| 1. |
- Adrian, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanical complications after central venous catheterisation in the ultrasound-guided era : a prospective multicentre cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Anaesthesia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-6771 .- 0007-0912. ; 129:6, s. 843-850
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Limited data are available on the incidence of mechanical complications after ultrasound-guided central venous catheterisation. We aimed to determine the incidence of mechanical complications in hospitals where real-time ultrasound guidance is clinical practice for central venous access and to identify variables associated with mechanical complications.METHODS: All central venous catheter insertions in patients ≥16 yr at four emergency care hospitals in Sweden from March 2, 2019 to December 31, 2020 were eligible for inclusion. Every insertion was monitored for complete documentation and occurrence of mechanical complications within 24 h after catheterisation. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations between predefined variables and mechanical complications.RESULTS: In total, 12 667 catheter insertions in 8586 patients were included. The incidence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of mechanical complications was 7.7% (7.3-8.2%), of which 0.4% (0.3-0.5%) were major complications. The multivariable analyses showed that patient BMI <20 kg m -2 (odds ratio 2.69 [95% CI: 1.17-5.62]), male operator gender (3.33 [1.60-7.38]), limited operator experience (3.11 [1.64-5.77]), and increasing number of skin punctures (2.18 [1.59-2.88]) were associated with major mechanical complication. Subclavian vein catheterisation was associated with pneumothorax (5.91 [2.13-17.26]). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of major mechanical complications is low in hospitals where real-time ultrasound guidance is the standard of care for central venous access. Several variables independently associated with mechanical complications can be used for risk stratification before catheterisation procedures, which might further reduce complication rates.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT03782324.
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| 2. |
- Lihua Liu, Jasmine, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Electrification of the Transportation System in China : Exploring Battery Technology for Electrical Vehicles in China 1.0
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Batteries is one of the main systems of electric vehicle. Batteries determine the total performance and define the capabilities of the electric vehicle regardless it is a passenger vehicle or heavy truck. Batteries are also determining the total price of the electric vehicle to large extend. In our first two reports on battery-swapping, Exploring Battery-Swapping For Electric Vehicles in China 1.0, and Exploring Battery-Swapping for Heavy Trucks in China 1.0, our focus was on passengers’ vehicles, and heavy trucks and the development and estab- lishment of large-scale battery-swapping systems in the Chinese context.Due to the importance of batteries for the performance of electric vehicles, it is important to explore and understand the development of technologies for batteries in China as China is not only largest manufacturer of electric vehicles but also one of the largest developers and manufacturers of batteries used in electric vehicles.In this report we are focusing on the technology development in historic perspective of the last 15 years in China. We see that the lithium-ion technology is the dominant technology, but we also see new emerging battery technologies that might be the game changer for the performance of electric vehicles. We demonstrate the dynamics of main battery technologies, LFP (lithium iron manganese, LiFeO4, battery cell) battery and NMC (lithium nickel manga- nese cobalt oxide battery cell) battery, the distribution of installed volumes between LFP and NMC in the Chinese market. During the early days of modern battery, the LFP battery technology were dominant with 69% of the market while NMC had 27% of the market. Over the last 5 years we can see big change where NMC is moving to the 67% level and LFP is going down to 32%. During the emerging stage of the China’s new energy vehicle development, LFP batteries account for 69-72% of the installed capacity due to their low cost and mature technology.With the introduction of NMC batteries into the mar- ket, their energy density, capacity and operational vehicle range and safety performance have been improved compared with LFP batteries. In recent years, the installed capacity of NMC battery technology accounts for two-thirds of the market in China. With the intensification of competition in the new energy vehicle market, NMC batteries with higher energy density and better cost efficiency ratio have become the new favorite and are still the mainstream of the market until now.The CTP (cell to pack) technology of CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited) improves the energy density and group efficiency of NMC battery, and the blade battery developed by BYD improves the energy density and safety performance based on the low cost of LFP battery. LFP battery market share expected to grow.However, professionals in the industry point out that the energy density of LFP battery and NMC battery is close to the theoretical limit, the energy density limit of high nickel material + silicon carbon negative cell is about 300Wh/Kg At current time only CATL and GOTION High-Tech have reached this level.New battery technologies are emerging, such as the Li-S (Lithium-Sulfur) battery that was first proposed in the 1960s, but progress has been slow so far; it was not until the 21st century that China’s research on Li-S batteries began gradually to develop. Solid-state lithium and lithium-rich manganese-based battery technologies are becoming the new hot-spots of battery development in China.Beside capacity and performance, the main challenges for battery development that we have identified are:Safety issues, especially the risk of fire during battery charging. The need to improve battery-management systems in collaborative settings between vehicle OEMs and key partners such as battery manufacturers and battery swapping technology developers. The management of batteries in their second and third lifecycles, as well as the decommissioning and recycling of old batteries.According to the development of the existing market, the market size of power lithium battery pack recycling will reach about 6.5 billion yuan by 2020, of which the market size of ladder utilization is about 4.1 billion yuan, and the market size of recycling is 2.4 billion yuan. By 2023, the total market size for battery decommissioning will reach 15 billion yuan, of which the market size of ladder utilization is about 5.7 billion yuan, and the market size of recycling is about 9.3 billion yuan.
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| 3. |
- Linné, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy of an implementation package on documentation of central venous catheter insertions : an observational study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open quality. - : BMJ. - 2399-6641. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Proper documentation of central venous catheter (CVC) insertions in electronic healthcare records is the basis for good follow-up and quality assurance. We have noted serious deficiencies in the documentation of CVC insertions and introduced an implementation package with the purpose of increasing the completeness of this documentation. The aim of the present study was to estimate the effect of the implementation package by assessing the proportion of missing data before and after the introduction of the implementation package.METHODS: In this single centre observational study, data from CVC insertion templates in a common electronic health record were extracted and analysed after introducing the implementation package. The package included adoption of new local CVC-directions, a new updated CVC-insertion template in the regional common electronic health record and a review of all CVC-insertion templates with a reminder to the inserting physician to supplement missing data. The proportion of terms with missing data was reviewed and also compared with the proportion of missing data in a study prior to the introduction of the package.RESULTS: In total, 7126 CVC-insertion templates were included. Of these 5539 (78%) were without missing data for any of the 13 predefined variables. Completed insertion templates for three common terms increased from 38% prior to the introduction of the implementation package to 93%, which represents an absolute reduction for missing data of 55% (95% CI 53% to 56%, p<0.0001).CONCLUSION: The implementation package was highly effective in increasing the proportion of fully documented CVC insertions.
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| 4. |
- Linne, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Development of calibration technique for underwater transducers in free field conditions below 1000 Hz with results on an acoustical recorder
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. - : Acoustical Society of America (ASA). - 0001-4966 .- 1520-8524. ; 152:6, s. 3606-3615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A calibration technique with potential for low frequencies and sizeable systems of underwater transducers is being developed at the Swedish Defence Research Agency. The technique is based on the three-transducer spherical wave reciprocity method for use in an ice-covered lake with a depth of 220 m in the Swedish arctic zone. The calibration is performed at a depth of approximately 100 m with inter-transducer separations of 50 m, 86.6 m, and 100 m, allowing for frequencies down to 59 Hz using time-gated tone burst signals. In this paper, the calibration location, system, and technique are introduced, and the calibration results of an acoustical recorder in the range of 59 Hz-1 kHz are presented. The sensitivity is varying with frequency around -148 dB re 1 V/mu Pa, and the uncertainty budget is discussed.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Tell, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Multicentre Phase II Trial of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin with Concurrent Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
- 2008
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 28:5B, s. 2851-2857
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate weekly, induction chemotherapy followed by weekly concomitant chemoradiotherapy in a multicentre phase II study of patients with wiresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; stage wet IIIB excluded). Patients (aid Methods: Eligible patients received three weekly cycles of paclitaxel 100 mg/m(2) and carboplatin AUC2 followed by six weekly cycles of paclitaxel 60 mg/m(2) and carboplatin AUC2 in combination with thoracic radiotherapy (2 Gy per fraction and day to a total (lose of 60 Gy), Results: Sixty-four patients (40 males and 24 females) with a median age of 63 Years (range, 43-79 years) entered the study. T and N stage were distributed as follows: T1 2 patients (3.2%). T2 10 patients (15.6%), T3 15 patients (23.4%). T4 37 patients (57.8%), N0 10 patients (15.6%). N1 1 patient (1.6%), N2 26 patients (40.6%), N3 26 patients (40.6%), and N missing I patient (1.6%). Seven patients (10.9%) suffered from grade 314 oesophagitis. Grade 112 oesophagitis occurred in 36 patients (56.3%) and pneumonitis grade 112 occurred in 10 patients (15.6%). Sixty-three patients were evaluated on an intent-to-treat basis. The overall response rate was 74.6%. The median time to progression was 247 days and median overall survival was 461 days. According to subgroup analyses, no statistically signicant differences were noted according to gender, age (<65 vs. >= 65 years), perfromance status, histology, or study centre. Conclusion: Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin is feasible and generates moderate toxicity. Efficacy is comparable to other recently published regimens. However, prognosis remains, ill general, poor for this group of patients and further work to develop better therapy is required.
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| 7. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2011
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swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
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