knowledge, resources and involvement of stakeholders to eat more plant-based meals in schools. Conclusions Successful implementation of sustainable school meals would require more knowledge among pupils and kitchen staff. Staff also need more training in cooking of sustainable meals. Barriers among pupils could be tackled by introducing new plant-based meals more gradually and by more carefully considering the seasoning, naming and aesthetics of dishes. An increased leadership support for change and involvement of stakeholders from multiple levels within society will be key in the transition to sustainable school meals at scale.
  •  
33.
  • Colombo, P. E., et al. (författare)
  • Designing Nutritionally Adequate and Climate-Friendly Diets for Omnivorous, Pescatarian, Vegetarian and Vegan Adolescents in Sweden Using Linear Optimization
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 13:8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Low-carbon diets can counteract climate change and promote health if they are nutritionally adequate, affordable and culturally acceptable. This study aimed at developing sustainable diets and to compare these with the EAT-Lancet diet. The Swedish national dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-2017 was used as the baseline. Diets were optimized using linear programming for four dietary patterns: omnivores, pescatarians, vegetarians and vegans. The deviation from the baseline Riksmaten diet was minimized for all optimized diets while fulfilling nutrient and climate footprint constraints. Constraining the diet-related carbon dioxide equivalents of omnivores to 1.57 kg/day resulted in a diet associated with a reduction of meat, dairy products, and processed foods and an increase in potatoes, pulses, eggs and seafood. Climate-friendly, nutritionally adequate diets for pescatarians, vegetarians and vegans contained fewer foods and included considerable amounts of fortified dairy and meat substitutes. The optimized diets did not align very well with the food-group pattern of the EAT-Lancet diet. These findings suggest how to design future diets that are climate-friendly, nutritionally adequate, affordable, and culturally acceptable for Swedish adolescents with different dietary patterns. The discrepancies with the EAT diet indicate that the cultural dietary context is likely to play an important role in characterizing sustainable diets for specific populations.
  •  
34.
  • Colombo, P. E., et al. (författare)
  • Optimizing School Food Supply: Integrating Environmental, Health, Economic, and Cultural Dimensions of Diet Sustainability with Linear Programming
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601 .- 1661-7827. ; 16:17
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is great potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) from public-sector meals. This paper aimed to develop a strategy for reducing GHGE in the Swedish school food supply while ensuring nutritional adequacy, affordability, and cultural acceptability. Amounts, prices and GHGE-values for all foods and drinks supplied to three schools over one year were gathered. The amounts were optimized by linear programming. Four nutritionally adequate models were developed: Model 1 minimized GHGE while constraining the relative deviation (RD) from the observed food supply, Model 2 minimized total RD while imposing stepwise GHGE reductions, Model 3 additionally constrained RD for individual foods to an upper and lower limit, and Model 4 further controlled how pair-wise ratios of 15 food groups could deviate. Models 1 and 2 reduced GHGE by up to 95% but omitted entire food categories or increased the supply of some individual foods by more than 800% and were deemed unfeasible. Model 3 reduced GHGE by up to 60%, excluded no foods, avoided high RDs of individual foods, but resulted in large changes in food-group ratios. Model 4 limited the changes in food-group ratios but resulted in a higher number of foods deviating from the observed supply and limited the potential of reducing GHGE in one school to 20%. Cost was reduced in almost all solutions. An omnivorous, nutritionally adequate, and affordable school food supply with considerably lower GHGE is achievable with moderate changes to the observed food supply; i.e., with Models 3 and 4. Trade-offs will always have to be made between achieving GHGE reductions and preserving similarity to the current supply.
  •  
35.
  • Colombo, P. E., et al. (författare)
  • Sustainable and acceptable school meals through optimization analysis: an intervention study
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2891. ; 19:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background School meals hold considerable potential to shape children's diets and reduce food-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE)-in the short and long term. This study applied linear optimization to develop a GHGE-reduced, nutritionally adequate, and affordable school lunch menu. The effects on food waste, consumption and pupils' satisfaction with the meals were evaluated. Methods A pre-post design was employed to assess the effects of implementing an optimized lunch menu on daily food waste, consumption, and pupils' school meal satisfaction in three schools (grades 0-9) from one Swedish municipality. A food list containing amounts, prices, nutrient content, and GHGE-values of all foods used for a previously served (baseline) four-week lunch menu was created. Using linear programming, this food list was optimized for minimum deviation and constrained to ensure nutritional adequacy and a reduced climate impact. The optimized food list was developed into a new (intervention) four-week lunch menu by a professional meal planner, following the baseline menu as closely as possible. The baseline and intervention menus were served for four weeks, respectively, with a two week break in between. Prepared, wasted and leftover food were weighed daily by the school kitchen staff during both periods. Interrupted time series analysis assessed mean and slope differences in daily food waste and consumption between the two periods. School lunch satisfaction was assessed with an online questionnaire at baseline and during the intervention. Results Optimization resulted in a food list that was 40% lower in GHGE, met all nutrient recommendations for school meals, and cost 11% less compared to baseline. The intervention menu was served as planned, with only minor changes required (for practical reasons). Plate waste, serving waste, consumption and school lunch satisfaction did not differ significantly from baseline, in any of the schools. Conclusions The findings demonstrate that school meals can successfully be improved regarding health and environmental sustainability using linear optimization, without negative effects on food waste, consumption or cost. This approach offers the necessary flexibility to tailor menus towards different priorities and could therefore be transferred to other types of meal services.
  •  
36.
  • Desalegn, Anteneh, et al. (författare)
  • Urinary concentrations of phthalate/DINCH metabolites and body mass index among European children and adolescents in the HBM4EU Aligned Studies: A cross-sectional multi-country study
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 190
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Phthalates are ubiquitous in the environment. Despite short half-lives, chronic exposure can lead to endocrine disruption. The safety of phthalate substitute DINCH is unclear. Objective: To evaluate associations between urinary concentrations of phthalate/DINCH metabolites and body mass index (BMI) z-score among children and adolescents. Method: We used Human Biomonitoring for Europe Aligned Studies data from 2876 children (12 studies, 6-12 years, 2014-2021) and 2499 adolescents (10 studies, 12-18 years, 2014-2021) with up to 14 phthalate/DINCH urinary metabolites. We used multilevel linear regression to assess associations between phthalate/DINCH concentrations and BMI z-scores, testing effect modification by sex. In a subset, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile-based g-computation assessed important predictors and mixture effects. Results: In children, we found few associations in single pollutant models and no interactions by sex (p p-interaction > 0.1). BKMR detected no relevant exposures (posterior inclusion probabilities, PIPs < 0.25), nor joint mixture effect. In adolescent single pollutant analysis, mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) concentrations were associated with higher BMI z-score in males ((3 = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.001,0.15, per interquartile range increase in ln-transformed concentrations, p-interaction = 0.06). Conversely, mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) was associated with a lower BMI z-score in both sexes ((3 =-0.13, 95 % CI:-0.19,-0.07, p-interaction = 0.74), as was sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (& sum;DEHP) metabolites in females only ((3 =-0.08,95 % CI:-0.14,-0.02,p-interaction p-interaction = 0.01). In BKMR, higher BMI z-scores were predicted by MEP (PIP=0.90) and MBzP (PIP=0.84) in males. Lower BMI z-scores were predicted by MiBP (PIP=0.999), OH-MIDP (PIP=0.88) and OH-MINCH (PIP=0.72) in both sexes, less robustly by DEHP (PIP=0.61) in females. In quantile g-computation, the overall mixture effect was null for males, and trended negative for females ((3 =-0.11, 95 % CI:-0.25, 0.03, per joint exposure quantile). Conclusion: In this large Europe-wide study, we found age/sex-specific differences between phthalate metabolites and BMI z-score, stronger in adolescents. Longitudinal studies with repeated phthalate measurements are needed.
  •  
37.
  • Elinder, L. S., et al. (författare)
  • Successful implementation of climate-friendly, nutritious, and acceptable school meals in practice: the optimat™ intervention study
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 12:20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introducing children to sustainable and healthy school meals can promote a long-term dietary shift to lower climate impact and improve population health. The aim of the OPTIMAT study was to optimize meals for minimum deviation from the current food supply while reducing greenhouse gases and ensuring nutritional adequacy without increasing cost. Optimized menus were tested in four primary schools in Sweden and effects on daily food consumption and waste evaluated. Pupils received their usual menu plan for three weeks and then the isocaloric optimized menu plan for another three weeks. Nutritional recommendations for a school lunch and a maximum of 500 g of carbon dioxide equivalents per meal (CO2 eq/meal) were applied as constraints during linear programming. Pulses, cereals, meat, and eggs increased, while fats and oils, dairy, sauces, and seasonings decreased. The amount of ruminant meat was reduced in favor of other meat products. The new menu was 28% lower in greenhouse gas emissions and slightly less costly than the original. No significant changes in mean food consumption or plate waste were found in interrupted time series analysis between the two periods. This pragmatic approach for combining linear optimization with meal planning could accelerate sustainable development of the meal sector in Sweden and abroad. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
  •  
38.
  • Eustachio Colombo, Patricia, et al. (författare)
  • Developing a novel optimisation approach for keeping heterogeneous diets healthy and within planetary boundaries for climate change
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 78:3, s. 193-201
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and objectives: Current dietary habits have substantial negative impacts on the health of people and the planet. This study aimed to develop a novel approach for achieving health-promoting and climate-friendly dietary recommendations for a broad range of consumers. Subjects and methods: Hierarchical clustering analysis was combined with linear programming to design nutritionally adequate, health-promoting, climate-friendly and culturally acceptable diets using Swedish national dietary data (n = 1797). Diets were optimised for the average consumption of the total population as well as for the dietary clusters. Results: Three dietary clusters were identified. All optimised diets had lower shares of animal-source foods and contained higher amounts of plant-based foods. These dietary shifts reduced climate impacts by up to 53% while leaving much of the diet unchanged. The optimised diets of the three clusters differed from the optimised diet of the total population. All optimised diets differed considerably from the food-group pattern of the EAT-Lancet diet. Conclusions: The novel cluster-based optimisation approach was able to generate alternatives that may be more acceptable and realistic for a sustainable diet across different groups in the population.
  •  
39.
  • Eustachio Colombo, P., et al. (författare)
  • The importance of school lunches to the overall dietary intake of children in Sweden: A nationally representative study
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 23:10, s. 1705-1715
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective:School lunches have potential to foster healthy diets in all children, but data on their importance are relatively scarce. The current study aimed to describe the dietary intake from school lunches by sex and school grade, and to assess how the daily intake, school lunch intake and the daily intake provided by lunch differ by sex and parental education.Design:Cross-sectional. All foods and drinks consumed for 1-3 weekdays were self-reported. Energy, absolute and energy-adjusted intakes of nutrients and food groups were calculated per weekday and per school lunch. Mixed-effects linear models assessed sociodemographic differences in dietary intakes. Nutrient and energy density at lunch and during the rest of the day were compared.Setting:Seventy-nine Swedish primary schools.Participants:Pupils in grades 5 and 8 (N 2002), nationally representative.Results:Lunch provided around half of daily vegetable intake and two-thirds of daily fish intake. Nutrient density was higher and energy density lower at lunch compared with the rest of the day (P < 0·001). Boys had greater energy-adjusted intakes of red/processed meat and lower intakes of vegetables and dietary fibre compared with girls (P < 0·001), overall and at lunch. Daily energy-adjusted intakes of most nutrients/food groups were lower for pupils of lower-educated parents compared with pupils of parents with higher education, but at lunch, only Fe and fibre intakes were significantly lower in this group.Conclusions:School lunches are making a positive contribution to the diets of Swedish children and may mitigate well-established sex differences and social inequalities in dietary intake. © The Authors, 2020.
  •  
40.
  • Fröberg, Andreas, 1985, et al. (författare)
  • Leisure-time organised physical activity and dietary intake among Swedish adolescents.
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Sports Sciences. - : Routledge. - 0264-0414 .- 1466-447X. ; 40:11, s. 1198-1205
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study aimed to investigate associations between participation in leisure-time organised physical activity (LTOPA) and dietary intake in a large representative sample of Swedish adolescents participating in the national dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-2017. A sample of 2807 participants aged 11-12, 14-15 and 17-18 years were included. Information about LTOPA and dietary intake were collected through questionnaires and two 24-hour recalls on the web (RiksmatenFlex). For dietary intake, overall healthy eating index, intake of fruit, vegetables, candy, sugar-sweetened beverages, and the proportion of added sugar to total energy intake were analysed. Significance-testing for associations was performed with analysis of covariance. LTOPA was associated with lower sugar-sweetened beverages intake among adolescent boys (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.012) and girls (p = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.005), higher fruit intake among boys (p = 0.043, ηp2 = 0.003), and lower vegetable intake among girls (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.009). However, LTOPA was unrelated to the overall healthy eating index, candy intake, and the proportion of added sugar to total energy intake (p > 0.05). LTOPA was only associated with some healthy eating behaviours, and there is much room for improvement in the diets of Swedish adolescents.
  •  
41.
  • Fröberg, Andreas, 1985, et al. (författare)
  • Organised physical activity during leisure time is associated with more objectively measured physical activity among Swedish adolescents.
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 109:9, s. 1815-1824
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between participation in organised physical activity (PA), such as sport and exercise during leisure time, and objectively measured PA and sedentary time in a large representative sample of Swedish adolescents.METHODS: This study was part of the school-based cross-sectional Swedish national dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-17. Data from 3477 adolescents aged 11-12, 14-15 and 17-18 years were used in the analyses. Participation in organised PA and parental education were reported in questionnaires. PA and sedentary time were objectively measured through accelerometry during seven consecutive days.RESULTS: Adolescents who participated in organised PA had significantly higher total PA (14%, p<0.001), more time spent on moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (eight minutes, p<0.001) and had less sedentary time (15 minutes, p<0.001). Those who participated in organised PA were more likely to reach recommended PA levels. Total PA and MVPA did not differ by parental education among those who participated in organised PA.CONCLUSION: Adolescents who participated in organised PA were more physically active, less sedentary and more likely to reach PA recommendations than those who did not.
  •  
42.
  • Fröberg, Andreas, 1985, et al. (författare)
  • Organiserad fysisk aktivitet och kostintag bland ungdomar: Resultat från Riksmaten Ungdom, 2016-17
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Svensk Förening för Beteende- och Samhällsvetenskaplig Idrottsforskning (2022) - årskonferens.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Introduktion Hälsosamma kostvanor bland ungdomar kan leda till betydelsefulla hälsovinster, både på kort och lång sikt. Forskning visar att få ungdomar äter tillräckligt med frukt och grönsaker. Dessutom att många ungdomar äter för mycket godis och dricker för mycket sötad dryck. Det finns därför behov av effektiva strategier för att främja hälsosamma kostvanor bland ungdomar. Forskning visar att deltagande i organiserad fysisk aktivitet, t.ex. föreningsidrott, är relaterat till hälsosamma levnadsvanor, såsom mer fysisk aktivitet. Dessutom finns en koppling mellan deltagande i organiserad fysisk aktivitet och positiva hälsoutfall, däribland psykologiska hälsa. Sambandet mellan organiserad fysisk aktivitet och kostintag är dock studerat i begränsad utsträckning. Idag saknas studier med representativa data från ungdomar i Sverige. Syfte Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka samband mellan deltagande i organiserad fysisk aktivitet och kostintag i ett stort representativt urval av svenska ungdomar. Metod Studien bygger på Livsmedelsverkets nationella undersökning Riksmaten ungdom 2016-17 och inkluderade data från 2807 ungdomar i åldrarna 12, 15 och 18 år. Ungdomarna besvarade ett frågeformulär om deltagande i organiserad fysisk aktivitet. Under två 24-timmarsperioder registrerades kostintag genom en webbaserad metod (RiksmatenFlex). Följande kostvariabler ingick i analyserna: intag av frukt, grönsaker, godis och sötad dryck, hälsosamt kostindex och andel tillsatt socker i relation till totalt energiintag. Frågeformulär användes också för att mäta föräldrars utbildningsnivå vilket användes som indikator för socioekonomisk bakgrund. Resultat Deltagande i organiserad fysisk aktivitet var förenat med lägre intag av sötad dryck bland pojkar (p<0.001) och flickor (p=0.007), högre intag av frukt bland pojkar (p=0.043) men också lägre intag av grönsaker bland flickor (p<0.001). Deltagande i organiserad fysisk aktivitet var inte relaterat till intag av godis, hälsosamt kostindex och andel tillsatt socker i relation till totalt energiintag (p>0.05). Vidare observerades inga tydliga skillnader i kostintag mellan de som inte deltog alls och de som deltog 1, 2, 3, 4 eller 5 gånger eller mer per vecka. Diskussion och slutsatser Studien visade att deltagande i organiserad fysisk aktivitet var förenat med vissa hälsosamma kostvariabler men att det finns utrymme för förbättringar. Platser där ungdomar deltar i organiserad fysisk aktivitet kan utgöra viktiga sammanhang för att främja hälsosamma kostvanor bland ungdomar.
  •  
43.
  •  
44.
  • Gripeteg, Lena, 1970, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of bariatric surgery on disability pension in Swedish obese subjects
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 36:3, s. 356-362
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Prospective controlled data on the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on disability pension are not available. This study prospectively compare disability pension in surgically and conventionally treated obese men and women. METHODS: The Swedish obese subjects study started in 1987 and involved 2010 obese patients who had bariatric surgery and 2037 contemporaneously matched obese controls, who received conventional treatment. Outcomes of this report were: (i) incidence of disability pension from study inclusion to 31 December 2006 in all subjects, and, (ii) number of disability pension days over 10 years in a subgroup of individuals (N=2901) followed for at least 10 years where partial pensions were recalculated to full number of days per year. Objective information on granted disability pension was obtained from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency and disability pension follow-up rate was 99.9%. RESULTS: In men, the unadjusted incidence of disability pension did not differ between the surgery and control groups (N=156 in both groups). When adjusting for baseline confounders in men, a reduced risk of disability pension was suggested in the surgery group (hazard ratio 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.62-1.00; P=0.05). Furthermore, the adjusted average number of disability pension days was lower in the surgery group, 609 versus 734 days (P=0.01). In women, bariatric surgery was not associated with significant effects on incidence or number of days of disability pension. CONCLUSION: Bariatric surgery may be associated with favourable effects on disability pension for up to 19 years in men whereas neither favourable nor unfavourable effects could be detected in women.
  •  
45.
  • Gripeteg, Lena, 1970, et al. (författare)
  • Predictors of Very-Low-Energy Diet Outcome in Obese Women and Men
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: OBESITY FACTS. - 1662-4025. ; 3:3, s. 159-165
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore baseline outcome predictors of a 12-week very-low-energy diet (VLED) treatment. METHODS: Obese patients (177 women and 90 men) started treatment. Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were used to predict weight loss (%), successful outcome (>or= 10% weight loss) and attrition. Potential predictors were anthropometry, socioeconomic variables, established questionnaires on health-related quality of life, and eating behavior, and additional questions related to dieting. RESULTS: Mean weight loss was 13.5% (standard deviation (SD) 5.6) in women and 15.1% (6.1) in men (p = 0.054). Greater weight loss in women was predicted by having more children, lower education, and better perceived physical health (R-square (R(2)) = 12.7%), and in men by better ambulation capacity, living with a partner/children, and snacking on ice-cream more often (R(2) = 39.4%). Successful outcome in women was predicted by less obesity-related psychosocial dysfunction, and in men by better functioning in social interaction and ambulation capacity. Attrition was predicted by lower age and larger hip circumference in women, and in men by lower perceived general health. Two-week weight loss was independently associated with all outcomes except attrition in women. CONCLUSION: Factors related to perceived physical health, social interaction, socio-economic factors, and obesity-related psychosocial problems predicted VLED outcome. The predictors differed by gender.
  •  
46.
  • Gripeteg, Lena, et al. (författare)
  • Prolonged refeeding improves weight maintenance after weight loss with very-low-energy diets
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 103:1, s. 141-148
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that a prolonged refeeding duration after successful very-low-energy diet (VLED)-induced weight loss beneficially affects weight development and eating behaviour. Patients (it 269) were recruited to a I-year obesity treatment programme with 12 weeks of an initial VLED. After the VLED, patients with 10 % weight loss were randomly allocated to I week (group 1) or 6 weeks (group 6) refeeding to an ordinary, energy-reduced diet, and thereafter followed and actively treated for an additional 40 weeks. Eating behaviour (revised twenty-one-item Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire) was measured at baseline, during and after refeeding, and at week 52. Weight change over time in the two treatment groups was tested by repeated-measures analysis in completers and by intention to treat (ITT). Of the patients, 169 (109 women) lost >= 10 % during the VLED and were randomised. At randomisation, weight loss was -16.5 (SD 3.7) % in group I and - 16.7 (SD 4-3) % in group 6 (P=0.73). Between weeks 12 and 52, completers in group 6 regained significantly less weight (3.9 (SD 9.1) %) as compared with group 1 (8.2 (SD 8.3) % P=0.006) (ITT, P=0.05). Completers in group 6 also maintained a higher level of dietary restraint after refeeding was completed, but eating behaviour did not differ at week 52. Weight change after the refeeding periods were completed did not differ significantly between the groups (P=0.06). Overall, longer refeeding duration after successful weight loss with a VLED improves weight maintenance in a 1-year perspective.
  •  
47.
  • Hallström, Lena, 1958- (författare)
  • Breakfast habits among European adolescents : The Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study
  • 2011
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The aim of this thesis was to study the associations of individual and socio-environmental factors with breakfast habits among adolescents on a European level.   Methods: The HELENA-study (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) is a multi-centre cross-sectional, school-based study including 3528 adolescents (aged 12.5-17.49 years) from 10 European cities inEurope. Data was collected during the 2006-2007 academic year. Breakfast habits were assessed by a computerised, self-administered, 24-h recall and by questionnaires. The whole day dietary intake, measured with the computerised 24-h recall, was evaluated by comparing a self-administered and an interviewed 24-h recall. The socio-demographical factors used were sex, age, region inEurope (southern versus northern/central), mother and father’s education and occupation, family structure and family affluence. Body composition was measured with weight, height, waist circumference and skinfold thickness. Blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, blood lipids, insulin and glucose were also measured.   Results: The evaluation between the self-administered and interview 24-h recall showed generally good agreement between the two methods. Few adolescents (4 %) had a ‘high-quality’ breakfast. Breakfast consumption on both recall days was reported among 77 % (24-h recall) and 55 % reported slightly disagreeing to strongly disagreeing with the statement ‘I often skip breakfast’. Younger adolescents, adolescents from the northern/central part of Europe and adolescents from families with high socio-demographical status were more likely to report consuming a ‘high-quality’ breakfast while breakfast consumption versus breakfast skipping were inappreciably associated with socio-demographical factors. Personal factors (‘hunger’, ‘taste of the food’ ‘concern for health’) and the socio-environmental factor (‘parents or guardian’) were the most important influences on the adolescents’ choice of food at breakfast. Regular ‘breakfast consumption’ was associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness in both boys and girls, and with a healthier cardiovascular profile, especially in boys.   Conclusion: The public health implications of poor breakfast consumption habits are considerable. This work highlights the need to promote breakfast, especially a ‘high-quality’ breakfast, among adolescents, particularly older adolescents, adolescents from the southern part of Europe and adolescents from families with low socio-demographical status.
  •  
48.
  • Johns, D. J., et al. (författare)
  • Dietary Patterns, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in Severe Obesity
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381 .- 1930-739X. ; 23:5, s. 1063-1070
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • ObjectiveThe longitudinal associations between a dietary pattern (DP) and cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence were investigated in a cohort of adults with severe obesity. MethodsThe analysis included 2,037 individuals with severe obesity (>34 and >38 kg/m(2) for men and women, respectively) from the Swedish Obese Subjects study repeatedly followed up for 10 years. Reduced rank regression was used to identify a DP characterized by dietary energy density, saturated fat intake, and fiber density. Mixed models examined relationships between repeated measures of DP z-scores and cardiometabolic risk factors. Cox proportional hazards models assessed relationships between DP scores and CVD incidence. ResultsAn energy-dense, high-saturated-fat, and low-fiber DP was derived. A one-unit increase in the DP z-score between follow-ups was associated with an increase in weight [ (SE)] (1.710.10 kg), waist circumference (1.49 +/- 0.07 cm), BMI (0.60 +/- 0.34 kg/m(2)), serum cholesterol (0.06 +/- 0.01 mmol/l), and serum insulin (1.22 +/- 0.17 mmol/l; all P<0.0001), as well as in serum triglycerides (0.05 +/- 0.02 mmol/l; P<0.05), systolic blood pressure (1.05 +/- 0.27 mmHg; P<0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (0.55 +/- 0.16 mmHg; P<0.05). No significant association was observed between repeated measures of the DP z-scores and CVD incidence (HR=0.96; 95% CI=0.83-1.12). ConclusionsAn energy-dense, high-saturated-fat, and low-fiber DP was longitudinally associated with increases in cardiometabolic risk factors in severe obesity but not with CVD incidence.
  •  
49.
  • Johns, D. J., et al. (författare)
  • Tracking of a Dietary Pattern and Its Components over 10-Years in the Severely Obese
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Understanding how dietary intake changes over time is important for studies of diet and disease and may inform interventions to improve dietary intakes. We investigated how a dietary pattern (DP) tracked over 10-years in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study control group. Dietary intake was assessed at multiple time-points in 2037 severely obese individuals (BMI 4164 kg/m(2)). Reduced rank regression was used to derive a dietary pattern using dietary energy density (kJ/g), saturated fat (%) and fibre density (mg/kJ) as response variables and score respondents at each follow-up. Tracking coefficients for the DP, its key foods and macronutrient response variables and corrected for time-dependent and time-independent covariates were calculated using generalised estimating equations to take into account all available data. The DP tracking coefficient was moderate for women (0.40; 95% CI: 0.38-0.42) and men (0.38; 95% CI: 0.35-0.41). Of the eleven foods key to this DP, fruit and vegetable intakes had the strongest tracking coefficient for both sexes. Fast food and candy had the lowest tracking coefficients for women and men respectively. Scores for an energy dense, high saturated fat, low fibre density DP appear moderately stable over a 10-year period in this severely obese population. Furthermore, some food groups appear more amenable to change while others, often the most healthful, appear more stable and may require intervention before adulthood.
  •  
50.
  • Karason, Kristjan, 1962, et al. (författare)
  • Effort-related calf pain in the obese and long-term changes after surgical obesity treatment.
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Obesity research. - 1071-7323. ; 13:1, s. 137-45
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of effort-related calf pain in an obese and a general population and to analyze the incidence of and recovery from such pain after surgical and conventional obesity treatment. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A random sample of 1135 subjects from a general population was compared with 6328 obese subjects in the Swedish Obese Subjects study. Obese subjects were followed longitudinally, and information about calf pain was obtained from surgically and conventionally treated patients for up to 6 years. RESULTS: In both sexes, self-reported calf pain was more common in the obese than in the general population [odds ratios (ORs) 5.0 and 4.0 in men and women, respectively, p<0.001]. Obese patients undergoing surgery had a lower 6-year incidence of calf pain compared with the conventionally treated control group (ORs 0.39 and 0.61, p<0.05). Among subjects reporting symptoms at baseline, the 6-year recovery rate was higher in the surgical group compared with the control group (ORs 15.3 and 5.9, p<0.001). DISCUSSION: Obese subjects have markedly more problems with effort-related calf pain than the general population. Surgical obesity treatment reduces the long-term risk of developing claudication symptoms and increases the likelihood of recovering from such symptoms.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 1-50 av 79
Typ av publikation
tidskriftsartikel (74)
konferensbidrag (3)
annan publikation (1)
doktorsavhandling (1)
Typ av innehåll
refereegranskat (72)
övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (7)
Författare/redaktör
Lindroos, Anna-Karin ... (78)
Sjöström, Lars (31)
Lissner, Lauren, 195 ... (20)
Torgerson, Jarl S, 1 ... (16)
Carlsson, Lena M S, ... (12)
Berteus Forslund, He ... (9)
visa fler...
Nyberg, Gisela (8)
Carlsson, Björn, 195 ... (8)
Peltonen, Markku, 19 ... (7)
Fröberg, Andreas, 19 ... (7)
Lönroth, Hans, 1952 (6)
Bengtsson, Calle, 19 ... (6)
Patterson, E (6)
Olbers, Torsten, 196 ... (5)
Karason, Kristjan, 1 ... (5)
Wedel, Hans (5)
Patterson, Emma (5)
Winkvist, Anna, 1962 (5)
Jacobson, Peter, 196 ... (4)
Karlsson, C. (4)
Warensjö Lemming, Ev ... (4)
Dahlgren, Sven (4)
Lignell, Sanna (3)
Svensson, Per-Arne, ... (3)
Strid, Anna (3)
Lönn, Lars, 1956 (3)
Kjellenberg, Karin (3)
Wirfält, Elisabet (2)
Gummesson, Anders, 1 ... (2)
Bergström, Göran, 19 ... (2)
Hedblad, Bo (2)
Ericson, Ulrika (2)
Karlsson, J. (2)
Lundh, Thomas (2)
Hallström, Elinor (2)
Nybacka, Sanna (2)
Ahlin, Sofie, 1985 (2)
Sjöholm, Kajsa, 1971 (2)
Anveden, Åsa (2)
Näslund, I. (2)
Akesson, Agneta (2)
Romeo, Stefano, 1976 (2)
Lystig, Ted (2)
Zamaratskaia, G. (2)
Bjermo, H. (2)
Lignell, S. (2)
Larsson, Christel, 1 ... (2)
Rydén, Anna, 1957 (2)
Taft, Charles, 1950 (2)
Sonesson, Ulf (2)
visa färre...
Lärosäte
Göteborgs universitet (78)
Karolinska Institutet (20)
Uppsala universitet (11)
Lunds universitet (5)
Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan (5)
Umeå universitet (3)
visa fler...
RISE (3)
Linköpings universitet (2)
Mälardalens universitet (1)
Örebro universitet (1)
Jönköping University (1)
Chalmers tekniska högskola (1)
Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet (1)
visa färre...
Språk
Engelska (76)
Svenska (3)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Medicin och hälsovetenskap (67)
Lantbruksvetenskap (5)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy