| 1. |
- Amato, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Individual and Organizational Factors at the Basis of Newly Graduated Nurses’ Burnout
- 2020
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Ingår i: XXXII International Congress of Psychology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Nurses’ burnout is extremely costly for hospitals and society in general. This is of special concern among newly graduated nurses, because about 25%-30% of them burnout or drop their jobs after the first year of employment. The aim of the present study was to investigate if newly graduated nurses’ perception of their work climate mediated the relationship between their personality and burnout symptoms. Method: At the beginning of their first year of work, 120 Swedish nurses answered the Temperament and Character Inventory, the Learning Climate Questionnaire, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. We conducted hierarchical regression analysis to test if the effect of personality on burnout was mediated by nurses’ outlook on their work climate. Results: The mediation model was significant (F = 2.30, F-change = 4.71, p < .05, R2 = .14). Both Harm Avoidance ( = .27, p < .05) and Persistence ( = .22, p < .05) were related to higher levels of burnout. However, nurses’ perception of their work climate totally mediated the effect of both Harm Avoidance ( = .19, p = .10) and Persistence ( = .16, p = .15) on burnout. Conclusion: Nurses with a personality profile characterized by excessive worrying, pessimism, shyness, and fear (i.e., high Harm Avoidance) and who were perseverant in spite of fatigue or frustration (i.e., high Persistence) were more vulnerable to burnout because of their tendency to perceive lack of support and a highly demanding workplace. Moreover, they perceived a general feeling of work dissatisfaction and lacked sense of control over organizational events and the opportunity to learn and develop their competence. In sum, interventions aimed to mitigate the effect of critical work factors on burnout have to consider personality first; that is, the key to prevent burnout might be the development of a resilient personality profile.
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| 2. |
- Amato, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Newly Graduated Nurses' Learning Work Climate, Health, Resilience, and Burnout Symptoms
- 2020
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Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The results provide an indication of important learning work climate factors associated to newly graduated nurses’ health, ability to cope successfully in adverse circumstances (i.e., resilience), and burnout symptoms. It is, however, plausible that there is an interconnection between personal vulnerability, learning climate, and health (Stoyanov & Cloninger, 2011).
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| 3. |
- Cloninger, Kevin M., et al.
(författare)
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A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study using Mind-Body Interventions among Refugees in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Person Centered Medicine. - : University of Buckingham Press. - 2043-7730 .- 2043-7749. ; 9:3, s. 19-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Migration is one of the major challenges of the 21st century with many refugees being victims of torture and experiencing war and the collapse of their society. Sweden, for example, received about 169,520 refugees during 2015 and 20–30% of them were estimated to suffer from mental illness. Nevertheless, research shows that about 66.40% of refugees never reveal their traumatic experiences to a doctor and a majority refuse psychiatric help. Hence, we need innovative methods to promote the physical, mental, and social health of refugees. Objective: We examined the effects of Anthropedia’s Well-Being Coaching (i.e., a biopsychosocial approach to coaching) and Well-Being Spa (i.e., modern version of age-old Spa interventions) on the personality and health of a sample of refugees living in Sweden. Methodology: Participants were recruited as part of a health and employment project in Blekinge, Sweden. A total of 70 Syrian refugees were randomly assigned to a six-month intervention comprising either Well-Being Coaching, or Well-Being Spa, or both (i.e., Mind–Body). The participants reported personality (temperament and character), well-being (positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, and harmony in life), and ill-being (defeat and entrapment, and anxiety and depression) at the beginning and at the end of the six-month intervention period. Results: Participants assigned to the Well-Being Coaching intervention showed increases in self-directedness (Cohen’s d = 0.84), cooperativeness (Cohen’s d = 0.36), positive affect (Cohen’s d = 0.43), and life satisfaction (Cohen’s d = 0.56), and decreases in both negative affect (Cohen’s d = 0.38) and defeat (Cohen’s d = 0.89). Participants assigned to the Well-Being Spa intervention showed decreases in harm avoidance (Cohen’s d = 0.55), reward dependence (Cohen’s d = 0.69), negative affect (Cohen’s d = 0.82), anxiety (Cohen’s d = 0.53), defeat (Cohen’s d = 0.34), and external entrapment (Cohen’s d = 0.42). Participants assigned to the Mind–Body intervention showed significant decreases in harm avoidance (Cohen’s d = 0.47), anxiety (Cohen’s d = 0.61), depression (Cohen’s d = 0.34), defeat (Cohen’s d = 0.56), external entrapment (Cohen’s d = 0.44), and internal entrapment (Cohen’s d = 0.79) and increases in persistence (Cohen’s d = 0.27), self-directedness (Cohen’s d = 0.28), cooperativeness (Cohen’s d = 0.43), self-transcendence (Cohen’s d = 0.51), positive affect (Cohen’s d = 0.42), and harmony in life (Cohen’s d = 0.36). Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that Well-Being Coaching strengthens refugees’ character, while the Well-Being Spa treatments reduced participants’ tendency to worry and anxiety. Finally, the combination of these two interventions seems to promote the development of health-related traits, reduce ill-health, and stress, and increase well-being in a wider biopsychosocial perspective.
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| 4. |
- Cloninger, Kevin M., et al.
(författare)
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Increases in character development, resilience, and well-being among participants in Anthropedia's well-being coaching training
- 2018
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Ingår i: 30th APS Annual Convention. San Francisco, CA, USA: 24-27 May 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study examined the impacts of the year-long, 270-hour, Anthropedia Well-Being Coaching Training on character development, health, and resilience. There was a significant increase in subjective well-being, and character development including self-acceptance, empathy, moral reasoning, and self-transcendence as a whole as measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI).
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| 5. |
- Cloninger, Kevin M., et al.
(författare)
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The Health Effects of Anthropedia’s Well-Being Coaching: A 6-Month Pilot Study Among Long-Term Unemployment Swedish Young Adults
- 2019
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Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years Sweden had an increased number of asylum seekers entering the country. Asylum seeking can affect the physical and mental health of individuals due to prolonged application processes and waiting times which can lead to inactivity. Physical inactivity is one of the leading risk factors leading to noncommunicable diseases and overall mortality. The Public Health Report Blekinge 2014 states that groups with low socioeconomic status are less likely to be physically active in comparison with groups with a high socioeconomic status. Physical activity contributes to physical and mental well-being, and increases the possibilities for creating social networks as well as being part of the society. The project “Health for Everybody” (Hälsa för Alla) offers physical and cultural activities to approximately 300 refugees who have been granted asylum in the Blekinge region. The activities are conducted with the help of physical trainers, testing staff and community workers. In its current format each group of 20 to 30 refugees is offered training once a week for a 10-week period. The participants’ physical and psychological health and lifestyle habits are measured before and after the program through bioimpedance, physical conditioning tests and self-reports of psychological aspects related to health and lifestyle. We examined the health effects of cultural activities and Well-Being Coaching among long-term unemployed Swedish young adults. While individuals receiving cultural activities only showed a slight decrease in anxiety, those receiving Well-Being Coaching showed significant increases in subjective well-being and decreases in depression, anxiety, and sense of defeat and entrapment.
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| 6. |
- Cloninger, Kevin M., et al.
(författare)
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The Prevalence of Personality (Temperament and Character) Profiles among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2020
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Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Personal vulnerability (i.e., specific personality profiles) is a major factor for burnout among helping professionals. Compared to the general population, 80% of Swedish newly graduated nurses reported high Reward Dependence (i.e., being sentimental, warm, attached, and dependent) and 95% reported low Self-Directedness (i.e., being blaming, aimless, helpless, defensive, and unfulfilled).
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| 7. |
- Cloninger, Kevin M., et al.
(författare)
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Well-Being Coaching Training: Character, Resilience and Well-Being
- 2018
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Ingår i: 9th European Conference on Positive Psychology. Budapest, Hungary.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The level of stress in the 21st century is increasing the risk for lifestyle and stress-related illness in all populations, including health care professionals who have the double burden of their personal problems and those of their patients. Between 2009 and 2014, psychiatric diagnoses, including burnout, have doubled in health care populations like nurses, doctors, and psychotherapists [1]. In order to help others, health care professionals have the need of a variety of tools and approaches to work on their own resilience, health, and well-being. The Anthropedia Foundation in collaboration with the Center for Well-Being at Washington University in St. Louis developed a specialized training that is person-centered, interdisciplinary, and biopsychosocial in orientation. This training can be integrated into existing professions or used independently. The training program has been designed to increase three character dimensions (self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence) that have been shown to lead to increases in physical and mental health, resilience, and overall well-being [2-4]. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether well-being training was effective in increasing character scores in the training participants. Method: 50 trainees were given the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Temperament and Character Inventory before and after the one-year training. Paired t-tests were performed to examine significant differences. Results: Analyses showed significant differences in the Temperament and Character Inventory subscales of self-acceptance (t = 2.2, df = 49, p < .05, Cohen’s D = 0.77), empathy (t = 2.6, df = 49, p < .05, Cohen’s D = 0.90), moral reasoning (t = 3.17, df = 49, p < .01, Cohen’s D = 1.11), and the scale of self-transcendence (t = 2.98, df = 49, p < .01, Cohen’s D = 1.04). There was a marginal increase in positive emotions (t = 1.18, df = 49, p < .05) and life satisfaction (t = 1.57, df = 49, p < .05), and a marginal decrease in negative emotions (t = 1.26, df = 49, p < .05). Conclusions: Results suggest that the training methodology increased subjective well-being, as well as self-directedness (self-acceptance), cooperativeness (empathy and moral reasoning), and self-transcendence. Cross-cultural studies on these character dimensions have demonstrated strong relationships between increases in character development and perceived social support, perceived health, and resilience [2-4]. In other words, the well-being coaching training increases sustainable global health, resilience and psychological well-being, and not simply hedonic well-being. The coaching is more intensive since it is one-on-one, thus we expect the effect on subjective well-being and character to be even greater for coachees.
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| 8. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A Pilot Study on Newly Graduated Nurses' Personal Vulnerability for Burnout
- 2019
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Ingår i: 31st Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Washington, D.C., USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nurses’ work is characterized by overload and hard decisions. Despite 80% of new ly graduated nurses being socially warm and dedicated, 72.97% lacked purpose and meaning and felt ineffective and disconnected from the rest of the world. Moreover, 51.70% had a personality profile with high risk for burnout and ill-being.
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| 9. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A Pilot Study on Resilience (Harm Avoidance, Persistence, and Self-directedness) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2019
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Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A Resilient profile is low in Harm Avoidance (i.e., relaxed, confident, and optimistic) and high in Persistence (i.e., industrious, perseverant, and hard-working) and Self-Directedness (i.e., responsible, reliable, self-acceptant, goal-oriented, and resourceful). We found that, compared to the general population, only 6.90% of Swedish newly graduated nurses had a resilient profile.
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| 10. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A Pilot Study on Temperament (Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Reward Dependence) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2019
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Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One factor for burnout vulnerability among nurses is their temperament profile. Compared to the general population, about 80% of Swedish newly graduated nurses were sentimental, warm, dedicated, attached, and dependent (i.e., high Reward Dependence) and 50% were worrying, pessimistic, doubtful, shy and low in energy (i.e., high Harm Avoidance).
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Patients’ Satisfaction with Swedish Primary Care: Identification of Patient’s Resources and Needs, Trustful Mutual Partnership, and the Co-creation of Coherent Documentation
- 2019
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Ingår i: 31st Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Washington, D.C., USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- By categorizing items in a primary care nationwide patient survey in three theorized sub-constructs of person-centered care, we found that 57% to 71% of patients’ health care satisfaction was predicted by health care personnel’s ability to identify the patient’s resources and needs, form a partnership, and co-create coherent documentation.
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| 13. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Person-Centered Care
- 2018
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Ingår i: V. Zeigler-Hill & T. Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. - Cham, Switzerland : Springer.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Person-centered care is a model for health care that involves a biopsychosocial approach on health (physical, psychological, and social) and the person (body, mind, and psyche; Cloninger, 2004, 2013ab) through the alliance between the one giving care and the one seeking care as equal partners. One of the main aims is to implement a process that goes beyond the diagnostic formulation of identifying a disease state or ill-health, that is, a process of total health status, including ill-being and well-being (Mezzich et al., 2016). A second main aim is to empower the person seeking care to make self-directed informed choices to promote well-being in all planes of her/his life by including her/his subjective narratives, values, and meanings of illness and health as well as personal preferences and choices in treatment and care (Wong & Cloninger, 2010). A third main aim is the promotion of a working alliance in the health care process (Rogers, 1946; Kitwood & Bredin, 1992). This alliance includes the health care personnel, the person seeking the care, significant others, and also other community stakeholders involved in the health care of the person.
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| 14. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Questions of Self-regulation and Affect: Affectivity, Locomotion, Assessment, and Psychological Well-Being
- 2018
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Ingår i: Biquarterly Iranian Journal of Health Psychology. - 2588-4204. ; 1:1, s. 37-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The affectivity system is a complex dynamic system, thus, it needs to be seen as a whole-system unit that is best studied by analyzing four profiles: self-destructive (low positive affect, high negative affect), low affective (low positive affect, low negative affect), high affective (high positive affect, high negative affect), and self-fulfilling (high positive affect, low negative affect). Our purpose was to examine individual differences in psychological well-being and self-regulatory strategies (assessment/locomotion). Additionally, we investigated if the effect of psychological well-being on self-regulatory strategies was moderated by the individual’s type of profile. Method: Participants (N = 567) answered the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-being, and the Regulatory Mode Questionnaire. We conducted a Multivariate Analysis of Variance using age as covariate and Structural Equation Modeling in a multi-group for moderation analysis. Result: Individuals with a self-fulfilling profile scored highest in all psychological well-being constructs and locomotion and lowest in assessment. Nevertheless, matched comparisons showed that increases in certain psychological resources might lead to profile changes. Moreover, while some psychological well-being constructs (e.g., self-acceptance) had an effect of self-regulatory mode independently of the individual’s profile, other constructs’ (e.g., personal growth) effect on self-regulation was moderated by the person’s unique type of profile. Conclusions: Although only theoretical, these results give an idea of how leaps/changes might be extreme (i.e., from one profile at the extreme of the model to the other extreme), while other might be serial (i.e., from one profile to another depending on matching affective dimensions).
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| 15. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Regulatory Mode Profiles and the Organization of the Flow of Time
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of School and Cognitive Psychology. - : OMICS Publishing Group. - 2469-9837. ; 3:3, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Individuals strive after goals through regulatory modes of assessment and locomotion. The independent inter-relationship between these two modes implies four profiles: assessor (i.e. high in assessment/low in locomotion), low regulator (i.e. low assessment/low locomotion), high regulator (i.e. high assessment/high locomotion), and locomotor (i.e. low assessment/high locomotion). We investigated the way individuals with different profiles organize the flow of time (i.e. past, present, and future) in order to explore how the outlook on time might be associated to changes in regulatory mode. Method: High school pupils and university Students (N=522) answered to the Self-regulatory Mode Questionnaire and Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Results: The regulatory mode profiles had a significant effect on the five time perspective dimensions (F(15, 1548)=14.66, p<0.001, Pillias ́Trace=0.37). Comparisons between individuals who differed in one regulatory mode but where similar in the other suggested that high levels of past positive and low levels of past negative were associated to low assessment when locomotion was high and to high locomotion when assessment was low. High levels in the future time perspective dimension were related to high levels of locomotion when assessment was high, while low levels of past negative were related to low assessment when locomotion was low. Conclusion: The results illustrate the complexity of a dynamic system of regulation in which the same antecedents can lead to different outcomes (i.e. multi-finality) and different antecedents can lead to the same outcome (i.e. equifinality). Although only theoretical, this gives an idea of how some leaps might be abrupt as a quantum leap (i.e. extremely different profiles), while others might be serial (i.e. from one profile to another profile that shares the same level in one regulatory mode but that differs in the other).
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| 16. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Regulatory Mode Profiles and Time Perspectives
- 2016
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Ingår i: 28th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We created self-regulatory profiles to investigate how individuals’ perspective on time dimensions are associated to changes in regulatory mode focus (i.e., assessment and locomotion). The model proposed here illustrated the complexity of a dynamic system of self-regulation in which the same antecedents can lead to different outcomes (i.e., multi-finality).
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| 17. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Synergetic Effects of Anthropedia’s Well-Being Coaching and Mind-Body Interventions on Refugees’ Health
- 2020
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Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We evaluated the effects of Anthropedia’s Well-Being Coaching and Mind-Body interventions (i.e., modern version of age-old Spa interventions) on health among a sample of refugees living in Sweden. While each intervention increased well-being and reduced ill-being respectively, the combination had a wider biopsychosocial effect on health.
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| 18. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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The “Cold Case” of Individual Differences in Organizational Psychology: Learning Climate and Organizational Commitment Among Police Personnel
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Affective Profiles Model - 20 Years of Research and Beyond. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 269-285, s. 269-285
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Individuals’ perception of their work climate is expected to strongly influence personnel’s organizational commitment. However, the evidence about the association between organizational commitment and important outcomes, such as performance at work and turnover, is mixed. If this was not enough, little attention has been paid to how individual differences in basic personality (e.g., individual’s affective profiles) moderate this relationship. In this context, police organizations have unique obstacles in terms of work climate and when striving to make their personnel genuinely committed to the organization. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the association between learning work climate and organizational commitment among police personnel using the affective profiles model as the framework of our study. Method: Swedish police personnel (N = 353) answered an online survey comprising the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, the Learning Climate Questionnaire, and the Three Commitment Scales. We calculated percentiles in positive and negative affect to cluster participants in four affective profiles with high/low positive affect (PA/pa) and high/low negative affect (NA/na): self-fulfilling (PAna), low affective (pana), high affective (PANA), and self-destructive (paNA). Besides correlation analyses and comparisons between police personnel with diametrical opposite profiles (i.e., PAna vs paNA and PANA vs. pana), we focused on within-individual comparisons between police personnel who differed in one affect dimension and matched in the other (i.e., PANA vs. paNA; PAna vs. pana; PAna vs PANA; and paNA vs. pana). Results: The main analyses showed that personnel with a self-fulfilling profile scored higher on almost all learning climate dimensions and affective and normative commitment and lower in continuance commitment. However, while high negative affect was clearly associated with low levels in all learning climate dimensions, some of these dimensions and the commitment dimensions were associated to high positive affect only when negative affect was low. As expected, when considering individual differences, the relationship between work climate and commitment was complex. For instance, affective commitment was predicted by perceiving opportunities to develop for police personnel with either a self-destructive or a self-fulfilling profile but by good management relationships and style for those with a low affective profile. Conclusions: At the general level, to be able to know which specific work climate factors will lead to an adaptive organizational commitment, police organizations and leaders need to be aware of employees’ personality. At the practical level, the promotion of positive affect and the reduction of negative affect at work and life in general might help organizations to increase police personnel’s sense of a good learning climate and their willingness to stay in the organization because they identify with the organization at an emotional, a psychological, and a social level.
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| 19. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Version of the Regulatory Mode Questionnaire
- 2017
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 14:October 2017, s. 251-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The data include responses to the Swedish version of a questionnaire used to operationalize self-regulation or regulatory mode: assessment and locomotion. The data was collected among 567 Swedish high school and university students (see D. Garcia, E. Lindskär [1]). In this article, we include the Swedish version of the Regulatory Mode Questionnaire. The data is available, SPSS file, as supplementary material in this article.
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| 20. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Thinking Outside the Box About Indicators of Well-Being: Agency, Communion, and Positivity
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Happiness and Development. - 2049-2790. ; 2:2, s. 182-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flourishing encompasses both feeling good and doing good and is suggested to be a function of high positivity. The present study investigated the relationship between agentic (e.g., being autonomous, responsible, and having self-control) and communal (e.g., showing empathy, helping behavior, and social tolerance) traits to positivity. Positivity was measured as either a two-dimensional construct comprising positive and negative affect, as positivity ratios (i.e., positive affect/negative affect), and as affect balance (i.e., positive affect-negative affect). The results suggest that agency and communion predict high levels of positivity and that positivity as a two-dimensional construct might be a more straightforward and theoretically sound way of measuring positivity. Agency, communion, and positivity, however, show evidence of being separate indicators of well-being. Further empirical work should answer the question whether agency and communion (i.e., doing good) and positivity (i.e., feeling good) could be used as an index of a nation success.
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| 21. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Time Perspective and Well-Being: Swedish Survey Questionnaires and Data
- 2016
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 9, s. 183-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The data pertains 448 Swedes’ responses to questionnaires on time perspective (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory), temporal life satisfaction (Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale), affect (Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule), and psychological well-being (Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being—short version). The data was collected among university students and individuals at a training facility (see [1]). Since there were no differences in any of the other background variables, but exercise frequency, all subsequent analyses were conducted on the 448 participants as one single sample. In this article we include the Swedish versions of the questionnaires used to operationalize the time perspective and well-being variables. The data is available, SPSS file, as supplementary material in this article. We used the Expectation-Maximization Algorithm to input missing values. Little’s Chi-Square test for Missing Completely at Random showed a χ2 = 67.25 (df = 53, p = .09) for men and χ2 = 77.65 (df = 72, p = .31) for women. These values suggested that the Expectation-Maximization Algorithm was suitable to use on this data for missing data imputation.
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| 22. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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To schedule or not to schedule? Agentic and cooperative teams at call centers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 5:Article 999
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this opinion article, we propose the concept of self-managing teams (Hackman, 1987, 1990) as an alternative work design for call centers. As is common for work teams, the structure and pur- pose of a self-managing team is decided by others (e.g., customers, leaders), however, self-managing teams have the authority and accountability for not only executing the task but also monitoring and manag- ing work processes—initiating changes in pace or procedure as needed. It is our opinion that such work design leads to the internalization and/or exploita- tion of agentic and communal values that positively influence workers’ well- being and performance, thus, empowering the individual and the organization. Empowerment implies the capacity for self-awareness and knowledge together with the power and strength to take responsibility (Garcia et al., in review); these attributes are associated with the ability to make the right decisions regard- ing different aspects of one’s and others’ well-being (Garcia et al., in review). Well- being in this context refers to feeling good (i.e., happiness), doing good (i.e., mature and actively virtuous living), physical health (i.e., absence of disease or infir- mity), and prosperity (i.e., success, good fortune, and flourishing), see Cloninger (2004, 2013).
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| 23. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Who is Sleeping Beauty? Quality of sleep and adolescents’ Sleep-Psychophysiological-Emotional-Personality Profile
- 2018
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Ingår i: Biquarterly Iranian Journal of Health Psychology. - 2588-4204. ; 2:1, s. 9-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: We investigated gender differences among adolescents in quality of sleep, psychophysiological problems, dream frequency, emotional states, and personality traits and also if the effect of quality of sleep on psychophysiological problems, dream frequency, emotional states, and personality traits was moderated by gender. Method: High school pupils (n1 = 155, n2 = 142, and n3 = 325) responded to the Uppsala Sleep Inventory, the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, Beck’s Depression Inventory, the Type A-Personality Scale, and the Temperament and Character Inventory. Gender differences were investigated using Multivariate Analyses of Variance and moderation using multi-group Structural Equation Modeling. Results: Girls scored higher in major sleep problems, difficulties falling asleep, night awakenings, psychophysiological problems, dream frequency, negative affect, depression, stress, and Type A-personality. Boys scored higher in novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and persistence. Girls’ quality of sleep was related to their psychophysiological problems, dream frequency, positive affect, negative affect, stress, novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence, and self-directedness. Boys’ quality of sleep was related to their psychophysiological problems, negative affect, stress, Type A-personality, novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and self-directedness. Conclusion: Girls showed the unhealthiest sleep-psychophysiological-emotional-personality profile. For both genders, good quality of sleep or “beauty sleep” might result in less psychophysiological problems, less negative affect, less stress, less novelty seeking, and less self-directedness. However, for boys, “sleeping beauty” comprises less Type A-behaviour, less harm avoidance, and more reward dependence; while for girls “sleeping beauty” comprises less frequency of vivid dreams, more positive affect, less reward dependence, and more persistent behaviour.
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| 24. |
- Granjard, Alexandre, et al.
(författare)
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Personality Among Swedish Long-Term Unemployed
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As expected, compared to the normal population, the unemployed population scored one standard deviation higher in Harm Avoidance and lower in Self-directedness. Additionally, the analyses of personality profiles showed that 84.70% were high in Harm Avoidance, 65.30% low in Self-directedness, 38.30% low in Cooperativeness, and 49.50% low in Self- transcendence.
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| 25. |
- Granjard, Alexandre, et al.
(författare)
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Personality Profiles in a Sample of Swedish Long-Term Unemployed
- 2019
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Person Centered Medicine. - : University of Buckingham Press. - 2043-7730 .- 2043-7749. ; 9:4, s. 17-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Long-term unemployment is associated with psychiatric problems, higher risk of suicide, low levels of well-being, and high levels of burnout. In this context, among other factors such as sociodemographic status and IQ, specific personality traits are important for individuals’ chances to finding a job, getting hired, and retaining that job, as well as for coping with the mental health risks related to long-term unemployment. Thus, in order to use person-centered methods to promote public health and sustainable employment during the current and future challenges of the 21st century, an important research area is the mapping and understanding of personality profiles of individuals who are unemployed. Objectives: We mapped the personality traits and profiles in a sample of Swedish long-term unemployed (i.e., ≥ 6 months without work) in relation to a control group from the Swedish general population. Method: 245 long-term unemployed individuals (136 men and 157 women, range 18 to 60 years; M = 25.7; SD = 9.6) were recruited at the beginning of different well-being and employment projects in Blekinge, Sweden. The participants reported gender, age, and other basic demographics, as well as their personality using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). We calculated the T-scores and percentiles for the personality traits using the Swedish normative data (N = 1,948) and clustered participants in different temperament (high/low novelty seeking: N/n, high/low harm avoidance: H/h, high/low reward dependence: R/r) and character profiles (high/low self-directedness: S/s, high/low cooperativeness: C/c, high/low self-transcendence: T/t). Results: Compared to the general population, the long-term unemployed were extremely higher in harm avoidance (> 1.5 standard deviation), moderately lower in persistence (> 0.5 standard deviation), extremely lower in self-directedness (> 2 standard deviations), and moderately lower in novelty seeking (> 0.5 standard deviation). That is, consistent with past research, our study shows that the personality of long-term unemployed is denoted by being pessimistic, fearful, easily fatigable, underachieving, blaming, helpless, and unfulfilled (i.e., high harm avoidance, low persistence, and low self-directedness), but also by being reserved and rigid (i.e., low novelty seeking). Furthermore, within the unemployed population, as much as 71.60% reported a methodical (nHr) or cautious profile (nHR), and as much as 64.00% reported an apathetic (sct) or a disorganized profile (scT). Moreover, the profile analyses allowed us to show that, within this unemployed population and in relation to each individual’s own profile, about 91.70% were high in harm avoidance, 98.60% were low in self-directedness, 64.00% were low in cooperativeness, and 44.40% low in self-transcendence. Conclusions: These results indicate a high predictive value by the TCI, especially regarding the specific basic health-related traits or abilities (i.e., self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence) needed to cope with the risks related to unemployment. Specifically, long-term unemployed populations have temperament profiles that present difficulties for them to adapt to the circumstances of unemployment, but also finding, getting, and retaining a job and character profiles that diminish their possibilities to self-regulate the emotions derived from their temperament through self-directed choices that improve their health and all aspects of their lives. Hence, evidence-based interventions targeting stress reduction and the development of health-related traits or abilities (i.e., self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence) are urgently needed.
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| 26. |
- Granjard, Alexandre, et al.
(författare)
-
Resilience Profiles Among Swedish Long-Term Unemployed
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A Resilient profile is low in Harm Avoidance (i.e., relaxed, confident, and optimistic) and high in Persistence (i.e., industrious, perseverant, and hard-working) and Self-Directedness (i.e., responsible, reliable, self-acceptant, goal- oriented, and resourceful). We found that, compared to the general population, only 1% of Swedish long-term unemployed had a resilient profile.
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| 27. |
- Guerra, Matheus, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a 10-Week Physical Activity Program on Asylum Seekers’ Physiological Health
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We evaluated the effect of a 10-week training program on physiological health among a sample of 465 asylum seekers in Sweden, most of them from Syria. We found increases on the overall maximum aerobic fitness along with body composition (e.g., skeletal muscle mass) and a decrease in body fat.
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| 28. |
- Jedel, Izabella, 1996, et al.
(författare)
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Natural Language Processing Analyses of Creative Utterances of Person-Centered Care
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 30th APS Annual Convention, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We used natural language processing to test an improved priming paradigm (fixed vs. growth creative mindset) and to analyze personality's relationship to person-centered care utterances among individuals who were randomly assigned to each condition. Condition predicted the freely generated words within the paradigm and Reward Dependence the person-centered care utterances.
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| 29. |
- Jimmefors, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Self-regulation Dimensions and Psychological Well-Being as a Function of Affective Profiles
- 2015
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Ingår i: 27th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. New York, New York, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We studied differences in self-regulatory mode between individuals and its relation to psychological well-being. The backdrop of the study was the affective profiles model. The influence of psychological well-being on self- regulatory dimensions was moderated by the individual’s affective profile.
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| 30. |
- Lindskär, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Affective Profiles’ Motivation to Exercise, Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise, and Propensity to Exercise During a Six-Month Period
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 4th World Congress on Positive Psychology. Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Conceptualizing affect as a two system model leads to four profiles: self-fulfilling (high positive affect, low negative affect); high affective (high positive affect, high negative affect); low affective (low positive affect, low negative affect); and self-destructive (low positive affect, high negative affect). Using this model as the framework, we investigated 158 individuals’ training frequency for six months back in time (electronically measured) and its relation to motivation (Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire 2) and basic psychological needs (Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale). Training frequency was not significantly different between profiles. The self-destructive profile’s training motivation was regulated by cohesions from the environment (e.g., “I train because other people say I should”) and both guiltiness (e.g., “I feel guilty when I don’t exercise”) and ability to manage the training program (i.e., competence) predicted their exercise frequency during the six months. The self-fulfilling profile scored higher in all basic psychological needs: autonomy (i.e., feeling training was their own choice), competence (i.e., being able to manage the training program), and relatedness (i.e., feeling comfortable with other people at the gym). Nevertheless, feeling social relatedness at the gym was associated to less frequent exercise for individuals with a high affective profile.
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| 31. |
- Lindskär, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Agency (Self-directedness), Communion (Cooperativeness), and the Positivity Ratio (Empowerment)
- 2014
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Ingår i: 26th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. San Francisco, California, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: On basis of the Broaden-and-Build Theory (Fredrickson, 1998), which posits that the function of positive emotions is to build an individual’s resources for survival and well-being, Barbara Fredrickson developed the notion of a positivity ratio (Fredrickson & Losada, 2005). “Flourishing”, which according to Fredrickson goes beyond being happy in that it encompasses both feeling good and doing good, is suggested to be a function of high positivity ratios—a higher rate of positive emotions in comparison to negative emotions (see also Cloninger 2014, 2013). The mathematical basis of a potential flourishing-nonflourishing positivity ratio tipping point has recently been criticized (Brown, Sokal & Friedman, 2013). Nevertheless, Fredrickson has argued that even when the mathematics behind a “magical” precise ratio seem unfounded, higher positivity ratios are predictive of flourishing mental health and other beneficial outcomes (Fredrickson, 2013). The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between positivity ratios and agency (e.g., being autonomous, responsible, and having self-control) and communion (e.g., showing empathy, helping behavior, and social tolerance). Method: A total of 439 adolescents (age mean = 17.03, sd = 2.77) participated in the study. Agency and communion were operationalized using the Temperament and Character Inventory (i.e., the character scales Self-directedness and Cooperativeness; Cloninger, Svrakic & Przybeck, 1993) and affect was assessed through the Positive Affect, Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988). The Self-directedness and Cooperativeness scores were summarized to form a well-being measure (a composite of agency and communion) and then standardized by transforming the raw scores into T-scores, which implies that the mean of the population is 50 and a difference of 10 from the mean indicates a difference of one standard deviation. With regard to the Self-directedness+Cooperativeness composite, 2 standard deviations below the mean (T-score = 30) are suggested as a measure of immaturity (Cloninger, 2004). The positivity ratio was simply calculated by dividing the positive affect score by the negative affect score. Results: Regression analysis showed that the Self-directedness+Cooperativeness composite predicted high scores of positive affect (b = .25, t(428) = 5.34, p <.001), low scores of negative affect (b = -.25, t(428) = -5.35, p <.001), and high positivity ratios (b = .31, t(428) = 6.65, p <.001). Conclusions: We suggest that agency (Self-directedness) and communion (Cooperativeness) present meta-cognitive principles that we, humans, utilize to guide our behavior towards the self and others, to make exceptional alternatives as indicators of well-being and what actually makes life worthwhile and, in addition to flourishing, to the empowerment of the individual with endowment of high positivity ratios.
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| 32. |
- Lindskär, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Health, Well-Being, and Ill-Being among Swedish Long-Term Unemployed
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Study 1, 34% of Swedish long-term unemployed self-reported health levels in the lowest 15% of the normal population. In Study 2, compared to the normal population, Swedish long-term unemployed scored lower/higher in well-being/ill-being (e.g., 60% had anxiety scores above levels that might need psychiatric care).
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| 33. |
- Lindskär, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical Activity Intervention for Newcomers
- 2018
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Ingår i: 30th APS Annual Convention, San Francisco, CA, USA.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a 10-week training program among a small sample of newcomers, mostly originally from Syria. The preliminary results suggest that physical activity increased the sense of meaning and connectedness to society among this sample of newcomers, especially among women.
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| 34. |
- Lindskär, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
The Effect of Physical Exercise Interventions on Character among Asylum Seekers in Sweden
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 9th European Conference on Positive Psychology. Budapest, Hungary.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: During 2015, 162,877 people sought asylum in Sweden [1]. The asylum period, which in some cases may last for several years, may impair the physical, mental and social health of individuals, most likely because this period may lead to inactivity; which might increase the effects of trauma or other mental health problems. In this context, physical inactivity is now identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality [2]. For instance, the National Board of Health and Welfare in Sweden [3] estimates that 20-30% of the asylum seekers and refugees suffer from mental illness. A comprehensive meta-analysis from 2015 shows that physical activity is an intervention associated with significant improvements in mental health [4]. Further, results from cross-sectional studies as well as a literature review show that physical activity is associated with better health and that physical activity may reduce the risk of non-communicable disease and premature death [2]. Despite of all these evidence, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies investigating the effects of training programs on refugee or newcomer populations. Aim: Our aim was to evaluate the effect on mental health of a 10-week training program among a small sample of newcomers, mostly originally from Syria. Method: Participants (33 men, 18 women) answered to the Short Character Inventory [5] and the Satisfaction with Life Scale [6] at the start and at the end of the 10-week training program. Results: Self-directedness, Cooperativeness, and Life Satisfaction had neither increased nor decreased after the physical intervention. Self-transcendence, however, had significantly increased after the intervention (F (1,50) = 7.04, p <.05, partial ƞ2 = 0.12, observed power = 0.74). Worth noticing is that this effect was larger among the women who participated in the intervention. Conclusions: Character is defined as individual differences in values, goals and self-conscious emotions and the ability to adapt and self-regulation. Self-transcendence (i.e., the identification with something bigger than oneself, such as, god, nature, all humanity) [7] was the character dimension that increased the most after the intervention, especially among the female newcomers. In other words, the intervention did not have a negative impact on the mental health of the individuals and, although relatively weak, the effect on Self-transcendence is probably of importance in the participants’ lives. Clinical practice shows that there are three different ways that lead to a downward spiral of mental health [8]. One of them is the decrease in or underdevelopment of Self-transcendence, because low Self-transcendence means that the individual feels disconnected from his environment, impatient, judgmental and sees the world without meaning, which means loss of trust. When we catastrophize, or become impatient and judgmental, we are absorbed in struggling with problems and obstacles that we have no control over, as in post-traumatic stress syndrome [7]. Hence, these preliminary results suggest that physical activity increased the sense of meaning and connectedness to society among this sample of newcomers.
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| 35. |
- Mihailovic, Marko, et al.
(författare)
-
The personality of newly graduated and employed nurses : Temperament and character profiles of Swedish nurses
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-142X. ; 4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: One of the challenges of the 21st century is the high turnover rate in the nursing profession due to burnout and mental illness. From a biopsychosocial perspective, an individual's personality is an important vulnerability-resilience factor that comprises four temperament traits (i.e., a person's emotional reactions) and three character traits (i.e., self-regulation systems). Indeed, different personality profiles are associated to different coping strategies and health outcomes. Objective: We investigated and mapped the temperament and character of Swedish newly graduated and employed nurses’ in relation to the Swedish general population and an age-matched sub-sample. Design: In this cross-sectional study, nurses self-reported their personality (Temperament and Character Inventory) at the beginning of their employment. Setting: The data collection was conducted at a hospital in the South of Sweden. Participants: A total of 118 newly graduated and employed nurses (Mage = 25.95±5.58) and 1,564 individuals from the Swedish general population participated in the study. Methods: We calculated T-scores and percentiles for all seven personality dimensions using the Swedish norms (N = 1,564). The profiles were calculated by combining high/low percentiles scores in three temperament dimensions (Novelty Seeking: N/n, Harm Avoidance: H/h, and Reward Dependence: R/r) and in the three character dimensions (Self-Directedness: S/s, Cooperativeness: C/c and Self-Transcendence: T/t). Results: Regarding T-scores, the nurses reported moderately lower Novelty Seeking (> 0.5 SD), slightly higher Harm-Avoidance (about 0.5 SD), moderately higher Persistence (> 0.5 SD) and Reward Dependence (> 0.5 SD), and extremely lower Self-Directedness (> 1 SD). The prevalence of the most common temperament profiles among the nurses (Swedish general population in brackets) were: 39.80% [10.90%] Cautious (nHR), 21.20% [10.90] Reliable (nhR), and 15.30% [16.50%] Methodical (nHr). The prevalence of the most common character profiles among the nurses were: 31.40% [4.90%] Dependent (sCt), 25.40% [14.40%] Apathetic (sct), and 19.50% [8.80%] Moody (sCT). Conclusions: The analyses of the personality profiles showed that High Novelty Seeking (79%), high Harm Avoidance (65%) high Reward Dependence (80%), low Self-Directedness (95%), and low Self-Transcendence (60%) were more prevalent among the newly graduated and employed nurses. This may partially explain newly graduated nurses’ difficulties at work and high turnover rate. After all, a well-developed character is of special importance when working with patients with serious and terminal illness or under large global crises, such as the current pandemic. Hence, both education at universities and development at work need to be person-centered to reduce stress levels and promote positive self-regulation strategies.
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| 36. |
- Mihailovic, Marko, et al.
(författare)
-
The Prevalence of Resilience Profiles (Harm Avoidance, Persistence, and Self-directedness) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- About 26% of the Swedish population has a resilient personality profile: low Harm Avoidance (i.e., relaxed, confident, and optimistic), high Persistence (i.e., industrious, perseverant, and hard-working), and high Self-Directedness (i.e., responsible, reliable, self-acceptant, goal-oriented, and resourceful). However, only 4.70% of newly graduated nurses had this specific personality profile.
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| 37. |
- Mousavi, Fariba, et al.
(författare)
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The Dark Side (Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy) of The Affective Profiles
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 27th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. New York, New York, USA.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We studied differences in Dark Triad traits among affective profiles. The high positive affect/high negative affect profile scored higher in Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy. Also those with a low positive affect/ high negative affect profile scored higher in Dark Triad traits.
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| 38. |
- Nima, Ali Al, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical Activity for Refugees in Sweden: Effects on Biophysiological Measures
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 30th APS Annual Convention. San Francisco, CA, USA: 27-27 May 2018.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a 10-week training program on biophysiological measures among a sample of refugees in Sweden, mostly from Syria. The analyses suggested that physical activity increased the overall maximum aerobic fitness together with body composition (e.g., skeletal muscle mass), whereas body fat decreased.
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| 39. |
- Rapp-Ricciardi, Max, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
A Pilot Study on Character (Self-directedness, Cooperativeness, and Self-transcendence) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Character or an individual’s relation to the self (Self-Directedness) and others (Cooperativeness) and her participation in the world as a whole (Self-Transcendence) are important ingredients for well-being. Here we found that, compared to the general population, about 73% of Swedish newly graduated nurses were low in both Self-Directedness and Self-Transcendence.
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| 40. |
- Schϋtz, Erica, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Character and Subjective Well-Being among Swedish Priests
- 2018
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Ingår i: 9th European Conference on Positive Psychology. Budapest, Hungary.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Helping professionals have a working environment characterized by time pressure, unexpected challenges, and emotional issues [1]. According to statistics from The Swedish Social Insurance Agency, priests run a greater risk of being ill and burning out, which might impede their care for others due to stress and mental fatigue. Previous research by Cloninger and colleagues [2-4] indicates that character maturity (i.e., high self-directedness, high cooperativeness and high self-transcendence) contributes to both resilience and well-being, because these aspects influence human experiences in different life domains, in turn, facilitating the basis and extent of positive human development (see also [5]). Aim: Our aim was to first compare Swedish priests to the general population, with regard to character traits, and then to investigate the relationship between character and both resilience and subjective well-being within the priest population. Method: 515 Swedish priests (267 females, 246 males, 2 unreported) self-reported personality (Temperament and Character Inventory), resilience (Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale), and subjective well-being (Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, and Harmony in Life scale). Character traits Percentiles were computed using the Swedish norms. The relationship between priests’ character and self-reported resilience and well-being was investigated by first clustering priests according to all possible combinations of high (self-directedness: S, cooperativeness: C and self-transcendence: T) and low (self-directedness: s, cooperativeness: c and self-transcendence: t) scores in the character traits, which generated eight different profiles. Secondly, we conducted paired t-tests to compare resilience and well-being between profiles that differed in one character trait, while controlling for the other two. Results: As a group, the priests had a character profile high-average in self-directedness (percentile = 62.3), high in cooperativeness (percentile = 75.5) and very high in self-transcendence (percentile = 88.4). However, there was substantial variation in character profiles within the priest population (e.g., 21% SCT “creative”, 19.2% sct downcast, 11.5% Sct “authoritarian”, 10.3% SCt “organized”, and 9.3% ScT “absolutist”). Moreover, independent of any combination, self-directedness had a direct positive relationship to resilience and all well-being measures. Nevertheless, both cooperativeness and self-transcendence were related to resilience and well-being in certain conditions, but not in others. For example, cooperativeness was negatively related to negative affect when self-directedness and self-transcendence was high, but positively related to negative affect when both were low. Conclusions: Swedish priests, as a group, seem to have a "creative" character profile, which means they are personally organized and also self-transcendent. The large variation in the group suggests, however, a heterogeneity that might have important implications for their institutional roles, and their needs. In addition, self-directedness, the character trait in which the priests scored the lowest, was the trait of greatest importance for their resilience and well-being. Finally, the relationship between cooperativeness and self-transcendence to both resilience and well-being depended on its coherence to the other two character traits.
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| 41. |
- Schϋtz, Erica, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Priests’ Character, Resilience and Subjective Well-Being
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 30th APS Annual Convention. San Francisco, CA, USA: 24-27 May 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish priests, as a group, were high-average in self-directedness, high in cooperativeness, and high in self-transcendence. Self-directedness was associated to resilience and different measures of subjective well-being. Nevertheless, there was a large variation in character profiles that might have important implications for priests’ institutional roles and overall health.
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