| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Erni, W., et al.
(författare)
-
Technical design report for the PANDA (AntiProton Annihilations at Darmstadt) Straw Tube Tracker
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 49:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This document describes the technical layout and the expected performance of the Straw Tube Tracker (STT), the main tracking detector of the PANDA target spectrometer. The STT encloses a Micro-Vertex-Detector (MVD) for the inner tracking and is followed in beam direction by a set of GEM stations. The tasks of the STT are the measurement of the particle momentum from the reconstructed trajectory and the measurement of the specific energy loss for a particle identification. Dedicated simulations with full analysis studies of certain proton-antiproton reactions, identified as being benchmark tests for the whole PANDA scientific program, have been performed to test the STT layout and performance. The results are presented, and the time lines to construct the STT are described.
|
|
| 3. |
- Singh, B. P., et al.
(författare)
-
Experimental access to Transition Distribution Amplitudes with the PANDA experiment at FAIR
- 2015
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 51:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Baryon-to-meson Transition Distribution Amplitudes (TDAs) encoding valuable new information on hadron structure appear as building blocks in the collinear factorized description for several types of hard exclusive reactions. In this paper, we address the possibility of accessing nucleon-to-pion (pi N) TDAs from (p) over barp -> e(+)e(-)pi(0) reaction with the future PANDA detector at the FAIR facility. At high center-of-mass energy and high invariant mass squared of the lepton pair q(2), the amplitude of the signal channel (p) over barp -> e(+)e(-)pi(0) admits a QCD factorized description in terms of pi N TDAs and nucleon Distribution Amplitudes (DAs) in the forward aid backward kinematic regimes. Assuming the validity of this factorized description, we perform feasibility studies for measuring (p) over barp -> e(+)e(-)pi(0) with the PANDA detector. Detailed simulations on signal reconstruction efficiency as well as on rejection of the most severe background channel, i.e. (p) over barp -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) were performed for the center-of-mass energy squared s = 5 GeV2 and s = 10 GeV2, in the kinematic regions 3.0 < q(2) < 4.3 GeV2 and 5 < q(2) < 9 GeV2, respectively, with a neutral pion scattered in the forward or backward cone vertical bar cos theta(pi 0)vertical bar > 0.5 in the proton-antiproton center-of-mass frame. Results of the simulation show that the particle identification capabilities of the PANDA detector will allow to achieve a background rejection factor of 5 . 10(7) (1 . 10(7)) at low (high) q(2) for s = 5 GeV2, and of 1 . 10(8) (6 . 10(6)) at low (high) q(2) for s = 10 GeV2, while keeping the signal reconstruction efficiency at around 40%. At both energies, a clean lepton signal can be reconstructed with the expected statistics corresponding to 2 of integrated luminosity. The cross sections obtained from the simulations are used to show that a test of QCD collinear factorization can be done at the lowest order by measuring scaling laws and angular distributions. The future measurement of the signal channel cross section with PANDA will provide a new test of the perturbative QCD description of a novel class of hard exclusive reactions and will open the possibility of experimentally accessing pi N TDAs.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Adam, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Abstracts from Hydrocephalus 2016.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-8118. ; 14:Suppl 1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Saher, O, et al.
(författare)
-
Sugar and Polymer Excipients Enhance Uptake and Splice-Switching Activity of Peptide-Dendrimer/Lipid/Oligonucleotide Formulations
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Pharmaceutics. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4923. ; 11:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-viral transfection vectors are commonly used for oligonucleotide (ON) delivery but face many challenges before reaching the desired compartments inside cells. With the support of additional compounds, it might be more feasible for a vector to endure the barriers and achieve efficient delivery. In this report, we screened 18 different excipients and evaluated their effect on the performance of peptide dendrimer/lipid vector to deliver single-stranded, splice-switching ONs under serum conditions. Transfection efficiency was monitored in four different reporter cell lines by measuring splice-switching activity on RNA and protein levels. All reporter cell lines used had a mutated human β-globin intron 2 sequence interrupting the luciferase gene, which led to an aberrant splicing of luciferase pre-mRNA and subsidence of luciferase protein translation. In the HeLa Luc/705 reporter cell line (a cervical cancer cell line), the lead excipients (Polyvinyl derivatives) potentiated the splice-switching activity up to 95-fold, compared to untreated cells with no detected cytotoxicity. Physical characterization revealed that lead excipients decreased the particle size and the zeta potential of the formulations. In vivo biodistribution studies emphasized the influence of formulations as well as the type of excipients on biodistribution profiles of the ON. Subsequently, we suggest that the highlighted impact of tested excipients would potentially assist in formulation development to deliver ON therapeutics in pre-clinical and clinical settings.
|
|
| 10. |
- Berthomier, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Alfven : magnetosphere-ionosphere connection explorers
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Experimental astronomy. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 33:2-3, s. 445-489
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aurorae are dynamic, luminous displays that grace the night skies of Earth's high latitude regions. The solar wind emanating from the Sun is their ultimate energy source, but the chain of plasma physical processes leading to auroral displays is complex. The special conditions at the interface between the solar wind-driven magnetosphere and the ionospheric environment at the top of Earth's atmosphere play a central role. In this Auroral Acceleration Region (AAR) persistent electric fields directed along the magnetic field accelerate magnetospheric electrons to the high energies needed to excite luminosity when they hit the atmosphere. The "ideal magnetohydrodynamics" description of space plasmas which is useful in much of the magnetosphere cannot be used to understand the AAR. The AAR has been studied by a small number of single spacecraft missions which revealed an environment rich in wave-particle interactions, plasma turbulence, and nonlinear acceleration processes, acting on a variety of spatio-temporal scales. The pioneering 4-spacecraft Cluster magnetospheric research mission is now fortuitously visiting the AAR, but its particle instruments are too slow to allow resolve many of the key plasma physics phenomena. The Alfv,n concept is designed specifically to take the next step in studying the aurora, by making the crucial high-time resolution, multi-scale measurements in the AAR, needed to address the key science questions of auroral plasma physics. The new knowledge that the mission will produce will find application in studies of the Sun, the processes that accelerate the solar wind and that produce aurora on other planets.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Hugerth, Luisa W., et al.
(författare)
-
Systematic Design of 18S rRNA Gene Primers for Determining Eukaryotic Diversity in Microbial Consortia
- 2014
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:4, s. 095567-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-throughput sequencing of ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) amplicons has opened up the door to large-scale comparative studies of microbial community structures. The short reads currently produced by massively parallel sequencing technologies make the choice of sequencing region crucial for accurate phylogenetic assignments. While for 16S rDNA, relevant regions have been well described, no truly systematic design of 18S rDNA primers aimed at resolving eukaryotic diversity has yet been reported. Here we used 31,862 18S rDNA sequences to design a set of broad-taxonomic range degenerate PCR primers. We simulated the phylogenetic information that each candidate primer pair would retrieve using paired-or single-end reads of various lengths, representing different sequencing technologies. Primer pairs targeting the V4 region performed best, allowing discrimination with paired-end reads as short as 150 bp (with 75% accuracy at genus level). The conditions for PCR amplification were optimised for one of these primer pairs and this was used to amplify 18S rDNA sequences from isolates as well as from a range of environmental samples which were then Illumina sequenced and analysed, revealing good concordance between expected and observed results. In summary, the reported primer sets will allow minimally biased assessment of eukaryotic diversity in different microbial ecosystems.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Jungebluth, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Retraction Statement
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Respiration. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0356 .- 0025-7931. ; 102:5, s. 402-404
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 16. |
- Lindh, Markus V., et al.
(författare)
-
Metapopulation theory identifies biogeographical patterns among core and satellite marine bacteria scaling from tens to thousands of kilometers
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Environmental Microbiology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1462-2912 .- 1462-2920. ; 19:3, s. 1222-1236
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metapopulation theory developed in terrestrial ecology provides applicable frameworks for interpreting the role of local and regional processes in shaping species distribution patterns. Yet, empirical testing of metapopulation models on microbial communities is essentially lacking. We determined regional bacterioplankton dynamics from monthly transect sampling in the Baltic Sea Proper using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A strong positive trend was found between local relative abundance and occupancy of populations. Notably, the occupancy-frequency distributions were significantly bimodal with a satellite mode of rare endemic populations and a core mode of abundant cosmopolitan populations (e.g. Synechococcus, SAR11 and SAR86 clade members). Temporal changes in population distributions supported several theoretical frameworks. Still, bimodality was found among bacterioplankton communities across the entire Baltic Sea, and was also frequent in globally distributed datasets. Datasets spanning waters with widely different physicochemical characteristics or environmental gradients typically lacked significant bimodal patterns. When such datasets were divided into subsets with coherent environmental conditions, bimodal patterns emerged, highlighting the importance of positive feedbacks between local abundance and occupancy within specific biomes. Thus, metapopulation theory applied to microbial biogeography can provide novel insights into the mechanisms governing shifts in biodiversity resulting from natural or anthropogenically induced changes in the environment.
|
|
| 17. |
- Luhr, O., et al.
(författare)
-
A retrospective analysis of nitric oxide inhalation in patients with severe acute lung injury in Sweden and Norway 1991-1994
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 41:10, s. 1238-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Patients with severe acute lung injury (ALI) have been treated compassionately on doctors' initiative with inhaled nitric oxide (INO) in Sweden and Norway since 1991. In 1994 the previously used technical grade nitric oxide was replaced by medical grade nitric oxide. METHODS: We have carried out a retrospective data collection on all identified adult patients treated with INO for >4 h during the period 1991-1994 focusing on safety aspects and patient outcome. We used the following exclusion criteria (1) Age <18 years, (2) Simultaneous treatment with extracorporeal removal of CO2 (3) NO inhalation period <4 h, (4) Incomplete or missing patient charts, (5) Use of INO in order to treat pulmonary hypertension following cardiac surgery, with little or no acute lung injury. RESULTS: Inclusion criteria were met by 56 out of 73 identified patients. Mean age was 48+/-19 years and the median duration of INO treatment was 102 h. PaO2/FIO2 ratio at start of treatment was 85 +/- 33 mm Hg with a lung injury score (LIS) of 3.2+/-0.8. The aetiology of the lung injury was pneumonia (n= 27), sepsis (n=12) and trauma (n=8). Survival to hospital discharge was 41% and survival after 180 d was 38%. Three serious adverse events were identified, two from technical failures of the INO delivery device and one withdrawal reaction necessitating slow weaning from INO. No methaemoglobin values >5% were reported during treatment. CONCLUSION: The overall mortality did not differ dramatically from historical controls with high mortality. Only a randomised study may determine whether INO as an adjunct to treatment alters the outcome in severe ALI. One cannot at present advocate the routine use of INO in patients with ALI outside such studies.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Thureborn, Petter, et al.
(författare)
-
A dark, anoxic mausoleum for DNA : perceived and actual community structure in the Landsort Deep sediment, the Baltic Sea
- 2016
-
Ingår i: PeerJ. - 2167-8359.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Numerous investigations of bacterial communities using sequence analysis of environmental DNA have revealed extensive diversity of microbial taxa in an array of different environmental habitats. Community analysis based solely on DNA, however, does not reveal whether the detected community members are actively contributing to community functioning, or whether they are dormant or remnants of dead cells. This dilemma is of particular concern when analyzing microbial community structure of sites with a high degree of deposited matter, such as marine sediments. For example, the Baltic Sea’s deepest point, the Landsort Deep, consists of anoxic sediments with a large deposition of allochthonous organic matter from the highly stratified 460 m water column above. Our previous metagenomics results indicated the presence of potential obligately aerobic and phototrophic microorganisms. To further elucidate which taxa may contribute to ecosystem function at this site, we here present three different datasets – rDNA amplicons, rDNA reads from a shotgun metagenome and expressed rRNA from a shotgun metatranscriptome. By comparing the three datasets and the ratios between rRNA and rDNA we seek to estimate the protein synthesis potential of the community members in order to provide an indication of what taxa may have cellular activity and metabolic potential. The variation in protein synthesis potential was large, both within and between taxa, in the sediment community. Many typically anaerobic taxa, e.g. from Deltaproteobacteria and Euryarchaeota, showed a high protein synthesis potential, while typical aerobes like Flavobacteria showed a low protein synthesis potential. More surprisingly, some common Baltic Sea surface water bacteria also displayed a high protein synthesis potential, suggesting they have an active role in the anoxic sediment ecosystem at 460 m depth. Both filamentous and unicellular Cyanobacteria exhibited very high protein synthesis potential, which implies a more complex role of these bacteria in carbon cycling in the Baltic Sea than previously suggested. Moreover, Mycobacteria, that were abundant in Landsort Deep sediment metagenome compared with other marine sediment metagenomes, showed protein synthesis potentials consistent with a functional role in the sediment community. Our results provide a new window of insight into the complexities of the microbial community of Landsort Deep with implications for the understanding of other anoxic accumulation sediments.
|
|
| 23. |
- Umek, T., et al.
(författare)
-
Oligonucleotides Targeting DNA Repeats Downregulate Huntingtin Gene Expression in Huntington's Patient-Derived Neural Model System
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nucleic Acid Therapeutics. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 2159-3337 .- 2159-3345. ; 31:6, s. 443-456
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Huntington's disease (HD) is one of the most common, dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorders. It affects the striatum, cerebral cortex, and other subcortical structures leading to involuntary movement abnormalities, emotional disturbances, and cognitive impairments. HD is caused by a CAG center dot CTG trinucleotide-repeat expansion in exon 1 of the huntingtin (HTT) gene leading to the formation of mutant HTT (mtHTT) protein aggregates. Besides the toxicity of the mutated protein, there is also evidence that mtHTT transcripts contribute to the disease. Thus, the reduction of both mutated mRNA and protein would be most beneficial as a treatment. Previously, we designed a novel anti-gene oligonucleotide (AGO)-based strategy directly targeting the HTT trinucleotide-repeats in DNA and reported downregulation of mRNA and protein in HD patient fibroblasts. In this study, we differentiate HD patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells to investigate the efficacy of the AGO, a DNA/Locked Nucleic Acid mixmer with phosphorothioate backbone, to modulate HTT transcription during neural in vitro development. For the first time, we demonstrate downregulation of HTT mRNA following both naked and magnetofected delivery into neural stem cells (NSCs) and show that neither emergence of neural rosette structures nor self-renewal of NSCs is compromised. Furthermore, the inhibition potency of both HTT mRNA and protein without off-target effects is confirmed in neurons. These results further validate an anti-gene approach for the treatment of HD.
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
- Austin, Christine, et al.
(författare)
-
Elemental Dynamics in Hair Accurately Predict Future Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis : An International Multi-Center Study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 11:23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition diagnosed in approximately 2% of children. Reliance on the emergence of clinically observable behavioral patterns only delays the mean age of diagnosis to approximately 4 years. However, neural pathways critical to language and social functions develop during infancy, and current diagnostic protocols miss the age when therapy would be most effective. We developed non-invasive ASD biomarkers using mass spectrometry analyses of elemental metabolism in single hair strands, coupled with machine learning. We undertook a national prospective study in Japan, where hair samples were collected at 1 month and clinical diagnosis was undertaken at 4 years. Next, we analyzed a national sample of Swedish twins and, in our third study, participants from a specialist ASD center in the US. In a blinded analysis, a predictive algorithm detected ASD risk as early as 1 month with 96.4% sensitivity, 75.4% specificity, and 81.4% accuracy (n = 486; 175 cases). These findings emphasize that the dynamics in elemental metabolism are systemically dysregulated in autism, and these signatures can be detected and leveraged in hair samples to predict the emergence of ASD as early as 1 month of age.
|
|
| 29. |
- Bestas, Burcu, et al.
(författare)
-
Splice-correcting oligonucleotides restore BTK function in X-linked agammaglobulinemia model
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 124:9, s. 4067-4081
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an inherited immunodeficiency that results from mutations within the gene encoding Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Many XLA-associated mutations affect splicing of BTK pre-mRNA and severely impair B cell development. Here, we assessed the potential of antisense, splice-correcting oligonucleotides (SCOs) targeting mutated BTKtranscripts for treating XLA. Both the SCO structural design and chemical properties were optimized using 2'-O-methyl, locked nucleic acid, or phosphorodiamidate morpholino backbones. In order to have access to an animal model of XLA, we engineered a transgenic mouse that harbors a BAC with an authentic, mutated, splice-defective human BTK gene. BTK transgenic mice were bred onto a Btk knockout background to avoid interference of the orthologous mouse protein. Using this model, we determined that BTK-specific SCOs are able to correct aberrantly spliced BTK in B lymphocytes, including pro-B cells. Correction of BTK mRNA restored expression of functional protein, as shown both by enhanced lymphocyte survival and reestablished BTK activation upon B cell receptor stimulation. Furthermore, SCO treatment corrected splicing and restored BTK expression in primary cells from patients with XLA. Together, our data demonstrate that SCOs can restore BTK function and that BTK-targeting SCOs have potential as personalized medicine in patients with XLA.
|
|
| 30. |
- Biémont, E, et al.
(författare)
-
Decay of metastable states in Nd II
- 2007
-
Ingår i: The European physical journal D Atomic, molecular and optical physics. ; 41, s. 211-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
- Blom, S, et al.
(författare)
-
Systems pathology by multiplexed immunohistochemistry and whole-slide digital image analysis
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7:1, s. 15580-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paradigm of molecular histopathology is shifting from a single-marker immunohistochemistry towards multiplexed detection of markers to better understand the complex pathological processes. However, there are no systems allowing multiplexed IHC (mIHC) with high-resolution whole-slide tissue imaging and analysis, yet providing feasible throughput for routine use. We present an mIHC platform combining fluorescent and chromogenic staining with automated whole-slide imaging and integrated whole-slide image analysis, enabling simultaneous detection of six protein markers and nuclei, and automatic quantification and classification of hundreds of thousands of cells in situ in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. In the first proof-of-concept, we detected immune cells at cell-level resolution (n = 128,894 cells) in human prostate cancer, and analysed T cell subpopulations in different tumour compartments (epithelium vs. stroma). In the second proof-of-concept, we demonstrated an automatic classification of epithelial cell populations (n = 83,558) and glands (benign vs. cancer) in prostate cancer with simultaneous analysis of androgen receptor (AR) and alpha-methylacyl-CoA (AMACR) expression at cell-level resolution. We conclude that the open-source combination of 8-plex mIHC detection, whole-slide image acquisition and analysis provides a robust tool allowing quantitative, spatially resolved whole-slide tissue cytometry directly in formalin-fixed human tumour tissues for improved characterization of histology and the tumour microenvironment.
|
|
| 34. |
- Carlsson, Ella, et al.
(författare)
-
Mass composition of the escaping plasma at Mars
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Icarus. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-1035 .- 1090-2643. ; 182:2, s. 320-328
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data from the Ion Mass Analyzer (IMA) sensor of the ASPERA-3 instrument suite on Mars Express have been analyzed to determine the mass composition of the escaping ion species at Mars. We have examined 77 different ion-beam events and we present the results in terms of flux ratios between the following ion species: CO2+/O+ and O-2(+)/O+. The following ratios averaged over all events and energies were identified: CO2+/O+ = 0.2 and O-2(+)/O+ = 0.9. The values measured are significantly higher, by a factor of 10 for O-2(+)/O+, than a contemporary modeled ratio for the maximum fluxes which the martian ionosphere can supply. The most abundant ion species was found to be O+, followed by O-2(+) and CO2+. We estimate the loss of CO2+ to be 4.0 x 10(24) s(-1) (0.29 kg s(-1)) by using the previous measurements of Phobos-2 in our calculations. The dependence of the ion ratios in relation to their energy ranges we studied, 0.3-3.0 keV, indicated that no clear correlation was found.
|
|
| 35. |
- Chang, Jui-Che, et al.
(författare)
-
HiPIMS-grown AlN buffer for threading dislocation reduction in DC-magnetron sputtered GaN epifilm on sapphire substrate
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Vacuum. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0042-207X .- 1879-2715. ; 217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gallium nitride (GaN) epitaxial films on sapphire (Al2O3) substrates have been grown using reactive magnetron sputter epitaxy with a liquid Ga target. Threading dislocations density (TDD) of sputtered GaN films was reduced by using an inserted high-quality aluminum nitride (AlN) buffer layer grown by reactive high power impulse magnetron sputtering (R-HiPIMS) in a gas mixture of Ar and N2. After optimizing the Ar/N2 pressure ratio and deposition power, a high-quality AlN film exhibiting a narrow full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) value of the double-crystal x-ray rocking curve (DCXRC) of the AlN(0002) peak of 0.086° was obtained by R-HiPIMS. The mechanism giving rise the observed quality improvement is attributed to the enhancement of kinetic energy of the adatoms in the deposition process when operated in a transition mode. With the inserted HiPIMS-AlN as a buffer layer for direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) GaN growth, the FWHM values of GaN(0002) and (10 1‾ 1) XRC decrease from 0.321° to 0.087° and from 0.596° to 0.562°, compared to the direct growth of GaN on sapphire, respectively. An order of magnitude reduction from 2.7 × 109 cm−2 to 2.0 × 108 cm−2 of screw-type TDD calculated from the FWHM of the XRC data using the inserted HiPIMS-AlN buffer layer demonstrates the improvement of crystal quality of GaN. The result of TDD reduction using the HiPIMS-AlN buffer was also verified by weak beam dark-field (WBDF) cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Dalenbäck, J-O, et al.
(författare)
-
Solar heated residential area Anneberg
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Proceedings Third ISES Europe Solar Congress. - : International Solar Energy Society.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A solar heated area comprising 50 residential units is under construction. The system includes low-temperature space heating with seasonal ground storage of solar heat. Heating is supplied by 2 400 m{sup 2} of solar collectors and individual electrical heaters for supplementary heating. During the summer part of collected heat is stored in a borehole store with 100 boreholes drilled to 65 m depth. The groundwater-filled boreholes are fitted with double U-tubes. The average temperature of the seasonal store, about 60,000 m{sup 3} of crystalline rock, varies between 30 and 45 deg. C over the year. A floor heating system designed for a supply temperature of 32 deg. C provides space heating. The system is also equipped with buffer tanks for pre-heating of domestic hot water. The collectors will have favourable working conditions but the store is rather small and the estimated heat loss from the heat store is about 40% of collected solar heat. The average solar fraction is estimated to 70% and the resulting total heating cost is estimated to about 1 000 SEK/MWh ({approx}120{open_square}/MWh).
|
|
| 39. |
- Dankiewicz, Josef, et al.
(författare)
-
Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
- 2021
-
Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 384:24, s. 2283-2294
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypothermia or Normothermia after Cardiac Arrest This trial randomly assigned patients with coma after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest to undergo targeted hypothermia at 33 degrees C or normothermia with treatment of fever. At 6 months, there were no significant between-group differences regarding death or functional outcomes. Background Targeted temperature management is recommended for patients after cardiac arrest, but the supporting evidence is of low certainty. Methods In an open-label trial with blinded assessment of outcomes, we randomly assigned 1900 adults with coma who had had an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac or unknown cause to undergo targeted hypothermia at 33 degrees C, followed by controlled rewarming, or targeted normothermia with early treatment of fever (body temperature, >= 37.8 degrees C). The primary outcome was death from any cause at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included functional outcome at 6 months as assessed with the modified Rankin scale. Prespecified subgroups were defined according to sex, age, initial cardiac rhythm, time to return of spontaneous circulation, and presence or absence of shock on admission. Prespecified adverse events were pneumonia, sepsis, bleeding, arrhythmia resulting in hemodynamic compromise, and skin complications related to the temperature management device. Results A total of 1850 patients were evaluated for the primary outcome. At 6 months, 465 of 925 patients (50%) in the hypothermia group had died, as compared with 446 of 925 (48%) in the normothermia group (relative risk with hypothermia, 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94 to 1.14; P=0.37). Of the 1747 patients in whom the functional outcome was assessed, 488 of 881 (55%) in the hypothermia group had moderately severe disability or worse (modified Rankin scale score >= 4), as compared with 479 of 866 (55%) in the normothermia group (relative risk with hypothermia, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.09). Outcomes were consistent in the prespecified subgroups. Arrhythmia resulting in hemodynamic compromise was more common in the hypothermia group than in the normothermia group (24% vs. 17%, P<0.001). The incidence of other adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions In patients with coma after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, targeted hypothermia did not lead to a lower incidence of death by 6 months than targeted normothermia. (Funded by the Swedish Research Council and others; TTM2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, .)
|
|
| 40. |
- Daralnakhla, H, et al.
(författare)
-
Lipophilic Peptide Dendrimers for Delivery of Splice-Switching Oligonucleotides
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Pharmaceutics. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4923. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-viral transfection reagents are continuously being developed in attempt to replace viral vectors. Among those non-viral vectors, dendrimers have gained increasing interest due to their unique molecular structure and multivalency. However, more improvements are still needed to achieve higher efficacy and lower toxicity. In this study, we have examined 18 peptide dendrimers conjugated to lipophilic moieties, such as fatty acids or hydrophobic amino acids, that were previously explored for siRNA. Reporter cells were employed to investigate the transfection of single strand splice-switching oligonucleotides (ONs) using these peptide dendrimers. Luciferase level changes reflecting efficiency varied with amino acid composition, stereochemistry, and complexation media used. 3rd generation peptide dendrimers with D-amino acid configuration were superior to L-form. Lead formulations with 3rd generation, D-amino acid peptide dendrimers increased the correction level of the delivered ON up to 93-fold over untreated HeLa Luc/705 cells with minimal toxicity. To stabilize the formed complexes, Polyvinyl alcohol 18 (PVA18) polymer was added. Although PVA18 addition increased activity, toxicity when using our best candidates G 2,3KL-(Leu)4 (D) and G 2,3KL-diPalmitamide (D) was observed. Our findings demonstrate the potential of lipid-conjugated, D-amino acid-containing peptide dendrimers to be utilized as an effective and safe delivery vector for splice-switching ONs.
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
- Dubinin, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Ion Energization and Escape on Mars and Venus
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Space Science Reviews. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0038-6308 .- 1572-9672. ; 162:1-4, s. 173-211
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mars and Venus do not have a global magnetic field and as a result solar wind interacts directly with their ionospheres and upper atmospheres. Neutral atoms ionized by solar UV, charge exchange and electron impact, are extracted and scavenged by solar wind providing a significant loss of planetary volatiles. There are different channels and routes through which the ionized planetary matter escapes from the planets. Processes of ion energization driven by direct solar wind forcing and their escape are intimately related. Forces responsible for ion energization in different channels are different and, correspondingly, the effectiveness of escape is also different. Classification of the energization processes and escape channels on Mars and Venus and also their variability with solar wind parameters is the main topic of our review. We will distinguish between classical pickup and 'mass-loaded' pickup processes, energization in boundary layer and plasma sheet, polar winds on unmagnetized planets with magnetized ionospheres and enhanced escape flows from localized auroral regions in the regions filled by strong crustal magnetic fields.
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
- Englund, Mikael C. O., 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
The establishment of 20 different human embryonic stem cell lines and subclones; a report on derivation, culture, characterisation and banking.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1543-706X .- 1071-2690. ; 46:3-4, s. 217-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report summarises our efforts in deriving, characterising and banking of 20 different human embryonic stem cell lines. We have derived a large number of human embryonic stem cell lines between 2001 and 2005. One of these cell lines was established under totally xeno-free culture conditions. In addition, several subclones have been established, including a karyoptypical normal clone from a trisomic mother line. A master cell banking system has been utilised in concert with an extensive characterisation programme, ensuring a supply of high quality pluripotent stem cells for further research and development. In this report we also present the first data on a proprietary novel antibody, hES-Cellect, that exhibits high specificity for undifferentiated hES cells. In addition to the traditional manual dissection approach of propagating hES cells, we here also report on the successful approaches of feeder-free cultures as well as single cell cultures based on enzymatic digestion. All culture systems used as reported here have maintained the hES cells in a karyotypical normal and pluripotent state. These systems also have the advantage of being the principal springboards for further scale up of cultures for industrial or clinical applications that would require vastly more cells that can be produced by mechanical means.
|
|
| 45. |
- Eriksson, M.O., et al.
(författare)
-
Palmoplantar pustulosis : a clinical and immunohistological study
- 1998
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133. ; 138:3, s. 390-398
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pustulosis palmoplantaris (PPP) is a common chronic skin disease, which is very resistant to treatment. It is not known why the lesions are located in the palms and soles. There are few studies of the disease and in particular studies of the histology. Fifty-nine patients with PPP answered a questionnaire concerning their medical history and 39 of them were clinically examined. Biopsy specimens were taken from involved skin in 22 of the 39 patients and studied immunohistologically for tryptase+ mast cells, EG2+ eosinophils, lipocalin+ neutrophils and CD3+ T lymphocytes. The sweat gland and sweat duct were visualized with AE1/AE3 antibody (cytokeratins 1-8, 10, 14/15, 16, 19). In addition to neutrophils in the pustule and lymphocytes in the upper dermis, there were also large numbers of mast cells and eosinophils in the subpustular area. Numerous eosinophils were present in the pustule. The epidermal part of the eccrine duct was not detectable in any of the specimens from patients with PPP but was present in all of the nine control persons (including two smokers). The results indicate that the acrosyringium is involved in the inflammation and also that mast cells and eosinophils participate in a hitherto unknown way. Of the 39 patients clinically examined, two had previously diagnosed thyroid disease and two had gluten hypersensitivity. Seventeen had one or several abnormal serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxin, antibodies against thyroglobulin or thyroperoxidase and 10 had immunoglobulin (Ig) A antibodies to gliadin. The mean +/- SD for serum IgA and for eosinophil cationic protein was increased. From the questionnaire the most notable finding was that 56 of the 59 patients had been or still were smokers, all of whom had started smoking before the first signs of PPP. We hypothesize that the acrosyringium might be the target for the inflammation and that PPP is linked to autoimmune thyroid disease and smoking.
|
|
| 46. |
|
|
| 47. |
- Fischer, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Rethinking and reinventing learning, education and collaboration in the digital age-from creating technologies to transforming cultures
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Information and Learning Technology. - : Emerald. - 2056-4880. ; 37:5, s. 241-252
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The digitalization of society results in challenges and opportunities for learning and education. This paper describes exemplary transformations from current to future practices. It illustrates multi-dimensional aspects of learning which complement and transcend current frameworks of learning focused on schools. While digital technologies are necessary for these transformations, they are not sufficient. The paper briefly illustrates the applicability of the conceptual framework to the COVID-19 pandemic. It concludes that design opportunities and design trade-offs in relation to digital technologies and learning should be explored by envisioning the cultural transformation that are desirable for making learning a part of life. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the work conducted at the symposium "Rethinking and Reinventing Learning, Education, and Collaboration in the Digital Age-From Creating Technologies to Transforming Cultures" that took place in Engeltofta outside of Gavle, Sweden in September 2019. The symposium invited scholars in collaborative analysis of design opportunities and design trade-offs in relation to digital technologies and learning and explored design strategies for systematically and proactively increasing digital technology's contributions to learning and collaborating. The paper first provides a condensed introduction of a conceptual framework summarizing current practices, their problems and promising alternatives. Multi-dimensional aspects of learning and lifelong learning will be briefly described as promising future alternatives to school learning. Examples of transformative practices are supporting the major argument of the paper that creating new technologies is an important prerequisite to address the fundamental challenge of transforming cultures. The unanticipated but fundamental event of the occurrence of COVID-19 will be briefly described to provide further evidence for the need and the applicability of our conceptual framework for rethinking and reinventing learning, education and collaboration in the digital age. Findings The paper provides a condensed introduction of a conceptual framework summarizing current practices, their problems and promising alternatives. The framework includes multi-dimensional aspects of learning and lifelong learning as a promising future alternative to a focus on school learning. Originality/value This paper describes exemplary transformations from current to future practices. It illustrates multi-dimensional aspects of learning which complement and transcend current frameworks of learning focused on schools.
|
|
| 48. |
- Fischer, G., et al.
(författare)
-
The challenge for the digital age: making learning a part of life
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Information and Learning Technology. - : Emerald. - 2056-4880. ; 40:1, s. 1-16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The main argument behind this paper is learning in the digital age should not be restricted to creating digital infrastructures for supporting current forms of learning nor taking schools in their current form as God-given, natural entities, but changing current forms of education by developing new frameworks and socio-technical environments for making learning an integral part of life. The authors provide a framework for this argumentation as well as a call-to-action for research on the co-evolution of learning, media, and learning organizations. Design/methodology/approach This paper theoretically and argumentatively explores the core assumption that the digitalization of society results in challenges and opportunities for learning and education based on fundamental transformations (Collins and Halverson, 2009; Fischer et al., 2020). Findings The digital age greatly enhances the opportunities and supports the necessity for "making learning a part of life". But while the growth of technology is certain, the inevitability of any particular future is not. The impact of schooling goes beyond that new information about computers, the Internet, and social media are integrated into the schools of today. The transformation of schools needs to be informed by an understanding of the impact of mindset formation that will determine people's approach to learning for the rest of their lives. The authors' framework is focused on moving "beyond gift-wrapping" by not only fixing and existing systems but to change them and not only reforming but transforming them. Originality/value It is the authors' hope that this article will be of interest to many stakeholders (including learners, teachers, curriculum designers, technology experts, parents, and politicians) and provide a foundation for an ongoing debate and informed actions for "Making Learning a Part of Life" in the digital age.
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
