| 1. |
- Almqvist, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrasound field characterisation in air using light diffraction tomography
- 2004
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Ingår i: AMUM 2004: Advanced Metrology for Ultrasound in Medicine 2004. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6596 .- 1742-6588. ; 1, s. 150-154
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this work was to show the applicability of light diffraction tomography on airborne ultrasound. Different air-coupled transducers in the frequency range 40 kHz - 2 MHz were measured to show the method's performance. A calibrated microphone and the pulse-echo method were used to evaluate the results. The absolute measurements agreed within the calibrated microphone's uncertainty range. Pulse waveforms and corresponding FFT-diagrams show the method's higher bandwidth compared to the microphone. Further, the method offers non-perturbing measurements with high spatial resolution, which was especially advantageous for measurements close to the transducer surfaces. The S/N-ratio was larger than or in the same range as that of the two comparing methods.
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| 2. |
- Amundin, Mats, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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An echolocation visualization and interface system for dolphin research
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. - : Acoustical Society of America (ASA). - 0001-4966 .- 1520-8524. ; 123:2, s. 1188-1194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study describes the development and testing of a tool for dolphin research. This tool was able to visualize the dolphin echolocation signals as well as function as an acoustically operated "touch screen." The system consisted of a matrix of hydrophones attached to a semitransparent screen, which was lowered in front of an underwater acrylic panel in a dolphin pool. When a dolphin aimed its sonar beam at the screen, the hydrophones measured the received sound pressure levels. These hydrophone signals were then transferred to a computer where they were translated into a video image that corresponds to the dynamic sound pressure variations in the sonar beam and the location of the beam axis. There was a continuous projection of the image back onto the hydrophone matrix screen, giving the dolphin an immediate visual feedback to its sonar output. The system offers a whole new experimental methodology in dolphin research and since it is software-based, many different kinds of scientific questions can be addressed. The results were promising and motivate further development of the system and studies of sonar and cognitive abilities of dolphins. © 2008 Acoustical Society of America.
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| 3. |
- Andiné, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Behandling och bedömning i rättspsykiatrisk vård – En kartläggning av systematiska översikter : SBU Kartlägger • Rapport 264/2017
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Statens beredning för medicinsk och social utvärdering (SBU) har gjort denna kartläggning för att ta reda på inom vilka områden det finns behov av kunskap kring insatser i rättspsykiatrisk vård. Uppdraget kommer från Socialdepartementet som efterlyser ökad kunskap om evidensläget för rättspsykiatrisk vård. Kartläggningen visar att behovet av väl genomförd forskning är stort för behandlingar i rättspsykiatrisk vård. Samtliga domäner som SBU har kartlagt saknar tillförlitligt sammanställd forskning specifikt för personer som vårdas inom rättspsykiatri.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ankerfors, Caroline
(författare)
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Polyelectrolyte complexes : their preparation, adsorption behaviour and effect on paper properties
- 2008
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this work, the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) has been studied using a jet mixing method not previously used for mixing polyelectrolytes. The PECs were formed from two weak polyelectrolytes, i.e., polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH), with different mixing times, and the results were compared with those for PECs formed using the conventional polyelectrolyte titration method. The adsorption behaviour of the formed PECs on silicon oxide substrates and pulp fibres was analysed, and the results were compared with those for polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) prepared from the same two polyelectrolytes. The results indicated that by using the jet mixer, the size of the formed PECs could be controlled, which was not the case with the polyelectrolyte titration method. The PECs produced by jet mixing were also found to be smaller than those produced by polyelectrolyte titration. From these results, a two-step mechanism for the formation of PECs was suggested: initial precomplex formation, which is a fast and diffusion-controlled process, followed by a reconformation process, during which the vigorous mixing in the jet mixer can partially limit secondary aggregation. When the complexes were adsorbed to silicon oxide or pulp fibre surfaces, adsorption studies indicated that it was impossible to reach the same adsorption levels for PECs as for PEMs. This was explained in terms of free energy, entropical, reasons rather than to any geometric limitation of the surface. Despite the smaller amount of polyelectrolyte adsorbed from the PEC treatment than from the PEM treatment of pulp fibres, the PEC treatment had the greatest effect on paper strength per adsorbed amount of polymer. This was thought to be because the three-dimensional structure of the PECs, versus the smoother structure of PEMs, allows for the formation of multiple contact points between the macroscopically rough fibres and increased molecular contact area. In the adsorption experiments, it was also found that net cationic complexes can adsorb to both anionic and cationic substrates. This phenomenon was explained by the occurrence of anionic patches on the surface of the net cationic PECs and the ability of the PECs, formed from weak polyelectrolytes, to partially change charge upon exposure to a surface of the same charge as the complex itself, due to a change of the degree of dissociation of the polyelectrolytes constituting the complex.
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| 6. |
- Bauer, Georg F., et al.
(författare)
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Future directions for the concept of salutogenesis : A position article
- 2020
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Ingår i: Health Promotion International. - : Oxford University Press. - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 35:2, s. 187-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aaron Antonovsky advanced the concept of salutogenesis almost four decades ago (Antonovsky, Health, Stress and Coping. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, 1979; Unravelling the Mystery of Health. Jossey-Bass,San Francisco, CA, 1987). Salutogenesis posits that life experiences shape the sense of coherence (SOC)VC that helps to mobilize resources to cope with stressors and manage tension successfully (determiningone's movement on the health Ease/Dis-ease continuum). Antonovsky considered the three-dimensionalSOC (i.e. comprehensibility, manageability, meaningfulness) as the key answer to his question about theorigin of health. The field of health promotion has adopted the concept of salutogenesis as reflected in theinternational Handbook of Salutogenesis (Mittelmark et al., The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Springer,New York, 2016). However, health promotion mostly builds on the more vague, general salutogenic orientation that implies the need to foster resources and capacities to promote health and wellbeing. Tostrengthen the knowledge base of salutogenesis, the Global Working Group on Salutogenesis (GWG-Sal)of the International Union of Health Promotion and Education produced the Handbook of Salutogenesis.During the creation of the handbook and the regular meetings of the GWG-Sal, the working group identified four key conceptual issues to be advanced: (i) the overall salutogenic model of health; (ii) the SOC concept; (iii) the design of salutogenic interventions and change processes in complex systems; (iv) the application of salutogenesis beyond health sector. For each of these areas, we first highlight Antonovsky'soriginal contribution and then present suggestions for future development. These ideas will help guideGWG-Sal's work to strengthen salutogenesis as a theory base for health promotion.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Chen, Lan, et al.
(författare)
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A modified ionization difference UV-vis method for fast quantitation of guaiacyl-type phenolic hydroxyl groups in lignin
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-8130 .- 1879-0003. ; 201, s. 330-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An ionization difference UV-Vis method (Delta epsilon-spectrum method) is the most potentially simple method for fast quantitation of phenolic hydroxyl groups (ph-OH) in lignin. However, the underestimated results were calculated from the conventional Delta epsilon-spectrum method using one- or two-point wavelengths measurement. In this study, a modified Delta epsilon-spectrum method using multi-point wavelengths measurement was developed and the negative absorbance was also considered. Four main typical lignin models, e.g. vanilla alcohol, 5-5 biphenyl, stilbenoid and vanillin, were applied as the guaiacyl-type (G-type) phenolic models for the determination of ph-OH by the modified Delta epsilon-spectrum method. The 2-methoxyethanol/water/acetic acid = 8/2/0.2 (V/V/V) was used as the acidic solvent system and the 2-methoxyethanol/0.2 M NaOH solution = 1/9 (V/V) was used as the alkaline solvent system. The ph-OH contents in the spruce milled wood lignin (SMWL) and the spruce Kraft lignin (SKL) were respectively quantified by the modified Delta epsilon-spectrum method as 1.078 and 4.348 mmol/g, which were comparable to the counterparts determined by P-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (P-31 NMR). The results revealed that the modified Delta epsilon-spectrum method can provide more accurate and reliable results compared to the conventional method.
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| 9. |
- Elsir, Tamador, et al.
(författare)
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Transcription factor PROX1 : its role in development and cancer.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cancer Metastasis Review. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-7659 .- 1573-7233. ; 31:3-4, s. 793-805
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The homeobox gene PROX1 is critical for organ development during embryogenesis. The Drosophila homologue, known as prospero has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor by controlling asymmetric cell division of neuroblasts. Likewise, alterations in PROX1 expression and function are associated with a number of human cancers including hematological malignancies, carcinomas of the pancreas, liver and the biliary system, sporadic breast cancer, Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, colon cancer, and brain tumors. PROX1 is involved in cancer development and progression and has been ascribed both tumor suppressive and oncogenic properties in a variety of different cancer types. However, the exact mechanisms through which PROX1 regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells are by large unknown. This review provides an update on the role of PROX1 in organ development and on its emerging functions in cancer, with special emphasis on the central nervous system and glial brain tumors.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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A salutogenic interpretation of the Ottawa Charter
- 2008
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Ingår i: Health Promotion International. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 23:2, s. 190-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty years have passed since the philosophy and principals were formulated in the Ottawa Charter for health promotion. A critical reflection of the content and success of the Ottawa Charter was published before the IUHPE World Conference in Vancover in June 2007. This paper contextualizes and discusses Salutogenesis and Antonovsky in the development of health promotion practice and research and, further, relates the salutogenic concept Sense of Coherence (SOC) to the Ottawa Charter. An overview of the development of health promotion and the salutogenic theory of health is presented. In addition, this is illustrated in a new way using the metaphors of ‘health in the river of life’ and ‘SOC in a life course perspective’. Health promotion, including the Ottawa charter, lacks a clear theoretical foundation. The results of a systematic review of salutogenic research are used to demonstrate how the salutogenic framework could support the philosophical and practical intentions of the OC. The salutogenic model contributes to the maintenance and development of health and quality of life (QoL), i.e. the process and outcome of the principles of the OC. The metaphor of the river and the life cycle are new ways of demonstrating the paradigm shift provided by the Salutogenesis and health promotion in relation to public health and medicine. The salutogenic theory is an important contribution to the theory base of health promotion research and practice.
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| 12. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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A salutogenic perspective on mental health across the life time : Cultural aspects on the Sense of Coherence
- 2012
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Ingår i: Exploring Mental Health. - Lengerich : Pabst Science Publishers. - 9783899678109 ; , s. 142-160
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The focus of this section is on mental health in a life course perspective and cultural aspects on the Sense of Coherence. According to Aaron Antonovsky the key concept, the Sense of Coherence (SOC),was considered as a universal construct measuring a global life orientation, away of viewing the life as comprehensible, manageable and meaningful. The conclusions drawn in this section is based on an extensive systematic research synthesis of papers on salutogenesis covering the time span 1992-2003 and published in 2007, completed with an ongoing work of additional papers up to 2010. The cultural aspects of the SOC are reflectedby using ethnic minorities as examples of groups affected by acculturative stress? The distribution of the SOC questionnaire is described? The results showed that a strong SOC is related to good perceived mental health and well-being independent of age. Further, the SOC questionnaire has to date beenused in different countries on various languages all over the World, not onlyin Western countries. The proposed universal property of the SOC is questioned. The SOC seems to be influenced by culture. Further research is needed to get adeeper understanding how the SOC operates in different cultural contexts.
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| 13. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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A sense of coherence and health. The Salutogenesis in a societal context : Åland - a special case?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 61:8, s. 684-688
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Antonovsky's salutogenic concept of a sense of coherence (SOC) has proved most influential in the way that health is now perceived.Aim:To (1) describe the distribution of SOC among 40–70-year-old Ålanders; (2) examine the distribution of depression in Åland, Finland, and its relationship with SOC; and (3) discuss the findings within a salutogenic framework in a societal context.Design:A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Antonovsky's SOC Questionnaire (13 items) and the Beck Depression Inventory (13 items) were used. In addition, in a separate questionnaire, sociodemographic information about each participant was sought, together with a question specific to this study and designed to measure self-rated health.Setting:Åland, an autonomous island province of Finland.Results:The proportion of respondents reporting good health was high (64%). The overall mean (SD) SOC was 70.7 (11.7) points, whereas for farmers and fishermen it was 73.88 (8.8) and 74.33 (9.2) points, respectively. SOC was significantly and strongly related to the self-rated health score. The higher the SOC, the better was the health of the respondents. Furthermore, the study provided clear evidence of the potential of the SOC concept as a positive mental health indicator.Conclusion:The SOC seems to be a health-promoting resource that supports the development of a positive subjective state of health.
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| 14. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Scale and It's Relation with Quality of Life : A systematic review
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 61:11, s. 938-944
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to synthesise findings on the salutogenic concept, sense of coherence (SOC), and its correlation with quality of life (QoL). This study is descriptive and analytic, with a systematic integration of the contemporary knowledge base on the salutogenic research published in 1992–2003. This review includes 458 scientific publications and 13 doctoral theses on salutogenesis. In all, 32 papers had the main objective of investigating the relationship between SOC and QoL. This study is based on scientific publications in eight authorised databases, doctoral theses and available books. The SOC seems to have an impact on the QoL; the stronger the SOC, the better the QoL. Furthermore, longitudinal studies confirm the predictive validity of the SOC for a good QoL. The findings correspond to the core of the Ottawa Charter—that is, the process of enabling people to live a good life. Therefore, a certain possibility to modify and extend the health construct is becoming discernible, implicating a construct including salutogenesis and QoL. The SOC concept is a health resource, influencing QoL.
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| 15. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale and the relation with health: a systematic review
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 60:5, s. 376-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study objectiveThe aim of this paper is to synthesise empirical findings on the salutogenic concept sense of coherence (SOC) and examine its capacity to explain health and its dimensions.DesignThe study is descriptive and analytical with a systematic integration of the contemporary knowledge base on the salutogenic research published 1992–2003. The review includes 458 scientific publications and 13 doctoral theses.SettingWorldwide, based on postgraduate scientific publications in eight authorised databases, doctoral theses, and available books.Main resultsSOC is strongly related to perceived health, especially mental health. The stronger the SOC the better the perceived health in general, at least for those with an initial high SOC. This relation is manifested in study populations regardless of age, sex, ethnicity, nationality, and study design. SOC seems to have a main, moderating or mediating role in the explanation of health. Furthermore, the SOC seems to be able to predict health. SOC is an important contributor for the development and maintenance of people's health but does not alone explain the overall health.ConclusionSOC seems to be a health promoting resource, which strengthens resilience and develops a positive subjective state of health. Salutogenesis is a valuable approach for health promotion and would be worth to implement in practice much more than to date.Keywords: Antonovsky, salutogenesis, sense of coherence, health promotionThis paper continues to review, analyse, and synthesise the evidence base of research on the sense of coherence (SOC) concept in the light of 25 years of research undertaken by the authors.1,2,3,4 The main purpose is to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the SOC concept from research between 1992–2003. This is a relevant contribution to health promotion and public health research. It is necessary to get deeper knowledge about the interaction between SOC and socioeconomic characteristics like age, sex, social class, and how SOC might be related to physical and mental health. Are there any relations and does the SOC have an impact on health at all?
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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From health education to healthy learning : Implementing salutogenesis in educational science
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 39:Suppl 6, s. 85-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim is to scrutinise the concept of health education (HE) and to broaden the concept of health literacy (HL) towardsa lifelong healthy learning concept. HL is a broader concept than HE. This paper dissects both the health and the education concepts, and puts them into the value system of health promotion (HP) of the Ottawa Charter (OC) using the core principles and values of HP, HL, and action competence (AC) in the light of the salutogenesis (SAL). Conceptually the salutogenic model focuses on the direction towards the healthy end of the health continuum. The salutogenic theory, based on resources and comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness, can be integrated into a learning model. People are seen as active and participating subjects shaping their lives through their AC. Method:a combination of an analysis of the values andintentions of health promotion according to the OC combined with the existing evidence on the salutogenic approach to health, stemming from a systematic research synthesis 1992–2003 and an ongoing analysis 2004–2009 by the authors. In addition, the views from a discussion with the participants of a session in the NHPR Conference 2009 are integrated. Results: The similarities and differences between the salutogenesis, theOCand healthy learning were shown in a graph. Integrating the salutogenesis in educational sciences further expands the concepts of HE and HL into healthy learning. Conclusions: Theresults of the discussions will further develop and strengthen the concept of healthy learning. Abstract Aim: The aim is to scrutinise the concept of health education (HE) and to broaden the concept of health literacy (HL) towards a lifelong healthy learning concept. HL is a broader concept than HE. This paper dissects both the health and the education concepts, and puts them into the value system of health promotion (HP) of the Ottawa Charter (OC) using the core principles and values of HP, HL, and action competence (AC) in the light of the salutogenesis (SAL). Conceptually the salutogenic model focuses on the direction towards the healthy end of the health continuum. The salutogenic theory, based on resources and comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness, can be integrated into a learning model. People are seen as active and participating subjects shaping their lives through their AC. Method: a combination of an analysis of the values and intentions of health promotion according to the OC combined with the existing evidence on the salutogenic approach to health, stemming from a systematic research synthesis 1992–2003 and an ongoing analysis 2004–2009 by the authors. In addition, the views from a discussion with the participants of a session in the NHPR Conference 2009 are integrated. Results: The similarities and differences between the salutogenesis, theOCand healthy learning were shown in a graph. Integrating the salutogenesis in educational sciences further expands the concepts of HE and HL into healthy learning. Conclusions : The results of the discussions will further develop and strengthen the concept of healthy learning.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Salutogenesis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 59:6, s. 440-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The editor of the journal has taken the initiative to develop glossaries on central concepts in health promotion. The aim of this paper is to explain and clarify the key concepts of the salutogenic theory sense of coherence coined by Aaron Antonovsky. The explanations and interpretations are the result of an analysis of the scientific evidence base of the first 25 years of salutogenic research, described and discussed in an ongoing project on a systematic review by the above authors. The contemporary evidence shows the salutogenic approach could have a more central position in public health and health promotion research and practice. Furthermore, it could contribute to the solution of some of the most urgent public health problems of our time such as the question of mental health promotion. Finally, it could create a solid theoretical framework for health promotion.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Eriksson, Monica, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Validity of Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale: a systematic review
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 59:6, s. 460-466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study objective: The aim of this paper is to systematically review and analyse the validity and reliability of Antonovsky’s life orientation questionnaire/sense of coherence scale (SOC).Design: The study is descriptive and analytical with a systematic integration of the contemporary knowledge base on the salutogenic research published 1992–2003. The review includes 458 scientific publications and 13 doctoral theses.Setting: Worldwide, based on postgraduate scientific publications in eight authorised databases, doctoral theses, and available books.Main results: The SOC questionnaire has been used in at least 33 languages in 32 countries with at least 15 different versions of the questionnaire. In 124 studies using SOC-29 the Cronbach’s α ranges from 0.70 to 0.95. The α values in 127 studies using SOC-13 range from 0.70 to 0.92, and in 60 studies using a modified SOC scale range from 0.35 to 0.91. Test-retest correlation show stability and range from 0.69 to 0.78 (1 year), 0.64 (3 years), 0.42 to 0.45 (4 years), 0.59 to 0.67 (5 years) to 0.54 (10 years). The means of SOC-29 range 100.50 (SD 28.50) to 164.50 (SD 17.10) points and SOC-13 from 35.39 (SD 0.10) to 77.60 (SD 13.80) points. After 10 years SOC seems to be comparatively stable, but not as stable as Antonovsky initially assumed. SOC tends to increase with age. The factorial structure of SOC seems rather to be multidimensional than unidimensional. SOC predicts a positive outcome in a long term perspective, although there are divergent findings reported. The SOC scale seems to be a reliable, valid, and cross culturally applicable instrument measuring how people manage stressful situations and stay well.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Gröning, Inger, 1945-
(författare)
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Språk, interaktion och lärande i mångfaldens skola
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of an introductory summary and three studies focusing language, interaction, and learning in multilingual schools. The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute to the understanding of student learning in diverse schools. The first study of the thesis examines the field of cooperative learning with the aim of summarizing, in an overview, research that addresses small group activities in heterogeneous classrooms. The overview indicates that this research is dominated by input-output studies. Process-oriented studies of student interaction constitute a smaller part of research within this field.The two subsequent studies were carried out in three multilingual middle school classes in Sweden. The second study concentrates mainly on the second language learners of these classes with the aim of describing language and learning conditions in actual classrooms. A main finding of the study is that second language students fell behind their monolingual Swedish speaking peers in social studies and in other subjects across the curriculum. The study also shows that students form separate groups of Swedes and immigrants inside as well as outside the classroom.The third study investigates small group activities in the above mentioned classes. The aim of the study is to gain insight into students’ joint problem-solving processes and thereby provide a broader understanding of learning as socially and interactionally constituted. The data consists of video recordings of small group conversations from which language-related episodes were identified, transcribed and studied applying conversation analysis methods. The findings show that the students are able to scaffold each other effectively in co-constructing linguistic knowledge through social interaction. At the same time, negotiations of power and status are included in their problem-solving processes.
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| 24. |
- Guo, Min, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of functionally distinct and interacting cancer cell subpopulations from glioblastoma with intratumoral genetic heterogeneity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neuro-Oncology Advances. - : Oxford University Press. - 2632-2498. ; 2:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundGlioblastomas display a high level of intratumoral heterogeneity with regard to both genetic and histological features. Within single tumors, subclones have been shown to communicate with each other to affect overall tumor growth. The aim of this study was to broaden the understanding of interclonal communication in glioblastoma.MethodsWe have used the U-343 model, consisting of U-343 MG, U-343 MGa, U-343 MGa 31L, and U-343 MGa Cl2:6, a set of distinct glioblastoma cell lines that have been derived from the same tumor. We characterized these with regard to temozolomide sensitivity, protein secretome, gene expression, DNA copy number, and cancer cell phenotypic traits. Furthermore, we performed coculture and conditioned media-based experiments to model cell-to-cell signaling in a setting of intratumoral heterogeneity.ResultsTemozolomide treatment of a coculture composed of all 4 U-343 cell lines presents a tumor relapse model where the least sensitive population, U-343 MGa 31L, outlives the others. Interestingly, the U-343 cell lines were shown to have distinct gene expression signatures and phenotypes although they were derived from a single tumor. The DNA copy number analysis revealed both common and unique alterations, indicating the evolutionary relationship between the cells. Moreover, these cells were found to communicate and affect each other’s proliferation, both via contact-dependent and -independent interactions, where NOTCH1, TGFBI, and ADAMTS1 signaling effects were involved, respectively.ConclusionsThese results provide insight into how complex the signaling events may prove to be in a setting of intratumoral heterogeneity in glioblastoma and provide a map for future studies.
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| 25. |
- Guo, Min, et al.
(författare)
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SFRP2 induces a mesenchymal subtype transition by suppression of SOX2 in glioblastoma
- 2021
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Springer Nature. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 40:32, s. 5066-5080
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intratumoral heterogeneity is a characteristic of glioblastomas that contain an intermixture of cell populations displaying different glioblastoma subtype gene expression signatures. Proportions of these populations change during tumor evolution, but the occurrence and regulation of glioblastoma subtype transition is not well described. To identify regulators of glioblastoma subtypes we utilized a combination of in vitro experiments and in silico analyses, using experimentally generated as well as publicly available data. Through this combined approach SOX2 was identified to confer a proneural glioblastoma subtype gene expression signature. SFRP2 was subsequently identified as a SOX2-antagonist, able to induce a mesenchymal glioblastoma subtype signature. A subset of patient glioblastoma samples with high SFRP2 and low SOX2 expression was particularly enriched with mesenchymal subtype samples. Phenotypically, SFRP2 decreased tumor sphere formation, stemness as assessed by limiting dilution assay, and overall cell proliferation but increased cell motility, whereas SOX2 induced the opposite effects. Furthermore, an SFRP2/non-canonical-WNT/KLF4/PDGFR/phospho-AKT/SOX2 signaling axis was found to be involved in the mesenchymal transition. Analysis of human tumor tissue spatial gene expression patterns showed distinct expression of SFRP2- and SOX2-correlated genes in vascular and cellular areas, respectively. Finally, conditioned media from SFRP2 overexpressing cells increased CD206 on macrophages. Together, these findings present SFRP2 as a SOX2-antagonist with the capacity to induce a mesenchymal subtype transition in glioma cells located in vascular tumor areas, highlighting its role in glioblastoma tumor evolution and intratumoral heterogeneity.
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| 26. |
- Haapamäki, Markku M, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Low-volume bowel preparation is inferior to standard 4 l polyethylene glycol
- 2010
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Ingår i: Surgical Endoscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-2794 .- 1432-2218. ; 25:3, s. 897-901
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Four liters or more of orally taken polyethylene glycol solution (PEG) has proved to be an effective large-bowel cleansing method prior to colonoscopy. The problem has been the large volume of fluid and its taste, which is unacceptable to some examinees. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of 2 l PEG combined with senna compared with 4 l PEG for bowel preparation. METHODS: The design was a single-center, prospective, randomized, investigator-blinded study with parallel assignment, in the setting of the Endoscopy Unit of Umeå University Hospital. Outpatients (n = 490) scheduled for colonoscopy were enrolled. The standard-volume arm received 4 l PEG, and the low-volume arm received 36 mg senna glycosides in tablets and 2 l PEG. The cleansing result (primary endpoint) was assessed by the endoscopist using the Ottawa score. The patients rated the subjective grade of ease of taking the bowel preparation. Analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: There were significantly more cases with poor or inadequate bowel cleansing after the low-volume alternative with senna and 2 l PEG (22/203) compared with after 4 l PEG (8/196, p = 0.027). The low-volume alternative was better tolerated by the examinees: 119/231 rated the treatment as easy to take compared with 88/238 in the 4 l PEG arm (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: 4 l PEG treatment is better than 36 mg senna and 2 l PEG as routine colonic cleansing before colonoscopy because of fewer failures.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Jansson, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrasound Doppler Vector Tomography - Measurements of Directional Blood Flow
- 1997
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Ingår i: Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. - 0301-5629. ; 23:1, s. 47-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An experimental system has been developed to verify the possibility of detecting flow activity using a technique called ultrasound Doppler vector tomography. A tomography algorithm is used to reconstruct blood flow vector fields using data from computer-controlled ultrasound continuous-wave Doppler scanning equipment. The result is a picture in which the brightness variations represent the reconstructed values of the curl of the velocity field (del x v). Continuous ultrasound is transmitted into a region with flow activity and the Doppler-shifted signals are received. To obtain measurement data suited for fan beam tomography, the scanning is performed in a plane from points encircling the region. Reconstructions have been achieved using measurement data from two different flow phantoms. A comparison between the experimental results and simulations shows good conformity. Copyright (C) 1997 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.
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| 29. |
- Johnson, Randi K., et al.
(författare)
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Metabolite-related dietary patterns and the development of islet autoimmunity
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of diet in type 1 diabetes development is poorly understood. Metabolites, which reflect dietary response, may help elucidate this role. We explored metabolomics and lipidomics differences between 352 cases of islet autoimmunity (IA) and controls in the TEDDY (The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young) study. We created dietary patterns reflecting pre-IA metabolite differences between groups and examined their association with IA. Secondary outcomes included IA cases positive for multiple autoantibodies (mAb+). The association of 853 plasma metabolites with outcomes was tested at seroconversion to IA, just prior to seroconversion, and during infancy. Key compounds in enriched metabolite sets were used to create dietary patterns reflecting metabolite composition, which were then tested for association with outcomes in the nested case-control subset and the full TEDDY cohort. Unsaturated phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, phosphatidylethanolamines, glucosylceramides, and phospholipid ethers in infancy were inversely associated with mAb+ risk, while dicarboxylic acids were associated with an increased risk. An infancy dietary pattern representing higher levels of unsaturated phosphatidylcholines and phospholipid ethers, and lower sphingomyelins was protective for mAb+ in the nested case-control study only. Characterization of this high-risk infant metabolomics profile may help shape the future of early diagnosis or prevention efforts. © 2019, The Author(s).
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| 30. |
- Keyoumu, Ayiguli, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous Nano- and Ultrafiltration of Kraft Pulping Black Liquor with Ceramic Filters : A method for lowering the load on the recovery boiler while generating valuable side-products
- 2004
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Ingår i: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 20:2, s. 143-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ceramic membranes coated with ZrO2 were used for the continuous separation of a well-defined low molecular weight lignin from softwood and hardwood kraft black liquors on a pilot scale. The membranes used had M-w cut-offs of 1000, 5000, and 15,000 Da, respectively. The flux (permeate flow) through the different membranes measured as L/(m(2 .)h) was studied by varying the inlet pressure and temperature. The black liquor lignins in the permeate from the filters were isolated and studied with GPC and UV spectroscopy. The low molecular weight lignin fraction was highly phenolic and could be polymerised by one-electron oxidation.
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| 31. |
- Lindström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Contextualising the Salutogenesis and Antonovsky in Public Health Development
- 2006
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Ingår i: Health Promotion International. - United Kingdom : Oxford University Press. - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 21:3, s. 238-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- More than 20 years have passed since the American-Israeli medical sociologist Aaron Antonovsky introduced his salutogenic theory ‘sense of coherence’ as a global orientation to view the world, claiming that the way people view their life has a positive influence on their health. Sense of coherence explains why people in stressful situations stay well and even are able to improve their health. The origin of salutogenesis derives from the interviews of Israeli women with experiences from the concentration camps of the Second World War who in spite of this stayed healthy. Sixty years after the Holocaust this paper aim to shed light on the salutogenic theory in the context of public health and health promotion. In addition, other approaches with salutogenic elements for the explanation of health are considered. A potential direction for public health of the early 21st century is proposed. The historical paradox is to honour the victims of the Holocaust and see the birth of post-modern public health and the salutogenic framework through the experience of its survivors in the ashes of Modernity.
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| 32. |
- Lindström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Grundlagen der Salutogenese : Von der Anatomie der Gesundheit zur Architektur des Lebens - Salutugene Wege der Gesundheitsförderung
- 2019
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Ingår i: Salutogenese kennen und verstehen. - Bern : Hogrefe. - 9783456857688 - 9783456957685 ; , s. 25-107
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Salutogenese ist die Wissenschaft von den Bedingungen, die Gesundheit ermöglichen, aufrechterhalten und wiederherstellen. Im Unterschied zur Pathogenese, die sich mit Ursachen von Krankheit beschäftigt, fokussiert Salutogenese die Ursachen von Gesundheit. Als Teilgebiet der Gesundheitswissenschaften gründet Salutogenese auf einer empirisch validierten Theorie von Aaron Antonovsky und verfügt über eine mittlerweile 40-jährige weltweite Forschungstradition. Mit der globalen Arbeitsgruppe zur Salutogenese innerhalb der internationalen Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsförderung (IUHPE) hat sich das Wissensgebiet zu einem Schwerpunkt in Public Health entwickelt.In diesem Werk wird die Komplexität des vorhandenen Wissens zur Salutogenese in kurzen, gut illustrierten Kapiteln dargestellt, die für verschiedene Anspruchsgruppen anschlussfähig sind und einen kompakten Überblick zu den relevanten Themen Gesundheitspolitik, Lebensqualität, Gesundheitserziehung oder psychische Gesundheit geben. Eine kurze Einführung zu den Thesen des Begründers der Salutgenese, Aaron Antonovsky, sowie ein abschließendes Kapitel zum aktuellen deutsche Forschungsstand runden das Werk ab.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Lindström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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La salutogenèse : petit guide pour promouvoir la santé
- 2012
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Au milieu des années 1970, un chercheur dans le domaine du stress, Aaron Antonovsky, a eu une intuition révolutionnaire dans l’univers des sciences de la santé : et si l’on tentait de comprendre ce qui génère la santé, la « salutogenèse », plutôt que de se concentrer essentiellement sur ce qui produit la maladie, la « pathogenèse », comme on le faisait depuis des siècles ? Ce livre permet, pour la première fois en langue française, de comprendre les possibilités et les limites de la salutogenèse, non seulement en tant que théorie, mais aussi en tant qu'orientation générale pour aborder les enjeux de santé du xxie siècle. À ce titre, il intéressa au premier chef les chercheurs et les praticiens des diverses disciplines du domaine de la santé et des services sociaux.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Lindström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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The effectiveness of the salutogenic approach to health promotion according to the Ottawa Charter principles and action areas.
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Conference on Assets for Health and Wellbeing across the Life Course.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since health promotion was launched in 1986 through the Ottawa Charter it has suffered from the lack of a good theoretical foundation. However, it has now been demonstrated that the original salutogenic theory (The Sense of Coherence Theory of Antonovsky) matches the principles of the Ottawa Charter (OC). The evidence of a global systematic review on SOC proves that people and systems that have developed a strong SOC have a positive health outcome regarding the OC action areas. In 2007 IUHPE established a Global Working Group on Salutogenesis (GWG-SAL). In December 2010 10 research centers formed a core group for the GWG-SAL. These centers represent different profiles related to salutogenesis such as pollicy development, reorientation of health services, settings approaches such as workplace health, community action, health behaviours and learning for health, NCD interventions, development of research methods and indicators, contemporary evidence base and systematic reviews, the life-course approach, mental health, quality of life, population health and specific target groups such as youth and elderly... The proposed subkeynote/workshop or symposium proposes to coherently address these aspects where representatives of the Core Group speak to the core aspects of the above issues and discuss further research and interventions regarding the salutogenic approach to health and health promotion.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Lindström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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The salutogenic approach to the making of HiAP/Healthy Public Policy: illustrated by a case study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Global Health Promotion. - : SAGE Publications. - 1757-9759 .- 1757-9767. ; 16:1, s. 17-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty years have passed since the central document of health promotion, the Ottawa Charter, was constituted. Health was seen as the process enabling individuals and communities to increase control over their determinants of health, thereby improving their health and enabling an active and productive life, that is, a good quality of life. One main strategy was the making of a healthy public policy. At the same time Aaron Antonovsky developed the salutogenic theory and its core concepts the sense of coherence and the generalized resistance resources. This paper integrates Antonovsky's salutogenic theory and a salutogenicmodel of quality of life into the core principles of theOttawa Charter and exemplifies how to make healthy public policy the salutogenic way. A process-oriented coherent health promotion research model integrating an ecological, a salutogenic and a resilient approach is shown. The objective of this theoretical model is to bring together the whole spectrum of risk factors, protective factors and promotion factors in one model. Further, individual, group and society level are considered. Themodel suggested aims to contribute to the creation of sense of coherence. This is exemplified in practice in a case study of a Nation, that is, on a national level. The case study of the "Nation" is partly masked. The principles behind these processes are explained in detail while the case study of the "Nation" only includes parts of the process explaining some core issues. The overall aim of this paper is to stimulate health promotion activities along the lines presented and invite the readers to comment and continue the discussion.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Lindström, Veronica, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Developing a methodology based on Value Stream Mapping for the Measurement of Automation Levels in Production Systems
- 2005
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Ingår i: CIRP 3rd International Conference on Reconfigurable Manufacturing.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- From a production system perspective, both human and technological capabilities, automation, are important for balance and robustness. Separating and standardizing the balance allocation or relationship between theses two is termed levels of automation (LoA). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of Value Stream Mapping to measure levels of automation in production value streams and to discuss suitable types of taxonomies for measuring automation. The results of two case studies show that different LoA models can be used when measuring, but preferable is to separate computerized and mechanized processes. A measurement methodology is also provided based on value stream mapping.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Lundgren, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Analgesic antipyretic use among young children in the TEDDY study : No association with islet autoimmunity
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Pediatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2431. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The use of analgesic antipyretics (ANAP) in children have long been a matter of controversy. Data on their practical use on an individual level has, however, been scarce. There are indications of possible effects on glucose homeostasis and immune function related to the use of ANAP. The aim of this study was to analyze patterns of analgesic antipyretic use across the clinical centers of The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) prospective cohort study and test if ANAP use was a risk factor for islet autoimmunity. Methods: Data were collected for 8542 children in the first 2.5 years of life. Incidence was analyzed using logistic regression with country and first child status as independent variables. Holm's procedure was used to adjust for multiplicity of intercountry comparisons. Time to autoantibody seroconversion was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model with cumulative analgesic use as primary time dependent covariate of interest. For each categorization, a generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach was used. Results: Higher prevalence of ANAP use was found in the U.S. (95.7%) and Sweden (94.8%) compared to Finland (78.1%) and Germany (80.2%). First-born children were more commonly given acetaminophen (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.07, 1.49; p = 0.007) but less commonly Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.78, 0.95; p = 0.002). Acetaminophen and NSAID use in the absence of fever and infection was more prevalent in the U.S. (40.4%; 26.3% of doses) compared to Sweden, Finland and Germany (p < 0.001). Acetaminophen or NSAID use before age 2.5 years did not predict development of islet autoimmunity by age 6 years (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.99-1.09; p = 0.27). In a sub-analysis, acetaminophen use in children with fever weakly predicted development of islet autoimmunity by age 3 years (HR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.09; p = 0.024). Conclusions: ANAP use in young children is not a risk factor for seroconversion by age 6 years. Use of ANAP is widespread in young children, and significantly higher in the U.S. compared to other study sites, where use is common also in absence of fever and infection.
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| 46. |
- Mittelmark, Maurice B, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Handbook of Salutogenesis. - New York : Springer-Verlag New York. - 9783319046006 - 9783319045993 ; , s. vii-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 47. |
- Mittelmark, Maurice B., et al.
(författare)
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Salutogenesis for Thriving Societies
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Handbook of Salutogenesis. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030795146 - 9783030795153 ; , s. 635-638
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter is this handbook’s ‘grand finale’, addressing the potential of salutogenesis to nurture thriving societies. The handbook’s editors reflect on the advancement of salutogenesis concerning theory development, applying the salutogenic model in community settings and helping society tackle crises such as COVID-19.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Pérez-Wilson, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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'A synergy model of health' : an integration of salutogenesis and the health assets model.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Health Promotion International. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 36:3, s. 884-894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article proposes to advance the connections between salutogenic theory and assets models for health improvement. There is a need to integrate their use in public health and health promotion so that their respective potentials can be fully developed. This requires their synergies to be made more explicit so that a more coherent approach can be taken to their utilization. A mechanism is therefore needed that helps to raise awareness of them and their value as a resource together. Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory provides one framework that can support better integration of salutogenesis with the applied nature of assets-based models. This paper proposes a new 'synergy model for health' that integrates key concepts associated with salutogenic theory-generalized and specific resistance resources (GRRs/SRRs) and generalized and specific resistance deficits and the sense of coherence (SOC). In doing so, it highlights those GRRs and SRRs which are assets that, either individually or collectively, help to develop a stronger SOC. Higher levels of SOC can then support the transformations of potential resources into available assets (that people can understand, manage and make sense of), capable of producing positive health development. The proposed 'Synergy model of health' aims to contribute to a deeper theoretical understanding of health and development through the integration of the key elements of both salutogenesis and assets models. This can facilitate a better contextualization of the ideas into public health policy and practice by making the salutogenic theory more action-oriented and the assets model more theoretical.
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