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- Marchini, G., et al.
(författare)
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The newborn infant is protected by an innate antimicrobial barrier : peptide antibiotics are present in the skin and vernix caseosa
- 2002
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133. ; 147:6, s. 1127-1134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Peptide antibiotics are part of the surface defences against microbial intruders. However, the presence and significance of these innate immune effectors in the skin barrier of the newborn infant have not yet been appreciated. Erythema toxicum neonatorum is an inflammatory skin reaction of unknown aetiology and significance, commonly present in the healthy newborn infant. Objectives As peptide antibiotics are upregulated in inflammatory skin disorders, we hypothesized that this also could be the case in erythema toxicum. We also investigated if the vernix caseosa, a cream-like white substance present on the skin of the infant at birth, might contribute to host defences. Methods The presence of the human antibacterial peptide LL-37 was investigated by immunohistochemistry and confocal imaging of skin biopsies from four 1-day-old infants with an erythema toxicum rash and four matched newborns without the rash. In addition, we analysed the expression of LL-37 and human beta defensin-1, an antibacterial peptide of epithelial origin, by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Finally, we screened for antibacterial components in vernix material obtained from six healthy newborns by inhibition zone assays. Results All biopsies from the lesions of erythema toxicum showed a dense, nodular infiltrate with numerous LL-37-expressing cells located in the dermal layer and a clear localization of the peptide within CD15-expressing neutrophils, EG2-expressing eosinophils and CD1a-expressing dendritic cells. LL-37 was also found to be located in CD1a-expressing Langerhans cells and a positive staining for the peptide was seen throughout the whole epidermal layer, both in infants with and without the rash. Skin samples from infants with the rash of erythema toxicum showed a constitutive expression of human 0 defensin-1, while the expression of LL-37 seemed to be induced. Furthermore, LL-37 and lysozyme were detected in the protein fractions derived from the vernix caseosa, and these fractions exhibited a clear antibacterial activity. Conclusions Peptide antibiotics are present in the vernix caseosa and in the skin of the healthy newborn infant, indicating effective innate immune protection already during fetal and neonatal life.
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- Andersch-Björkman, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of brodalumab on psoriasis and depressive symptoms in patients with insufficient response to TNF-α inhibitors
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Dermatology. - : WILEY. - 0385-2407 .- 1346-8138. ; 50:11, s. 1401-1414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to evaluate emotions of depression and anxiety in psoriatic patients that due to insufficient response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibition (TNF-alpha), underwent a treatment switch from TNF-alpha to interleukin 17 inhibition using brodalumab. The Self-rated Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to assess depression and anxiety. A total of 20 patients with psoriasis were enrolled in the study. They were monitored for a period of 3 months following the transition to brodalumab treatment. The results showed a significant improvement in both the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index as well as symptoms of depression; anxiety symptoms showed a reduction, though not statistically significant. Perhaps of more interest, the positive effects on depression and anxiety seem to be independent of the reduction in skin related psoriatic lesions. These findings highlight the importance of addressing depressive and anxiety symptoms, together with psoriasis severity and quality of life, when managing patients with psoriasis.
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- Grip, L, et al.
(författare)
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Substance P alterations in skin and brain of chronically stressed atopic-like mice
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0926-9959 .- 1468-3083. ; 27:2, s. 199-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Stress is known to worsen the symptoms of atopic eczema (AE). Substance P is likely to play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of AE. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanObjective To examine a possible connection between chronic mild stress and changes in the expression of substance P and its receptor (R) neurokinin (NK) 1 in the skin and stress-related brain regions in NC/Nga atopic-like mice. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods The mice were divided into three groups (eight animals per group): SE (stressed eczematous), NSE (non-stressed eczematous) and SC (stressed control). Ears and brains of the mice were investigated using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults In the skin, there was a decrease in the number of substance P immunoreactive nerve fibres in SE compared with SC group. RT-PCR showed a strong tendency to an increase in mRNA for NK1R in the skin of SE compared with NSE mice. There was an increase in the number of mast cells and the degree of their degranulation in the SE compared with both other groups. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanA decrease in substance P immunoreactivity in medial hippocampus was found in SE compared with NSE animals. In prefrontal cortex and central amygdala, there were no significant differences in substance P immunoreactivity between the three groups. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusion Exposure to chronic mild stress in NC/Nga atopic-like mice may result in altered expression patterns of substance P in the skin and hippocampus.
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- Lonne-Rahm, S, et al.
(författare)
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Provocation with stress and electricity of patients with "sensitivity to electricity"
- 2000
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1076-2752. ; 42:5, s. 512-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-four patients with self-reported "sensitivity to electricity" were divided into two groups and tested in a double-blind provocation study. These patients, who reported increased skin symptoms when exposed to electromagnetic fields, were compared wi
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- Nordlind, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of chronic mild stress on skin and brain in the NC/Nga atopic-like mouse
- 2011
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY, vol 131 Issue S2 (September 2011). - : Nature Publishing Group. ; , s. S116-S116
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atopic eczema is often worsened by stress. We have studied the effect of chronic mild stress in the atopic-like NC/Nga mouse strain. The mice were subjected to chronic mild stress for 12 weeks and eczema was induced by applying a mite antigen (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) on the ears for the last 4 weeks. The mice were divided into stressed eczematous, non-stressed eczematousand stressed control groups. Serum corticosterone levels were determined at the endpoint of the experiment. The biopsies from skin and brain have been analyzed using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The diameter of the ears was larger in the stressed eczematous group compared to the other groups. Moreover, the corticosterone levels were significantly lower in the stressedeczematous group. The neuromediators being studied are serotonin, its transporter protein, as well as its receptors, and the tachykinin substance P and its receptor neurokinin-1.
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- Rasul, A, et al.
(författare)
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Serotonergic mechanisms in atopic eczema
- 2014
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY. - 0022-202X. ; 134, s. S15-S15
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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