| 1. |
- Bergwik, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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A novel quinoline with airway relaxant effects and anti-inflammatory properties
- 2024
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Ingår i: Respiratory Research. - 1465-9921 .- 1465-993X. ; 25:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In chronic pulmonary diseases characterized by inflammation and airway obstruction, such as asthma and COPD, there are unmet needs for improved treatment. Quinolines is a group of small heterocyclic compounds that have a broad range of pharmacological properties. Here, we investigated the airway relaxant and anti-inflammatory properties of a novel quinoline (RCD405). Methods: The airway relaxant effect of RCD405 was examined in isolated airways from humans, dogs, rats and mice. Murine models of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma and LPS-induced airway inflammation were used to study the effects in vivo. RCD405 (10 mg/kg) or, for comparisons in selected studies, budesonide (3 mg/kg), were administered intratracheally 1 h prior to each challenge. Airway responsiveness was determined using methacholine provocation. Immune cell recruitment to bronchi was measured using flow cytometry and histological analyses were applied to investigate cell influx and goblet cell hyperplasia of the airways. Furthermore, production of cytokines and chemokines was measured using a multiplex immunoassay. The expression levels of asthma-related genes in murine lung tissue were determined by PCR. The involvement of NF-κB and metabolic activity was measured in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Results: RCD405 demonstrated a relaxant effect on carbachol precontracted airways in all four species investigated (potency ranking: human = rat > dog = mouse). The OVA-specific IgE and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were significantly reduced by intratracheal treatment with RCD405, while no significant changes were observed for budesonide. In addition, administration of RCD405 to mice significantly decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as recruitment of immune cells to the lungs in both OVA- and LPS-induced airway inflammation, with a similar effect as for budesonide (in the OVA-model). However, the effect on gene expression of Il-4, IL-5 and Il-13 was more pronounced for RCD405 as compared to budesonide. Finally, in vitro, RCD405 reduced the LPS-induced NF-κB activation and by itself reduced cellular metabolism. Conclusions: RCD405 has airway relaxant effects, and it reduces AHR as well as airway inflammation in the models used, suggesting that it could be a clinically relevant compound to treat inflammatory airway diseases. Possible targets of this compound are complexes of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in decreased metabolic activity of targeted cells as well as through pathways associated to NF-κB. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the mode of action.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Camuz, Soner, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Tolerance analysis of surface-to-surface contacts using finite element analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 75, s. 250-255
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accuracy of a cutting tool is dependent on the surface-to-surface contact between the tool body and the insert. Depending on the application, the forces generated during a cutting operation will change in both magnitude and direction. This will alter the contact locations between the tool body and carbide insert thus affecting on both tool life and key characteristics such as cutting performance and productivity. In this article, a methodology is presented to analyse contact variation in the interface between the tool body and the carbide insert. Results presented in this paper can be used for tolerance allocation of surface-to-surface contacts.
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| 4. |
- Devotta, Ashwin Moris, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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A modified Johnson-Cook model for ferritic-pearlitic steel in dynamic strain aging regime
- 2019
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Ingår i: Metals. - : MDPI. - 2075-4701. ; 9:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the flow stress behavior of ferritic-pearlitic steel (C45E steel) is investigated through isothermal compression testing at different strain rates (1 s-1, 5 s-1, and 60 s-1) and temperatures ranging from 200 to 700 °C. The stress-strain curves obtained from experimental testing were post-processed to obtain true stress-true plastic strain curves. To fit the experimental data to well-known material models, Johnson-Cook (J-C) model was investigated and found to have a poor fit. Analysis of the flow stress as a function of temperature and strain rate showed that among other deformation mechanisms dynamic strain aging mechanism was active between the temperature range 200 and 400 °C for varying strain rates and J-C model is unable to capture this phenomenon. This lead to the need to modify the J-C model for the material under investigation. Therefore, the original J-C model parameters A, B and n are modified using the polynomial equation to capture its dependence on temperature and strain rate. The results show the ability of the modified J-C model to describe the flow behavior satisfactorily while dynamic strain aging was operative. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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| 5. |
- Eynian, Mahdi, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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New methods for in-process identification of modal parameters in milling
- 2018
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier. - 2212-8271 .- 2212-8271. ; 77, s. 469-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chatter vibrations encountered in machining can degrade surface finish and damage the machining hardware. Since chatter originates from unstable interaction of the machining process and the machining structure, information about vibration parameters of the machining structure should be used to predict combinations of cutting parameters that allow stable machining. While modal test methods, for example those with impact hammers, are widely used to identify structural parameters; the need for sophisticated test equipment is prohibitive in their use. Furthermore, dynamic properties of critical components of a machine tool may change as they get affected by cutting loads, material removal and spindle rotation. Recently few algorithms have been proposed that identify the in-process dynamic parameters by frequency measurements, thus avoiding these problems. In this paper, some of these algorithms are reviewed and their capabilities and limitations in processing am experimental data set are compared and discussed. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 6. |
- Ho, Quan, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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A Web-Enabled Visualization Toolkit for Geovisual Analytics
- 2012
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Ingår i: Information Visualization. - : Sage Publications. - 1473-8716 .- 1473-8724. ; 11:1, s. 22-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A framework and class library (GAV Flash) implemented in Adobe’s ActionScript is introduced, designed with the intention to significantly shorten the time and effort needed to develop customized web-enabled applications for geovisual analytics tasks. Through an atomic layered component architecture, GAV Flash provides a collection of interactive geo- and information visualization representations for exploring high dimensional spaces and extended with motion behavior. Versatile interaction methods are drawn from many data visualization research areas and optimized for dynamic web visualization of spatio-temporal and multivariate data. Based on layered component thinking and the use of programming interface mechanism the GAV Flash architecture is open and facilitates the creation of new or improved versions of existing components so that ideas can be tried out or optimized rapidly in a fully functional environment. Not only is GAV Flash a tool for interactive visualization but also supports storytelling around visual analytics in which visual representations not only serve as a discovery tool for individuals but also as a mean to share stories among users fostering a social style of collaborative data analysis. A mechanism “snapshot” for saving the explorative results of a reasoning process is introduced that aids collaboration and publication of gained insight and knowledge embedded as dynamic visualizations in blogs or web pages with associative metadata or “storytelling”.
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| 7. |
- Ho, Quan, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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A Web-Enabled Visualization Toolkit for Geovisual Analytics
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering. - SPIE, Bellingham WA, ETATS-UNIS : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. - 9780819484055 ; , s. 78680R-78680R-12
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a framework and class library (GAV Flash) implemented in Adobe’s ActionScript, designed with the intention to significantly shorten the time and effort needed to develop customized web-enabled applications for visual analytics or geovisual analytics tasks. Through an atomic layered component architecture, GAV Flash provides a collection of common geo- and information visualization representations extended with motion behavior including scatter matrix, extended parallel coordinates, table lens, choropleth map and treemap, integrated in a multiple, time-linked layout. Versatile interaction methods are drawn from many data visualization research areas and optimized for dynamic web visualization of spatio-temporal and multivariate data. Based on layered component thinking and the use of programming interface mechanism the GAV Flash architecture is open and facilitates the creation of new or improved versions of existing components so that ideas can be tried out or optimized rapidly in a fully functional environment. Following the Visual Analytics mantra, a mechanism “snapshot” for saving the explorative results of a reasoning process is developed that aids collaboration and publication of gained insight and knowledge embedded as dynamic visualizations in blogs or web pages with associative metadata or “storytelling”.
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| 8. |
- Ho, Quan, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Geovisual analytics framework integrated with storytelling applied to HTML5
- 2013
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Ingår i: The 16th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper considers how the integration between visualization and storytelling can make statistical findings more comprehensible and accessible to the general public. Traditional practices for geovisual analytics methods applied to official statistics require tools for greater user participation and an improved user experience. The approach set out in this paper allows the analyst (the author) to communicate with interested readers through visual discoveries captured in snapshots with descriptive text. The paper introduces HTML5 based geovisual analytics tools that facilitate storytelling aimed at producing statistical news content in support of an automatic authoring process. The author simply presses a button to publish the knowledge gained from a visual interactive discovery process within an interactive web context that could more engagingly draw the user into reflections and sometimes change a perspective altogether.Keywords: Geovisual analytics, storytelling, HTML5
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| 9. |
- Jern, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Geovisual Analytics Tools for Communicating Emergency and Early Warning
- 2010
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Ingår i: Geographic Information and Cartography for Risk and Crisis Management. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642034411 - 9783642034428
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The large and ever-increasing amounts of multi-dimensional, multi-source, time-varying and geospatial digital information represent a major challenge for the analyst. The need to analyse and make decisions based on these information streams, often in time-critical situations, demands efficient, integrated and interactive tools that aid the user to explore, present and communicate visually large information spaces. This approach has been encapsulated in the idea of Geovisual Analytics, an emerging interdisciplinary field based on the principles from Visual Analytics that facilitates analytical reasoning and decision making through integrated and highly interactive visual interfaces and creative visualization of complex and dynamic data. Geovisual analytics supports geo-information for emergency and early warning systems through a science that augments analyst and decision-maker capabilities to assimilate complex situations and reach informed decisions. Geovisual analytics originates from geovisualization and information visualization but also growing particularly on a high degree of synergy from scientific visualization. In this context, we introduce a web-enabled toolkit GeoAnalytics Visualization (GAV) and associate demonstrators developed in close collaboration with SMHI and OECD, composed of GAV components facilitating a broad collection of dynamic visualization methods integrated with the Adobe© Flash© and Flex©development platform. We also seek to support collaborative knowledge sharing.
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| 10. |
- Jonsson Eskelin, John, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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From MEG to clinical EEG: evaluating a promising non-invasive estimator of defense-related muscle sympathetic nerve inhibition
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sudden, unexpected stimuli can induce a transient inhibition of sympathetic vasoconstriction to skeletal muscle, indicating a link to defense reactions. This phenomenon is relatively stable within, but differs between, individuals. It correlates with blood pressure reactivity which is associated with cardiovascular risk. Inhibition of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) is currently characterized through invasive microneurography in peripheral nerves. We recently reported that brain neural oscillatory power in the beta spectrum (beta rebound) recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG) correlated closely with stimulus-induced MSNA inhibition. Aiming for a clinically more available surrogate variable reflecting MSNA inhibition, we investigated whether a similar approach with electroencephalography (EEG) can accurately gauge stimulus-induced beta rebound. We found that beta rebound shows similar tendencies to correlate with MSNA inhibition, but these EEG data lack the robustness of previous MEG results, although a correlation in the low beta band (13-20 Hz) to MSNA inhibition was found (p = 0.021). The predictive power is summarized in a receiver-operating-characteristics curve. The optimum threshold yielded sensitivity and false-positive rate of 0.74 and 0.33 respectively. A plausible confounder is myogenic noise. A more complicated experimental and/or analysis approach is required for differentiating MSNA-inhibitors from non-inhibitors based on EEG, as compared to MEG.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Linde, Mattias, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Sumatriptan (5-HT1B/1D-agonist) causes a transient allodynia.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache. - : SAGE Publications. - 0333-1024. ; 24:12, s. 1057-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unpleasant sensory symptoms are commonly reported in association with the use of 5-HT1B/1D-agonists, i.e. triptans. In particular, pain/pressure symptoms from the chest and neck have restricted the use of triptans in the acute treatment of migraine. The cause of these triptan induced side-effects is still unidentified. We have now tested the hypothesis that sumatriptan influences the perception of tactile and thermal stimuli in humans in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Two groups were tested; one consisted of 12 (mean age 41.2 years, 10 women) subjects with migraine and a history of cutaneous allodynia in association with sumatriptan treatment. Twelve healthy subjects (mean age 38.7 years, 10 women) without migraine served as control group. During pain- and medication-free intervals tactile directional sensibility, perception of dynamic touch (brush) and thermal sensory and pain thresholds were studied on the dorsal side of the left hand. Measurements were performed before, 20, and 40 min after injection of 6 mg sumatriptan or saline. Twenty minutes after injection, sumatriptan caused a significant placebo-subtracted increase in brush-evoked feeling of unpleasantness in both groups (P < 0.01), an increase in brush-evoked pain in migraineurs only (P = 0.021), a reduction of heat pain threshold in all participants pooled (P = 0.031), and a reduction of cold pain threshold in controls only (P = 0.013). At 40 min after injection, no differences remained significant. There were no changes in ratings of brush intensity, tactile directional sensibility or cold or warm sensation thresholds. Thus, sumatriptan may cause a short-lasting allodynia in response to light dynamic touch and a reduction of heat and cold pain thresholds. This could explain at least some of the temporary sensory side-effects of triptans and warrants consideration in the interpretation of studies on migraine-induced allodynia.
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| 13. |
- Lindgren, Lars-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Machining simulations and their use in industry
- 2005
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Ingår i: VIII International Conference on Computational Plasticity. - : International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE). ; , s. 335-338
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machining simulations is a challenge both with respect to demands on robust numerical methods as well as modelling issues. The paper outlines some of the challenges but also current use of simulations at Sandvik Coromant.
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| 14. |
- Lindgren, Lars-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Towards predictive simulations of machining
- 2016
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Ingår i: Comptes rendus. Mecanique. - : Elsevier BV. - 1631-0721 .- 1873-7234. ; 344:4-5, s. 284-295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machining simulations are challenging with respect to both numerical issues and physical phenomena occurring during machining. The latter are mainly related to the description of the bulk material behaviour (plasticity) and surface properties (friction and wear). The aim of this paper is to present what is required for predictive models, depending on their scopes, as well as the needed developments for the future. The paper includes a short review of selected works that are relevant for this purpose as well as conclusions based on our own experience
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| 15. |
- Lundblad, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Monozygotic Twins Identical at Rest but Not During Arousal
- 2017
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Ingår i: Hypertension. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0194-911X .- 1524-4563. ; 69:5, s. 964-969
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microneurographic recordings of human muscle sympathetic nerve activity responses to sudden sensory stimuli (ie, arousal) have revealed 2 intraindividually reproducible response profiles in healthy young males that predict different neural and blood pressure responses to more sustained stress. Approximately 50% of subjects inhibit muscle sympathetic nerve activity during arousal, whereas the remaining 50% do not, and the latter group displays a markedly greater blood pressure increase in response to arousal, as well as during and after 3 minutes of mental arithmetic. Studying a group of monozygotic twins (10 pairs, 2 excluded from analysis), the aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of genetic determination of these sympathetic response profiles. Muscle sympathetic burst incidence at rest was similar in twins, with a within-pair burst incidence ratio of 0.87 +/- 0.02 (SEM) compared with 0.73 +/- 0.07 found in unrelated pairs (P= 0.002), confirming a previous study from our laboratory. In contrast, the sympathetic responses to arousal showed large twin within-pair variance (arousal inhibition ratio 0.56 +/- 0.11), which did not significantly differ (P= 0.939) from the variance in pairs of unrelated subjects (0.46 +/- 0.11). The finding that human muscle sympathetic nerve responses to arousal are less determined by genotype than the resting level of corresponding sympathetic nerve activity suggests that the arousal response pattern is more prone to be altered by environmental factors. This raises the possibility that these intraindividually reproducible sympathetic neural response profiles can be modified in a positive direction from a cardiovascular risk perspective.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Lundblad, Patrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Applied Geovisual Analytics and Storytelling
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 'Geovisual Analytics' represents a cross-disciplinary research that looks for innovative methods to interactively visualize and solve large spatio-temporal related visualization problems for multivariate data through a visual discovery, reasoning and collaborative process. The name emphasizes the link with the well-known research discipline of Visual Analytics and could be viewed as sub-area with its specific focus on space and time posing specific research problems.This thesis focuses on the design, implementation and evaluation of interactive analytical spatio-temporal and multivariate representations demonstrated in several application scenarios which contributes to our understanding of how technology, people and spatial representations of information work effectively together. Data are analysed through the use of coordinated and time-linked views controlled by a time slider. Trends are detected through several visual representations simultaneously, each of which is best suited to highlight different patterns and can help stimulate the analytical visual thinking process so characteristic for geovisual analytics reasoning. Interactive features include tooltips, brushing, highlight, visual inquiry, and conditioned statistics filter mechanisms that can discover outliers and simultaneously update all views.To support knowledge capture and the communication and publishing of gained insights from the data exploration process, a visual storytelling concept with snapshots is introduced where the author can capture the visual data exploration process and share it. Snapshots are memorized interactive visualization views that are captured and later on recreated, so that the reader of the story can see the same mental interactive scenario as the author of the story. These snapshots are then part of a story where the author writes an explanatory text and uses the snapshots to highlight key words. These highlights will allow the reader to recreate the data views used by the author and will guide the reader to the visual discoveries made.The contributions of this thesis are divided into two parts, where the first part includes applications based on geovisual analytics methods for exploring complex weather data and finding patterns and relationships within the data. Earlier, the use of data visualization has been very limited and the introduction of geovisual analytics and the techniques used have significantly improved the visual analysis process as well as increased the flexibility. The results of this research are today used by SMHI to improve optimization and safety of voyages and monitoring of the weather along Swedish roads. Formative evaluations were performed with domain analysts with the purpose to explore qualitative usability issues with respect to visual representations and interactive representation.Furthermore, this thesis contributes with a visual storytelling approach which aims at giving domain experts novel methods for capturing and sharing information discoveries in a way that the reader can follow the process of visual exploration. This approach has been tested and verified within the domain of public statistics, where national and regional statistics is published to the public through the use of embedded interactive visualizations and a story that can engage the reader. The concept of visual storytelling has also been introduced to educators, where stories are used as interactive teaching material for students to make national and regional statistics interactive and visually understandable to the students. It will also challenge the students to investigate new theories and then communicate them visually.
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| 19. |
- Lundblad, Patrik, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Road Weather Visualization
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference Information Visualisation (IV), 2010. - : IEEE. - 9781424478460 ; , s. 313-321
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The large and ever-increasing amounts of time-varying and geospatial digital weather information related to emergency scenarios that must be accessible to the public represent a major research challenge. A need to analyze and make decisions, often in time-critical situations, demand interactive web-enabled visualization tools that can aid the user to explore, communicate and publish visually large geo-information spaces. Geovisual analytics is an emerging research task facilitating dynamic time-linked visual representations that enable the users to simultaneously analyse relations among several different attributes with the aim to augment an analyst and decision-maker capabilities to assimilate complex situations and reach important knowledge. In this context, we introduce a web-enabled application for road weather visualization, a tool for analyzing and communicating information about road weather conditions particularly during the Swedish winter months. RoadVis is customized in close collaboration with domain experts from Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) and the Swedish road administration facilitating a collection of dynamic map, weather and information visualization methods integrated with the Adobe© Flash© and Flex© development platform.
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| 20. |
- Lundblad, Patrik, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Visual Storytelling in Education Applied to Spatial-Temporal Multivariate Statistics Data
- 2012
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Ingår i: Expanding the Frontiers of Visual Analytics and Visualization. - London : Springer London. - 9781447128038 - 9781447128045 ; , s. 175-193
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper focuses on an ancient social ritual: “visual storytelling”—exemplified through telling stories about a country’s development over time that shape its economic growth and well-being. Discoveries are made that draw the user into reflecting on how life is lived—and may be improved—from one region to another. In addition, the user can interactively participate in the web-based process which is important to the education and dissemination of public statistics. A toolkit GAV Flash (geoanalytics visualization) is constructed which is programmed in Adobe’s ActionScript. This is the basis for the statistics information visualization application “World eXplorer”. This uses integrated storytelling and is based on multiple linked views and an integrated database link to the public World dataBank. This has more than 400 performance indicators for the time period 1960–2010. An interactive visual story mechanism assists teachers to improve a student’s knowledge through reflections on how life is lived by using a variety of demographics, such as healthcare, environment, and educational and economic indicators. Educators can develop interactive teaching material based on this storytelling mechanism. Integrated snapshots can be captured at any time during an explorative data analysis process and they become an important component of the analytical reasoning process. Students can access geovisual applications and explore statistical relations on their own guided by the stories prepared by the teachers. With the associated science of perception and cognition in relation to the use of multivariate spatio-temporal statistical data, this paper contributes to the growing interest in geovisual statistics analytics in education.
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| 21. |
- Lundblad, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Voyage Analysis Applied to Geovisual Analytics
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Information Visualisation. - Los Alamitos : IEEE Society Press. - 9780769532684 ; , s. 381-388
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper demonstrates the synergy of common InfoVis and GeoVis interaction techniques and the logistic application domain demonstrated in the customized visualize performance data (VISPER) application. In VISPER multi-dimensional, multi-source, time-varying and geospatial digital information from voyage analysis is represented to facilitate decision-making. Using common InfoVis components for multivariate data together with logistics visualization in a new synergy aids the users in their work examining ship and route performance. An evaluation of the usability was performed to gather insights for future development. The results from the evaluation show that the overall impression of VISPER was highly positive and participants enjoyed using it. Feedback obtained was highly valuable and directly applicable for improvements and further development.
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| 22. |
- Löken, Line Sofie, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Tactile direction discrimination and vibration detection in diabetic neuropathy.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 121:5, s. 302-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Löken LS, Lundblad LC, Elam M, Olausson HW. Tactile direction discrimination and vibration detection in diabetic neuropathy. Acta Neurol Scand: DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2009.01282.x. (c) 2009 The Authors Journal compilation (c) 2009 Blackwell Munksgaard.Objective - To evaluate the clinical usefulness of quantitative testing of tactile direction discrimination (TDD) in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Materials and methods - TDD and vibration detection were examined on the dorsum of the feet in 43 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and clinical signs and symptoms indicating mild neuropathy, and abnormal results for neurography, temperature detection, or heart rate variability. Test-retest examination of TDD was performed in nine of the patients. Results - Twenty-six of the patients had abnormal TDD (sensitivity 0.60) and 20 had abnormal vibration detection (sensitivity 0.46). Ten of the patients had abnormal TDD and normal vibration detection. Four of the patients had abnormal vibration detection and normal TDD. Test-retest examination of TDD showed a high degree of reproducibility (r = 0.87). Conclusion - TDD seems more useful than vibration detection in examination of diabetic neuropathy.
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| 23. |
- Magnevall, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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High Frequency Measurements of Cutting Forces in Milling by Inverse Filtering
- 2012
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Ingår i: Machining science and technology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1091-0344 .- 1532-2483. ; 16:4, s. 487-500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate estimates of cutting forces are important in the evaluation of different cutting tool geometries and concepts. However, dynamic influences from the measurement system affect the result, which can make the obtained cutting force data erroneous and misleading. This article presents a method to obtain an inverse filter which compensates for the dynamic influences of the measurement system. Using this approach, unwanted dynamic effects of the measurement system can be counteracted, making it possible to retain information related to the cutting forces contained in the high frequency region. The advantage of the proposed method is illustrated by comparing simulated, inverse- and low-pass filtered forces to unfiltered forces under different cutting conditions. The results show that inverse filtering increases the usable frequency range of the force dynamometer and thereby provide more reliable results compared to both low-pass and unfiltered forces.
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| 24. |
- Riaz, Bushra, et al.
(författare)
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Brain structural and functional correlates to defense-related inhibition of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in man
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An individual's blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stress is linked to increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, inter- and intra-individual BP variability makes understanding the coupling between stress, BP reactivity, and long-term outcomes challenging. Previous microneurographic studies of sympathetic signaling to muscle vasculature (i.e. muscle sympathetic nerve activity, MSNA) have established a neural predictor for an individual's BP reactivity during short-lasting stress. Unfortunately, this method is invasive, technically demanding, and time-consuming and thus not optimal for widespread use. Potential central nervous system correlates have not been investigated. We used MagnetoEncephaloGraphy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging to search for neural correlates to sympathetic response profiles within the central autonomic network and sensorimotor (Rolandic) regions in 20 healthy young males. The main correlates include (a) Rolandic beta rebound and an anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) response elicited by sudden stimulation and (b) cortical thickness in the ACC. Our findings highlight the involvement of the ACC in reactions to stress entailing peripheral sympathetic responses to environmental stimuli. The Rolandic response furthermore indicates a surprisingly strong link between somatosensory and autonomic processes. Our results thus demonstrate the potential in using non-invasive neuroimaging-based measures of stress-related MSNA reactions, previously assessed only using invasive microneurography.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Vaz, Miguel, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling and simulation of machining processes
- 2007
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Ingår i: Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1134-3060 .- 1886-1784. ; 14:2, s. 173-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The modelling of metal cutting has proved to be particularly complex due to the diversity of physical phenomena involved, including thermo-mechanical coupling, contact/friction and material failure. The present work outlines the wide range of complex physical phenomena involved in the chip formation in a descriptive manner. In order to improve and understand the process different numerical strategies have been used for simulation. Several of these numerical strategies are reviewed and a short discussion of their relative merits and drawbacks is presented. By means of several examples, where a combined experimental/numerical effort was undertaken, we try to illustrate what numerical techniques, models and pertinent parameters are needed for successful simulations.
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| 27. |
- Völz, Sebastian, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Unaltered neurocardiovascular reactions to mental stress after renal sympathetic denervation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Hypertension. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1064-1963 .- 1525-6006. ; 42:2, s. 160-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The impact of renal denervation (RDN) on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest remains controversial. Mental stress (MS) induces transient changes in sympathetic nerve activity, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). It is not known whether RDN modifies these changes. Purpose: The main objective was to assess the effect of RDN on MSNA and BP alterations during MS. Methods: In 14 patients (11 included in analysis) with resistant hypertension multi-unit MSNA, BP (Finometer (R)) and HR were assessed at rest and during forced arithmetics at baseline and 6 months after RDN. Results: Systolic office BP decreased significantly 6 months after RDN (185 +/- 29 vs.175 +/- 33 mmHG; p = 0.04). No significant changes in MSNA at rest (68 +/- 5 vs 73 +/- 5 bursts/100hb; p = 0.43) were noted and no significant stress-induced change in group averaged sympathetic activity was found pre- (101 +/- 24%; p = 0.9) or post-intervention (108 +/- 26%; p = 0.37). Stress was associated with significant increases in mean arterial BP (p < 0.01) and HR (p < 0.01) at baseline, reactions which remained unaltered after intervention. We did not note any correlation between sympathetic nerve activity and BP changes after RDN. Conclusion: Thus, in our group of resistant hypertensives we find no support for the hypothesis that the BP-lowering effect of RDN depends on altered neurovascular responses to stress.
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