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- Berglund, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Noise. In The National Board of Health and Welfare : Environmental Health Report 2005. Extended Summary.
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Community noise is a widespread environmental problem in Sweden and is the form of disturbance that affects the highest number of both children and adults. Twelve-year-olds are disturbed by the same noise sources as adults, but, for children, loud music is the most annoying source, whereas road-traffic noise is most annoying source for adults. One child in every seven is annoyed by noise in or near the home and one in four is annoyed by noise in or near the school/kindergarten. One in every five report that after listening to loud music or other loud sounds. They experience ringing, squeaking, howling or buzzing in their ears, this being slightly more frequent among boys than girls. Just over one in ten report that their hearing is sometimes worse after listening to loud music. Children are exposed to hearing-impairing noise to a larger extent than in the past. Sound levels measured in kindergartens and schools exceed the limit for when ear protectors must be worn according to legislation governing health and safety at work. It is important that children’s noise exposures in kindergartens, schools and leisure environments are reduced as well as children's exposure to excessively loud music.
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| 3. |
- Blom, May, et al.
(författare)
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Daily stress and social support among women with CAD : results from a 1-year randomized controlled stress management intervention study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1070-5503 .- 1532-7558. ; 16:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Psychosocial stress may play a causative role in development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD).PURPOSE: We investigated the effects of a 1-year stress management program on daily stress behavior and social support among female CAD patients.METHOD: Women, 247 (RESULTS: Daily stress scores for the intervention and control groups were at baseline 39.5 +/- 8.1 vs. 37.2 +/- 9.1 (p = 0.06), 10 weeks 37.2 +/- 8.0 vs. 35.5 +/- 9.4 (p = 0.20), 1-year 36.1 +/- 7.2 vs. 35.9 +/- 8.5 (p = 0.85), and at 1-2 year follow-up 34.0 +/- 7.8 vs. 35.3 +/- 8.7 (p = 0.32), respectively. Intention to treat analyses showed interaction between treatment and time [F(3,213) = 2.72; p = 0.01] reflecting that the decrease was more pronounced in the intervention group. There was no evidence for a difference in change concerning social support.CONCLUSION: CAD women in the intervention group had a more pronounced reduction of self-rated daily stress behavior over time compared to controls. However, as the intervention group had higher baseline values, due to regression toward the mean, we have no evidence that the difference in decrease of daily stress was due to the intervention.
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| 4. |
- Durst, Susanne, Dr. och docent, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge risk management in the public sector : insights into a Swedish municipality
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Knowledge Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1367-3270 .- 1758-7484. ; 24:4, s. 717-735
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThis study aims to contribute to the understanding of knowledge risk management (KRM) and a range of related knowledge management practices in the public sector through a case study conducted in a Swedish municipality.Design/methodology/approachA single case study was conducted in a Swedish municipality involving two offices. Data were collected through an online survey, group interviews and group exercises involving members of the offices who represented different functions, roles and age groups.FindingsThe findings underline the need for a systematic approach to KRM for being in a position to continuously deliver the municipality’s products and services, specifically against the knowledge challenges ahead. In addition, the authors identified a number of internal and external factors that are challenging KRM.Research limitations/implicationsData were collected from a single case study, to generalize the findings future research should study additional local governments.Practical implicationsA holistic KRM framework is proposed intended to help managers tackle present and future challenges in the public sector.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the underdeveloped field of KRM by providing insights into KRM and KRM-related activities found in a Swedish municipality.
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| 7. |
- Molin, Fredrik, 1977-
(författare)
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The Art of Communication : Investigating the Dynamics of Work Group Meetings in a Natural Environment
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Meetings in work groups are important organisational arenas to form ideas, share knowledge, and co-ordinate and develop work. Therefore, meetings are a potential source to innovation and efficiency in organisations, as well as to a means to improve interpersonal relationships in the workplace. One approach in previous research on group interaction has been to codify verbal utterances and link various communication patterns to group performance. However, missing in previous research is how the interaction pattern in a group emerges and how behaviour of the group affects the interaction pattern. This thesis focuses on behavioural and contextual factors and their impact on the interaction pattern of work groups. The aim of the thesis is to investigate how the interactional pattern of meetings is influenced by the behaviour of the leader, the behaviour of the group members, and the structure of the meeting.To investigate the link between contextual factors and the interaction patterns, group observations were conducted in management teams and work groups, during their ordinary meetings. As a basis for observation, Losada & Heaphy’s (2004) communication model was applied, which showed a link between a specific communication pattern and high performance. The findings of the present thesis suggest that the leader plays a significant role for the outcome of the interactional pattern of a meeting and that he or she can contribute in several ways. Equally important to the interactional pattern of management teams and work groups is the effort and commitment expended by the other participants. The findings further show that the structure of the meeting is relevant: For example, structuring the meeting as a case discussion rather than a traditional meeting agenda results in a more dynamic interaction. By examining how the interaction is affected by leader behaviour, employee participation and meeting structure, the thesis contributes to the existing literature in the field of interaction analysis.
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| 8. |
- Warrén Stomberg, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Work-related musculoskeletal disorders when performing laparoscopic surgery.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Surgical laparoscopy, endoscopy & percutaneous techniques. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1534-4908 .- 1530-4515. ; 20:1, s. 49-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to survey the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders in the population of gynecologists and general surgeons performing laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to 558 general surgeons and gynecologists and 378 were answered (68%). Descriptive data analysis and statistical calculations were performed. RESULTS: One or more disturbing symptoms were common among laparoscopists. More than 70% of the laparoscopists had one or more symptom. Pain was the most common symptom followed by fatigue and stiffness. Lower back, neck, and shoulders were most frequently affected. Headache and visual discomfort were also reported. Longer workload over time and ageing resulted in significantly more disorders (P<0.01). Female physicians had significantly more disorders (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed musculoskeletal disorders in a majority of laparoscopists. The laparoscopic technique often requires static and tiring work positions, sometimes extreme, which can explain musculoskeletal disorders among general surgeons and gynecologist.
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