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1.	Ahlström, Gerd, et al. (författare) A Psychometric Evaluation of the Family Collaboration Scale and an Investigation of How the Close Family of Frail Older Patients Perceive the Collaboration with Healthcare Professionals on Acute Medical Wards at Hospitals in Sweden 2022 Ingår i: Healthcare. - : MDPI. - 2227-9032. ; 10:3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The inclusion of family members in the acute care of older persons with complex needs results in better coordination of care and reduces the frequency and/or duration of rehospitalisation. Therefore, healthcare professionals need a tool to assess the collaboration with family members on acute hospital wards. The aims were to test the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Family Collaboration Scale (FCS), to investigate family members' perception of collaboration with healthcare professionals on acute medical wards in Sweden and to compare the data with the corresponding Danish results. Three hundred and sixty family members of frail patients aged 65 or older from 13 acute medical wards answered the FCS questionnaire. In addition to descriptive statistics, psychometric methods were applied. The internal consistency of the Swedish version of the FCS was excellent, and confirmatory factor analysis revealed that its factor structure was equivalent to that of the original Danish FCS. The respondents' ratings indicated better perceived collaboration than in the Danish case. Older age than 60 was associated with worse collaboration with healthcare professionals regarding Influence on discharge than younger respondents. Those with compulsory and health or nursing education showed better collaboration. The Swedish version of the FCS should be further evaluated for its retest reliability and as an outcome measure in intervention studies.
2.	Almqvist, Jonas, 1968-, et al. (författare) Analysing validity : The case of Swedish national tests in year 6 science 2019 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The purpose of this article is to analyse and discuss standardized tests in biology, physics and chemistry with a special focus on their content validity. In the article we describe and discuss three different tensions between the Swedish curricula and standardized tests in science: (1) Curricular intentions and assessment choices, (2) The ‘knowledge requirements’ specified in the curriculum and the marking scheme used in the assessment and (3) The intention of the evaluation system and its actual result. These tensions have consequences for the validity of the tests. Hence, it is necessary to regard these tests as only one of many resources teachers can use in their teaching and assessment practices.
3.	Almqvist, Jonas, 1968-, et al. (författare) De nationella provens innehåll : Vilken scientific literacy mäts i NO-proven 2013. - 1 Ingår i: Scientific literacy. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789140684431 ; , s. 101-117 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Sedan vårterminen 2009 skriver svenska elever i årskurs 9 i grundskolan nationella prov i biologi, fysik och kemi, en reform som är tänkt att bland annat påverka likvärdig och rättvis bedömning och lärares sätt att välja innehåll, undervisa och genomföra bedömning av elevers kunskaper. I detta kapitel är syftet att analysera och diskutera vilka kunskapsinnehåll som proven mäter, d.v.s. vilken scientific literacy som mäts. Kapitlet ämnar också belysa likheter och skillnader mellan vilka kunskaper som bedöms i de tre olika proven, i biologi, fysik respektive kemi. Resultatet visar att för att bli godkänd på proven behöver eleverna kunskaper om naturvetenskapens begrepp, modeller och teorier och om naturvetenskapens vardagstillämpningar i relation till samhälleliga och tekniska problem. Detta innebär samtidigt att för att klara godkänt på provet behöver eleverna inte visa kunskaper om hur naturvetenskapliga frågor relaterar till frågor om politik, moral och etik.
4.	Almqvist, Jonas, 1968-, et al. (författare) Scientific Literacy and the New National Tests 2012 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract All students in year nine in the Swedish compulsory school take a national test in biology, physics or chemistry. The ambition of these tests, which were given for the first time as late as spring 2009, is to measure the Swedish students’ knowledge in science, but also to provide an aid in teachers’ development of their teaching and to promote student learning. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss what knowledge the national tests in biology, physics and chemistry measure – and what knowledge is not measured - what kind of scientific literacy is assessed by tests. The paper highlights similarities and differences between the three subject tests. The analysis shows that a student, to pass the tests, need to show evidence that she has two kinds of knowledge: (1) scientific knowledge (scientific concepts, models, methods) and (2) applied knowledge (in relation to mundane and technical problems). This also shows that knowledge about the use of science in relation to political and moral issues are not required to pass the tests. The paper discusses what the privileging of the scientific literacy measured can lead to in teachers’ planning of teaching and for students’ prerequisites for learning and socialization.
5.	Almqvist, Jonas, 1968-, et al. (författare) Teaching content and national tests in Science Education 2014 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
6.	Almqvist, Jonas, 1968-, et al. (författare) What content is assessed in the Swedish national tests in biology, chemistry and physics? 2013 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract All students in year nine in the Swedish compulsory school take a national test in biology, physics or chemistry. The ambition of these tests, which were given for the first time as late as in the spring semester 2009 is to measure the Swedish students’ knowledge in science, but also to provide an aid in teachers’ development of their teaching in order to support equal and fair assessment and grading. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss the content of the national tests in biology, physics and chemistry. The paper highlights and discusses similarities and differences between the three subject tests carried out 2009-2012. The study presented in the paper has clarified five categories of content.The analysis shows that a student, to pass the tests, need to show evidence that he or she can answer correctly on questions about (a) scientific concepts, models theories, (b) the scientific ways of thinking about the world and (c) the scientific method. For higher grades, however, the students need to be able to give correct answers on questions about (d) the use of science in relation to everyday problems and also (e) the use of science in relation to political and moral issues. In the paper we discuss what the privileging of content measured can lead to in teachers’ planning of teaching and for the assessment of students’ knowledge, but also in relation to prerequisites for students’ participation in decision making where scientific knowledge is a central part of the problem at hand.
7.	Andersson, Maria, et al. (författare) Transport av dräktiga djur, transport av unga djur och åldersbestämning av foster 2023 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract De flesta lantbruksdjur transporteras endast enstaka gånger i livet och har därför sällan möjlighet att vänja sig vid transporter på ett sätt som skulle förebygga stress och bidra till en god transportupplevelse. Att skapa förutsättningar som minimerar påverkan på djuren och underlättar drivning av djuren är därför av stor vikt. Livdjurstransport eller transport till slakt kan vara en mycket stressfylld situation för djur. EFSA har under 2022 publicerat tre olika utlåtanden om transport av nötkreatur, små idisslare och gris. EFSA har i sina utlåtanden identifierat följande relevanta välfärdsrisker: social stress i samband med omgruppering, stress då djuren hanteras av ovarsamma människor eller av människor som de inte är vana vid, stress på grund av värme eller kyla, skador, rörelsestress (orsakat av fordonets rörelser), predationsstress (specifikt hos får som drivs med hund), hunger, törst, respiratoriska problem (specifikt hos nötkreatur), begränsade rörelsemöjligheter, svårigheter att vila och sensorisk överstimulering. Sammantaget kan dessa välfärdsrisker leda till ackumulerad och hög stress, rädsla, smärta, obehag och utmattning hos djuren.Nötkreatur, grisar och får är sociala djur som lätt stressas om de separeras från sin grupp. Att ta hänsyn till deras naturliga flockbeteende genom att t.ex. inte driva djur enskilt utan i grupp (undantag för vuxna handjur som ofta behöver hanteras enskilt) är därför viktigt både före, under och efter transport. Omgrupperingar och social stress riskerar att leda till aggressioner och oönskade beteenden då djuren kan komma att skada sig själva eller varandra.Djurs tidigare erfarenheter av att bli hanterade av människor påverkar deras upplevelse och stressnivå vid hantering i samband med transport. En mer vänlig hantering av djuren tidigt i livet kan underlätta hanteringen i samband med transport. Djurens rädsla utgör en välfärdsrisk, både för djuren själva och för den transportör som ska hantera dem. Utlastningsutrymmen och drivvägar behöver vara väl designade för att få ett bra flöde när djuren lastas respektive lastas av och den som hanterar djuren behöver ha god kunskap om djurens naturliga beteenden.Hunger och törst kan uppstå hos djur under tiden från lastning till transport och urlastning. Risken för att djuren ska uppleva hunger och törst ökar med längre transporttider. Unga djur har ett naturligt tätare födointag vilket man kan behöva ta hänsyn till vid transport genom att erbjuda djuren möjlighet att äta och dricka oftare än äldre djur. I nuläget finns det inga optimala lösningar på hur man ska kunna tillgodose behovet av vatten eller annan utfodring på transport då intaget även påverkas av stress och sociala faktorer utöver vana vid utrustningen.Djurtätheten på transportfordonet är en viktig faktor som påverkar djurens möjligheter att hålla balansen och att kunna ligga ned och vila, men även risken för skador och död. Behovet av att kunna ligga ned under transport ökar med transportens längd och huruvida djuren ligger ned är kopplat till vilket utrymme som ges, där större utrymme leder till att fler djur ligger ned.Sen dräktighet räknas som ett tillstånd då det inte är lämpligt att transportera ett djur eftersom transport under denna period kan leda till negativa konsekvenser för djurets välfärd och risker för avkomman. Dräktighet innebär ökad sårbarhet både fysiskt och fysiologiskt. För dräktiga djur innebär därför den stress som förflyttning, lastning, ny miljö, okända människor, rörlig och ostabil transport, transportfordonets förutsättningar, samt avsaknad av foder och vatten under längre perioder, en större påfrestning med en ökad risk för negativa konsekvenser, än för icke-dräktiga djur. Dräktiga djur har en ökad metabolism och värmeproduktion, framförallt under sen dräktighet, vilket gör dräktiga djur mer känsliga för värmestress än icke-dräktiga djur. Vidare blir fysisk ansträngning jobbigare för det dräktiga djuret beroende både på den ökade tyngden och dess påverkan på rörelseapparaten. Även cirkulationssystemet blir mer ansträngt med en förhöjd hjärtfrekvens som följd. Vid värmestress ökar dessutom andningsfrekvensen påtagligt.Kortisol har en viktig roll i slutet av dräktigheten och för att initiera förlossning. I slutet av dräktigheten stiger kortisolnivåerna i moderdjurets blod till följd av att fostrets kortisolproduktion ökar. Förhöjda kortisolnivåer till följd av stress och fysisk ansträngning i samband med lastning, hantering, omgruppering, transport och nya miljöer kan orsaka abort eller för tidig igångsättning av förlossningen. Flera studier visar att det även finns risker under andra delar av dräktigheten. Transport ökar till exempel risken för embryonala förluster under tidig dräktighet hos gris, framför allt under vecka två till fyra, vilket är en kortisolkänslig period. För nötkreatur finns det risk för embryonala förluster vid transporter under dräktighetens första två månader och studier på får har visat på negativa effekter på lamm och ökad risk för fosterdöd vid förhöjda kortisolnivåer hos tackan. Det finns även en risk för epigenetiska effekter hos fostren vid stress hos moderdjuret, vilka kan komma att påverka avkomman senare i livet.När hondjuren ökar i vikt genom fostertillväxt och ökad volym av fostervätskor, påverkas deras rörlighet och förmåga att hålla balansen vilket kan göra att både lastning och transport försvåras samt innebära en ökad risk för halkskador och fläkningsskador. Eventuella led- och klövproblem kan dessutom förvärras eller försvåra rörelsemöjligheterna, även om uppenbar hälta inte alltid kan ses. Den ökade storleken gör att dräktiga djur kräver större plats under transporten, både för att djuren i sig är större, men också för att de ska kunna parera rörelser och hålla balansen. Dräktiga grisar minskar sin aktivitetsnivå och har större behov av att ligga ned och vila vilket behöver tillgodoses under transport.I slutet av dräktigheten, oklart exakt när, sker en uppmjukning av vävnaderna i bäckenregionen vilket är mer påtagligt för nötkreatur än för små idisslare och suggor. Uppmjukningen kvarstår även en tid efter förlossningen. Uppmjukningen ger försämrad stabilitet vid rörelse, vilket innebär risker vid både lastning och transport. Det är därför viktigt att man tar hänsyn till detta och har god tidsmarginal vid transport av dräktiga eller nyförlösta djur, så att djuren inte riskerar att transporteras under den tid som bäckenet är instabilt.Den vetenskapliga evidensen för EU:s regel om 90 % av den förväntade dräktighetstiden som gräns för transport av dräktiga djur förefaller oklar. Rådet ställer sig bakom konklusionen i EFSA:s utlåtande om transport av nötkreatur, små idisslare och gris, om att vetenskapliga belägg för den exakta nu gällande gränsdragningen saknas, samtidigt som det är tydligt att långt gången dräktighet är en riskfaktor för negativ djurvälfärd under transport. I de aktuella utlåtandena finns dock flera studier citerade som visar på sårbarhet för de dräktiga djuren och deras foster under en period som i många fall är längre än de sista 10 % av dräktighetstiden samt att det finns en ökad sårbarhet även under andra delar av dräktigheten och att både moderdjur och foster kan påverkas negativt av att transporteras.Det finns risk för att den stress som en transport innebär kan leda till att det sent dräktiga djuret aborterar eller att förlossningen sätts igång under eller strax efter transport. Då det således föreligger risker för foster och moderdjur vid transport av dräktiga djur under stora delar av dräktighetsperioden anser Rådet att transport av dräktiga djur (nötkreatur, får och gris) om möjligt bör undvikas.Vid transport av unga kalvar, smågrisar och lamm måste hänsyn tas till flera faktorer, såsom ålder, immunförsvarets utveckling, djurens allmänna hälsostatus, huruvida djuren är avvanda eller inte, social stress, etc. Unga djur är generellt känsligare än vuxna djur, och påverkas än mer av att utsättas för hunger och törst, kalla och varma transporter, och begränsade möjligheter att vila under transport. Under perioden då det passiva immunförsvaret går ned samtidigt som det aktiva immunförsvaret är under uppbyggnad är djuren extra känsliga för infektioner.Hur väl ett ungt djur klarar en transport beror bl.a. på längden på transporten (ju längre transport desto större risk för djurens välfärd), samt djurets ålder och vikt. Tiden mellan två och fyra veckor är en känslig ålder för transport av kalvar. Enligt EFSA bör inte kalvar transporteras tidigare än vid fem veckors ålder och de bör väga minst 50 kg. För lamm rekommenderas att djuren transporteras först efter avvänjning. Vidare behöver hänsyn tas till djurens behov av foder och vatten, så att deras närings- samt vätskebehov tillgodoses. Hänsyn behöver även tas till på vilket sätt de är vana vid att inta foder och vatten, och om djuret hålls på liknande sätt i transporten som de är vana vid, exempelvis i samma grupp eller tillsammans med sin mamma. Det kan vara klokt att utfodra djuren innan transport för att minska risken för hunger under transporten. Vid mjölkgiva till kalv behöver tid ges för digestion innan transport för att minska risken för diarré.Icke avvanda djur upplever en större stress runt transport än avvanda djur (vid transport utan moderdjur) och det är därför bättre att företrädesvis transportera djuren efter avvänjning. Unga djur är heller inte motoriskt färdigutvecklade, vilket kan påverka deras balans under transport samt vid på- och avlastning. Yngre djur ligger ned oc
8.	Arrhenius, Mattias, 1971- (författare) Datorbaserade animationer i geografiundervisningen : En studie om gymnasieelevers lärande i mötet med datorbaserade animationer om bergartscykeln 2013 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Animations are new visualization tools for the teachers to use in their education practice when teaching about complex models in science. The school environment is a social arena where collaborative learning is a recognized teaching method, often used by teachers as it motivates students and enables them to participate and share knowledge with each other. This method is used by teachers when students are working with animations in computer-based instructions. In these environments the spoken language, as well as other forms of body-language such as gestures, becomes the means for communication between the participants. By using a prag-matic/sociocultural perspective on learning, this form of communication is described in terms of actions. The aim of this thesis is to study how learning is constituted in one of these social environments by using action as an analyzing unit. The empirical material consist of video-taped sessions of 61 upper secondary school students divided in 22 groups, working with 6 animations in an interactive web-based software on different geological processes of the rock cycle. The results from the study shows that successful animations, in terms of fulfilling the teaching objectives, enables students to focus their attention on the important events in the animation and form relevant relations between key concepts required for understanding a specific geological process. The result also shows that the groups of students experienced different problems (gaps) in their learning process in their encounter with the animations. Different types of gaps were identified as a result from what the students focused their attention on in the 6 animations. There were four main reasons why gaps occurred, three of them were related to the design, scientific content and new concepts introduced in the animations. The fourth reason was related to situations when students could not relate to previous experience of the rock cycle. The results shows that collaborative learning benefits students in their learning process in the encounter with animations, as some types of gaps were solved with the aid from other students. The results also show that the teacher is very important for students, as they are the only resource in the classroom that has the potential to solve all types of gaps that may occur in the students encounter with animations. Although many of the gaps identified in the study were solved by these two social resources, some other gaps remained unsolved. The research study contributes with new empirical results to the international animation research field, as well as a methodological development which gives researchers new analyzing tools for studying students and teacher’s actions in social environments where animations are used.
9.	Austeng, Dordi, et al. (författare) Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS) 2010 Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
10.	Axelsson, Eva, et al. (författare) Recessiveness and Dominance in Barley Mutants Deficient in Mg-Chelatase Subunit D, an AAA Protein Involved in Chlorophyll Biosynthesis. 2006 Ingår i: Plant Cell. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 18:12, s. 3606-3616 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Mg-chelatase catalyzes the insertion of Mg2+ into protoporphyrin IX at the first committed step of the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway. It consists of three subunits: I, D, and H. The I subunit belongs to the AAA protein superfamily ( ATPases associated with various cellular activities) that is known to form hexameric ring structures in an ATP-dependant fashion. Dominant mutations in the I subunit revealed that it functions in a cooperative manner. We demonstrated that the D subunit forms ATP-independent oligomeric structures and should also be classified as an AAA protein. Furthermore, we addressed the question of cooperativity of the D subunit with barley (Hordeum vulgare) mutant analyses. The recessive behavior in vivo was explained by the absence of mutant proteins in the barley cell. Analogous mutations in Rhodobacter capsulatus and the resulting D proteins were studied in vitro. Mixtures of wild-type and mutant R. capsulatus D subunits showed a lower activity compared with wild-type subunits alone. Thus, the mutant D subunits displayed dominant behavior in vitro, revealing cooperativity between the D subunits in the oligomeric state. We propose a model where the D oligomer forms a platform for the stepwise assembly of the I subunits. The cooperative behavior suggests that the D oligomer takes an active part in the conformational dynamics between the subunits of the enzyme.
11.	Beckmann, Cecilia, 1964- (författare) Diversification and strategic, long-distance partnerships : Bofors' struggle through times of crisis and uncertainty 2023 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This is a case study that aims to explain how the company Bofors in Karlskoga, Sweden, struggled through three periods of crisis or uncertainty, while remaining innovative. It begins in the late 19th century and ends in the early 21st century after Bofors had been divested. The investigation takes a constructivist approach and focuses on the experiences of individuals. The data consists of archived letters, interviews and secondary sources. The concept of diversification is applied to explain how Bofors, originally an ironworks acquired new technologies and skills over the years, which were combined in a number of ways, resulting in an innovative local knowledge infrastructure. This development took place while the company sought to adapt to a changing institutional environment – societal norms, rules and practices – following two world wars, disarmament and deindustrialisation. The results also show that, during each of the three periods, Bofors was dependent on long-distance partnerships with external actors to gain new knowledge or financial resources, or both. Different dimensions of proximity are applied, revealing that cognitive proximity was most important for the success of the partnerships. Partners collaborating on innovations had to share a knowledge base. And, preferably, partners’ knowledge should be complementary. But if no proximities were high during the early phase of a partnership, if partners were too far apart from cognitive, geographical, social, institutional and organisational perspectives, then geographical proximity was crucial for increasing the other proximities. To meet face-to-face was necessary in order to learn from each other and to bridge gaps in the relationship caused by partners not knowing each other and belonging to different organisations and cultures with different languages and traditions.
12.	Bentham, James, et al. (författare) A century of trends in adult human height 2016 Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
13.	Bentham, James, et al. (författare) A century of trends in adult human height 2016 Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
14.	Berg, Gita, 1982-, et al. (författare) Aesthetic judgments and meaning-making during cooking in Home and Consumer Studies 2019 Ingår i: Educare. - : Malmo University Library. - 1653-1868 .- 2004-5190. ; :2, s. 30-57 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In Swedish home and consumer studies (HCS), cooking forms apart of the core content, and students often experience the results in a sensuous way–by eating the food. Sensuous, or aesthetic, experiences may affect students’ meaning-making and thus what is learned within the subject. There is a lack of research concerning the aesthetic aspects of cooking in a learning context; therefore, this study aims to explore HCS students’ meaning-making by focusing on aesthetic judgments during formalized cooking practices. The research question is, in what ways do students use aesthetic judgments in meaning-making processes during cooking? The data comes from video-documented classroom observations where the students cook together. Using a pragmatic approach and practical epistemology analysis (PEA), three ways in which the students use aesthetic judgments are illustrated: as arguments in negotiations, as reference points when reactualizing experiences, and as nonverbal actions evaluating sensory qualities. Empirical examples exemplify how aesthetic judgments play a role in establishing power relations, entail social/normative values, and influence the “tacit knowing” of cooking. The study found that aesthetic experiences are integral and important in students’ meaning-making during cooking practices. Moreover, by adding a new classroom context to the methodology used, its applicability for investigating aesthetic experiences and meaning-making is confirmed and widened.
15.	Berg, Gita, 1982-, et al. (författare) Aesthetic Values in Home and Consumer Studies : Investigating the Secret Ingredient in Food Education 2023 Ingår i: Frontiers in Education. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2504-284X. ; 8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Food is a part of everyday life, and formal food education is included in compulsory education in many countries, for example through the subject Home and Consumer Studies (HCS). While food education is often underpinned by public health concerns such as preventing non-communicable diseases and promoting cooking skills, there has been little focus on aesthetic aspects of teaching and learning about food. This study therefore aims to gain understanding of aesthetic values as a part of HCS food educational practices. Aesthetic values are here regarded as socially and culturally shared, and related to notions of pleasure and taste. As this study uses a pragmatist approach, aesthetic values are seen as constituted in encounters, encompassing experiencing individual(s), artifacts, and context. By thematically analyzing empirical data from an exploratory case study, including classroom observations, student focus groups, and teacher interviews, we show how values are constituted as culinary, production, and bodily aesthetics. Culinary aesthetics involved cooking processes, cooking skills, and presentation of food and meals. Production aesthetics involved foods’ origin and degree of pre-processing, whereas bodily aesthetics related to bodily consequences of eating. Aesthetic values were vital features of the educational practices studied and played a key role in bringing the practices forward. They also indicated what counted as valid, or desired, outcomes and thereby steered events in certain directions. The study highlights the significance of aesthetic values and argues in favor of acknowledging aesthetics in planning, undertaking, and evaluating HCS food education.
16.	Berg, Gita, 1982- (författare) Beyond the plate : Food and health, aesthetics and meaning-making in Home and consumer studies 2024 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The overall aim of this thesis is to cultivate understandings of how meanings regarding food and health are made within the school subject home and consumer studies (HCS). The thesis builds on empirical data generated through a comprehensive case study, where 12 students from one school class and their two teachers were followed in HCS over the course of a school year. The methods used were observations, interviews, focus groups, and document collection. This work comprises four papers, where Paper I covers students’ meaning-making during cooking with a focus on aesthetic judgments. The results of Paper I illustrate different ways in which the students used aesthetic judgments, and how aesthetics became integral to meaning-making. Paper II investigates food for health as educational content, using qualification, socialization, and subjectification as an analytical framework. The results exemplify how these three educational functions can be operationalized empirically, and how a given educational content opens up for meaning-making that goes beyond learning facts and skills. In Paper III, thematic analysis is used to gain an overview of which aesthetic values were constituted in the studied practices, and how. Thus, the central roles of aesthetics in HCS food education were further illustrated. Lastly, Paper IV investigates use of the plate model as a food educational tool, using three planes of analysis as a framework. The results demonstrate how the plate model can be useful in food and health education, but also that it needs to be used with caution, for example to avoid conveying a rigid message of “right” and “wrong” dishes. Taken together, the results of the four papers show how food was a central transactant in the studied practices, i.e., how the food itself became an important co-actor in the meaning-making processes. Second, the discrepancy between the students’ focus on immediate food experiences and the teachers’ instrumental orientation is highlighted. In summary, this thesis provides empirically grounded contributions to support food educational practices in general, and HCS subject didactics in particular. Additionally, it strengthens the position of HCS as a subject to be reckoned with in wider didactic contexts, as well as in the emerging field of disciplinary aesthetics.
17.	Berg, Gita, 1982-, et al. (författare) Literacy till lunch : Elevers meningsskapande under formaliserad matlagning i hem- och konsumentkunskap 2018 Ingår i: Nationell ämnesdidaktisk konferens. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Presentationen baseras på en pågående fallstudie inom ämnet hem- och konsumentkunskap (HK), som genomförs i samverkan med två HK-lärare. Den del som presenteras här innefattar en praktisk epistemologisk analys (PEA) av filmade klassrumsobservationer där elever lagar mat i par. Under aktiviteten uppstår situationer som utgör hinder i matlagningsprocessen. Dessa blir särskilt synliga under moment som kräver en subjektiv bedömning baserad på sensoriska erfarenheter, exempelvis när eleverna ska bedöma om livsmedel är färdigtillagade. För att ta sig vidare i aktiviteten genomför eleverna repetitiva handlingar och söker bekräftelse från kamrater och lärare. Dessa processer synliggörs och ligger till grund för en vidare didaktisk diskussion kring lärares val av innehåll och metoder för undervisning i ämnet.
18.	Berg, Gita, 1982-, et al. (författare) Students’ meaning-making during formalized cooking in Swedish home- and consumer studies 2019 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
19.	Berg, Gita, 1982-, et al. (författare) Useful but overused? The “plate model” as a food educational tool in home economics 2024 Ingår i: Food, Culture, and Society. - 1552-8014 .- 1751-7443. ; , s. 1-19 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The plate model is widely used to promote healthy eating. Despite extensive adoption in dietary guidelines, the model’s role in food educational practices is scarcely studied. The present study aimed to explore the plate model as a food educational tool in the school subject Home Economics (HE). Use of the plate model was investi-gated with Rogoff’s three planes of analysis as a framework. The research question was: “How is the plate model used in a food educational practice, considering institutional, interpersonal, and personal planes?” Data from video-recorded classroom observa-tions, focus groups, interviews, and text documents were analyzed. The data were generated through a case study, with twelve stu-dents and two HE-teachers followed over the course of a school year. Results show how the plate model was framed as the right way of eating. Nutritionally “proper” food was described, with the model functioning as a bridge linking (abstract) nutritional content with (concrete) dishes. This way of using the model might hamper understandings of fundamental principles for nutritional classifica-tion. Moreover, those who do not eat plate model-type dishes may be wrongly judged. Supported by empirical events, this study shows how the plate model can be useful – but also overused – in food education.
20.	Berg, Gita, 1982-, et al. (författare) “You fuel the car with gas, you fuel the body with food” – Educational functions of food for health in home and consumer studies 2024 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. - : Routledge. - 0031-3831 .- 1470-1170. ; 68:2, s. 189-203 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study aims to contribute to the understanding of food for health as educational content in Home and Consumer Studies (HCS), specifically targeting three educational functions: (i) qualification, (ii) socialization, and (iii) subjectification. Data came from a comprehensive case study, where one school class and two HCS teachers were followed during one school year. Fourteen classroom observations and eight teacher interviews were included. It is shown how qualification functions comprise nutrition knowledge and cooking skills, how socialization functions entail, e.g., dichotomous values of food as “good” or “bad,” and how conscious consumers who take personal responsibility for themselves and the environment become promoted subjects. Taken together, the results illustrate how educational content can have consequences beyond those intended. Based on the results, an argument is made about the relevance for HCS teachers to critically reflect on their teaching and its potential educational consequences.
21.	Bergkvist, Anna, 1995-, et al. (författare) Distal radius fractures in children aged 5-12 years : a Swedish nationwide register-based study of 25 777 patients 2023 Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2474. ; 24:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Distal radius fracture (DRF) is the most common type of fracture in children. There is no clear consensus on primary treatment for complete DRFs. Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation has been recommended, to avoid the risk of redislocation. However, recent studies have indicated that casting can be sufficient, at least for children with two or more years left to grow. There is no recent study regarding pediatric DRFs and the extent of K-wire fixations in the Swedish population. The purpose of this study was to investigate epidemiology and treatment of pediatric DRFs registered in the Swedish Fracture Register (SFR).METHODS: In this retrospective study, based on data from SFR for children aged 5-12 years with DRF between January 2015 and October 2022, we investigated epidemiology and choice of treatment. Sex, age, type of DRF, treatment, cause and mechanism of injury, were analyzed.RESULTS: In total, 25,777 patients were included, 7,173 (27%) with complete fractures. Number and peak age of girls vs. boys with fractures were 11,742 (46%), 10 years, and 14,035 (54%), 12 years, respectively. Odds ratio (OR) for a K-wire fixation in girls vs. boys was 0.81 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74-0.89, p < .001). With age 5 -7 years as reference, OR for age group 8-10 years was 0.88 (95% CI 0.80-0.98 p = .019) and OR for age group 11-12 years was 0.81 (95% CI 0.73-0.91 p = < .001.CONCLUSION: Casting only was the preferred treatment for all fractures (76%). Boys acquired DRFs more often than girls, with a peak age of 12 years. Younger children and boys with a complete fracture were more likely than older children and girls to receive a K-wire. Further research regarding indications for K-wiring of DRFs in the pediatric population is needed.
22.	Berglund, David, et al. (författare) Vascular reconstruction using allogeneic homografts in a renal transplant patient with pseudoaneurysm and infected vascular prosthesis 2012 Ingår i: Transplantation. - 0041-1337 .- 1534-6080. ; 93:4, s. e15-e16 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
23.	Blomström-Lundqvist, Carina, et al. (författare) A randomized double-blind study of epicardial left atrial cryoablation for permanent atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery: the SWEDish Multicentre Atrial Fibrillation study (SWEDMAF). 2007 Ingår i: European heart journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 28:23, s. 2902-8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIMS: The efficacy of epicardial left atrial (LA) cryoablation in eliminating atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery (MVS) is unknown. We hypothesized that MVS combined with LA cryoablation is superior to MVS alone. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients with permanent AF, included at four centres, underwent MVS with or without epicardial LA cryoablation. The primary endpoint was regained sinus rhythm. Risk factors for failed AF cryoablation were elucidated. Sixty-five out of 69 patients reached the primary endpoint. At 6 and 12 months follow-up, 73.3% of patients who underwent cryoablation had regained sinus rhythm at both follow-ups, compared with 45.7 and 42.9% of patients, respectively, who underwent MVS alone (group differences, at 6 months P = 0.024, after 12 months P = 0.013). The in-hospital complication rate was 11.4% in the MVS group and 26.5% in the cryoablation group (P = 0.110). Risk factors for failed elimination of AF by cryoablation were duration of permanent AF (P = 0.012) and presence of coronary artery disease (P = 0.047), according to multiple logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: This first prospective randomized study showed that combining MVS with epicardial LA cryoablation is significantly better in eliminating pre-operative permanent AF than MVS alone.
24.	Brandefors, Lena, et al. (författare) Clinical characteristic and outcome of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma of non-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia type : A Swedish lymphoma registry study 2022 Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 196:6, s. 1362-1368 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) not fulfilling the WHO diagnostic criteria (2017) for Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (WM) (named non-WM LPL) is a rare disease and only a few systematic studies have been published. Here, we present a population-based study of non-WM LPL focusing on diagnostic difficulties, patient characteristics, and outcome. From 1511 patients included in the Swedish Lymphoma Registry 1 Jan 2000 – 31 Dec 2014 with a diagnosis of WM/LPL, we could confirm the diagnosis of non-WM LP in only 33 patients. The median age at diagnosis was 69 years. A paraprotein was found in most (IgG in 54%, IgA in 15%) and 12% of the cases were non-secretory. Compared with the WM patients, the non-WM LPL patients were younger, had more adverse prognostic factors such as elevated LDH, anaemia, and lymphocytosis at diagnosis. In addition, the non-WM LPL patients more often were symptomatic and received treatment at diagnosis. The overall survival (OS) did not significantly differ between the non-WM LPL and WM groups (P = 0.247), with a median survival time of 71 and 96 months, respectively. To conclude, we found differences in clinical features between WM and non-WM LPL, but no difference in survival.
25.	Brandefors, Lena, et al. (författare) Familial Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia and relation to immune defects, autoimmune diseases, and haematological malignancies : a population-based study from northern Sweden 2016 Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 55:1, s. 91-98 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare lymphoprolipherative disorder with geographic and ethnic disparities in incidence. The cause of WM remains mostly unknown although a role for genetic, immune-related, and environmental factors has been suggested. Most cases of WM are sporadic although familial cases occur. Aim: This study estimated the incidence of WM in northern Sweden and identified and described patients with familial WM in this area. Patients and methods: The Swedish and Northern Lymphoma Registry, the Swedish Cancer Registry (1997-2011), and medical records were used to identify patients with WM in two counties (Norrbotten and Västerbotten) in northern Sweden and to calculate the overall age-adjusted incidence (2000-2012). We identified 12 families with a family history of WM, IgM monoclonal gammophathy (MGUS), and/or multiple myeloma (MM). Results: In Norrbotten and Västerbotten, the age-adjusted incidence of WM/LPL is 1.75 and 1.48 per 100 000 persons per year, respectively (2000-2012), rates that are higher than the overall incidence of WM/LPL in Sweden (1.05 per 100 000 persons per year; 2000-2012). Autoimmune diseases and other haematological malignancies in the medical history (their own or in relatives) were reported in 9/12 and 5/12 families, respectively. A high proportion of abnormal serum protein electrophoresis was found in the relatives; 12/56 (21%) had a MGUS and 13/56 (25%) showed abnormalities in the immunoglobulin levels (i.e. subnormal levels and poly/oligoclonality). Conclusion: The incidence of WM in Norrbotten and Västerbotten counties was higher than expected. We found a strong correlation between autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, other haematological malignancies, and familial WM and a high frequency of serum immunoglobulin abnormalities in the relatives of the WM patients, findings that strengthen the hypothesis that the aetiology of WM depends on both immune-related and genetic factors.
26.	Brandefors, Lena, et al. (författare) Prognostic factors and primary treatment for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia : a Swedish Lymphoma Registry study 2018 Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : WILEY. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 183:4, s. 564-577 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We present a nationwide prospective Swedish registry-based study of Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia (WM), that focuses on incidence and survival in relation to clinical prognostic factors and primary systemic therapies. A total of 1511 patients with WM and lymphoplasmocytic lymphoma (LPL) were registered in the Swedish Lymphoma Registry (SLR) between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2014. The age-adjusted incidence of WM/LPL was 11.5 per million persons per year, three times higher than the reported incidence worldwide. Medical records were retrieved for 1135 patients (75%). A retrospective review showed that 981 (86.1%) of these patients fulfilled the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria for WM and these patients were analysed further. The overall survival (OS) improved between two periods - 2000-2006 and 2007-2014 - with a five-year OS of 61% and 70%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors for OS, evaluated at the time of diagnosis, were age, elevated lactate dehydrogenase level and haemoglobin <= 115 g/l for patients receiving therapy 0-3 months after diagnosis, and age, poor performance status, haemoglobin <= 115 g/l, and female sex in "watch and wait" patients (multivariable analysis). The level of the IgM monoclonal immunoglobulin had no significant prognostic value. Rituximab included in first-line therapy was associated with improved survival.
27.	Caffaro, Federica, et al. (författare) Ergonomic analysis of work-related hazards in older farmers: a comparision between Sweden and Italy 2015 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
28.	Caffaro, Federica, et al. (författare) Falls from Tractors in Older Age : Risky Behaviors in a Group of Swedish and Italian Farmers Over 65 2019 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018). : Aging, Gender and Work, Anthropometry, Ergonomics for Children and Educational Environments - Aging, Gender and Work, Anthropometry, Ergonomics for Children and Educational Environments. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319960654 - 9783319960647 ; , s. 78-86, s. 78-86 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The frequent mounting and dismounting the tractor required by many farming operations increases the risk of falls, particularly for older farmers. The present study explored the risk factors related to tractor ingress and egress in older farmers from two countries with a different tradition in terms of safety culture: Sweden and Italy. Eighteen male farmers aged 65 + (8 from Skåne region, southern Sweden, and 10 from Piedmont region, northwestern Italy) were observed while mounting and dismounting their most used tractor, to investigate the routine behaviors adopted and to identify possible sources of risk of fall. The presence of three critical behaviors was recorded: the maintenance of three-point contact with the machine when entering and exiting the cab; facing the cab and the use of the last step when exiting. Farmers were also interviewed about their health status, attitudes toward safety, and perceived risks while performing the task. The results showed that similar unsafe behaviors were adopted by most of both Swedish and Italian participants; in particular, none of the farmers got off the tractor by facing the cab. Older farmers from both countries referred to age and previous experience as the major protective factors against falls, without acknowledging that new risks can rise from the age-related changes in their motor skills. The results raised some considerations about the need to develop targeted elderly-centered solutions to support the correct mounting/dismounting behaviors, both in the design of the machines and in information campaigns and training courses, which may have a cross-cultural validity.
29.	Ceccato, Vania, Professor, 1968-, et al. (författare) Farmers, Victimization, and Animal Rights Activism in Sweden 2022 Ingår i: Professional Geographer. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0033-0124 .- 1467-9272. ; , s. 1-14 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Conflicts between animal production and animal rights activism are becoming more common in a number of countries, including Sweden. Although most animal rights advocates would not consider committing a crime, there have been numerous accounts in which farmers have been victimized because they are animal producers. This study investigates the extent and characteristics of crimes committed against animal farmers and their families. The analysis is based on answers from a survey of 3,815 animal farmers in Sweden in 2020. Cross-table analysis, logistic regression models, and geographical information systems (GIS) underlie the methodology of the study. One in eight respondents declared being exposed to crimes because they are animal producers (from thefts, trespassing, sabotage, and threats to physical violence, most face-to-face but also online), but 60 percent of the victims never report to the police. Among nonvictims, half of the respondents knew someone who had been a victim of crime. Findings indicate that farmers’ victimization for theft or robbery show different motivations than those that are directed at them because they work with animal production. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating farmers’ safety needs into sustainable rural development policies.
30.	Ceccato, Vania, Professor, 1968-, et al. (författare) Impacts and coping mechanisms of farmers as victims by animal rights activism in Sweden 2022 Ingår i: International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0192-4036 .- 2157-6475. ; , s. 1-24 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this study, we investigate whether fear of animal rights activism has animpact on farmers and, more specifically, critically assess farmers’ agencyby showing ways they cope with this fear. The analysis is based onanswers from a survey of 3,815 animal farmers in Sweden in 2020. Chisquareanalyses, logistic regression models, and Geographical InformationSystems (GIS) underlie the methodology of the study. Fear of animal rightsactivism is perceived by farmers as having a negative impact on theirchildren’s wellbeing, their economic situation, and their quality of life andhaving led to reduced trust in strangers. While a fifth of respondentsdeclare they protect themselves against criminal acts, we discuss possiblereasons farmers prefer not to take action against potential threats.
31.	Ceccato, Vania, Professor, 1968-, et al. (författare) The Nature of Fear Among Farmers Working with Animal Production 2021 Ingår i: International Criminology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2662-9976 .- 2662-9968. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this article, we investigate the nature of fear among farmers working with animal production with particular focus on the impact of harassment and crimes linked to animal rights activism. The study is based on responses from 3815 animal farmers to a national survey in 2020 in Sweden. Cross-table analysis and logistic regression models underlie the methodology of the study. Findings show that three out of ten of those farmers feel afraid of being victimized by the actions of animal rights activists; the proportion is two-thirds among farmers with previous experience of victimization, and fear of victimization varies across Sweden and by type of activity. Perceived lack of support from the police, exacerbated by geographical isolation, are common determinants of farmers’ declared fear, particularly those whose families live on the farms and who have employees. While understanding the factors that affect farmers’ safety perceptions is important, the article ends by calling for further research on the ways by which fear of animal activism impacts farmers’ personal lives, those of their family and employees, and not least their livelihood.
32.	Dahlberg, Matz, et al. (författare) Intergovernmental Grants and Bureaucratic Power 2008 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract In their role as agenda setters and implementers of political decisions, bureaucrats potentially have the power to influence decisions in their own favor. It is however difficult to empirically test whether bureaucrats actually are involved in such actions. In this paper we suggest and apply a new way of testing the hypothesis that bureaucrats can and do in fact affect policy to their own benefit. Making use of a discontinuity in the Swedish grant system, we estimate causal effects of intergovernmental grants on different types of personnel employed by the local governments. On the margin, we find a large, positive effect of grants on the number of bureaucrats in the central administration, but no effects on the number of personnel in other important sectors runby the local government (child care, schools and elderly care). These results support theview that bureaucrats are able to, and do indeed, affect the allocation of grants withinmunicipalities to support own goals.
33.	Danaei, Goodarz, et al. (författare) Effects of diabetes definition on global surveillance of diabetes prevalence and diagnosis: a pooled analysis of 96 population-based studies with 331288 participants 2015 Ingår i: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. - 2213-8595 .- 2213-8587. ; 3:8, s. 624-637 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background Diabetes has been defined on the basis of different biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA(1c). We assessed the effect of different diagnostic definitions on both the population prevalence of diabetes and the classification of previously undiagnosed individuals as having diabetes versus not having diabetes in a pooled analysis of data from population-based health examination surveys in different regions. Methods We used data from 96 population-based health examination surveys that had measured at least two of the biomarkers used for defining diabetes. Diabetes was defined using HbA(1c) (HbA(1c) >= 6 . 5% or history of diabetes diagnosis or using insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs) compared with either FPG only or FPG-or-2hOGTT definitions (FPG >= 7 . 0 mmol/L or 2hOGTT >= 11 . 1 mmol/L or history of diabetes or using insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs). We calculated diabetes prevalence, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights. We compared the prevalences of diabetes using different definitions graphically and by regression analyses. We calculated sensitivity and specificity of diabetes diagnosis based on HbA1c compared with diagnosis based on glucose among previously undiagnosed individuals (ie, excluding those with history of diabetes or using insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs). We calculated sensitivity and specificity in each survey, and then pooled results using a random-effects model. We assessed the sources of heterogeneity of sensitivity by meta-regressions for study characteristics selected a priori. Findings Population prevalence of diabetes based on FPG- or-2hOGTT was correlated with prevalence based on FPG alone (r= 0 . 98), but was higher by 2-6 percentage points at different prevalence levels. Prevalence based on HbA(1c) was lower than prevalence based on FPG in 42 . 8% of age-sex-survey groups and higher in another 41 . 6%; in the other 15 . 6%, the two definitions provided similar prevalence estimates. The variation across studies in the relation between glucose-based and HbA(1c)-based prevalences was partly related to participants' age, followed by natural logarithm of per person gross domestic product, the year of survey, mean BMI, and whether the survey population was national, subnational, or from specific communities. Diabetes defined as HbA(1c) 6 . 5% or more had a pooled sensitivity of 52 . 8% (95% CI 51 . 3-54 . 3%) and a pooled specificity of 99 . 74% (99 . 71-99 . 78%) compared with FPG 7 . 0 mmol/L or more for diagnosing previously undiagnosed participants; sensitivity compared with diabetes defined based on FPG-or-2hOGTT was 30 . 5% (28 . 7-32 . 3%). None of the preselected study-level characteristics explained the heterogeneity in the sensitivity of HbA(1c) versus FPG. Interpretation Different biomarkers and definitions for diabetes can provide different estimates of population prevalence of diabetes, and differentially identify people without previous diagnosis as having diabetes. Using an HbA(1c)-based definition alone in health surveys will not identify a substantial proportion of previously undiagnosed people who would be considered as having diabetes using a glucose-based test.
34.	Di Cesare, Mariachiara, et al. (författare) Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: A pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants 2016 Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Lancet Publishing Group. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 387:10026, s. 1377-1396 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
35.	Eva, Lundqvist (författare) The teacher's role for the student's learning of a science content 2004 Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
36.	Falk-Lundqvist, Åsa, 1951-, et al. (författare) Entreprenöriell pedagogik i skolan : Drivkrafter för elevers lärande 2011. - 1 Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
37.	Falk Lundqvist, Åsa, et al. (författare) Entreprenöriellt lärande : i praktik och teori 2014. - 1 Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
38.	Fellman, Vineta, et al. (författare) One-year survival of extremely preterm infants after active perinatal care in Sweden. 2009 Ingår i: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3598 .- 0098-7484. ; 301:21, s. 2225-33 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Up-to-date information on infant survival after extremely preterm birth is needed for assessing perinatal care services, clinical guidelines, and parental counseling.
39.	Forsberg, Kristina, et al. (författare) Elaboration of Safety Requirements 2013 Ingår i: AIAA/IEEE Digital Avionics Systems Conference - Proceedings2013. - 9781479915385 ; , s. 7C21-7C29 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract According to the aircraft standard ARP4754A, requirements should be carefully traced and validated. A systematic methodology for safety requirements elaboration (refinement/decomposition as well as allocation management) is lacking. To overcome this lack, an ARP-aligned and DOORS implementable approach called RAP (Requirements Allocation Process) is proposed. RAP offers a textual as well as graphical means for managing safety requirements. Besides supporting requirements decomposition and allocation, RAP also supports design decisions. The usefulness of RAP is illustrated by an example, applying the approach to a High Lift System.
40.	Gudmundsdottir, Judith, et al. (författare) T-cell receptor sequencing reveals decreased diversity 18years after early thymectomy. 2017 Ingår i: The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6825 .- 0091-6749. ; 140:6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
41.	Göransson, Eva, et al. (författare) Arbetsförhållanden inom svensk grisproduktion - lantbruksföretagarnas perspektiv 2023 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Svensk grisproduktion har genomgått stora förändringar och omstruktureringar under de senaste decennierna, vilket resulterat i allt färre företag. I dagsläget finns det drygt 1100 aktiva grisföretagare, spridda över landet. Trots strukturomvandlingen med allt fler stora specialiserade grisföretag finns det även en hel del företag med ett mindre antal djur. Föreliggande rapport med fokus på erfarenheter gällande arbetsförhållanden inom grisproduktionen baseras på svar från 288 företagare av totalt 814 (35%) möjliga och relevanta med angiven epostadress i SCB.s lantbruksregister. Av dessa var närmare 25% kvinnor och hälften av grisföretagarna hade varit verksamma mer än 20 år. Smågrisproduktion bedrevs av 20%, slaktsvinsproduktion 40% och integrerad produktion stod för 40% av svaren. Ca 90% av företagen bedrevs konventionellt, medan drygt 10% hade någon form av ekologisk produktion. Vidare framkom att mer än hälften av företagen hade anställd personal. En stor del av frågeställningarna i studien var inriktade på skador och hälsobesvär, goda exempel, problem samt lösningar och åtgärder vid olika arbetsmoment. Vad gäller utfodringsarbetet var det inte så vanligt med skador och hälsobesvär, men incidenter med galtar och sinsuggor, andningsbesvär och besvär i rörelseorganen rapporterades. Fördelar med automatisk utfodring och blötutfodring framhölls i en hel del svar. Problem vid utfodring gällde t ex: larm under nattetid, ständig jour och ensamarbete. Manuell utfodring där man bar spannar och utfodrade smågrisar framhölls som fysiskt påfrestande. De som hade utegrisar berättade att dåligt väder under höst och vinter kunde göra utfodringsarbetet tungt och besvärligt. Andra risker gällde bl.a. dammig miljö samt stress och skaderisker vid krånglande utfodringssystem. Vad gäller behov av åtgärder var det främst tekniska lösningar som önskades för att förbättra arbetsmiljön vid utfodringsarbetet. Vid utgödsling, rengöring/tvätt samt halmhantering framkom främst besvär gällande luftmiljöns påverkan på andningsorganen, oron för gödselgaser samt det påfrestande arbetet med maunell högtrycksrengöring. Vad gäller goda exempel framhöll man främst tvättroboten som ett hjälpmedel som verkligen förbättrade arbetsmiljön. Ett annat exempel var automatisk halmspridning och transport av halm på räls. Problem och förbättringsförslag gällde främst manuell högtrycksvätt och svårigheter med användning av andningsskydd vid detta arbete. Andra förbättringsbehov framkom gällande krånglande utgödslingsanläggningar och den slitsamma manuella skrapningen av boxar. Rapporter gällande skador och hälsobesvär vid skötsel av djur gällde bl.a. aggressiva suggor och incidenter vid vaccinationer. Kläm- och trampskador och handledsproblem vid arbete med smågrisar var också vanligt förekommande. Lugna djur och lugna djurskötare togs upp som goda exempel tillsammans med slopande av konventionell grisvägning. Problem som upplevdes var främst stora, tunga och ibland aggressiva djur, seminering och vaccinationer samt stämpling av djur och vägning. Behov av tekniska lösningar, t.ex. gällande vägning samt bättre avelsarbete framfördes. Andra arbetsuppgifter gällde djurhantering och djurförflyttning, där det främst rapporterades kläm-, halk- och bitskador. Kadavervagn, stora utlastningsrum och drivgångar var bland de goda exempel som framkom. Rapporter gällande problem handlade om avlivning av stora suggor och svårigheten att flytta stora tunga kroppar som låg illa till. Andra problem som förekom var flyttning av grisar vid dåligt väder och med okunnig personal samt urskiljning av slaktfärdiga grisar i boxarna. Tekniklösningar var det man främst tänkte sig för att förbättra arbetsmiljön, men mer personal underlättade också arbetet. Användning av personlig skyddsutrustning var ganska vanligt förekommande vid stallarbetet, främst stålhätta/skyddsskor, hörselskydd och andningsskydd, ca 60-80% använde detta, beroende på arbetsuppgift. Gaslarm användes på tre av de 34 arbetsplatser med vaccumutgödslingssystem, men flera skrev att de borde skaffa gaslarm. Andra viktiga faktorer i grisföretagarnas arbetsmiljö gällde personal och psykosociala aspekter. Svårigheter att hitta personal med lämplig kompetens var problematiskt, där man påpekade att språk och kommunikation var viktigt. När det gällde orosfaktorer var det främst ekonomin, djurrättsaktivister samt administrativa krav som upplevdes som påfrestande. Bland de faktorer som skapar arbetsglädje var välmående djur, välfungerande personal och goda produktionsresultat det som flest uppskattade. Studiens resultat har visat att det fortfarande finns arbetsmiljöproblem inom svensk grisproduktion, men att det i många fall även finns goda exempel på tekniska och organisatoriska lösningar. Ett bra exempel är arbetet med tvätt av stallar som upplevs som väldigt påfrestande vid manuell högtryckstvätt, medan tvättrobotar upplevs som en stor förbättring. Andra tekniska lösningar med stor potential att förbättra arbetsmiljön är automatiska halmfördelningssystem , automatiserad vägning och kvalitetsförbättrade utgödslingssystem. Även bättre design och ergonomi för handhållna hjälpmedel för vaccinationer, tandslipning och märkning hade varit till stor nytta. Luftmiljön i grisstall behöver fortsatt utveckling och förbättring och så länge det inte finns optimala lösningar är det viktigt med bra andningsskydd som är enkla och bekväma att använda. Användningen av tillförlitliga gaslarm i alla stallar med vaccumutgödsling borde vara självklart och obligatoriskt. Det är viktigt att inte glömma vikten av att grisnäringen har tillgång till kompetent och motiverad stallpersonal, vilket kan vara ett problem för en del av de medverkande företagarna. Att ha goda ekonomiska förutsättningar, uppleva trygghet mot att drabbas av aktivism, friska djur och en minskad byråkrati hade gjort livet ännu bättre för Sveriges grisproducenter!
42.	Göransson, Eva, et al. (författare) Arbetsmiljöutbildning på Naturbruksgymnasium med inriktning lantbruk 2019 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Jord- och skogsbruk är fortfarande en av landets mest skadedrabbade näringar och det är av största vikt att framtidens företagare och medarbetare inom den gröna sektorn, tidigt får kunskap och insikt om arbetsmiljöns betydelse för ett tryggt, säkert och gott arbete för att skapa en förbättrad säkerhetskultur inom näringen. Denna studie syftade till att kartlägga och analysera den arbetsmiljöutbildning som ges vid svenska naturbruksgymnasier och avgränsades till Naturbruksprogrammets lantbruksinriktning. Samtliga 29 skolor med lantbruksinriktning erhöll enkäter, med något olika innehåll till rektorer, driftsledare, lärare samt instruktörer med frågor kring utbildning, läromedel och samsyn/kommunikation. Det material som inkom (svarsfrekvens 33 %) visade att naturbruksgymnasierna i Sverige hade ett högt säkerhetstänkande och väl upparbetade rutiner för olyckor och tillbud och att detta upplevdes välkänt och väl fungerande av personalen. Det fanns en tendens till att instruktörerna inte i lika hög grad upplevde att rapporteringen ledde till uppföljning och åtgärder. Den grundläggande arbetsmiljöutbildningen i kursen Naturbruk, fick varierande omfattning på grund av avsaknad av timanvisning samt svårigheter att finna adekvata läromedel, vilket riskerar att medföra att elevernas kunskaper inte blir likvärdiga utan kommer att bero på respektive lärares intresse och tidsutrymme. De undervisande lärarnas vitt skilda bakgrunder, ger ytterligare tyngd åt behovet av relevant sammanhållen litteratur. Sammantaget tydde resultaten också på att undervisningen i karaktärsämneskurserna generellt inte axlade den utvecklande roll de ska ha gällande arbetsmiljöfrågorna, enligt kursplanernas målbeskrivning och centrala innehåll. Troliga förklaringar kan vara läromedel med bristande anknytning och uppdatering till gällande kursmål, enskilda lärares intresse i frågan och/eller otydligheter kring vad som ska undervisas i vilken kurs. Insikten kring hur viktiga instruktörerna är som förebilder, bör föranleda ökat fokus på att utbilda dem i arbetsmiljöfrågor.
43.	Göransson, Eva, et al. (författare) Företagare inom de gröna näringarna i Nordvästra Skåne – framtidstro och tillväxt? 2018 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Föreliggande studie syftar till en ökad insikt och förståelse för de förutsättningar och utmaningar som företagarna har, speciellt familjeföretagarna, inom de gröna näringarna i nordvästra Skåne. Samtliga lantbruks-, trädgårds- och skogsföretag inom kommunerna Åstorp, Ängelholm, Höganäs, Örkelljunga samt Båstad (1 672 företag), erhöll under perioden september till oktober 2017, en enkät som resulterade i 730 bearbetningsbara svar. Överlag visade studien att företagarna i de nordvästskånska kommunerna var väldigt nöjda med sitt liv, sin boendemiljö och även sitt arbete. Hälften av företagen hade varit i släkten 60 år eller mer, vilket vittnar om traditioner och djupa rötter i bygden, både personligt och företagsmässigt. Företagen var verkligen familjeföretag i betydande utsträckning, då nästan hälften uppgav att familjemedlemmar var verksamma på ett betydelsefullt sätt i företaget. De drev en mångfald av verksamheter och redovisade en hög personlig energinivå i sitt företagande. Medelåldern var 59 år och andelen kvinnliga företagare var knappt 20%. Det var vanligt att företagaren kombinerade verksamheten med anställning hos annan arbetsgivare. Av de 730 företagarna var det en knapp tredjedel, som arbetade på heltid i sina företag samt var under pensionsålder (< 66 år). Inom lantbruk- och trädgårdssektorn hade ungefär hälften av företagarna under 66 år annan inkomst. Denna studie visar att det bland företagarna i de gröna näringarna i nordvästra Skåne fanns en mångfald av olika verksamheter, mycket vilja och energi och i grunden en positiv inställning, men det behövs en positiv attityd till deras företagande. Man efterfrågade först och främst en ökad lönsamhet, bättre finansieringsmöjligheter särskilt för unga, en myndighetsutövning som verkar främjande, lättare tillgång till relevant arbetskraft, samhällets nolltolerans mot den brottslighet som har brett ut sig och en ändrad attityd kring miljöfrågor. Det ges en mängd idéer till nya verksamheter och utveckling. Både den Nationella och särskilt den Skånska livsmedelsstrategin säger sig vilja bidra till allt detta och studien visar att nordvästra Skåne har alla förutsättningar för att vara och utvecklas i den riktningen. Rapporten ger förslag för berörda instanser att beakta, för en mer företagsvänlig strategi och stöttning av de gröna näringarna i bygden.
44.	Hagerman, Viktoria, et al. (författare) Studieteknik 2019 Ingår i: Didaktisk utvecklingsdialog. Lärares och skolledares professionella utveckling. Anette Olin, Jonas Almqvist, Lisbeth Gyllander Torkildsen, Karim Hamza (red.). - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144125749 ; , s. 177-195 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Studieteknik är av allmändidaktiskt intresse. Hur ska elever studera för att skapa bästa möjliga förutsättningar för sitt eget lärande? I detta kapitel är lärarens ansvar för att stödja elevernas utveckling av denna förmåga i fokus. En lärare i engelska söker olika vägar att stötta eleverna, även de som inte ser någon större mening med att vara bra på att studera. Frågan är dock vad som egentligen är problemet. Kommentatorerna lyfter bland annat fram betydelsen av de didaktiska frågorna vad, hur och varför, samt samspelet dem emellan, och föreslår även ett perspektivbyte som innebär att snarare behandla dilemmat som brister i undervisningen än som brister hos eleverna.
45.	Hedefalk, Maria, 1971-, et al. (författare) Teaching in preschool 2015 Ingår i: Nordic Studies in Education. - Oslo. - 1891-5914. ; 35:1, s. 20-36 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
46.	Hedefalk, Maria, et al. (författare) Teaching in preschool 2015 Ingår i: Nordic Studies in Education. - 1891-5914 .- 1891-5949. ; 15, s. 20-36 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The present study investigates the practice of teaching in preschool. Similarities and differences in Swedish science education in compulsory school and preschool practice are compared. This is executed by a study of teacher’s participation in the meaning making process in the activities. The empirical material consists of video observations and field notes from preschool and compulsory school. A pragmatist approach is used to analyse the activities.The result shows that even though no learning goals are articulated by the preschool teachers the analyses show that the teachers direct children in specific ways. Teaching in this context is understood as an action to direct children’s meaning making towards what is considered relevant in the practice.The study shows that children in both preschool and compulsory school learn the central principle to make investigations. The actions made by the teachers do not look like teacher-centered-teaching where play and caring necessarily is ignored. If teaching can be defined as directing children’s attention into a certain direction in line with the curriculum, teaching is a central activity through the whole day in preschool.
47.	Hedefalk, Maria, et al. (författare) “That’s what you are going to find out” – a comparative study of meaning making in two educational settings. 2010 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Teachers’ manner of teaching may have different consequences for meaning making in different educational settings. This is a comparative study with the aim to clarify and discuss how educational content is constituted in two different discourse practices. The approach used is inspired by pragmatism and the later works of Wittgenstein. In order to analyze how teachers and children/students constitute meaning, we use the epistemological move analysis. The epistemological moves delivered by teachers in conversations with children/students are analysed in order to understand how teaching activities interplay with the “how” and “what” preschool/students learn. The empirical material is gathered in a Swedish compulsory school (school years 7-9) and in a preschool for children of aged 1-5. The analyses demonstrate important similarities and differences between the two discourse practices. Finally, we discuss how these results can be used in order to understand teaching and learning processes in different settings.
48.	Jakobsson, Hugo, 1990-, et al. (författare) Pulp-to-palm distance after plate fixation of a distal radius fracture corresponds to functional outcome 2023 Ingår i: Archives of physiotherapy. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 2057-0082. ; 13:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract INTRODUCTION: Several factors can influence the outcome after a distal radius fracture (DRF). The aim of this study was to assess whether postoperative pulp-to-palm (PTP) distance correlated with functional outcomes after plate fixation of DRF. MATERIALS &METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of plate fixation in patients with type-C fractures. Subjects (N = 135) were divided into 2 groups based on PTP distance (equal to or higher than 0 cm) at 4 weeks postoperatively. Outcome measures were collected prospectively at 3, 6 and 12 months and included Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), Quick Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) scores, wrist range of motion (ROM), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, and hand grip strength.RESULTS: Overall, at 3 and 6 months patients with PTP > 0 cm had significantly worse outcomes (PRWE, QuickDASH, wrist ROM) than those with PTP =0 cm. At 12 months, QuickDASH and wrist ROM were still significantly worse. In the volar-plating subgroup, patients with PTP > 0 cm had significantly worse wrist ROM and grip strength at 3 months, but no significant differences were found in subsequent follow-ups. In the combined-plating group, patients with PTP > 0 cm had significantly worse QuickDASH, wrist ROM and grip strength at 3 months. At 6 and 12 months, wrist ROM was still significantly worse.CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of PTP distance appears to be useful to identify patients likely to have worse outcome after plating of a DRF. This could be a tool to improve the allocation of hand rehabilitation resources.
49.	Johansson, Birgitta, et al. (författare) Atrial function after left atrial epicardial cryoablation for atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery 2012 Ingår i: Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology. - : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 1383-875X .- 1572-8595. ; 33:1, s. 85-91 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PURPOSE: To explore the effects on atrial and ventricular function of restoring sinus rhythm (SR) after epicardial cryoablation and closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA) in patients with mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing surgery.METHODS: Sixty-five patients with permanent AF were randomized to mitral valve surgery combined with left atrial epicardial cryoablation and LAA closure (ABL group, n = 30) or to mitral valve surgery alone (control group, n = 35). Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography were performed before and 6 months after surgery.RESULTS: At 6 months, 73% of the patients in the ABL group and 46% of the controls were in SR. Patients in SR at 6 months had a reduction in their left ventricular diastolic diameter while the left ventricular ejection fraction was unchanged. In patients remaining in AF, the left ventricular ejection fraction was lower than at baseline. The left atrial diastolic volume was reduced after surgery, more in patients with SR than AF. In patients in SR, the peak velocity during the atrial contraction and the reservoir function were lower in the ABL group than in the control group.CONCLUSIONS: In patients in SR, signs of atrial dysfunction were observed in the ABL but not the control group. Atrial dysfunction may have existed before surgery, but the difference between the groups implies that the cryoablation procedure and/or closure of the LAA might have contributed.
50.	Kim, Kyungsu, et al. (författare) Agricultural health and safety in Sweden and South Korea – a comparison and the implications 2022 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Introduction and objectiveSharing knowledge, information and experiences between countries and collaborative efforts worldwide are needed to promote occupational protection of farmers. In order to exchange and cooperate for the mutual development of agricultural health and safety in Korea and Sweden, international cooperation projects were conducted during the years 2017-2019.Material and methodsThe three year collaboration and exchange program included short and long-term visits for groups and individual researchers from both countries.ResultsSweden has an advanced social security system, an experience of “Safe Farmer Common Sense” (Säkert Bondförnuft) as a successful preventive project, and a stable health and safety network, whereas Korea is in an important stage of strengthening agricultural health and safety management at the national level, establishing laws and systems in a development led by agricultural and forestry institutions. Although there are differences between Korea and Sweden, there were many similarities in the difficulties and challenges in improving agricultural health and safety.ConclusionsTo ensure the health and safety of all people working on farms including self-employed farm operators and their family members, several things were found to be needed in common in both countries: accurate statistics on the current situation of occupational injuries and diseases in agriculture, an application of practical preventive programs suitable for the agricultural sector, and fostering agricultural health and safety experts and promoting their activities. To obtain these goals, a separate or complementary safety management system considering the specificity of agriculture as well as supporting system with the legal, institutional, and organizational measures should be prepared.

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