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- Knudstrup, E., et al.
(författare)
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Radial velocity confirmation of a hot super-Neptune discovered by TESS with a warm Saturn-mass companion
- 2023
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 519:4, s. 5637-5655
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the discovery and confirmation of the planetary system TOI-1288. This late G dwarf harbours two planets: TOI-1288 b and TOI-1288 c. We combine TESS space-borne and ground-based transit photometry with HARPS-N and HIRES high-precision Doppler measurements, which we use to constrain the masses of both planets in the system and the radius of planet b. TOI-1288 b has a period of 2.699835(-0.000003)(+0.000004) d, a radius of 5.24 +/- 0.09 R-circle plus, and a mass of 42 +/- 3 M-circle plus, making this planet a hot transiting super-Neptune situated right in the Neptunian desert. This desert refers to a paucity of Neptune-sized planets on short period orbits. Our 2.4-yr-long Doppler monitoring of TOI-1288 revealed the presence of a Saturn-mass planet on a moderately eccentric orbit (0.13(-0.09)(+0.07)) with a minimum mass of 84 +/- 7 M-circle plus and a period of 443(-13)(+11) d. The five sectors worth of TESS data do not cover our expected mid-transit time for TOI-1288 c, and we do not detect a transit for this planet in these sectors.
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- Wallensten, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Surveillance of influenza A virus in migratory waterfowl in northern Europe
- 2007
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. - 1080-6040 ; 13:3, s. 404-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted large-scale, systematic sampling of influenza type A virus in migratory waterfowl (mostly mallards [Anas platyrhynchos]) at Ottenby Bird Observatory, southeast Sweden. As with previous studies, we found a higher prevalence in fall than spring, and among juveniles compared with adults. However, in contrast to other studies, we found that prevalence in spring was sometimes high (mean 4.0%, highest 9.5%). This finding raises the possibility that ducks are capable of perpetuating influenza A virus of different subtypes and subtype combinations throughout the year and from 1 year to the next. Isolation of the H5 and H7 subtypes was common, which suggests risk for transmission to sensitive domestic animals such as poultry. We argue that wild bird screening can function as a sentinel system, and we give an example of how it could have been used to forecast a remote and deadly outbreak of influenza A in poultry.
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- Hepojoki, J, et al.
(författare)
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Acute hantavirus infection induces galectin-3-binding protein
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2099 .- 0022-1317. ; 95:Pt 11, s. 2356-2364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses that cause life-threatening diseases when transmitted to humans. Severe hantavirus infection is manifested by impairment of renal function, pulmonary oedema and capillary leakage. Both innate and adaptive immune responses contribute to the pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we showed that galectin-3-binding protein (Gal-3BP) was upregulated as a result of hantavirus infection bothin vitroandin vivo. Gal-3BP is a secreted glycoprotein found in human serum, and increased Gal-3BP levels have been reported in chronic viral infections and in several types of cancer. Ourin vitroexperiments showed that, whilst Vero E6 cells (an African green monkey kidney cell line) constitutively expressed and secreted Gal-3BP, this protein was detected in primary human cells only as a result of hantavirus infection. Analysis of Gal-3BP levels in serum samples of cynomolgus macaques infected experimentally with hantavirus indicated that hantavirus infection induced Gal-3BP alsoin vivo. Finally, analysis of plasma samples collected from patients hospitalized because of acute hantavirus infection showed higher Gal-3BP levels during the acute than the convalescent phase. Furthermore, the Gal-3BP levels in patients with haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome correlated with increased complement activation and with clinical variables reflecting the severity of acute hantavirus infection.
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- Plyusnin, A, et al.
(författare)
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Puumala hantavirus genome in patients with nephropathia epidemica: correlation of PCR positivity with HLA haplotype and link to viral sequences in local rodents
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical microbiology. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 35:5, s. 1090-1096
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reverse transcription-PCR was used to analyze specimens from 20 Finnish nephropathia epidemica (NE) patients hospitalized during the period from October 1994 to January 1995. Blood and/or urine sediment specimens from seven patients were found to be positive for the genome sequences of Puumala hantavirus (PUU). PCR positivity of the specimens from the patients correlated well with the HLA-DRB1*0301 and HLA B8 alleles, which previously were shown to associate with severe courses of NE. Genetic analysis of the partial M-and/or S-segment sequences obtained from three severely ill NE patients revealed three PUU strains related to but distinct from previously reported strains from Finland. The M-segment sequence of PUU from bank voles trapped near the probable site of infection for one of the patients showed 98.2% identity to that of the PUU strain obtained from the patient, suggesting a link between wild-type PUU from the natural focus and the NE case. The S-segment sequences from the patient and the bank voles, however, showed substantially lower identity (95.8%). As this difference in diversity for M and S genes (1.8 and 4.2%) is atypical for PUU genetic drift, one possibility is that the strain acquired at the putative place of infection is a reassortant one.
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- Goeijenbier, M., et al.
(författare)
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The hanta hunting study : underdiagnosis of Puumala hantavirus infections in symptomatic non-travelling leptospirosis-suspected patients in the Netherlands, in 2010 and April to November 2011
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 19:32, s. 27-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leptospirosis and haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) are hard to distinguish clinically since these two important rodent-borne zoonoses share hallmark symptoms such as renal failure and haemorrhage. Leptospirosis is caused by infection with a spirochete while HFRS is the result of an infection with certain hantaviruses. Both diseases are relatively rare in the Netherlands. Increased incidence of HFRS has been observed since 2007 in countries that border the Netherlands. Since a similar rise in incidence has not been registered in the Netherlands, we hypothesise that due to overlapping clinical manifestations, hantavirus infections may be confused with leptospirosis, leading to underdiagnosis. Therefore, we tested a cohort of non-travelling Dutch patients with symptoms compatible with leptospirosis, but with a negative diagnosis, during 2010 and from April to November 2011. Sera were screened with pan-hantavirus IgG and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Sera with IgM reactivity were tested by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). ELISA (IgM positive) and IFA results were confirmed using focus reduction neutralisation tests (FRNTs). We found hantavirus-specific IgG and/or IgM antibodies in 4.3% (11/255) of samples taken in 2010 and in 4.1% (6/146) of the samples during the 2011 period. After FRNT confirmation, seven patients were classed as having acute Puumala virus infections. A review of hantavirus diagnostic requests revealed that at least three of the seven confirmed acute cases as well as seven probable acute cases of hantavirus infection were missed in the Netherlands during the study period.
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- Cederroth, CR, et al.
(författare)
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Medicine in the Fourth Dimension
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cell metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1932-7420 .- 1550-4131. ; 30:2, s. 238-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Etherden, Nicholas, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of ancillary services from a virtual power plant in an existing subtransmision network
- 2013
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Ingår i: Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT EUROPE). - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781479929849 ; , s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of a feasibility study of a virtual power plant (VPP) in central Sweden designed to provide ancillary services to a 50-kV distribution network. The VPP consists of a wind park, hydro plant and reservoir as well as solar PVs and battery energy storage. The 50-kV subtransmission network was modeled in order to evaluate the ancillary services that could be provided by coordinating existing distributed energy resources in the network. Simulations were performed using measured hourly variations in production and consumption at all network nodes. The studied ancillary services include both reactive and active power control. Contribution from the VPP is evaluated for balancing, to enable a producer to meet spot markets bids and avoid purchases of balancing power minimize peak load in order to reduce subscribed power and tariff to the regional 130-kV network decrease network losses the contribution from reactive power control using the power converters to reduce the reactive power flow to the overlying network. Quantification of the economic gains from each operation case is provided.
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- Katsogiannos, Petros, et al.
(författare)
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Early Changes in Adipose Tissue Morphology, Gene Expression, and Metabolism After RYGB in Patients With Obesity and T2D
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 104:7, s. 2601-2613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery effectively prevents or treats type 2 diabetes (T2D). Adipose tissue (AT) mechanisms may be of importance.Objective: To assess the relationship between early changes in whole-body and AT metabolism in surgically treated patients with T2D.Design and Setting: A randomized single-center study.Patients: Nineteen patients with T2D with body mass index 30 to 45 kg/m(2).Interventions: Thirteen patients were assessed at baseline and 4 and 24 weeks after RYGB (preceded by a 4-week low-calorie diet) and compared with 6 control patients continuing standard medical treatment: oral glucose tolerance test, subcutaneous AT biopsies for gene expression, adipocyte size, glucose uptake, lipolysis, and insulin action.Results: At 4 and 24 weeks post-RYGB, all patients but one had stopped diabetes medication. Fasting glucose, HbA(1c), and insulin levels decreased and the Matsuda index increased compared with baseline (P < 0.01 for all), indicating improved whole-body insulin sensitivity. Mean adipocyte size significantly reduced, more at 4 than at 24 weeks; at 4 weeks, glucose uptake per adipocyte was lowered, and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis tended to increase, whereas the fold insulin effects on glucose uptake and lipolysis were unchanged. Expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, CPT1b and adiponectin, was increased at 4 weeks, whereas leptin and E2F1 (involved in cell proliferation) were reduced (P < 0.05 for all).Conclusion: Glycemic control and in vivo insulin sensitivity improved 4 weeks after RYGB, but adipocyte insulin sensitivity did not change despite a marked reduction in adipocyte size. Thus, mechanisms for a rapid improvement of T2D after RYGB may occur mainly in other tissues than adipose.
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- Luttens, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Ultralarge Virtual Screening Identifies SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors with Broad-Spectrum Activity against Coronaviruses
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 144:7, s. 2905-2920
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 could have saved millions of lives during the COVID-19 pandemic, and it is now crucial to develop inhibitors of coronavirus replication in preparation for future outbreaks. We explored two virtual screening strategies to find inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease in ultralarge chemical libraries. First, structure-based docking was used to screen a diverse library of 235 million virtual compounds against the active site. One hundred top-ranked compounds were tested in binding and enzymatic assays. Second, a fragment discovered by crystallographic screening was optimized guided by docking of millions of elaborated molecules and experimental testing of 93 compounds. Three inhibitors were identified in the first library screen, and five of the selected fragment elaborations showed inhibitory effects. Crystal structures of target-inhibitor complexes confirmed docking predictions and guided hit-to-lead optimization, resulting in a noncovalent main protease inhibitor with nanomolar affinity, a promising in vitro pharmacokinetic profile, and broad-spectrum antiviral effect in infected cells.
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