| 1. |
- Ameur, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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SweGen : a whole-genome data resource of genetic variability in a cross-section of the Swedish population
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 25:11, s. 1253-1260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we describe the SweGen data set, a comprehensive map of genetic variation in the Swedish population. These data represent a basic resource for clinical genetics laboratories as well as for sequencing-based association studies by providing information on genetic variant frequencies in a cohort that is well matched to national patient cohorts. To select samples for this study, we first examined the genetic structure of the Swedish population using high-density SNP-array data from a nation-wide cohort of over 10 000 Swedish-born individuals included in the Swedish Twin Registry. A total of 1000 individuals, reflecting a cross-section of the population and capturing the main genetic structure, were selected for whole-genome sequencing. Analysis pipelines were developed for automated alignment, variant calling and quality control of the sequencing data. This resulted in a genome-wide collection of aggregated variant frequencies in the Swedish population that we have made available to the scientific community through the website https://swefreq.nbis.se. A total of 29.2 million single-nucleotide variants and 3.8 million indels were detected in the 1000 samples, with 9.9 million of these variants not present in current databases. Each sample contributed with an average of 7199 individual-specific variants. In addition, an average of 8645 larger structural variants (SVs) were detected per individual, and we demonstrate that the population frequencies of these SVs can be used for efficient filtering analyses. Finally, our results show that the genetic diversity within Sweden is substantial compared with the diversity among continental European populations, underscoring the relevance of establishing a local reference data set.
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| 2. |
- Bargigia, Ilaria, et al.
(författare)
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Diffuse optical techniques applied to wood characterisation
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0967-0335 .- 1751-6552. ; 21:4, s. 259-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose an optical method for non-invasive characterisation of wood samples based on two optical techniques: time-resolved diffuse optical spectroscopy and gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy. While the latter is sensitive to gases present inside wood pores, the former extracts information on the bulk material regarding light scattering and absorption. Measurements on spruce samples, cut along different wood fibre directions, are presented to show an example of the advantages of this combined approach: by applying these two non-destructive techniques together, in fact, relevant information on wood such as porosity, permeability and moisture content can be assessed. Furthermore, the chemical composition, internal structure and the anisotropy due to the wood fibres can be investigated.
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| 3. |
- Barup, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-disciplinary lidar applications
- 2010
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Ingår i: Laser Applications to Chemical, Security and Environmental Analysis, LACSEA 2010. - 2162-2701. - 9781557528803
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lidar is a powerful technique normally associated with atmospheric monitoring. However, lidar techniques, also of the laser-induced fluorescence and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy varieties, provide many new possibilities in unconventional fields including cultural heritage and ecological applications.
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| 4. |
- Bátori, Veronika, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of glycerol, sugar and maleic anhydride on pectin-cellulose biofilms prepared from orange waste
- 2019
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Ingår i: Polymers. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4360.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was conducted to improve the properties of thin films prepared from orange waste by the solution casting method. The main focus was the elimination of holes in the film structure by establishing better cohesion between the major cellulosic and pectin fractions. For this, a previously developed method was improved first by the addition of sugar to promote pectin gelling, then by the addition of maleic anhydride. Principally, maleic anhydride was introduced to the films to induce cross-linking within the film structure. The effects of concentrations of sugar and glycerol as plasticizers and maleic anhydride as a cross-linking agent on the film characteristics were studied. Maleic anhydride improved the structure, resulting in a uniform film, and morphology studies showed better adhesion between components. However, it did not act as a cross-linking agent, but rather as a compatibilizer. The middle level (0.78%) of maleic anhydride content resulted in the highest tensile strength (26.65 ± 3.20 MPa) at low (7%) glycerol and high (14%) sugar levels and the highest elongation (28.48% ± 4.34%) at high sugar and glycerol levels. To achieve a uniform film surface with no holes present, only the lowest (0.39%) level of maleic anhydride was necessary.
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| 5. |
- Bergsten, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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A 33-year follow-up after valvular surgery for carcinoid heart disease
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-2404 .- 2047-2412. ; 23:4, s. 524-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Valvular surgery has improved long-term prognosis in severe carcinoid heart disease (CaHD). Experience is limited and uncertainty remains about predictors for survival and strategy regarding single vs. double-valve surgery. The aim was to review survival and echocardiographic findings after valvular surgery for CaHD at our institution.METHODS AND RESULTS: Between 1986 and 2019, 60 consecutive patients, median age 64 years, underwent valve surgery for severe CaHD. Operations involved combined tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) and pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in 42 cases, and TVR-only or TVR with pulmonary valvotomy (no PVR) in 18 patients. All implanted valves were bioprosthetic. Preoperative echocardiography, creatinine, NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), and 24-h urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were obtained. 30-Day mortality was 12% (n=7), and 8% for the most recent decade 2010-2019. Median survival was 2.2 years and maximum survival 21 years. Patients undergoing combined TVR and PVR had significantly higher survival compared with operations without PVR (median 3.0 vs. 0.9 years, P = 0.02). Preoperative levels of NT-pro-BNP and 5-HIAA in the top quartile predicted poor survival. On preoperative echocardiograms, pulmonary regurgitation was severe in 51% and indeterminate in 17%. Postoperative echocardiography confirmed relatively good durability of bioprostheses, relative to the patients' limited oncological life expectancy.CONCLUSION: Valvular surgery in CaHD has an acceptable perioperative risk. Survival for combined TVR and PVR was significantly higher compared with operations without PVR. Bioprosthetic valve replacement appears to have adequate durability. Preoperative echocardiography may underestimate pulmonary pathology. Combined TVR and PVR should be considered in most patients.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bivik, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Novel Genes Involved in Controlling Specification of Drosophila FMRFamide Neuropeptide Cells
- 2015
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Ingår i: Genetics. - : Genetics Society of America. - 0016-6731 .- 1943-2631. ; 200:4, s. 1229-1244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The expression of neuropeptides is often extremely restricted in the nervous system, making them powerful markers for addressing cell specification . In the developing Drosophila ventral nerve cord, only six cells, the Ap4 neurons, of some 10,000 neurons, express the neuropeptide FMRFamide (FMRFa). Each Ap4/FMRFa neuron is the last-born cell generated by an identifiable and well-studied progenitor cell, neuroblast 5-6 (NB5-6T). The restricted expression of FMRFa and the wealth of information regarding its gene regulation and Ap4 neuron specification makes FMRFa a valuable readout for addressing many aspects of neural development, i.e., spatial and temporal patterning cues, cell cycle control, cell specification, axon transport, and retrograde signaling. To this end, we have conducted a forward genetic screen utilizing an Ap4-specific FMRFa-eGFP transgenic reporter as our readout. A total of 9781 EMS-mutated chromosomes were screened for perturbations in FMRFa-eGFP expression, and 611 mutants were identified. Seventy-nine of the strongest mutants were mapped down to the affected gene by deficiency mapping or whole-genome sequencing. We isolated novel alleles for previously known FMRFa regulators, confirming the validity of the screen. In addition, we identified novel essential genes, including several with previously undefined functions in neural development. Our identification of genes affecting most major steps required for successful terminal differentiation of Ap4 neurons provides a comprehensive view of the genetic flow controlling the generation of highly unique neuronal cell types in the developing nervous system.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Brydegaard, Mikkel, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility study: fluorescence lidar for remote bird classification
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 2155-3165. ; 49:24, s. 4531-4544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a method for remote classification of birds based on eye-safe fluorescence lidar techniques. Mechanisms of quenching are discussed. Plumage reflectance is related to plumage fluorescence. Laboratory measurements on reflectance and fluorescence are presented, as well as test-range measurements. Also we present examples of birds' in-flight lidar returns. The methods are suitable for studies of night migrating species and high-altitude classification with implications for the detailed understanding of bird migration and global virus spread. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
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| 10. |
- Dahlström, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive training and effects on speech-in noise performance in normal hearing and hearing impaired individuals
- 2015
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Ingår i: CHSCOM2015. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. ; , s. 127-127
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cognitive training might have potential to improve speech understanding under adverse listening conditions. Here, we have examined the effects of a 5-week computer-based cognitive training program on speech-in-noise-performance, in normal hearing (NH) participants and in participants with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (HI).Two groups, matched on gender and age (45-65 years), of 20 participants each (HI and NH respectively) are recruited. Participants perform four test-sessions; inclusion (t0), five weeks (t1), ten weeks (t2) and six months (t3). Training is performed either between t0 and t1, or between t1 and t2 (using a cross-over design), using the computer-based Cogmed training program, approximately 30-40 minutes per day, five days per week, during five weeks. At each session participants are tested in three different ways: (a) cognitive testing (KIPS, SICSPAN, TRT); (b) auditory performance (pure tone-audiometry (air- and bone-conduction) and speech audiometry (HINT, Swedish SPIN-test (SNR +4dB))); (c) cortical activation (MR sessions where participants performed a speech-in-noise task using Hagerman-sentences with steady-state speech-spectrum noise (SSN) and with two competing talkers). MR imaging is performed on a Philips Achieva 1.5 Tesla scanner using a sparse imaging technique in which stimuli are presented during the silent period between successive scans. Participants listen to auditory stimuli under eight different conditions: clear speech, SSN or two competing talkers (each at 90%, 50% and 0% intelligibility), and silent rest. Pre- and post-training, hearing disability is assessed by the Speech-Spatial-Qualities-Questionnaire.The study is on-going and behavioral results as well as results from fMRI will be presented.
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| 11. |
- Ferreira, Jorge A., et al.
(författare)
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Spent sulphite liquor for cultivation of an edible Rhizopus sp.
- 2012
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Ingår i: BioResources. - : North Carolina State University: College of Natural Resources. - 1930-2126. ; 7:1, s. 173-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spent sulphite liquor, the major byproduct from the sulphite pulp production process, was diluted to 50% and used for production of an edible zygomycete Rhizopus sp. The focus was on production, yield, and composition of the fungal biomass composition. The fungus grew well at 20 to 40°C, but 32°C was found to be preferable compared to 20 and 40°C in terms of biomass production and yield (maximum of 0.16 g/g sugars), protein content (0.50-0.60 g/g), alkali-insoluble material (AIM) (ca 0.15 g/g), and glucosamine content (up to 0.30 g/g of AIM). During cultivation in a pilot airlift bioreactor, the yield increased as aeration was raised from 0.15 to 1.0 vvm, indicating a high demand for oxygen. After cultivation at 1.0 vvm for 84 h, high yield and production of biomass (up to 0.34 g/g sugars), protein (0.30-0.50 g/g), lipids (0.02-0.07 g/g), AIM (0.16-0.28 g/g), and glucosamine (0.22-0.32 g/g AIM) were obtained. The fungal biomass produced from spent sulphite liquor is presently being tested as a replacement for fishmeal in feed for fish aquaculture and seems to be a potential source of nutrients and for production of glucosamine.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Guan, Zuguang, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of photon migration in scattering media using heterodyning techniques with a frequency modulated diode laser.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 17:18, s. 16291-16299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel technique for studying photon propagation in scattering media is proposed and demonstrated, as is believed, for the first time. Photons propagating through the medium, from a frequency-ramped single-mode diode laser, meet a reference beam from the same source, at a common detector, and beat frequencies corresponding to various temporal delays are observed by heterodyne techniques. Fourier transformation directly yields the temporal dispersion curve. Proof-of-principle experiments on polystyrene foam and a tissue phantom suggest, that the new method, when fully developed, may favorably compete with the more complex time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) and the phase-shift methods, now much employed.
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| 14. |
- Guan, Zuguang, et al.
(författare)
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Insect monitoring with fluorescence lidar techniques: field experiments.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 2155-3165. ; 49:27, s. 5133-5142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results from field experiments using a fluorescence lidar system to monitor movements of insects are reported. Measurements over a river surface were made at distances between 100 and 300 m, detecting, in particular, damselflies entering the 355 nm pulsed laser beam. The lidar system recorded the depolarized elastic backscattering and two broad bands of laser-induced fluorescence, with the separation wavelength at 500 nm. Captured species, dusted with characteristic fluorescent dye powders, could be followed spatially and temporally after release. Implications for ecological research are discussed.
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| 15. |
- Guan, Zuguang, et al.
(författare)
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Vertical lidar sounding of atomic mercury and nitric oxide in a major Chinese city
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Physics B. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0946-2171 .- 1432-0649. ; 101:1-2, s. 465-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vertical range-resolved measurements of atmospheric pollutants were performed in a major city in southern China, employing a lidar system operating with an optical parametric oscillator transmitter. Recordings of atomic mercury (Hg) and nitric oxide (NO) absorbing in the deep-UV region were taken, yielding concentration profiles only attainable with lidar techniques. In particular, the potential influence of molecular oxygen in low-concentration mercury monitoring was elucidated. Diurnal observations are discussed and presented together with weather parameters.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Hammarström, Lars G. J., et al.
(författare)
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The Oncolytic Efficacy and in Vivo Pharmacokinetics of [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)quinolin-4-yl](piperidine-2-yl)methanol (Vacquinol-1) Are Governed by Distinct Stereochemical Features
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 59:18, s. 8577-8592
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioblastoma remains an incurable brain cancer. Drugs developed in the past 20 years have not improved the prognosis for patients, necessitating the development of new treatments. We have previously reported the therapeutic potential of the quinoline methanol Vacquinol-1 (1) that targets glioblastoma cells and induces cell death by catastrophic vacuolization. Compound 1 is a mixture of four stereoisomers due to the two adjacent stereogenic centers in the molecule, complicating further development in the preclinical setting. This work describes the isolation and characterization of the individual isomers of 1 and shows that these display stereospecific pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features. In addition, we present a stereoselective synthesis of the active isomers, providing a basis for further development of this compound series into a novel experimental therapeutic for glioblastoma.
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| 18. |
- Krite Svanberg, Emilie, et al.
(författare)
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Diode laser spectroscopy for non-invasive monitoring of oxygen in the lungs of newborn infants.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1530-0447 .- 0031-3998. ; 79, s. 621-628
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Newborn infants have pulmonary disorders with abnormal gas distribution, e. g. respiratory distress syndrome. Pulmonary radiography is the clinical routine for diagnosis. Our aim was to investigate a novel non-invasive optical technique for rapid non-radiographic bedside detection of oxygen gas in the lungs of full-term newborn infants.
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| 19. |
- Kroon, Renee, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of electron-withdrawing side chain modifications on the optical properties of thiophene-quinoxaline acceptor based polymers
- 2013
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Ingår i: Polymer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0032-3861. ; 54:4, s. 1285-1288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four new thiophene-quinoxaline acceptor based polymers have been synthesized. The parent thiophene-quinoxaline acceptor based copolymer was modified by introducing different electron-withdrawing groups adjacent to the thiophene side group. The effect on the physical, electrochemical and optical properties of the polymer series is discussed with respect to the parent thiophene-quinoxaline acceptor based polymer. The side chain carbonyl from one modified monomer could conveniently be transformed to either a difluoromethylene or an -ylidene malononitrile group via carbonyl transformations. For all polymers incorporating an electron-withdrawing side group both the HOMO and especially the LUMO were significantly shifted away from vacuum while all exhibit enhanced light harvesting ability. Especially the incorporation of an -ylidine malononitrile side group increases both the spectral coverage and absorption coefficient. Incorporation of a difluoromethylene side group resulted in a twofold increase of the molecular weight compared to the parent polymer structure.
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| 20. |
- Lagerqvist, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes 1 year after thrombus aspiration for myocardial infarction.
- 2014
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 371:12, s. 1111-1120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Routine intracoronary thrombus aspiration before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has not been proved to reduce short-term mortality. We evaluated clinical outcomes at 1 year after thrombus aspiration.
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| 21. |
- Larsson, Jim, et al.
(författare)
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A 3-D printed phantom for optical techniques in medicine
- 2017
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Ingår i: CLEO: Applications and Technology, CLEO_AT 2017. - 9781943580279 ; Part F43-CLEO_AT 2017
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Development of optical techniques in medical applications can be difficult due to limited access to realistic phantoms. Here a 3-D printed model based on CT-images of the thorax of an infant is developed and tested.
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| 22. |
- Larsson, Jim, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a 3-dimensional tissue lung phantom of a preterm infant for optical measurements of oxygen—Laser-detector position considerations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Biophotonics. - : Wiley. - 1864-063X. ; 11:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need to further improve the clinical care of our most vulnerable patients—preterm infants. Novel diagnostic and treatment tools facilitate such advances. Here, we evaluate a potential percutaneous optical monitoring tool to assess the oxygen and water vapor content in the lungs of preterm babies. The aim is to prepare for further clinical studies by gaining a detailed understanding of how the measured light intensity and gas absorption signal behave for different possible geometries of light delivery and receiver. Such an experimental evaluation is conducted for the first time utilizing a specially developed 3-dimensional-printed optical phantom based on a geometry model obtained from computer tomography images of the thorax (chest) of a 1700-g premature infant. The measurements yield reliable signals for source–detector distances up to about 50 mm, with stronger gas absorption signals at long separations and positions related to the lower part of the lung, consistent with a larger relative volume of this. The limitations of this study include the omission of scattering tissue within the lungs and that similar optical properties are used for the wavelengths employed for the 2 gases, yielding no indication on the optimal wavelength pair to use.
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| 23. |
- Larsson, Jim, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a compact multipass oxygen sensor used for gas diffusion studies in opaque media
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 2155-3165. ; 54:33, s. 9772-9778
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A highly scattering porous ceramic sample is employed as a miniature random-scattering multipass gas cell for monitoring of oxygen content in opaque media, that is, wood materials in the present work. Gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy is used by employing a 760 nm near-infrared laser diode to probe the absorption of molecular oxygen enclosed in the pores of the ceramic material working as the multipass gas cell, with a porosity of 75%. A path length enhancement of approximately 26 times and a signal-to-noise ratio of about 60 were obtained for the ceramic sample used in this work. The gas sensor was then used in a case study of the gas diffusion in wood materials, namely, oak, spruce, and mahogany samples. Differences depending on whether gas diffusion was studied longitudinal or radial to the tree annual rings are demonstrated, with very little gas diffusing in the radial direction. We can also observe that the gas diffusion for the densest material-oak-had the fastest diffusion time, and mahogany, which had the lowest density, showed the slowest diffusion time. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
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| 24. |
- Lennartsson, Patrik R., et al.
(författare)
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Pigment Production by the Edible Filamentous Fungus Neurospora Intermedia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Fermentation. - Göteborg : MDPI AG. - 2311-5637. ; 4:11, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production of pigments by edible filamentous fungi is gaining attention as a result of the increased interest in natural sources with added functionality in the food, feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and textile industries. The filamentous fungus Neurospora intermedia, used for production of the Indonesian food “oncom”, is one potential source of pigments. The objective of the study was to evaluate the fungus’ pigment production. The joint effect from different factors (carbon and nitrogen source, ZnCl2, MgCl2 and MnCl2) on pigment production by N. intermedia is reported for the first time. The scale-up to 4.5 L bubble column bioreactors was also performed to investigate the effect of pH and aeration. Pigment production of the fungus was successfully manipulated by varying several factors. The results showed that the formation of pigments was strongly influenced by light, carbon, pH, the co-factor Zn2+ and first- to fourth-order interactions between factors. The highest pigmentation (1.19 ± 0.08 mg carotenoids/g dry weight biomass) was achieved in a bubble column reactor. This study provides important insights into pigmentation of this biotechnologically important fungus and lays a foundation for future utilizations of N. intermedia for pigment production.
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| 25. |
- Lewander, Märta, et al.
(författare)
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Non-intrusive measurements of headspace gas composition in liquid food packages made of translucent materials
- 2011
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Ingår i: Packaging Technology & Science. - : Wiley. - 0894-3214. ; 24:5, s. 271-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increase in chilled food consumption requires enhanced food safety and quality assurance. Food deteriorating processes are affected by the presence of oxygen, combined with factors such as time and temperature. To slow down deterioration processes and prolong shelf life, traditional packaging methods are being replaced by Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP), for example. Oxygen, which is naturally present in the headspace of most food packages, is then reduced and controlled. Many sensing techniques for food quality assurance have been developed; however, almost all are intrusive, increasing the complication level and causing sample waste. The purpose of this article is to introduce a non-intrusive technique (GASMAS) for measuring gas composition in the headspace of liquid food packages. The GASMAS method uses diode laser absorption spectroscopy combined with diffuse light propagation to analyze gas located inside solids and liquids. By illuminating the package from the outside and analyzing the scattered light that emerges, the absorption from the gas inside the headspace can be studied. The GASMAS technique was evaluated on a series of carton packages with high quality orange juice and a nitrogen headspace. A clear variation in oxygen content was measured for samples with different storage times. The results demonstrate the possibility of using the GASMAS method for non-intrusive quality measurements in food products and packaging. They also indicate the potential for non-intrusive quality assurance applications without waste of samples. A further development of the technique could include “in-line” quality control of packed food items throughout the food packaging supply chain.
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| 26. |
- Liao, Peilang, et al.
(författare)
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Computer simulation analysis of source-detector position for percutaneously measured O2-gas signal in a three-dimensional preterm infant lung
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Biophotonics. - : Wiley. - 1864-063X. ; 11:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Further improvements in the clinical care of our most vulnerable patients-preterm infants-are needed. Novel diagnostic and surveillance tools facilitate such advances. The GASMAS technique has shown potential to become a tool to, noninvasively, monitor gas in the lungs of preterm infants, by placing a laser source and a detector on the chest wall skin. It is believed that this technology will become a valuable clinical diagnostic tool for monitoring the lung function of these patients. Today, the technology is, for this application, in an early stage and further investigations are needed. In the present study, a three-dimensional computer model of the thorax of an infant is constructed, from a set of CT images. Light transport simulations are performed to provide information about the position dependence of the laser- and detector probe on the thorax of the infant. The result of the simulations, based on the study method and the specified model used in this work, indicates that measurement geometries in front and on the side of the lung are favorable in order to obtain a good gas absorption signal.
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| 27. |
- Lindstrand, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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From cytogenetics to cytogenomics : whole-genome sequencing as a first-line test comprehensively captures the diverse spectrum of disease-causing genetic variation underlying intellectual disability
- 2019
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Ingår i: Genome Medicine. - : BMC. - 1756-994X. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSince different types of genetic variants, from single nucleotide variants (SNVs) to large chromosomal rearrangements, underlie intellectual disability, we evaluated the use of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) rather than chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) as a first-line genetic diagnostic test.MethodsWe analyzed three cohorts with short-read WGS: (i) a retrospective cohort with validated copy number variants (CNVs) (cohort 1, n=68), (ii) individuals referred for monogenic multi-gene panels (cohort 2, n=156), and (iii) 100 prospective, consecutive cases referred to our center for CMA (cohort 3). Bioinformatic tools developed include FindSV, SVDB, Rhocall, Rhoviz, and vcf2cytosure.ResultsFirst, we validated our structural variant (SV)-calling pipeline on cohort 1, consisting of three trisomies and 79 deletions and duplications with a median size of 850kb (min 500bp, max 155Mb). All variants were detected. Second, we utilized the same pipeline in cohort 2 and analyzed with monogenic WGS panels, increasing the diagnostic yield to 8%. Next, cohort 3 was analyzed by both CMA and WGS. The WGS data was processed for large (>10kb) SVs genome-wide and for exonic SVs and SNVs in a panel of 887 genes linked to intellectual disability as well as genes matched to patient-specific Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) phenotypes. This yielded a total of 25 pathogenic variants (SNVs or SVs), of which 12 were detected by CMA as well. We also applied short tandem repeat (STR) expansion detection and discovered one pathologic expansion in ATXN7. Finally, a case of Prader-Willi syndrome with uniparental disomy (UPD) was validated in the WGS data.Important positional information was obtained in all cohorts. Remarkably, 7% of the analyzed cases harbored complex structural variants, as exemplified by a ring chromosome and two duplications found to be an insertional translocation and part of a cryptic unbalanced translocation, respectively.ConclusionThe overall diagnostic rate of 27% was more than doubled compared to clinical microarray (12%). Using WGS, we detected a wide range of SVs with high accuracy. Since the WGS data also allowed for analysis of SNVs, UPD, and STRs, it represents a powerful comprehensive genetic test in a clinical diagnostic laboratory setting.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Active feedback regulation of a Michelson interferometer to achieve zero-background absorption measurements
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 2155-3165. ; 50:3, s. 373-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An active phase-controlling scheme based on a proportional-integral-derivative-controlled piezoelectric transducer is presented with the purpose of stabilizing a quasi-zero-background absorption spectrometer. A fiber-based balanced Michelson interferometer is used, and absorption due to a gas sample in one of its arms results in an increased light signal to a detector, which otherwise, thanks to destructive interference, experiences a very low light level. With the presented approach, the sensitivity of already potent absorption measurement techniques, e.g., based on modulation, could be improved even further. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Gas Monitoring in Human Body Cavities Using Non-Intrusive Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. - : IEEE. - 2162-108X. ; , s. 4-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diode laser absorption spectroscopy was utilized for non-intrusive assessment of gas content in human body cavities, including intestines and lungs of a new-born, the mastoid bone, and sinus cavities for monitoring sinusitis recovery in adults.
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| 32. |
- Lundin, Patrik
(författare)
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Laser Sensing for Quality Control and Classification – Applications for the Food Industry, Ecology and Medicine
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Monitoring constitutes a cornerstone, both for efficient control of optimized industrial processes and for obtaining knowledge about non-controlled, natural phenomena. This thesis is all about monitoring, or measurements. In this case the primary information is gathered with light, and in a non-intrusive, and usually a stand-off or remote way. The applications of optical monitoring in this work are directed towards some main areas: atmospheric gas monitoring, the food industry, ecology, and medicine. Some of the work cannot be classified as belonging solely to one of those groups, but is instead aimed at improving optical monitoring in general. Monitoring of gases in food packaging is the primary area within the food industry explored in the work of this thesis. A current trend is that food is increasingly often packed in so called modified atmospheres, where the air surrounding the product in the package has been replaced by another gas mixture. Monitoring is currently performed by intrusive spot-checks on a small number of packages, to make sure that they are actually tight enough to maintain the modified atmosphere all the way from manufacturing to the kitchen of the consumer. The studies in this thesis aim at introducing non-intrusive methods based on diode laser absorption spectroscopy, by which the gas in the packages may be checked, and re-checked, without breaking the seal. A long-term goal that could be realized with this technique is that more packages could be checked, perhaps on the production line and, at later stages, in the store. Waste could in this way be reduced if poor packing can be avoided, or remade, and the packing process and materials improved. The results are so far very promising and one specific technique variety was commercialized during the time of this thesis work. Diode laser spectroscopy has also been used in the medical field, where the primary goal was to introduce a way to monitor the air distribution in the lungs and intestines of prematurely born children. Both of these organs are often affected by a premature birth, and our results indicate that spectroscopic gas monitoring could be helpful. Interestingly enough, the techniques used for these medical measurements and for the packaging industry applications are almost identical. Apart from the work related to the food's packaging a pair of studies were also performed on the ``food" directly, namely on apple tissue and on tea. In a study of gas exchange in apples it was found, to our surprise, that apple pieces exposed to vacuum could maintain a low internal pressure for hours after re-exposure to ambient pressure. In a study on tea, fluorescence spectroscopy was evaluated as a means to obtain information on the quality of the product with a rapid, stand-off technique. A good correlation was found between the assessment by tea tasting experts and the fluorescence technique. Fluorescence spectroscopy was also used in this work on other organic materials, in the field of ecology where damselflies and birds were studied with the light detection and ranging (LIDAR) technique. Harmless pulses of UV laser radiation were emitted in a beam out into the atmosphere. The UV radiation induces fluorescence in the feathers of the birds and the abdomen and wings of the damselflies. The spectral features of the fluorescence are characteristic for different species, genders, or other characteristics, of the animals, and the technique can therefore be used for classification. The analogy with the tea study is strong. %A variety LIDAR was also employed for monitoring of gaseous mercury and nitric oxide in the atmosphere.
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| 33. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Laser spectroscopic gas concentration measurements in situations with unknown optical path length enabled by absorption line shape analysis
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 103:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concentrations of molecular oxygen and nitrogen in a gas mixture were determined by their impact on the shape of a water vapor line in the near infrared region using diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The shape of the water vapor line depends on the composition of other gases in the mixture and can therefore be used to deduce the concentration of partner molecules, e. g., oxygen, in the buffer. The method enables gas concentration measurements in situations when the path length is unknown, measurements of many gases simultaneously, and measurements of gases lacking suitable absorption lines. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Non-intrusive headspace gas measurements by laser spectroscopy – Performance validation by a reference sensor
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Food Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0260-8774. ; 111:4, s. 612-617
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedThe oxygen concentration in the headspace of a large number of liquid food containers is assessed with non-intrusive diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The results are compared to those given by a traditional intrusive measurement method. The upper portions of the containers are made of translucent but non-transparent plastic materials, through which the laser light is diffusively transmitted. Measurements are performed both on packages with modified atmosphere and with normal air conditions. It is concluded that the novel non-intrusive technique provides oxygen concentrations that generally differ by less than one percentage point from the reference sensor values.
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| 36. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Non-invasive gas monitoring in newborn infants using diode laser absorption spectroscopy: A case study
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XII: Toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics; and Design and Performance Validation of Phantoms Used in Conjunction with Optical Measurement of Tissue IV. - : SPIE. - 1996-756X .- 0277-786X. ; 8229
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-invasive diode laser spectroscopy was, for the first time, used to assess gas content in the intestines and the lungs of a new-born, 4 kg, baby. Two gases, water vapor and oxygen, were studied with two low-power tunable diode lasers, illuminating the surface skin tissue and detecting the diffusely emerging light a few centimeters away. The light, having penetrated into the tissue, had experienced absorption by gas located in the lungs and in the intestines. Very distinct water vapor signals were obtained from the intestines while imprint from oxygen was lacking, as expected. Detectable, but minor, signals of water vapor were also obtained from the lungs, illuminating the armpit area and detecting below the collar bone. Water vapor signals were seen but again oxygen signals were lacking, now due to the difficulties of penetration of the oxygen probing light into the lungs of this full-term baby. Ultra-sound images were obtained both from the lungs and from the stomach of the baby. Based on dimensions and our experimental findings, we conclude, that for early pre-term babies, also oxygen should be detectable in the lungs, in addition to intestine and lung detection of water vapor. The present paper focuses on the studies of the intestines while the lung studies will be covered in a forthcoming paper.
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| 37. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Noninvasive monitoring of gas in the lungs and intestines of newborn infants using diode lasers: feasibility study.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Optics. - 1083-3668. ; 18:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT. Preterm newborn infants have a high morbidity rate. The most frequently affected organs where free gas is involved are the lungs and intestines. In respiratory distress syndrome, both hyperexpanded and atelectatic (collapsed) areas occur, and in necrotizing enterocolitis, intramural gas may appear in the intestine. Today, these conditions are diagnosed with x-ray radiography. A bed-side, rapid, nonintrusive, and gas-specific technique for in vivo gas sensing would improve diagnosis. We report the use of noninvasive laser spectroscopy, for the first time, to assess gas content in the lungs and intestines of three full-term infants. Water vapor and oxygen were studied with two low-power diode lasers, illuminating the skin and detecting light a few centimeters away. Water vapor was easily detected in the intestines and was also observed in the lungs. The relatively thick chest walls of the infants prevented detection of the weaker oxygen signal in this study. However, results from a previous phantom study, together with scaling of the results presented here to the typical chest-wall thickness of preterm infants, suggest that oxygen also should be detectable in their lungs.
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| 38. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Passive unmanned sky spectroscopy for remote bird classification
- 2011
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Ingår i: Remote Sensing For Agriculture, Ecosystems, And Hydrology XIII. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 8174
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a method based on passive spectroscopy with aim to remotely study flying birds. A compact spectrometer is continuously recording spectra of a small section of the sky, waiting for birds to obscure part of the field-of-view when they pass the field in flight. In such situations the total light intensity received through the telescope, looking straight up, will change very rapidly as compared to the otherwise slowly varying sky light. On passage of a bird, both the total intensity and the spectral shape of the captured light changes notably. A camera aimed in the same direction as the telescope, although with a wider field-of-view, is triggered by the sudden intensity changes in the spectrometer to record additional information, which may be used for studies of migration and orientation. Example results from a trial are presented and discussed. The study is meant to explore the information that could be gathered and extracted with the help of a spectrometer connected to a telescope. Information regarding the color, size and height of flying birds is discussed. Specifically, an application for passive distance determination utilizing the atmospheric oxygen A-band absorption at around 760 nm is discussed.
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| 39. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Remote nocturnal bird classification by spectroscopy in extended wavelength ranges
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 2155-3165. ; 50:20, s. 3396-3411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present optical methods at a wide range of wavelengths for remote classification of birds. The proposed methods include eye-safe fluorescence and depolarization lidar techniques, passive scattering spectroscopy, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In this paper we refine our previously presented method of remotely classifying birds with the help of laser-induced beta-keratin fluorescence. Phenomena of excitation quenching are studied in the laboratory and are theoretically discussed in detail. It is shown how the ordered microstructures in bird feathers induce structural "colors" in the IR region with wavelengths of around 3-6 mu m. We show that transmittance in this region depends on the angle of incidence of the transmitted light in a species-specific way and that the transmittance exhibits a close correlation to the spatial periodicity in the arrangement of the feather barbules. We present a method by which the microstructure of feathers can be monitored in a remote fashion by utilization of thermal radiation and the wing beating of the bird. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
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| 40. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitivity enhancement and fringe reduction in tunable diode laser spectroscopy using hemispherical diffusers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 88:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of diffuse, highly reflective optical components, in particular, a hemispherical BaSO4 diffuser, at the point of light injection into non-transparent or turbid media was evaluated as a means to increase the measurement sensitivity of spectroscopic absorption measurements. By performing the light injection from, e.g., an optical fiber through a component designed to make the light diffuse and to reflect (and thereby re-inject) light scattered from the sample, the total amount of light delivered into the sample is increased. Further, the occurrence of possible interference fringes is strongly reduced.
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| 41. |
- Mei, Liang, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and validation of the frequency-modulated continuous-wave technique for assessment of photon migration in solid scattering media
- 2012
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Ingår i: Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics (Print). - : Springer Nature. - 0946-2171 .- 1432-0649. ; 109:3, s. 467-475
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FM-CW) technique, based on the beat signal of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer employing a frequency-ramped light source, is studied for solid scattering media applications. The method is used to evaluate the mean time-of-flight (MTOF) of light traveling in scattering media, specifically polystyrene foams. We assume that each the time-of-flight (TOF) time corresponds to different light scattering paths resulting in a different phase shift. The phase shift variations produce a speckle pattern, which together with the frequency leakage induced by the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) cause "spikes" in the power spectrum of the beat signal, thus decreasing the accuracy of the measured MTOF values in solid scattering media. For comparison, time-of-flight spectroscopy (TOFS) is also employed to evaluate the MTOF for the same samples, while the geometrical difference between these two techniques is compensated for by using diffusion theory. The MTOFs measured by the FMCW and TOFS techniques agree well, which demonstrates a great potential to develop a robust FMCW setup for simplified MTOF assessment.
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| 42. |
- Mei, Liang, et al.
(författare)
-
First attempt to monitor atmospheric glyoxal using differential absorption lidar
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the SPIE. - : SPIE. ; 853412
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glyoxal (CHOCHO), as an indicator of photochemical “hot spots”, was for the first time the subject of a differential absorption lidar (DIAL) campaign. The strongest absorption line of glyoxal in the blue wavelength region – 455.1 nm – was chosen as the experimental absorption wavelength. In order to handle the effects of absorption cross-section variation of the interfering gas – nitrogen dioxide (NO2) – three-wavelength DIAL measurements simultaneously detecting glyoxal and NO2, were performed. The differential absorption curves, recorded in July 2012, indicate an extremely low glyoxal concentration in Lund, Sweden, although it is expected to be peaking at this time of the year.© (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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| 43. |
- Mei, Liang, et al.
(författare)
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Gas spectroscopy and optical path-length assessment in scattering media using a frequency-modulated continuous-wave diode laser
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Optics Letters. - : Optica Publishing Group. - 0146-9592 .- 1539-4794. ; 36:16, s. 3036-3038
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simultaneous assessment of the spectroscopic absorption signal of gas enclosed in a scattering medium and the corresponding optical path length of the probing light is demonstrated using a single setup. Sensitive gas absorption measurements are performed by a tunable diode laser using wavelength-modulation spectroscopy, while the path length is evaluated by the frequency-modulated cw technique commonly used in the field of telecommunication. Proof-of-principle measurements are demonstrated with water vapor as the absorbing gas and using polystyrene foam as an inhomogeneously scattering medium. The combination of these techniques opens up new possibilities for straightforward evaluation of gas presence and exchange in scattering media.
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| 44. |
- Mei, Liang, et al.
(författare)
-
Tea classification and quality assessment using laser-induced fluorescence and chemometric evaluation
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 1559-128X .- 2155-3165. ; 51:7, s. 803-811
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser-induced fluorescence was used to evaluate the classification and quality of Chinese oolong teas and jasmine teas. The fluorescence of four different types of Chinese oolong teas-Guangdong oolong, North Fujian oolong, South Fujian oolong, and Taiwan oolong was recorded and singular value decomposition was used to describe the autofluoresence of the tea samples. Linear discriminant analysis was used to train a predictive chemometric model and a leave-one-out methodology was used to classify the types and evaluate the quality of the tea samples. The predicted classification of the oolong teas and the grade of the jasmine teas were estimated using this method. The agreement between the grades evaluated by the tea experts and by the chemometric model shows the potential of this technique to be used for practical assessment of tea grades.
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| 45. |
- Mill, O., et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis and development of hydro power research : synthesis within Swedish Hydro Power Centre
- 2010
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The market for hydropower re-investments in Sweden is approx 2.5 billion SEK/yr the coming decade. Large investments will also be carried out in Swedish tailing dams. This will result in challenging projects and need of experts. A crucial factor for a successful management of these challenges is the supply of engineers and researchers with hydro power and dam skills and knowledge. Swedish Hydro Power Centre (Svenskt vattenkraftcentrum, SVC) is a competence centre for university education and research environments within hydro power and mining dams. SVC comprises of two knowledge areas: Hydraulic Engineering and Hydro Turbines and Generators, respectively. SVC builds high-quality and long term sustainable knowledge at selected universities...
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| 46. |
-
Mozarts kvinnor
- 2020
-
Konstnärligt arbeteabstract
- I Mozarts kvinnor skapades nyskrivna texter och handling till operamusik av W. A. Mozart. Recitativen improviserades fram först i talad dialog och sedan med musik för att sedan läggas fast inför föreställningarna. Idé och koncept Lena Hellström-Färnlöf, regi Patrik Sörling, musikalisk ledning Bengt-Åke Lundin. Sångare från kammaroperautbildningen framförde konceptet. Arbetet utgick från idéer kring scenisk och musikalisk impuls. Både historiska och nutida frågeställningar om genus och corona berördes i den handling som genom improvisation med vissa förtecken växte fram tillsammans med teamet och sångstudenterna under våren 2020. Arbetet dokumenterades genom audio/video-inspelning.
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| 47. |
- Nair, Ramkumar B., et al.
(författare)
-
Optimizing dilute phosphoric acid pretreatment of wheat straw in the laboratory and in a demonstration plant for ethanol and edible fungal biomass production using Neurospora intermedia.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986). - : Wiley. - 0268-2575 .- 1097-4660.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND : A method is described that uses dil. phosphoric acid for wheat straw pretreatment and subsequent ethanol and fungal biomass prodn. with the edible fungus Neurospora intermedia. Dil. phosphoric acid pretreatment of wheat straw was optimized at a lab. scale, and the results were validated in a biorefinery demonstration plant for the first time. The various conditions for the dil. acid pretreatment include such factors as phosphoric acid concns. (0.5-3.0% w/v), temp. (150-210 °C), and reaction time (5-20 min). RESULTS : The optimal pretreatment conditions were detd. as an acid concn. of 1.75% (w/v) at a temp. of 190 °C for 15 min, based on the max. enzymic digestibility with the min. inhibitor release. The efficiency of enzymic polysaccharide hydrolysis was 36% for untreated straw and 86% for straw pretreated with dil. phosphoric acid. Scale up of the pretreatment at a biorefinery demonstration plant improved the process, with the subsequent efficiency of polysaccharide hydrolysis being 95% of the theor. max. Ethanol fermn. of enzymically hydrolyzed wheat straw using N. intermedia showed an improvement in the ethanol yield from 29% (with untreated straw) to 94% (with dil. phosphoric acid pretreated straw) of the theor. max. CONCLUSION : This study opens up an alternative strategy for the efficient use of wheat straw for the prodn. of ethanol and edible fungal biomass in existing wheat-to-ethanol plants.
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| 48. |
- Nair, Ramkumar, et al.
(författare)
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Dilute phosphoric acid pretreatment of wheat bran for enzymatic hydrolysis and subsequent ethanol production by edible fungi Neurospora intermedia.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 69, s. 314-323
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of an underutilized and abundant lignocellulosic feedstock residue, wheat bran, was studied for ethanol prodn. using dil. phosphoric acid pretreatment followed by fermn. using edible fungi Neurospora intermedia. Wheat bran was subjected to dil. acid pretreatment at varying acid concns. (0.5-3.0% w/v), temp. (150-210 °C), and reaction time (5-20 min). The interaction of multiple factors showed the optimum pretreatment conditions at acid concn. of 1.75% (w/v), at 190 °C for 10 min. The max. total polysaccharide yield of 0.27 ± 0.01 g/g dry biomass loading, corresponding to 66% of the theor. max. was obsd. Subsequent fermn. with N. intermedia showed 85% of the theor. max. ethanol yield from the untreated bran glucose. The effect of the dil. acid pretreatment on the functional groups of the wheat bran cellulose was detd. with 78% redn. in the cellulose crystallinity index. The validation of the dil. phosphoric acid pretreatment in a demo plant is also reported for the first time. Enzymic hydrolysis of pretreated slurry from the demo plant showed 85% total theor. yield of polysaccharides. Compared to the untreated bran biomass, an increase of 51% was obsd. in the ethanol yield following pretreatment, with a total ethanol yield of 95% theor. max. Higher yield of ethanol is also attributed to the xylose fermenting capability of the fungi. [on SciFinder(R)]
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| 49. |
- Nyman, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Pellet formation of zygomycetes and immobilization of yeast
- 2013
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Ingår i: New Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-6784 .- 1876-4347. ; 30:5, s. 516-522
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pelleted growth provides many advantages for filamentous fungi, including decreased broth viscosity, improved aeration, stirring, and heat transfer. Thus, the factors influencing the probability of pellet formation of Rhizopus sp. in a defined medium was investigated using a multifactorial experimental design. Temperature, agitation intensity, Ca2+-concentration, pH, and solid cellulose particles, each had a significant effect on pelletization. Tween 80, spore concentration, and liquid volume were not found to have a significant effect. All of the effects were additive; no interactions were significant. The results were used to create a simple defined medium inducing pelletization, which was used for immobilization of a flocculating strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the zygomycetes pellets. A flor-forming S. cerevisiae strain was also immobilized, while a non-flocculating strain colonized the pellets but was not immobilized. No adverse effects were detected as a result of the close proximity between the filamentous fungus and the yeast, which potentially allows for co-fermentation with S. cerevisiae immobilized in pellets of zygomycetes
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| 50. |
- Osadolor, Osagie Alex, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Membrane stress analysis of collapsible tanks andbioreactors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biochemical engineering journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1369-703X .- 1873-295X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collapsible tanks, vessels or bioreactors are finding increasing usage in small/medium scaleprocesses because they offer flexibility and lower cost. However, if they are to be used atlarge scale, they need to be shown capable of handling the physical stress exerted on them.Because of their nonconventional shape and non-uniform pressure distribution, thin shellanalysis cannot be used in calculating their stress. Defining curvature in terms of pressureaddressed these challenges. Using curvature and numerical analysis, the membrane stress incollapsible tanks designed as bioreactors of volumes between 100-1000 m3 were calculated.When the liquid/gas height and static pressure are known, an equation for calculating tensionper length was developed. An equation that could calculate the liquid height from thebioreactor’s volume, dimensions and working capacity was generated. The equation gavevalues of liquid height with a maximum deviation of 3% from that calculated by curvatureanalysis. The stress values from the liquid height and tension equations had a maximumdeviation of 6% from those calculated by curvature analysis. The calculated tensile stress in a1000 m3 collapsible tank was 14.2 MPa. From these calculations, materials that optimize bothcost and safety can be selected when designing collapsible tanks.
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