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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Elfving, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Dissemination of Spotted Fever Rickettsia Agents in Europe by Migrating Birds
- 2010
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Migratory birds are known to play a role as long-distance vectors for many microorganisms. To investigate whether this is true of rickettsial agents as well, we characterized tick infestation and gathered ticks from 13,260 migratory passerine birds in Sweden. A total of 1127 Ixodes spp. ticks were removed from these birds and the extracted DNA from 957 of them was available for analyses. The DNA was assayed for detection of Rickettsia spp. using real-time PCR, followed by DNA sequencing for species identification. Rickettsia spp. organisms were detected in 108 (11.3%) of the ticks. Rickettsia helvetica, a spotted fever rickettsia associated with human infections, was predominant among the PCR-positive samples. In 9 (0.8%) of the ticks, the partial sequences of 17kDa and ompB genes showed the greatest similarity to Rickettsia monacensis, an etiologic agent of Mediterranean spotted fever-like illness, previously described in southern Europe as well as to the Rickettsia sp. IrITA3 strain. For 15 (1.4%) of the ticks, the 17kDa, ompB, gltA and ompA genes showed the greatest similarity to Rickettsia sp. strain Davousti, Rickettsia japonica and Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, all closely phylogenetically related, the former previously found in Amblyomma tholloni ticks in Africa and previously not detected in Ixodes spp. ticks. The infestation prevalence of ticks infected with rickettsial organisms was four times higher among ground foraging birds than among other bird species, but the two groups were equally competent in transmitting Rickettsia species. The birds did not seem to serve as reservoir hosts for Rickettsia spp., but in one case it seems likely that the bird was rickettsiemic and that the ticks had acquired the bacteria from the blood of the bird. In conclusion, migratory passerine birds host epidemiologically important vector ticks and Rickettsia species and contribute to the geographic distribution of spotted fever rickettsial agents and their diseases.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Per
(författare)
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Avian Influenza Virus : Deciphering receptor interactions and their role in interspecies transmission
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Influenza A virus (IAV) annually infects approximately 5–15 % of the human population, causing ~500,000 deaths globally. Novel IAVs have emerged and spread pandemically in the human population, but have over time established endemic circulation with reduced pathogenicity causing seasonal influenza. The natural reservoir of IAVs is wild waterfowl. The past pandemics have been associated with host switch and have partly or entirely originated from birds, or adapted via passage through pigs (postulated IAV mixing vessel). Understanding IAV interspecies transmission mechanisms is essential for pandemic preparedness. Enzootic circulation of avian IAV (AIV) is concentrated to a few waterfowl species, while other bird species seldom are infected. A species barrier preventing IAV interspecies transmission has been suggested. To investigate IAV host range and mixing vessels, histochemistry studies were conducted with tissues from avian species, pigs, and humans. Virus adaptation to new hosts was studied by challenging tufted ducks and chickens with mallard-derived AIVs, together with AIV receptor tropism and glycoproteomic analysis of receptor distribution. Finally, receptor and tissue tropism in ducks was studied systematically for AIV (H1–16). More abundant AIV attachment to human than pig tissues was observed, questioning the pig mixing vessel theory. Attachment patterns of AIVs to bird tissues was generally broad with abundant attachment to trachea. However, among ducks, pronounced attachment was observed to colon of Anas spp., suggesting that intestinal infection might be restricted to Anas spp., whereas other species may be susceptible to respiratory infection. Tufted ducks and chickens could not be infected by intraesophageal inoculation further supporting this hypothesis. Glycan array analysis revealed 3’SLN, 3’STF, and their fucosylated and sulfated analogues as main AIV receptors. Moreover, AIV Neu5Acα2,6 recognition was widespread. Avian respiratory and intestinal tracts glycoproteomic analysis revealed that avian and mammalian receptor structures are much more similar than earlier thought. Furthermore, observed AIV subtype titer variation in challenged tufted ducks and chickens did not correlate with virus receptor tropism. In summary, this thesis suggests that IAV receptor recognition, in particular α2,3 vs. α2,6 sialylated receptor structures, is less important for the IAV interspecies barrier than previously thought.
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| 5. |
- Gherasim, Alin, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors and potential preventive measures for nephropatia epidemica in Sweden 2011-2012 : a case-control study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Infection Ecology & Epidemiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8686. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Nephropatia epidemica (NE), a relatively mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by the Puumala virus (PUUV), is endemic in northern Sweden. We aim to study the risk factors associated with NE in this region.METHODS: We conducted a matched case-control study between June 2011 and July 2012. We compared confirmed NE cases with randomly selected controls, matched by age, sex, and place of infection or residence. We analyzed the association between NE and several occupational, environmental, and behavioral exposures using conditional logistic regression.RESULTS: We included in the final analysis 114 cases and 300 controls, forming 246 case-control pairs. Living in a house with an open space beneath, making house repairs, living less than 50 m from the forest, seeing rodents, and smoking were significantly associated with NE.CONCLUSION: Our results could orient public health policies targeting these risk factors and subsequently reduce the NE burden in the region.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Karl-Axel, et al.
(författare)
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The quality assurance process for the ARTSCAN head and neck study - a practical interactive approach for QA in 3DCRT and IMRT.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 87:2, s. 290-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This paper describes the quality assurance (QA) work performed in the Swedish multicenter ARTSCAN (Accelerated RadioTherapy of Squamous cell CArcinomas in the head and Neck) trial to guarantee high quality in a multicenter study which involved modern radiotherapy such as 3DCRT or IMRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was closed in June 2006 with 750 randomised patients. Radiation therapy-related data for every patient were sent by each participating centre to the QA office where all trial data were reviewed, analysed and stored. In case of any deviation from the protocol, an interactive process was started between the QA office and the local responsible clinician and/or physicist to increase the compliance to the protocol for future randomised patients. Meetings and workshops were held on a regular basis for discussions on various trial-related issues and for the QA office to report on updated results. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: This review covers the 734 patients out of a total of 750 who had entered the study. Deviations early in the study were corrected so that the overall compliance to the protocol was very high. There were only negligible variations in doses and dose distributions to target volumes for each specific site and stage. The quality of the treatments was high. Furthermore, an extensive database of treatment parameters was accumulated for future dose-volume vs. endpoint evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive QA programme increased the probability to draw firm conclusions from our study and may serve as a concept for QA work in future radiotherapy trials where comparatively small effects are searched for in a heterogeneous tumour population.
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| 7. |
- Kasteng, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness of maintenance rituximab treatment after second line therapy in patients with follicular lymphoma in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 47:6, s. 1029-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Rituximab has significantly improved the prognosis for patients with both indolent and aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. An economic evaluation was carried out to assess the cost-effectiveness in Sweden of rituximab as maintenance therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma in remission after second line therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The incremental cost and effectiveness of rituximab maintenance therapy versus observation were evaluated in a health-state transition model. Primary effect measures were quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) and life-years gained (LYG). Model state transitions were calculated based on progression-free and overall survival data from the EORTC20981 trial. The analysis was made from the perspective of the healthcare provider, including direct medical costs presented in euro, 2007 value. Effects and costs were discounted at a 3% annual rate. The stability of the base case results were tested in one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: The evaluation assessed rituximab maintenance therapy to be associated with an incremental cost per QALY gained of euro 12,600 and an incremental cost per LYG of euro 11,200. The average discounted life expectancy for patients on rituximab maintenance was 1.0 year longer than for patients on observation (5.96 vs. 4.94 years). Rituximab maintenance was associated with an additional 0.9 QALY, and total costs per patient were euro 11,500 higher in the treatment arm, compared to observation. DISCUSSION: The results indicate that rituximab maintenance treatment after successful induction therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma in Sweden is cost-effective compared to observation.
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| 8. |
- Lundkvist, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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A new entrance for sustainable gender equality
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable regional and business development depends on the access to people motivated to invest their lives in the region and the enterprises. But in a time of demographical changes, urbanization and new values regarding life and work among the next generation the issue of being attractive is crucial for both a region and enterprises. This paper describes the interactive collaboration between a research project and an enterprise in a semirural area in Sweden. A collaboration aiming for a more gender mainstreamed organization in order to retain and attract the best-suited labor for tomorrow. During the long term process the enterprise became more conscious of being a gender equal employer. The interaction gave the enterprise a platform for continued development with gender equality as an important element in developing a strong employer brand.
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| 9. |
- Lundkvist, Hans, 1956-
(författare)
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A proposal for Sustainable Employer Brand : From market and product theory to sustainable development theories
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of employer brand involves a multidisciplinary field synthesizing theory from a range of academic disciplines often based on research on large organizations embracing the issues of recruitment and retention. The purpose of this article is to analyze whether theories of sustainable development programs can provide an additional basis for the predominant brand and market literature in order to understand how investments in financial and human resources can become more socially sustainable. The results of a literature review highlight certain similarities indicating that theories from sustainable development programs can support the understanding and practice of employer branding. This will hopefully inspire more deductive and empirical research on how to improve the sustainability of an employer brand. The practical implication is a de-mystification of the concept of employer brand in the eyes of practitioners by suggesting strategies and division of responsibilities when an organization decides to take the first steps to mobilize in "the war for talent."
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| 10. |
- Lundkvist, Hans, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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’Doing Gender’ in a Local and Regional Context : An Innovative Process of Mainstreaming Gender Equality
- 2012
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Ingår i: Promoting Innovation. - Stockholm : VINNOVA–Verket för Innovationssystem. - 9789186517717 ; , s. 291-311
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable regional and business development depends on access to people motivated to invest their lives in a region and its enterprise. However in a time of demographical changes, urbanisation and new values on life and work among the next generation, the issue of attractiveness is crucial for both a region and its workplaces. The purpose of this chapter is to describe a process methodology for increased gender awareness in an enterprise and to emphasise the relationship between organisational and regional de- velopment. In this context, we use the innovative combination of the two scientific fields, gender and action-research in a collaborative project between researchers and an engineering enterprise in a semi-rural area of Sweden. This collaboration aims for a more gender mainstreamed organisation so as to retain and attract the most suitable labour for the future. During the long-term process, the employer and employees be- came more conscious of the importance of gender-equal issues; a factor we believe to be an important prerequisite of sustainable growth.
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| 11. |
- Lundkvist, Hans
(författare)
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Employer brand opens up for a gender process model
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - : Det Kgl. Bibliotek/Royal Danish Library. - 2245-0157. ; 1:2, s. 99-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regardless of a long tradition of legislation, policymaking and practical achievements, the issues ofgender equality and of the segregated labor market still remain a matter of concern in Sweden. Thispaper describes a collaborative process between a research project and an engineering enterprise.It describes the point of departure, based on the concept of employer brand, of a long-term changeprocess and the different phases and activities during an intensive period 2009. The collaborationaimed to develop innovative methods, and to apply them in order to achieve increased genderawareness, and thereby to be able to retain and attract the best labor for tomorrow. Differentapproaches and methods as analogies, anecdotes, and pictures were used to nourish the process.Findings showed that the interactive process contributed to increased awareness. During the processthe enterprise became more conscious of the potential of being a gender equal employer
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Lundkvist, Hans
(författare)
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Gender Aware Employer Branding: How to Become Authentic, Unique and Attractive
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Business and Management. - : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1833-3850 .- 1833-8119. ; 10:11, s. 62-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite a global financial crisis, the concept Employer Branding became the point of departure for an interactive collaboration between an engineering company and a research team. When reviewing academic literature the conclusion was that very few articles combine the concepts of employer brand and gender equality. This article contributes theoretically to promote and examine arguments for the potential of adopting a gender perspective when developing an employer brand and when compiling the employer value propositioning. The article intends to inspire organizations to use a gender perspective when developing the employer value proposition in order to promote propositions reflecting the organization. It will also open avenues for further research by synthesizing the two fields.
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| 14. |
- Lundkvist, Hans, 1956-
(författare)
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Genusmedveten utveckling av arbetsgivarvarumärket för hållbar kompetensförsörjning
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tillgång till mänskliga resurser är avgörande för många företags långsiktiga utveckling och överlevnad. Demografiska förändringar och tecken på ökade svårigheter att rekrytera personal leder till att allt fler verksamheter måste reflektera över sitt arbetsgivarvarumärke i syfte att behålla och attrahera rätt personal. Inte bara demografiska förändringar utan även könssegregerade strukturera kan försvåra detta. Segregering, traditioner och stereotypa förhållningsätt påverkar individers utbildnings- och yrkesval vilket begränsar tillgången till kompetens.Med finansiering från VINNOVA för tillämpad genusforskning inledde en forskargrupp och ett ingenjörsföretag i Dalarna, 2009, ett samarbete för att gemensamt utveckla kunskap om hur en verksamhet kan bli mer attraktiv i syfte att underlätta framtida kompetensförsörjning utifrån ett genusperspektiv. De erfarenheter och frågeställningar som samarbetet genererade lade grund till denna avhandling. Syftet med avhandlingen är att öka den vetenskapliga kunskapen om hur begreppet arbetsgivarvarumärke kan utvecklas ur ett genusperspektiv för att öka arbetsgivares förmåga att rekrytera och behålla kompetent personal oavsett kön.För att besvara avhandlingens frågeställningar har olika vetenskapsområden kombinerats: Teorier om varumärke, arbetsgivarvarumärke, genusvetenskap och förändringsprocesser har varit grundläggande. Från det genusvetenskapliga fältet har främst begreppet ”doing gender” (göra kön) varit centralt för att förstå hur genus kan ses som ett vardagligt görande i organisationer. Även teorier om hållbara förändringsprocesser och utvecklingsprogram har använts för att öka förståelsen för organisering, ansvarsfördelning och utveckling av ett långsiktigt hållbart arbetsgivarvarumärke. Metoden för samverkan med det studerade företaget byggde på aktionsforskning med en abduktiv ansats där parterna gemensamt planerade och genomförde insatser. För att besvara de frågeställningar som uppstod i samarbetet med företaget användes forskningsdatabaser för att ta fram underlag för litteraturstudier.Avhandlingen bidrar med en vetenskaplig analys av hur ett genusperspektiv praktiskt och teoretiskt kan integreras i processen för utveckling av ett attraktivt arbete. Dessutom analyseras förslag på hur ansvarsfördelning och organisering kan utformas i en långsiktigt hållbar utvecklingsprocess för ett arbetsgivarvarumärke.
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| 15. |
- Lundkvist, Hans, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Stay with me : forskarstödd samverkan för att bibehålla, attrahera och rekrytera personal
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här studiens syfte var att öka kunskapen om hur sjuksköterskor inom kommunal hälso- och sjukvård upplever sitt arbete genom att identifiera vilka faktorer (attribut) som anses viktiga för att arbetet ska upplevas som attraktivt på lång sikt. Ett andra syfte var mer metodologiskt att visa ett exempel på förändringsarbete med avsikt att uppnå det första syftet.Samverkan och den metod som tillämpades bygger på deltagande aktionsforskning vilken kan ses som en experimentell forskningsmetod för interventioner, utveckling och förändring med huvudsakligt syftet att producera ny kunskap tillsammans med praktiken. Studien omfattar ett antal, delvis parallella insatser. De fyra huvudsakliga stegen var förankring, mätning, kunskapsväxling och uppföljning.Förankring genomfördes genom fysiska träffar mellan Högskolan Dalarnas projektgrupp och en ledningsgrupp i Avesta kommun bestående av förvaltningschef även resultatenhetschef för Vård och Omsorg, Medicinskt ansvarig sjuksköterska, enhetschef för Sjuksköterskeenheten/hemsjukvården och en HR konsult. Nästa steg innebar insamling av data dels via enkäten Attraktivt arbete och dels genom intervjuer med sjuksköterskorna. Kunskapsväxling genomfördes genom två workshopar med personalen där resultat från mätningarna diskuterades. Uppföljning genomfördes regelbundet med projektets ledningsgrupp.Resultaten visar på totalt åtta faktorer som betydelsefulla för arbetets attraktivitet och viljan att stanna kvar. Fyra av dessa faktorer; relationer, eftertraktad, lojalitet och fysisk arbetsmiljö, var förhållandevis välfungerande i det nuvarande arbetet och benämndes som framgångsfaktorer för ett attraktivt arbete. Övriga fyra faktorer; arbetstid, arbetstakt, stimulans och adekvat utrustning, var mindre välfungerande i det nuvarande arbetet och benämndes därför som mindre välfungerande faktorer för ett attraktivt arbete. Metoden har visat sig vara lämplig för förändringsarbete i en kommunal verksamhet.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Lundkvist, Hans
(författare)
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Why are WE not more attractive for women? : different perspectives on a collaboration process to increase gender awareness
- 2012
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Access to human resources is a crucial factor in most cases of business and regional development. Due to demographical changes, urbanization and new values among the next generation, the competition to find the right workforce is likely to increase. Reports have stressed that the difficulties for companies to find the right labor can become a hindrance to sustainable business and regional development. Considering the low proportion of women in the field of engineering, only 20 percent, one must ask; Why are WE (Works in Engineering) not more attractive for women? The purpose of this thesis is to describe the collaboration between an expanding enterprise in a semirural area and a gender research project, from three different perspectives in order to find some answers for the overarching question. In the first paper, the purpose is to describe and analyze the creation of a process model for gender awareness within an enterprise. The second paper will, with the same empirical data, focus on the interdependence between enterprise and region. Finally, the last paper, written for a conference in India, addressing readers unfamiliar with the gender equality issue in the Swedish context, describes how a male facilitator combines disclosing personal life experiences with other methods, as a strategy to inspire men to consider a gender perspective, to use gender glasses. Gender equality has been a topic on the political agenda in Sweden for a long time. Although much progress has been made, many obstructive structures remain. Sweden is one of the European countries that have the highest participation rate for women in the labor force. However, the labor market is highly gender-segregated, both horizontally, which refers to the concentration of women and men in different types of jobs, and vertically, the concentration of women and men in different jobtasks and positions. Due to this background, the innovation system, Triple Steelix, was granted funding by VINNOVA for the project “Gender Perspective for Attractive Work”, in the fall of 2008. The purpose of the research project was to develop methods and knowledge that would contribute to increased gender awareness in order for employers to become more attractive to current and potential staff. The framework for the collaboration is action research in combination with feminist theory, the concept of “doing gender”, theories of masculinity, and attractive work theories. Different approaches and methods, such as analogies, anecdotes, and pictures, have been used during workshops with the organization, in order to nourish the joint learning process.Findings are that in an industrial environment with an “engineering discourse”,driven by a technical-economic rationality that prioritizes market demands, gender issues are not often seen as a parameter for sustainable business or regional development. Nevertheless, the project demonstrates that with an interactive approach and an open dialogue that considers the company's needs, arguments, and intervention for more gender-equal workplaces do not necessarily meet resistance. In this case, the concept of employer brand was the admission ticket for the collaboration. The combination of different participatory methods that were adapted to the context made it possible to counter resistance from individuals and to discuss gender from different perspectives and ways of reasoning. Another conclusion is that when launching long-term transformational processes in an organization, gender should not remain a “non-issue”. When gender issues are integrated, it will contribute to examining the organization from a new perspective regarding issues such as power, symbols, and relations. In the described collaboration, gender perspective was integrated and the enterprise became more aware of gender issues as an important component of strengthening the employer brand. The principle of the described process model can probably be used in similar cases if adapted to a local context.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Waldenström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Migrating birds and tickborne encephalitis virus
- 2007
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 13:8, s. 1215-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During spring and autumn 2001, we screened 13,260 migrating birds at Ottenby Bird Observatory, Sweden, and found 3.4% were infested with ticks. Four birds, each a different passerine species, carried tickborne encephalitis virus (TBEV)-infected ticks (Ixodes ricinus). Migrating birds may play a role in the geographic dispersal of TBEV-infected ticks.
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