| 1. |
- Wang, Anqi, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:12, s. 2065-2074
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.
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| 2. |
- Conti, David, V, et al.
(författare)
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Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 53:1, s. 65-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate cancer is a highly heritable disease with large disparities in incidence rates across ancestry populations. We conducted a multiancestry meta-analysis of prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (107,247 cases and 127,006 controls) and identified 86 new genetic risk variants independently associated with prostate cancer risk, bringing the total to 269 known risk variants. The top genetic risk score (GRS) decile was associated with odds ratios that ranged from 5.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.84-5.29) for men of European ancestry to 3.74 (95% CI, 3.36-4.17) for men of African ancestry. Men of African ancestry were estimated to have a mean GRS that was 2.18-times higher (95% CI, 2.14-2.22), and men of East Asian ancestry 0.73-times lower (95% CI, 0.71-0.76), than men of European ancestry. These findings support the role of germline variation contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk, with the GRS offering an approach for personalized risk prediction. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across different populations highlights new risk loci and provides a genetic risk score that can stratify prostate cancer risk across ancestries.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Yiga, Vianney Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Combustion, kinetics and thermodynamic characteristics of rice husks and rice husk-biocomposites using thermogravimetric analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry (Print). - : Springer Nature. - 1388-6150 .- 1588-2926. ; 148:21, s. 11435-11454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pyrolysis of rice husk (RH), alkali-treated cellulose-rich rice husk (RHC), chemically modified RHC (RHCM) and RH-biocomposites by thermogravimetric analysis was carried out to determine combustion and kinetic parameters at three different heating rates of 20, 40 and 50 degrees C min-1. Combustion performance was analyzed from results of ignition temperature, burnout temperature, combustion rates, flammability index and combustion characteristic index. Increase in heating rate from 20 to 40 and further to 50 degrees C min-1 increased the onset of degradation, burnout and peak temperatures as observed by curve shifts to the right. Maximum combustion rates were around 0.57-0.59% min-1, 1.03% min-1 and 0.63-0.69% min-1 for RH, RHC and RHCM, respectively. For the RH-biocomposites, the maximum combustion rates were in a 0.76-0.97% min-1 range. Their average pre-exponential factors using KAS method were in the 2.24E-03-8.07E-03 range, respectively, while those for OFW method were in the 7.75E + 04-4.55E + 06 range, respectively. Average activation energies of RH-biocomposites were in the 41.0-58.2 kJ mol-1 and 48.3-67.7 kJ mol-1 ranges for KAS and OFW methods, respectively. The data were well fitting with coefficient of determination (R2) values close to 1. Average Delta G value ranges for RH-biocomposites ranged between 148.2 and 161.7 kJ mol-1. The low-energy barrier (<= 5.4 kJ mol-1) between activation energy and enthalpy changes indicated that reaction initiation occurs easily.
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| 5. |
- Yiga, Vianney Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Pyrolysis, kinetics and thermodynamic analyses of rice husks/clay fiber-reinforced polylactic acid composites using thermogravimetric analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry (Print). - : Springer Nature. - 1388-6150 .- 1588-2926. ; 148:9, s. 3457-3477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the context of processing, utilization and disposal of polylactic acid composites, pyrolysis is a promising technique that addresses this complex synergy. In this work, pyrolysis kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of rice husks/clay fiber-reinforced PLA composites were investigated using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) and Ozawa–Flynn–Wall (OFW) at multiple heating rates (16, 25 and 34 °C min−1). PLA composites’ pyrolysis followed a single-step degradation process. The flammability indices, combustion characteristic indices and mean reactivities obtained for the PLA composites are much lower than those for neat PLA (2.00 × 10−5–2.44 × 10−5% min−1 °C−2, 0.87 × 10−8–1.79 × 10−8% min−2 °C−3 and 6.97 × 10−3–8.04 × 10−3% min−1 °C−1, respectively) which signals that rice husks and clay improved flame retardancy of accruing PLA composites. The average activation energy values obtained from the KAS method were found to be in ranges 137.83–143.99 kJ mol−1 and 124.51–133.95 kJ mol−1 for raw and modified rice husks/clay fiber-reinforced PLA composites, respectively. Corresponding activation energies for raw and modified rice husks/clay fiber-reinforced PLA composites from the OFW method were 141.24–146.92 kJ mol−1 and 128.17–137.50 kJ mol−1, respectively. By comparing activation energy and enthalpy, it was found that the composites were favored to format activated complex due to the low energy barrier.
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