| 1. |
- Antonarakis, S. E., et al.
(författare)
-
Factor VIII gene inversions in severe hemophilia A : Results of an international consortium study
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 86:6, s. 2206-2212
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-two molecular diagnostic laboratories from 14 countries participated in a consortium study to estimate the impact of Factor VIII gene inversions in severe hemophilia A. A total of 2,093 patients with severe hemophilia A were studied; of those, 740 (35%) had a type 1 (distal) factor VIII inversion, and 140 (7%) showed a type 2 (proximal) inversion. In 25 cases, the molecular analysis showed additional abnormal or polymorphic patterns. Ninety-eight percent of 532 mothers of patients with inversions were carriers of the abnormal factor VIII gene; when only mothers of nonfamilial cases were studied, 9 de novo inversions in maternal germ cells ware observed among 225 cases (≃ 1 de novo maternal origin of the inversion in 25 mothers of sporadic cases). When the maternal grandparental origin was examined, the inversions occurred de novo in male germ cells in 69 cases and female germ cells in 1 case. The presence of factor VIII inversions is not a major predisposing factor for the development of factor VIII inhibitors; however, slightly more patients with severe hemophilia A and factor VIII inversions develop inhibitors (130 of 642 [20%]) than patients with severe hemophilia A without inversions (131 of 821 [16%]).
|
|
| 2. |
- Halldén, Christer, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
Investigation of disease-associated factors in haemophilia A patients without detectable mutations
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Blackwell. - 1351-8216 .- 1365-2516. ; 18:3, s. e132-e137
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate disease causing mechanism in haemophilia A patients without detectable mutation. Screening for F8 mutations in 307 haemophilia A patients using: re-sequencing and inversion PCR, reverse transcription (RT-PCR) of mRNA, MLPA analysis, haplotyping using SNP and microsatellite markers. No F8 mutations were detected in 9 of the 307 patients (2.9%) using re-sequencing and inversion PCR. MLPA analysis detected duplication in exon 6 in one patient and RT-PCR showed no products for different regions of mRNA in four other patients, indicating failed transcription. No obvious associations were observed between the phenotypes of the nine patients, their F8 haplotypes and the putative mutations detected. The mutation-positive patients carrying the same haplotypes as the mutation-negative patients show a multitude of different mutations, emphasizing the lack of associations at the haplotype level. VWF mutation screening and factor V measurements ruled out type 2N VWD and combined factor V and VIII deficiency respectively. To further investigate a possible role for FVIII interacting factors the haplotypes/diplotypes of F2, F9, F10 and VWF were compared. The nine patients had no specific haplotype/diplotype combination in common that can explain disease. Duplications and faulty transcription contribute to the mutational spectrum of haemophilia A patients where conventional mutation screening fail to identify mutations.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Clausen, Niels, et al.
(författare)
-
Similar bleeding phenotype in young children with haemophilia A or B : A cohort study
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 20:6, s. 747-755
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bleeding phenotype has been suggested to differ between haemophilia A and B. More knowledge on the bleeding phenotype at initiation of treatment is important to optimize patient care. The aim of this study was to investigate the severity of the bleeding phenotype and the variation in bleeding in children with severe or moderate haemophilia A and B. Consecutive, previously untreated patients with severe or moderate haemophilia A and B (factor VIII or IX activity <0.01 or 0.01-0.05 IU mL-1 respectively) born between January 1st 2000 and January 1st 2010 were included. Primary outcome was severity of bleeding tendency. Secondary outcome was variation in bleeding pattern. A total of 582 patients with severe haemophilia A and 76 with severe haemophilia B did not differ in age at first exposure to clotting factor (0.81 vs. 0.88 years, P = 0.20), age at first bleed (0.82 vs. 0.88 years, P = 0.36), and age at first joint bleed (1.18 vs. 1.20 years, P = 0.59). Patients with moderate haemophilia were older compared to patients with severe haemophilia. In patients with moderate haemophilia there were no clear differences between haemophilia A and B. Severity and variation in bleeding phenotype are similar during the early stage of treatment in patients with severe and moderate haemophilia A and B respectively. The findings imply that children with haemophilia B should be observed and treated as vigilantly as those with haemophilia A.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Peake, I R, et al.
(författare)
-
Haemophilia : strategies for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis
- 1993
-
Ingår i: Bulletin of the World Health Organization. - 0042-9686. ; 71:3-4, s. 58-429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1977 WHO published in the Bulletin a Memorandum on Methods for the Detection of Haemophilia Carriers. This was produced following a WHO/WFH (World Federation of Haemophilia) Meeting of Investigators in Geneva in November 1976, and has served as a valuable reference article on the genetics of haemophilia. The analyses discussed were based on phenotypic assessment, which, at that time, was the only procedure available. The molecular biology revolution in genetics during the 1980s made enormous contributions to our understanding of the molecular basis of the haemophilias and now permits precise carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. WHO and WFH held a joint meeting on this subject in February 1992 in Geneva. This article is the result of these discussions.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Björck, Svante, et al.
(författare)
-
A South Atlantic island record uncovers shifts in westerlies and hydroclimate during the last glacial
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1814-9324 .- 1814-9332. ; 15:6, s. 1939-1958
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in the latitudinal position and strength of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies (SHW) are thought to be tightly coupled to important climate processes, such as cross-equatorial heat fluxes, Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the bipolar seesaw, Southern Ocean ventilation and atmospheric CO2 levels. However, many uncertainties regarding magnitude, direction, and causes and effects of past SHW shifts still exist due to lack of suitable sites and scarcity of information on SHW dynamics, especially from the last glacial. Here we present a detailed hydroclimate multiproxy record from a 36.4-18.6 kyr old lake sediment sequence on Nightingale Island (NI). It is strategically located at 37ĝF S in the central South Atlantic (SA) within the SHW belt and situated just north of the marine Subtropical Front (SF). This has enabled us to assess hydroclimate changes and their link to the regional climate development as well as to large-scale climate events in polar ice cores. The NI record exhibits a continuous impact of the SHW, recording shifts in both position and strength, and between 36 and 31 ka the westerlies show high latitudinal and strength-wise variability possibly linked to the bipolar seesaw. This was followed by 4 kyr of slightly falling temperatures, decreasing humidity and fairly southerly westerlies. After 27 ka temperatures decreased 3-4 ĝC, marking the largest hydroclimate change with drier conditions and a variable SHW position. We note that periods with more intense and southerly-positioned SHW seem to be related to periods of increased CO2 outgassing from the ocean, while changes in the cross-equatorial gradient during large northern temperature changes appear as the driving mechanism for the SHW shifts. Together with coeval shifts of the South Pacific westerlies, our results show that most of the Southern Hemisphere experienced simultaneous atmospheric circulation changes during the latter part of the last glacial. Finally we can conclude that multiproxy lake records from oceanic islands have the potential to record atmospheric variability coupled to large-scale climate shifts over vast oceanic areas..
|
|
| 10. |
- Björkenstam, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Multi-Exposure and Clustering of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Socioeconomic Differences and Psychotropic Medication in Young Adults
- 2013
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:1, s. e53551-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Stressful childhood experiences have negative long-term health consequences. The present study examines the association between adverse childhood experiences, socioeconomic position, and risk of psychotropic medication in young adulthood. Methods: This register-based cohort study comprises the birth cohorts between 1985 and 1988 in Sweden. We followed 362 663 individuals for use of psychotropic medication from January 2006 until December 2008. Adverse childhood experiences were severe criminality among parents, parental alcohol or drug abuse, social assistance recipiency, parental separation or single household, child welfare intervention before the age of 12, mentally ill or suicidal parents, familial death, and number of changes in place of residency. Estimates of risk of psychotropic medication were calculated as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using logistic regression analysis. Results: Adverse childhood experiences were associated with increased risks of psychotropic medication. The OR for more than three adverse childhood experiences and risk of psychotropic medication was for women 2.4 (95% CI 2.3-2.5) and for men 3.1 (95% CI 2.9-3.2). The risk of psychotropic medication increased with a higher rate of adverse childhood experiences, a relationship similar in all socioeconomic groups. Conclusions: Accumulation of adverse childhood experiences increases the risk of psychotropic medication in young adults. Parental educational level is of less importance when adjusting for adverse childhood experiences. The higher risk for future mental health problems among children from lower socioeconomic groups, compared to peers from more advantaged backgrounds, seems to be linked to a higher rate of exposure to adverse childhood experiences.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Graham, J B, et al.
(författare)
-
Carrier detection in hemophilia A : a cooperative international study. I. The carrier phenotype
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Blood. - 0006-4971. ; 67:6, s. 9-1554
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eight laboratories in six countries cooperated to clarify several issues concerning the phenotypes of heterozygous carriers of hemophilia "A." Plasma levels of factor VIII (F.VIII:C, formerly VIII:C) and von Willebrand factor (VWF:Ag, formerly VIIIR:Ag) of carriers and normal women were determined by various "in-house" methods; a single lyophilized plasma standard was used for all assays. Analysis of the collated data from 336 carriers (296 obligatory carriers and 40 sporadic carriers) and 137 normal women showed that there was no difference in the F.VIII:C levels of "paternal" carriers (women who had obtained the abnormal gene from their fathers) and "maternal" carriers. Neither was there a difference in the VWF:Ag levels of normal women and either type of carrier. Age was found to have a significant effect on both F.VIII:C and VWF:Ag, values being higher at very young and very old ages, the minima occurring in the 25- to 30-year range. ABO blood type had a striking effect. Women of types A, B, and AB (designated non-O in the study), both normals and carriers, had significantly higher levels of both factors than did women of type O. Analysis by laboratories showed that differences in mean levels of both factors between laboratories were highly significant. It was concluded that age, ABO blood type, and laboratory variation should be taken into account in carrier detection.
|
|
| 13. |
- Green, P P, et al.
(författare)
-
Carrier detection in hemophilia A : a cooperative international study. II. The efficacy of a universal discriminant
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Blood. - 0006-4971. ; 67:6, s. 7-1560
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Factor VIII (F.VIII) and von Willebrand factor (VWF):Ag data collected by eight laboratories on a total of 336 obligatory carriers of hemophilia A and 137 normal women were used to answer several questions concerning the construction of linear discriminants for carrier detection. It was found: that a "universal" linear discriminant can be constructed which is suitable for use in all laboratories and is nearly as effective as laboratory-specific discriminants; that inclusion of age and ABO blood type data improved the efficacy of these discriminants; that substitution of alternative assays for F.VIII and VWF:Ag did not generally improve the efficacy of the discriminants over that obtained using the bioassay for F.VIII:C and Laurell's immunoassay for VWF:Ag; that linear discriminants were far more effective than discriminants based on the F.VIII:C/VWF:Ag ratio. A step-wise procedure is given which any laboratory may follow in using the universal discriminant for carrier detection.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Rodriguez-Merchan, E. C., et al.
(författare)
-
Joint protection in haemophilia
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 17, s. 1-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Haemarthroses (intra-articular haemorrhages) are a frequent finding typically observed in patients with haemophilia. Diagnosis and treatment of these bleeding episodes must be delivered as early as possible. Additionally, treatment should ideally be administered intensively (enhanced on-demand treatment) until the resolution of symptoms. Joint aspiration plays an important role in acute and profuse haemarthroses as the presence of blood in the joint leads to chondrocyte apoptosis and chronic synovitis, which will eventually result in joint degeneration (haemophilic arthropathy). Ultrasonography (US) is an appropriate diagnostic technique to assess the evolution of acute haemarthrosis in haemophilia, although magnetic resonance imaging remains the gold standard as far as imaging techniques are concerned. Some patients experience subclinical haemarthroses, which eventually tend to result in some degree of arthropathy, especially in the ankles. Nowadays, the most effective way of protecting these patients is primary prophylaxis, which in practice changes severe haemophilia into moderate haemophilia, preventing or at least minimizing the occurrence of haemarthrosis. If primary prophylaxis is, for whatever reason not an option, secondary prophylaxis and enhanced on demand treatment should be considered. Two alternatives are available for inhibitor patients: (i) control of haemostasis using by-passing agents (rFVIIa or aPCCs) either as enhanced on demand treatment or secondary prophylaxis, as appropriate, following the same basic principles used for non-inhibitor patients and (ii) immune tolerance induction (ITI) to eradicate the inhibitor.
|
|
| 18. |
- Salek, S. Z., et al.
(författare)
-
The need for speed in the management of haemophilia patients with inhibitors
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216 .- 1365-2516. ; 17:1, s. 95-102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid control of bleeding is the key to reducing bleeding complications and thereby preserving joint and musculoskeletal function in haemophilia patients with inhibitors. However, this requires early diagnosis following the onset of bleeding and strategies for rapid treatment in an outpatient setting. Overarching themes on the need for speed in managing bleeds in haemophilia patients were examined by a panel of clinicians experienced in managing inhibitor patients and joint disease during the Third Zurich Haemophilia Forum on 8 May 2009. This report summarizes the opinions of the panel on how to achieve rapid bleeding control in inhibitor patients and areas that were identified by the panel for future research or as needing new consensus guidelines. The consensus was that home treatment should be established for haemophilia patients with inhibitors, as it is associated with a faster time to treatment, as well as improvements in the quality of life of patients and their carers. In addition, as improved haemostatic control now allows inhibitor patients to participate in a wider range of physical activities, specific guidelines are required on which types of sport and work are appropriate. It was agreed that clear, systematic approaches are needed for early diagnosis of joint and muscle bleeds in inhibitor patients, which could facilitate rapid treatment. There may be opportunities for exploiting new diagnostic techniques from osteoarthritis to enable earlier diagnosis of haemophilic arthropathy. Overall, it was concluded that greater emphasis should be placed on education and patients' psychological needs, to enable inhibitor patients to cope up more effectively with their disease.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Tao, Yi, et al.
(författare)
-
Rapid synthesis of auxin via a new tryptophan-dependent pathway is required for shade avoidance in plants
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 133:1, s. 164-176
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plants grown at high densities perceive a decrease in the red to far-red (R:FR) ratio of incoming light, resulting from absorption of red light by canopy leaves and reflection of far-red light from neighboring plants. These changes in light quality trigger a series of responses known collectively as the shade avoidance syndrome. During shade avoidance, stems elongate at the expense of leaf and storage organ expansion, branching is inhibited, and flowering is accelerated. We identified several loci in Arabidopsis, mutations in which lead to plants defective in multiple shade avoidance responses. Here we describe TAA1, an aminotransferase, and show that TAA1 catalyzes the formation of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) from L-tryptophan (L-Trp), the first step in a previously proposed, but uncharacterized, auxin biosynthetic pathway. This pathway is rapidly deployed to synthesize auxin at the high levels required to initiate the multiple changes in body plan associated with shade avoidance.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
- Agardh, Emilie E, et al.
(författare)
-
Burden of type 2 diabetes attributed to lower educational levels in Sweden
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Population Health Metrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-7954. ; 9, s. 60-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is associated with low socioeconomic position (SEP) in high-income countries. Despite the important role of SEP in the development of many diseases, no socioeconomic indicator was included in the Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) module of the Global Burden of Disease study. We therefore aimed to illustrate an example by estimating the burden of type 2 diabetes in Sweden attributed to lower educational levels as a measure of SEP using the methods applied in the CRA.METHODS: To include lower educational levels as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, we pooled relevant international data from a recent systematic review to measure the association between type 2 diabetes incidence and lower educational levels. We also collected data on the distribution of educational levels in the Swedish population using comparable criteria for educational levels as identified in the international literature. Population attributable fractions (PAF) were estimated and applied to the burden of diabetes estimates from the Swedish burden of disease database for men and women in the separate age groups (30-44, 45-59, 60-69, 70-79, and 80+ years).RESULTS: The PAF estimates showed that 17.2% of the diabetes burden in men and 20.1% of the burden in women were attributed to lower educational levels in Sweden when combining all age groups. The burden was, however, most pronounced in the older age groups (70-79 and 80+), where lower educational levels contributed to 22.5% to 24.5% of the diabetes burden in men and 27.8% to 32.6% in women.CONCLUSIONS: There is a considerable burden of type 2 diabetes attributed to lower educational levels in Sweden, and socioeconomic indicators should be considered to be incorporated in the CRA.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Andersson, Carin.E, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Master Program in Project Management : Experiences from combining hard and soft skills
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Nordic Academy of Management (NFF) 2011 Conference.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Project management skills are needed in a growing number of areas, all with specific requirements regarding technical and social competencies. Still, the majority of project management training is focusing on technical tools and techniques, emphasized in standards suggested by global professional project management associations. Uncertainties and unique social settings require a managerial approach different from the linear, rational and analytical view of the world provided by international standards such as the PMBOK Guide. A new approach to project management education is needed that deals with the complexity of today’s project environments. This paper describes a one year master program in project management at the KarlstadUniversity in Sweden. The program is general and focuses on issues regardless of business area or project type, and mix both technical and social skills. The program was initiated in 2002 and more than 200 students have until today been part of the program. In addition to the mandatory courses in the program, several students have, on voluntary basis, passed the IPMA D-level certification. The paper also presents the results from two different types of evaluations showing that the majority of the students have great use of their education in their current employment.Keywords: project management education; project management knowledge; soft skills; hard skills; pedagogic
|
|
| 28. |
- Andersson, Carin E., 1965-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Master Program in Project Management : Experiences from combining hard and soft skills
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Nordic Academy of Management conference 2011.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Project management skills are needed in a growing number of areas, all with specific requirements regarding technical and social competencies. Still, the majority of project management training is focusing on technical tools and techniques, emphasized in standards suggested by global professional project management associations. Uncertainties and unique social settings require a managerial approach different from the linear, rational and analytical view of the world provided by international standards such as the PMBOK Guide. A new approach to project management education is needed that deals with the complexity of today’s project environments. This paper describes a one year master program in project management at theKarlstadUniversityinSweden. The program is general and focuses on issues regardless of business area or project type, and mix both technical and social skills. The program was initiated in 2002 and more than 200 students have until today been part of the program. In addition to the mandatory courses in the program, several students have, on voluntary basis, passed the IPMA D-level certification. The paper also presents the results from two different types of evaluations showing that the majority of the students have great use of their education in their current employment.
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Astermark, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Symposium in memory of Professor Inga Marie Nilsson
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 7:4, s. 401-410
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Professor Inga Marie Nilsson (1923-99) was a pioneer in the field of bleeding and thrombo-embolic disorders and made several major scientific contributions during her career. To honour her memory, colleagues from all over the world were invited to cover several aspects of haemostasis by giving state-of-the-art lectures at an international symposium in Malmö on September 22-23, 2000, chaired by Professors Lou Aledort and Erik Berntorp. Colleagues of Professor Nilsson in Malmö gave a short introduction to each topic. A short review of the meeting will be presented.
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
- Berntorp, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Centraliserad vård grundläggande i vårdprogram för blödarsjuka
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 96:15, s. 1849-1852
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Haemophilia is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease. In Sweden, with a population of approximately 8.5 million, about 350 people suffer from the more severe forms of haemophilia or von Willebrand disease. Meticulous management is important if the patients are to be spared chronic disability and serious treatment complications. The disease is lifelong and affects psychosocial aspects of life among patients and their families. With the help of a grant from the Swedish Board of Halth and Welfare, a care programme has been designed to guarantee Swedish haemophiliacs comparable and optimal care. The programme has been drawn up by representatives of the three haemophilia centres in Sweden (at University Hospital, Malmo, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm) in co-operation with the World Federation of National Haemophilia Organisations. To ensure optimal individual application of the programme, individualised management strategies and patient information leaflets have been prepared.
|
|
| 38. |
- Berntorp, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Consensus perspectives on prophylactic therapy for haemophilia: summary statement.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 9:Suppl 1, s. 41278-41278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Participants in an international conference on prophylactic therapy for severe haemophilia developed a consensus summary of the findings and conclusions of the conference. In the consensus, participants agreed upon revised definitions for primary and secondary prophylaxis and also made recommendations concerning the need for an international system of pharmacovigilance. Considerations on starting prophylaxis, monitoring outcomes, and individualizing treatment regimens were discussed. Several research questions were identified as needing further investigation, including when to start and when to stop prophylaxis, optimal dosing and dose interval, and methods for assessment of long-term treatment effects. Such studies should include carefully defined cohorts, validated orthopaedic and quality-of-life assessment instruments, and cost-benefit analyses.
|
|
| 39. |
- Bienert, K., et al.
(författare)
-
The biomethane map - Research coordination for a low-cost biomethane production at small and medium scale applications
- 2017
-
Ingår i: European Biomass Conf. Exhib. Proc.. - : ETA-Florence Renewable Energies. ; , s. 1097-1104
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Horizon 2020 project “Research Coordination for a Low-Cost Biomethane Production at Small and Medium Scale Applications”, short Record Biomap, aims to build up a knowledge transfer platform to foster the use of research outcomes which are often insufficiently exploited after the end of a research project. In the focus are technology solutions for a cost efficient biomethane production at small to medium scale, which is not yet economically competitive compared to large scale applications. Technology developments along the biomethane supply chain, from substrate pre-treatment, digestion systems up to gas upgrading processes, especially for those technologies which are yet in the first phases of their development are monitored and supported during the project duration. The present paper will give an overview of the project´s focus. The current status of collected technology profiles is presented. The promising innovative technologies “ultra-sound and hydrodynamic cavitation” for substrate pre-treatment, the “high organic loading plug-flow digestion system” and the “in-situ methane enrichment in combination with a wood ash filter” to upgrade the biogas to biomethane are explained in detail. Furthermore, the first findings on R&D needs and framework conditions are highlighted. © 2017, ETA-Florence Renewable Energies. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
- Björkenstam, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Suicidal behavior among delinquent former child welfare clients
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 22:6, s. 349-355
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Child welfare clients represent a high-risk group for delinquency and adult criminality, but also for future suicidal behavior. We examine associations between delinquency and suicidal behavior in a national child welfare population. This register-based cohort study is based on data for all Swedish former child welfare clients born between 1972 and 1981 that experienced interventions before their adolescent years. We followed 27,228 individuals from age 20 years until 31 December 2006. Juvenile delinquency was defined as being convicted of at least one crime between age 15 and 19. The risk of suicidal behavior was calculated as incidence rate ratios (IRRs). Fifteen percent of the women and 40 % of the men had at least one conviction between the age 15 and 19. The adjusted risk of suicidal behavior among women with five or more convictions was 3.5 (95 % CI 2.0-6.2); corresponding IRR for men was 3.9 (95 % CI 3.1-4.9). Child welfare experience-specifically of out-of-home care-in combination with delinquency is a potent risk factor for suicidal behavior among young adults. However, we cannot exclude that some of this association is an epiphenomenon of uncontrolled confounders, such as impulsivity or severity of psychiatric disease. Despite this caveat, results should be disseminated to practitioners in the health and correction services.
|
|
| 43. |
- Blanchette, V S, et al.
(författare)
-
Optimizing factor prophylaxis for the haemophilia population: where do we stand?
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216 .- 1365-2516. ; 10:4, s. 97-104
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hallmark of severe haemophilia, defined as a circulating level of factor (F) VIII (haemophilia A cases) or FIX (haemophilia B cases) of < 1%, is recurrent bleeding into muscles and joints (haemarthroses) from an early age of life. The inevitable result of such bleeding is progressive joint damage, leading to disabling arthritis that is typically evident within the first 2 decades of life in people with haemophilia who have limited or no access to regular factor replacement therapy, or those in whom factor replacement therapy is ineffective because of the presence of high-titre inhibitors. For children with severe haemophilia and no evidence of inhibitors, the unwanted musculoskeletal complications of severe haemophilia can be effectively prevented by the early initiation of a programme of long-term factor prophylaxis. In order to achieve the best outcome (a perfect musculoskeletal status for age) the programme of prophylaxis should be started before the onset of joint damage (primary prophylaxis). The gold standard primary prophylaxis regimen (the Malmo protocol) was pioneered and tested in Sweden and involves the infusion of 20-40 IU of FVIII per kg body weight on alternate days (minimum three times per week) for haemophilia A cases, and 20-40 IU kg(-1) of FIX twice weekly for haemophilia B cases. This protocol is, however, demanding on peripheral veins and very expensive. Modifications of the parent protocol such as starting primary prophylaxis with once-weekly infusions via peripheral veins with rapid escalation to full-dose prophylaxis or dose escalation based on frequency of bleeding are increasingly implemented in haemophilia treatment centres in countries that can afford the high cost of such programmes. These modified programmes can be achieved in the majority of young children with severe haemophilia without the need for central venous access devices (e.g. Port-a-Caths) and with avoidance of device-associated complications such as infection and thrombosis. In at least one centre, experience with arteriovenous fistulae as a strategy to ensure reliable venous access is being accumulated. The issues of compliance (adherence) to recommended prophylaxis protocols and when, if ever, to stop a programme of primary prophylaxis once started are real and require ongoing prospective studies. Such studies should incorporate outcome measures such as health-related quality-of-life and economic analyses.
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Blomqvist, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Cholecystectomy in Sweden 1989 and 1994: Long admissions assessed by the inpatient registry
- 2000
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0895-4356. ; 53:11, s. 1174-1180
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to compare cholecystectomy in Sweden (pop. 8.9 million) 1989 to 1994 when the diffusion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) was completed, focusing on long hospital admissions as a proxy indicator of adverse events. This was
|
|
| 46. |
- Caines, Peter E., et al.
(författare)
-
Prediction Error Estimators : Asymptotic Normality and Accuracy
- 1976
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1976 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control including the 15th Symposium on Adaptive Processes. ; , s. 652-658
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper the asymptotic normality of a large class of prediction error estimators is established. (Prediction error identification methods were introduced in [1] and further developed in [2] and [3].) The observed processes in this paper are assumed to be stationary and ergodic and the parameterized process models are taken to be non-linear regression models. In the gaussian case the results presented in this paper constitute substantial generalizations of previous results concerning the asymptotic normality of maximum likelihood estimators for (i) processes of independent random variables [9,4] and (ii) Markov processes [5]; these results also generalize previous results on the asymptotic normality of least squares estimators for autoregressive moving average processes [6,7]. The asymptotic normality theorem gives formulae for the covariances of the asymptotic distributions of the parameter estimation errors arising from the specified class of prediction error identification methods. Employing these formulae it is demonstrated that the prediction error method using the determinant of the residual error covariance matrix as loss function is asymptotically efficient with respect to the specified class of prediction error estimators regardless of the distribution of the observed processes.
|
|
| 47. |
- Carlborg, E, et al.
(författare)
-
The Malmo model for immune tolerance induction: impact of previous treatment on outcome
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 6:6, s. 639-639
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ten patients, who had been treated according to the Malmo model for immune tolerance induction (ITI), were analysed regarding treatment with clotting factors and chemotherapy during the time period between inhibitor detection and ITI. Of the patients who were successfully rendered tolerant (n=6) all but one had received treatment with FVIII, either alone (n=1), or combined with cyclophosphamide (n=4). Of the patients who did not become tolerant, three of four had received treatment with FVIII during the inhibitor period but only one with FVIII and chemotherapy. The total amount of treatment received was in general much lower in the group that did not become tolerant. In individual cases, it appeared very clear that the inhibitor level and anamnestic response was substantially reduced prior to the ITI using the Malmo treatment model. We conclude that treatment of acute bleeds during the inhibitor period may be of importance for ITI and that the different response rates published for different immune tolerance regimens most likely do not reflect the true response rate for the respective regimen.
|
|
| 48. |
- Carlsson, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Improved cost-effectiveness by pharmacokinetic dosing of factor VIII in prophylactic treatment of haemophilia A
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Haemophilia. - 1351-8216. ; 3:2, s. 96-101
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of optimizing prophylactic dosing of factor VIII by the use of individual pharmacokinetic data. Twenty-one patients were enrolled in a randomized cross-over study on standard dosage regimens vs. dosing according to pharmacokinetic principles. The study period was 2 x 6 months. Using single-dose pharmacokinetic data for each patient, plasma factor VIII procoagulant activity (FVIII:C) curves following various doses and intervals were computer-simulated. From these calculations, a suitable dosage was chosen. FVIII:C was also repeatedly measured during study periods. Trough levels of FVIII:C, numbers of spontaneous joint bleedings and amounts of factor concentrate used during the two study periods were compared for each patient. There was a close correlation between predicted and measured values of FVIII:C. As the half-lives of FVIII:C in the patients varied from 7.8 to 18.3 h, it was obviously beneficial to base the dosage on individual pharmacokinetic data. Fourteen patients completed both study periods. Mean trough level of exogenous FVIII:C was raised from 0.89 (SD 0.73) U dL -1 during standard dosage to 2.2 (1.5) U dL -1 during pharmacokinetic dosage. Concomitantly, mean 6-month consumption of factor VIII was decreased from 124,000 (SD 30,000) units to 84,000 (31,000) units. Numbers of reported bleedings were generally similar during both periods. The study demonstrates the usefulness of individual pharmacokinetics as a tool for cost-effective utilization of factor VIII in the prophylactic treatment of haemophilia A.
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
- Delcoigne, B, et al.
(författare)
-
HOW DOES INSTANTANEOUS RA DISEASE ACTIVITY AFFECT THE SHORT-TERM RISK OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME? - A REGISTER-BASED STUDY
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 81, s. 549-550
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have a reduced life expectancy, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the most frequent cause of death. The mechanisms behind the increased CVD morbidity and mortality in RA are not fully understood. Systemic inflammation is an important contributor to the accelerated arteriosclerosis in RA, and traditional risk factors for CVD are usually more prevalent in RA patients than in the general population. How much the current state of RA disease control impacts the short-term risk of CVD events remains unclear.ObjectivesTo estimate the short-term risks and relative risks of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with RA as a function of RA disease activity, with particular focus on remission.MethodsWe identified patients with RA from the clinical rheumatology registers (CRR) in Sweden (SE) and Norway (NO), and for these patients we retrieved all registered clinical rheumatology visits from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2020. At each visit, we assessed whether the patient was in remission or not according to multiple definitions including DAS28, ACR criteria, and SDAI. We also categorised the disease activity at each visit into categories (remission, low, moderate and high) using DAS28-ESR. Patients had to be free of any history of ACS in a five-year look back window (assessed at the visit date), and were followed for 6 months from each visit date until ACS event (defined as hospitalization due to ACS or death due to either ACS or sudden death) or censoring (death due to other causes, migration, end of the study). We compared the risk of ACS between patients who were (vs. were not) in remission using Cox regression with robust standard errors (accounting for the correlated data structure), adjusted for covariates (including age at the visit, sex, number of previous treatment courses, use of prednisolone, the expanded risk score in RA (ERS-RA), and defined co-morbidities: diabetes, malignancy, respiratory failure, liver failure and kidney disease) and stratified by country.ResultsWe included 43,338 RA patients and their 223,197 visits (211,158 (SE), 12,039 (NO)). 74% of the visits were from women, with a mean age (SD) at visit of 62 (14) years. Several clinical characteristics including treatments and comorbidity history varied with disease activity (Table 1). By contrast, age, number of previous DMARDs, disease duration and smoking habits were relatively similar across categories of disease activity (Table 1).Table 1.Median [Q1-Q3] or percentage for clinical characteristics in remission (DAS28-ESR<=2.6) and high disease activity (DAS28-ESR>5.1) categoriesVariableRemissionHigh disease activityN (visits)91,49725,364Age, years65[53-72]63[53-72]Disease duration10[4-18]8[2-17]N treatment courses0[0-0]0[0-1]Prednisolon28%58%Tender joint count, 28-joints (TJC)0[0-0]10[6-14]Swollen joint count, 28-joints (SJC)0[0-0]7[4-10]Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR10[6-18]28[15-47]C-reactive protein (CRP)3[1-4]14[5-32]Patient global assessment, PGA13[4-27]70[55-82]Pain12[4-27]70[55-82]ERS-RA8[3-16]12[5-23]Ischemic heart disease6%7%Diabetes9%13%Hypertension39%42%Hyperlipidemia23%25%Ever smoking45%50%We observed 598 ACS events (in 554 patients) during the 6-month follow-up window. Comparing patients not in remission to patients in remission, adjusting for the covariates described above, indicated that not being in remission increased the risk of ACS occurrence (Figure 1). Similarly, there was an association between DAS28-ESR at the visit and the risk of ACS during the coming six months.Figure 1.Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) comparing patients not in remission to patients in remission, using several remission definitions. Percentage of visits with an ACS event within 6 months (bottom panel).ConclusionBeing in RA remission at any visit is associated with a noticeably lower risk of ACS during the following months, suggesting that RA disease activity not only affects CVD risk in the longer term but also in the short term.AcknowledgementsNordForsk and Foreum partially funded this research project.Disclosure of InterestsBénédicte Delcoigne: None declared, Sella Aarrestad Provan: None declared, Eirik kristianslund: None declared, Johan Askling Grant/research support from: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sanofi, and UCB, Lotta Ljung: None declared.
|
|
