| 1. |
- Olsson, Viktoria, et al.
(författare)
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Natural variations of precursors in pig meat affect the yield of heterocyclic amines : effects of RN genotype, feeding regime, and sex
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 50:10, s. 2962-2969
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pig meat shows natural variations in the concentrations of precursors of heterocyclic amines (HCAs), which may affect formation of HCAs in cooked pig meat. To study this, 26 pigs with an inherent genetic variation (carriers and noncarriers of the RN(-) allele) were subjected to different feeding regimes (conventional feed compared with feed composed according to organic standards). In addition, the effect of sex (castrated males or females) was considered when assessing chemical and technological meat quality parameters. Concentrations of precursors of HCAs, i.e., creatine, residual glycogen, dipeptides, and free amino acids, were analyzed in the raw meat, and the levels of some HCAs (4,8-DiMeIQx, MeIQx, PhIP, harman, and norharman) were then determined in fried meat patties prepared from these pigs. The RN genotype most affected technological meat quality parameters and the level of precursors of HCAs, especially the level of residual glycogen, where carriers of the RN(-) allele showed levels four times as high as those of noncarriers (75.3 +/- 2.6 compared with 17.2 +/- 2.4 micromol/g meat, least-squares means +/- SE). The increased level of residual glycogen resulted in about 50% lower amounts of total mutagenic HCAs in cooked meat compared with cooked meat from normal pigs. Fried meat from carriers of the RN(-) allele obtained darker crust color than meat from noncarriers. Feeding regime and sex did not significantly affect the chemical composition of the meat or the formation of HCAs.
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| 2. |
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Allusions and Reflections : Greek and Roman Mythology in Renaissance Europe
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- In June 2012, scholars from a number of disciplines and countries gathered in Stockholm to discuss the representation of ancient mythology in Renaissance Europe. This symposium was an opportunity for the participants to cross disciplinary borders and to problematize a well-researched field. The aim was to move beyond a view of mythology as mere propaganda in order to promote an understanding of ancient tales and fables as contemporary means to explain and comprehend the Early Modern world.With the Renaissance, pagan religion ceased to pose a threat to Christianity and its mythologies found a way to coexist with Christian doctrine. Old Greek and Roman tales came to play a crucial role in Renaissance culture, partly because the ancient sources, both literary and artistic, many of them recently uncovered, provided rich material for the writers and artists of the period. Mythology provided a network of allusions and references for contemporary poetry and art, reinforcing the possibilities of allegorical interpretation. Furthermore, it offered moral guidance since deities could easily be materialized into personifications of vices and virtues. All artistic expressions, visual and textual, whether they belonged to a secular or a religious tradition, made use of mythology. This volume exemplifies how Renaissance writers’ and artists’ acquaintance with mythological accounts from Homer to Apuleius was of utmost importance for their creative work, as it was for their readers and those contemporary patrons of art who saw themselves as the living embodiment of some remote ancient deity. By posing new questions and suggesting alternative answers to old ones, the contributors to this volume provide a better and more detailed understanding of the struggles and strategies of recycling, recuperating and transforming ancient mythology during the Renaissance. All chapters here have a common focus on the re-configuration of classical myths in Early Modern Europe, in political, erotic and ceremonial contexts. By returning to the classical world of cosmic strife and harmony, of gods and metamorphoses, Renaissance poets and artists were able to express their aesthetic ideals, personal preoccupations and moral attitudes. Ancient mythology offered them a full set of useful metaphors, which could take on new meanings in a new cultural context.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, H. Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of sex, feed and pre-slaughter routines on technological meat quality in carriers and non-carriers of the RN- allele
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica - Section A: Animal Science. - : Taylor and Francis AS. - 0906-4702 .- 1651-1972. ; 53:3, s. 147-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this project was to study the effects of feeding system (dry or wet feeding with whey), dietary lysine level and pre-slaughter routines on technological meat quality in entire male, female and castrated male pigs, which were carriers or non-carriers of the RN- allele. The feeding system only affected the yield of processed meat, resulting in lower Napole yield (87.5% vs 89.4%) for meat of whey fed pigs. Further, lower dietary lysine levels resulted in higher drip loss of the meat compared with high dietary levels (5.3% vs 4.8%). Mixing of unfamiliar pigs prior to slaughter led to meat with lower internal reflectance values (28.3 vs 32.2) and glucose + G-6-P concentrations of the meat juice (46.3 vs 49.7 μmol/ml) compared with pen-wise slaughtering. In comparison with non-carriers, RN- carriers had significantly lower ultimate pH, shear force values and water-holding capacity. Mixing of non-carrier pigs prior to slaughter gave higher Napole yield compared with those handled pen-wise. Females had lower ultimate pH and higher Napole yield compared with entire males.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Early vaccination with Improvac® - effects on performance and behaviour of male pigs
- 2012
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Ingår i: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 6, s. 87-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of giving a two-dose regimen of gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine, Improvac (R) (Pfizer Ltd), earlier than currently recommended, on performance and behaviour of growing/finishing pigs. Cross-bred male pigs (n = 5192) were randomly allocated, within a litter, into four groups at birth: one group of pigs surgically castrated without anaesthesia before one week of age, a second group of early vaccinated pigs given Improvac at 10 and 14 weeks of age, a third group of standard vaccinated pigs given Improvac at 16 and 20 weeks of age, so that the second vaccination was given 4 to 6 weeks before slaughter as recommended by the manufacturer, and a fourth group of entire male pigs. The experiment started when the pigs were 12 weeks old and lasted until 25 weeks of age, when the pigs were slaughtered. The pigs were fed restrictedly. Daily weight gain and feed conversion during the entire raising period did not differ significantly between groups. Estimated lean meat content of early vaccinated and surgically castrated pigs was lower when compared with entire male pigs, whereas standard vaccinated pigs did not differ from entire males. Dressing percentage was higher in early vaccinated and surgically castrated pigs than in standard vaccinated and entire male pigs, partly because of lower size and weight of reproductive organs. For both groups of vaccinated pigs, both problematic and non-problematic behaviours decreased after their second injection, from the levels of entire males to those of surgically castrated pigs. After the second injection, pigs of both vaccination groups performed no mountings, in contrast with entire male pigs of the same age. Skin lesions at slaughter were fewer and less severe for vaccinated pigs compared with entire male pigs. No difference in income per carcass was observed for surgically castrated or vaccinated pigs. However, for entire male pigs the income was lower, as the payment system in Sweden also takes into consideration the additional cost for boar taint analyses and reduced payment for tainted carcasses. Under our experimental conditions, early vaccination with Improvac can be used as an alternative to the recommended schedule to minimise problematic behaviour with unaffected profitability.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten : Resurs- och miljööversikt 2012
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är den nionde utgåvan av den samlade översikten över fisk- och kräftdjursbeståndens status i våra vatten. Kunskap om fiskbestånden och miljön är en förutsättning för att utnyttjandet av fiskresurserna skall bli bärkraftigt. För svenska vattenområden beskrivs miljöutvecklingen i ett ekosystemsperspektiv, dels för att tydliggöra fiskens ekologiska roll och beskriva yttre miljöfaktorer som påverkar fiskbestånden, dels för att belysa fiskets effekter på miljön.Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten. Rapporten sammanfattar utveckling och beståndsstatus för de kommersiellt viktigaste fisk- och kräftdjursarterna i våra vatten. Bedömningar och förvaltningsråd är baserade på Internationella Havsforskningsrådets (ICES) rådgivning, SLU Aquas nationella och regionala provfiskedata, samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
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| 9. |
- Bai, Lucy, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical assessment of breast symmetry and aesthetic outcome : Can 3D imaging be the gold standard?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - 2000-656X .- 2000-6764. ; 57:1-6, s. 145-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a lack of an accurate standardised objective method to assess aesthetic outcome after breast surgery. In this methodological study, we investigated the intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of breast symmetry and volume assessed using three-dimensional surface imaging (3D-SI), evaluated the reproducibility depending on imaging posture, and proposed a new combined volume-shape-symmetry (VSS) parameter. Images were acquired using the VECTRA XT 3D imaging system, and analysed by two observers using VECTRA Analysis Module. Breast symmetry was measured through the root mean square distance. All women had undergone bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. The reproducibility and correlations of breast symmetry and volume measurements were compared using Bland-Altman's plots and tested with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. 3D surface images of 58 women were analysed (348 symmetry measurements, 696 volume measurements). The intra-observer reproducibility of breast symmetry measurements was substantial-excellent, the inter-observer reproducibility was substantial, and the inter-posture reproducibility was substantial. For measurements of breast volumes, the intra-observer reproducibility was excellent, the inter-observer reproducibility was moderate-substantial, and the inter-posture reproducibility was substantial-excellent. The intra-observer reproducibility of VSSVSS was excellent while the inter-observer reproducibility was substantial for both observers, independent of posture. There were no statistically strong correlations between breast symmetry and volume differences. The intra-observer reproducibility was found to be substantial-excellent for several 3D-SI measurements independent of imaging posture. However, the inter-observer reproducibility was lower than the intra-observer reproducibility, indicating that 3D-SI in its present form is not a great assessment for symmetry.
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| 10. |
- Bai, Lucy, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-reported outcomes and 3-dimensional surface imaging after risk-reducing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction
- 2021
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Ingår i: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. - 2169-7574. ; 9:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cosmetic results after risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) and immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) are intended to be long-lasting. Long-term follow-up of the cosmetic outcome can be evaluated subjectively by the women themselves through patient-reported outcome measures such as questionnaires, or by using data from three-dimensional surface imaging (3D-SI) to calculate the volume, shape, and symmetry of the reconstructed breasts as a more objective cosmetic evaluation. The study aim was to evaluate the correspondence between patient-reported measures and 3D-SI measurements.Methods: Questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-BRECON23 and BIS) were sent to women on average 13 [7-20] years after RRM and IBR. Items were preselected for comparison with 3D measurements of women imaged using the VECTRA XT 3D-imaging system at the long-term follow-up.Results: Questionnaire responses and 3D images of 58 women, 36 without and 22 with previous breast cancer (where 15 also received radiotherapy) before RRM and IBR, were analyzed. Median age at follow-up was 57 [41-73] years. Patient-reported satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome was positive for both groups. 3D measurements indicated more symmetrical cosmetic results for women without previous breast cancer. No statistically significant associations between patient-reported satisfaction and 3D measurements were found.Conclusions: Satisfaction with the long-term cosmetic outcome after RRM and IBR was, in general, positive when evaluated by the women. 3D-SI could be used as a more objective approach to assess the cosmetic outcome in terms of volume and shape-symmetry; however, it does not directly translate to the patient-reported satisfaction.
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| 11. |
- Björck, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Tveksam vinst med ekolantbruk
- 2009
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Ingår i: Svenska dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; -
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Brunius, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Skatole metabolites in urine as a biological marker of pigs with enhanced hepatic metabolism
- 2016
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Ingår i: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 10, s. 1734-1740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Boar taint is a quality defect in meat, related to accumulation of skatole and androstenone in male pigs. The levels of skatole and its main metabolites in plasma and urine samples were measured with a validated liquid chromatography-MS method and related to activity of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP450) in order to identify fast metabolizing' pigs. Urine (n=46), blood (n=12), liver (n=25) and adipose tissue (n=46) were sampled from a total of 46 entire male pigs. Skatole levels in fat were negatively correlated to CYP2E1 activity and positively to 3-hydroxy-3-methyloxindole (HMOI), indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA) and 2-aminoacetophenone in urine. HMOI and ICA levels in urine were the best predictors of high skatole levels in fat. In summary, the present study provided further evidence for the key role of CYP2E1 in skatole metabolism and suggested that measurement of HMOI and/or ICA in urine might provide information about skatole levels in live pigs.
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| 14. |
- Carlsson, Susanne, 1953-
(författare)
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Hellenistic Democracies : Freedom, Independence and Political Procedure in Some East Greek City-States
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Freedom from external control is one prerequisite for democracy. In the hellenistic period the Greek city-states are thought to have lost their independence due to the establishment of the hellenistic hegemonies, and thereby also lost their possibilities of democratic government and of pursuing a foreign policy of their own. This study shows that interstate relations among many of the Greek cities of coastal Asia Minor were active. Measures were taken to solve interstate conflicts and to strengthen ties of friendship among cities, but the cities did not refrain from claiming their rights vis-à-vis each other and even waging war; this would not have been possible during severe control. In the power struggle between the changing hegemons, the individual poleis had possibilities to manoeuvre fairly independently. By systematizing and analyzing the frequency and contents of hellenistic decrees enacted by the council and demos of four East Greek city-states, the study shows that the latter were democratically ruled, and the issues decided on foremost concerned foreign relations. The empirical investigation concludes with an application of the criteria for democracy set up by Aristotle and the political scientist Robert Dahl, and all four city-states are shown to comply with most of the criteria. However, in the second half of the second century polis decrees gradually decrease, to cease altogether towards the end of the first century BC, and foreign matters also disappear from the agenda. A possible reason is the growing power of Rome and the establishment of the Roman province of Asia in 129 BC. Under a sole hegemon the poleis no longer had possibilities to set their own agenda.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Diaz-Gallo, Lina-Marcela, et al.
(författare)
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Four Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Subgroups, Defined by Autoantibodies Status, Differ Regarding HLA-DRB1 Genotype Associations and Immunological and Clinical Manifestations
- 2022
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Ingår i: ACR Open Rheumatology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2578-5745. ; 4:1, s. 27-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) constitutes clinical and therapeutical challenges. We therefore studied whether unrecognized disease subgroups can be identified by using autoantibody profiling together with HLA-DRB1 alleles and immunological and clinical data.Methods: An unsupervised cluster analysis was performed based on detection of 13 SLE-associated autoantibodies (double-stranded DNA, nucleosomes, ribosomal P, ribonucleoprotein [RNP] 68, RNPA, Smith [Sm], Sm/RNP, Sjögren's syndrome antigen A [SSA]/Ro52, SSA/Ro60, Sjögren's syndrome antigen B [SSB]/La, cardiolipin [CL]-Immunoglobulin G [IgG], CL-Immunoglobulin M [IgM], and β2 glycoprotein I [β2 GPI]-IgG) in 911 patients with SLE from two cohorts. We evaluated whether each SLE subgroup is associated with HLA-DRB1 alleles, clinical manifestations (n = 743), and cytokine levels in circulation (n = 446).Results: Our analysis identified four subgroups among the patients with SLE. Subgroup 1 (29.3%) was dominated by anti-SSA/Ro60/Ro52/SSB autoantibodies and was strongly associated with HLA-DRB1*03 (odds ratio [OR] = 4.73; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.52-4.94). Discoid lesions were more common for this disease subgroup (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.18-2.47). Subgroup 2 (28.7%) was dominated by anti-nucleosome/SmRNP/DNA/RNPA autoantibodies and associated with HLA-DRB1*15 (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.41-1.84). Nephritis was most common in this subgroup (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.14-2.26). Subgroup 3 (23.8%) was characterized by anti-ß2 GPI-IgG/anti-CL-IgG/IgM autoantibodies and a higher frequency of HLA-DRB1*04 compared with the other patients with SLE. Vascular events were more common in Subgroup 3 (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.2-2.5). Subgroup 4 (18.2%) was negative for the investigated autoantibodies, and this subgroup was not associated with HLA-DRB1. Additionally, the levels of eight cytokines significantly differed among the disease subgroups.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that four fairly distinct subgroups can be identified on the basis of the autoantibody profile in SLE. These four SLE subgroups differ regarding associations with HLA-DRB1 alleles and immunological and clinical features, suggesting dissimilar disease pathways.
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| 17. |
- Einarsson, Stig, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of early vaccination with Improvac (R) on the development and function of reproductive organs of male pigs
- 2011
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Ingår i: Animal Reproduction Science. - : Elsevier Masson. - 0378-4320 .- 1873-2232. ; 127:1-2, s. 50-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine (Improvac (R)) is effective at diminishing boar taint by interfering with testis function. Early pre-pubertal vaccination at 10 and 14 weeks-of-age could be desirable if sufficient and sustained effects could be achieved. Crossbred male pigs (n = 24) were randomly assigned to three groups each with eight individuals: an unvaccinated control group, one group vaccinated with Improvac (R) early at ages 10 and 14 weeks, and a third group vaccinated with Improvac at the standard ages of 16 and 20 weeks. The average age at slaughter was 25 weeks. At slaughter, reductions in testes weight and bulbourethral gland length of vaccinated pigs compared with controls were observed (P andlt; 0.001), accompanied by lowered testosterone concentrations in peripheral blood (P andlt; 0.001). The diameter of tubuli seminiferi was affected: being 18% smaller in standard and 38% smaller in early vaccinated males, compared with controls (P andlt; 0.01). Leydig cells in vaccinated pigs became pycnotic, and their number decreased in early vaccinated pigs. Spermatogenesis was disrupted, evidenced by spermatocyte loss among standard vaccinated pigs to severe spermatogenic arrest among early vaccinated pigs. This histological picture was reflected in the absence of epididymal spermatozoa in 5 of 8 early vaccinated pigs and a dramatic reduction in the remaining 3 early vaccinated pigs. Among standard vaccinated pigs, 5% of the spermatozoa were morphologically normal (andgt;70% in controls, P andlt; 0.01). Early vaccination caused a more severe disruption of testicular structure and function than standard vaccination, thus providing an alternative for immunocastration of male pigs.
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| 18. |
- Einarsson, S., et al.
(författare)
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Short- and long-term effects of immunization against gonadotropin-releasing hormone, using Improvac (TM), on sexual maturity, reproductive organs and sperm morphology in male pigs
- 2009
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Ingår i: Theriogenology. - : Elsevier. - 0093-691X .- 1879-3231. ; 71:2, s. 302-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to determine the short and long term effects of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine (Improvac (TM) Pfizer Ltd.), on sexual maturity, development of the reproductive organs, and the morphology of caudal epididymal spermatozoa in non-castrated male pigs. The pigs were slaughtered 4, 16 or 22 weeks after the second Improvac (TM) vaccination. A total of 80 crossbred non-castrated male pigs were included in this study comprising two experiments, a short-effect (Experiment 1) and a long-effect (Experiment 2). The first experiment included 56 pigs, 24 of them were maintained as controls and 32 were vaccinated twice, and slaughtered 4 weeks after the second vaccination. The second experiment included 24 pigs, 12 controls and 12 vaccinated twice, and slaughtered either 16 weeks (n = 6) or 22 weeks (n = 6) after the second vaccination. None of the immunized pigs was sexually mature at slaughter, i.e. 4, 16 or 22 weeks after second vaccination. Corresponding results of the control pigs showed that 50% had reached sexual maturity at the age corresponding to 4 weeks after the second vaccination. and 100% at slaughter 16, respectively, 22 weeks after vaccination. At 4, 16 and 22 weeks after second vaccination both testes weight and bulbourethral length were significantly reduced (p less than 0.001). The percentages of proximal droplets and abnormal heads were significantly lower in the control pigs than in the immunized pigs at slaughter 4 weeks after vaccination, whereas distal droplets were higher. For the other morphological parameters no significant differences were seen, but all mean values except for acrosome defects were numerically lower in the control pigs compared with the immunized pigs. For pigs slaughtered 16 or 22 weeks after vaccination, the vaccination effect was significant for percentages of proximal droplets, distal droplets, acrosome defects, acrosome abnormality and abnormal heads (p = 0.017-0.001). The immunization clearly disrupted the number and morphology of the interstitial Leydig cells, lasting throughout the study period (4-22 weeks after vaccination). Spermatogenesis was also clearly affected in the immunized pigs, to various degrees, from mild disruption (spermatocyte loss, decrease of the normal number of layers of germ cells) to severe loss of germ cells including tubuli with Sertoli cells-only (complete disappearance of germ cells), also covering the entire study period. The results indicated that the effect of immunization persisted for at least 22 weeks after the second vaccination. (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Kamal-Eldin, Afaf, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of androstenone levels in porcine plasma by LC-MS/MS
- 2010
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Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 122, s. 1278-1282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Androstenone (5 alpha-androst-16-en-3-one) is a major component in boar taint. Here, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to analyse androstenone in porcine plasma to facilitate studies of its transport from pig testes to adipose tissues. The method used androstanone (5 alpha-andro-stan-3-one) as internal standard, Oasis (R) MCX solid-phase extraction, C18 reversed-phase column, and API 5000 Triple Quadrupole mass spectrometry with positive electrospray ionisation interface operating in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. Incubation of the plasma samples with beta-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase revealed an increase in androstenone yield indicating the presence of a conjugated form of its 3-enol isomer. With this method the limit of detection (LOD) was 1.0 ng and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 3.3 ng per mL of plasma. In conclusion, the presented method is sensitive and reproducible and thus suitable for accurate quantification of androstenone levels in a small volume of porcine plasma. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 29. |
- Karlskov-Mortensen, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide identification of quantitative trait loci in a cross between Hampshire and Landrace I : carcass traits
- 2006
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Ingår i: Animal Genetics. - : Wiley. - 0268-9146 .- 1365-2052. ; 37:2, s. 156-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting carcass composition, carcass length, fat deposition and lean meat content using a genome scan across 462 animals from a combined intercross and backcross between Hampshire and Landrace pigs. Data were analysed using multiple linear regression fitting additive and dominance effects. This model was compared with a model including a parent-of-origin effect to spot evidence of imprinting. Several precisely defined muscle phenotypes were measured in order to dissect body composition in more detail. Three significant QTL were detected in the study at the 1% genome-wide level, and twelve significant QTL were detected at the 5% genome-wide level. These QTL comprise loci affecting fat deposition and lean meat content on SSC1, 4, 9, 10, 13 and 16, a locus on SSC2 affecting the ratio between weight of meat and bone in back and weight of meat and bone in ham and two loci affecting carcass length on SSC12 and 17. The well-defined phenotypes in this study enabled us to detect QTL for sizes of individual muscles and to obtain information of relevance for the description of the complexity underlying other carcass traits.
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| 30. |
- Karlsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Electrical stimulation affects metabolic enzyme phosphorylation, protease activation, and meat tenderization in beef
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0021-8812 .- 1525-3163. ; 90, s. 1638-1649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to investigate the response of sarcoplasmic proteins in bovine LM to low-voltage electrical stimulation (ES; 80 V, 35 s) after dressing and its contribution to meat tenderization at an early postmortem time. Proteome analysis showed that ES resulted in decreased (P < 0.05) phosphorylation of creatine kinase M chain, fructose bisphosphate aldolase C-A, beta-enolase, and pyruvate kinase at 3 h postmortem. Zymography indicated an earlier (P < 0.05) activation of mu-calpain in ES muscles. Free lysosomal cathepsin B and L activity increased faster (P < 0.05) in ES muscles up to 24 h. Immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy further indicated that lysosomal enzymes were released at an early postmortem time. Electrical stimulation also induced ultrastructural disruption of sarcomeres. In addition, ES accelerated (P < 0.05) the depletion of ATP, creatine phosphate, and glycogen, as well as a pH decline and the more preferred pH/temperature decline mode. Finally, ES accelerated meat tenderization, resulting in lesser (P < 0.05) shear force values than the control over the testing time. A possible relationship was suggested between a change in the phosphorylation of energy metabolic enzymes and the postmortem tenderization of beef. Our results suggested the possible importance of the activation of mu-calpain, phosphorylation of sarcoplasmic proteins, and release of lysosomal enzymes for ES-induced tenderization of beef muscle.
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| 31. |
- Körning-Ljungberg, Jessica
(författare)
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Psychological responses to noise and vibration
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vehicle drivers are a group of workers that are exposed to noise and whole-body vibration (WBV) several hours a day. Some drivers may also be exposed to high mental loads – monitoring and manipulating physical controls while engaging problem solving activities often with strong short-term memory and spatial manipulation components. Present standards and regulations that govern health risk assessment do not take into consideration the complexities of these multiple exposure environments. The effect of one factor (for example, noise or WBV) may be different than the effect of two factors presented together. This thesis investigates whether the combination of noise and WBV affects the performance of cognitive tasks more than when the exposures are presented separately. A series of studies were designed to expose subjects to noise and WBV stimuli designed to simulate real life working conditions. Different combinations of subjective ratings, cognitive tests, and cortisol measurements were conducted both during and immediately after exposures, which ranged from 20 to 45 minutes. The studies have shown that a combination of noise and WBV do not degrade cognitive performance more than a single stimulus. However, WBV can degrade attention performance after exposure is turned off when drivers have been working under high mental load during exposure. The combined stimuli are also experienced as more annoying and work is more difficult in such conditions. The exposure times and task difficulty levels used in this thesis did not produce biological stress as measured by cortisol. Nevertheless, subjective ratings are sometimes seen as early indicators of other symptoms and with increased task difficulty and/or longer exposure times there may appear other measurable outcomes of the combined stimuli.
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| 32. |
- Lagerstedt Norström, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of packaging methods on beef quality traits
- 2009
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate how different packaging methods and aging times affect beef meat quality traits. The packaging methods tested were high-oxygen modified atmosphere (MAP), vacuum packaging, and vacuum skin packaging. Ten young bulls (16-25 months old) from two farms were slaughtered the same day according to standard routines at a commercial Swedish slaughter plant. M. longissimus dorsi (LD) from both sides were cut from the carcass day 1 post mortem, vacuum packed and aged 7 days. The LDs were cut into 3.5 cm steaks and stored in vacuum pack, MAP or skin pack for an additional 7 or 14 days. After storage the steaks were frozen (-20°C). Samples were heat treated in a water bath until an end temperature of 73°C. The perceived tenderness was shown to be significantly different between the packaging methods. The 7-day steaks and the MAP 21-day steaks were perceived to be the least tender, whereas the vacuum packed and skin packed steaks stored 21 days were perceived to be the most tender. The samples aged in MAP had lower water-holding capacity, higher shear-force and lower juiciness and flavour intensity than all other samples
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| 33. |
- Lagerstedt Norström, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of vacuum or high-oxygen modified atmosphere packaging on quality of beef M longissimus dorsi steaks after different ageing times
- 2011
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 87, s. 101-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to determine if beef quality parameters differ between steaks in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP 80% O(2) and 20% CO(2)) and in vacuum packaging Both M longissimus dorsi (LD) from ten young bulls were cut in steaks day 3 postmortem and frozen either directly or after storage for 5 or 15 days in MAP and/or vacuum The parameters studied were Warner Bratzler shear force colour stability alpha-tocopherol content protein oxidation water holding capacity and sensory attributes Steaks stored in MAP had higher shear force than steaks stored in only vacuum at all ageing times Tenderness and juiciness were negatively affected by storage in MAP Ageing in MAP induced higher levels of metmyoglobin compared with vacuum ageing In conclusion high-oxygen MAP negatively influenced shear force thawing loss alpha-tocopherol content and colour stability as well as the sensory attributes tenderness juiciness and to some extent meat flavour (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The American Meat Science Association
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| 34. |
- Lagerstedt Norström, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Vacuum skin pack of beef - A consumer friendly alternative
- 2011
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 88, s. 391-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess how beef quality traits are affected by skin packaging compared with vacuum and high-oxygen modified atmosphere packaging (MAP; 80% O(2) and 20% CO(2)). Both M. longissimus dorsi from 6 young bulls were cut and aged in vacuum for 7 days and then cut into 3.5-cm steaks, thereafter either frozen directly day 7 or stored in skin pack, vacuum pack or MAP for an additional 7 or 14 days and then frozen. Warner-Bratzler shear force, loss and colour were measured and sensory analysis was performed. The results showed no differences in shear force, sensory analysis and total loss between steaks packed in skin pack or vacuum, but skin packed steaks had lower purge loss. MAP steaks had lower sensory scores than the other treatments at days 14 and 21. Raw MAP-steaks were bright red, but showed signs of premature browning when cooked. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 35. |
- Li, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative study of beef quality after ageing longissimus muscle using a dry ageing bag, traditional dry ageing or vacuum package ageing
- 2014
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 97, s. 433-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to investigate beef quality of longissimus muscle after ageing in dry ageing bags, traditional dry ageing or vacuum for 8 or 19 days. Lower ageing weight loss, odour score and microbial growth were found in meat aged in dry ageing bags than after traditional dry ageing. The sensory panel detected no differences for most of the sensory attributes between samples using the two dry ageing methods, except for the odour of the cutting surface. The dry-aged steaks had more umami and butter fried meat taste compared with vacuum-aged steaks. Ageing time affected most of the sensory traits in this study, which improved as ageing time increased from 8 to 19 days. In a consumer test, meat aged for 21 days in dry ageing bags was preferred than the samples aged in vacuum. This may be due to the higher tenderness and juiciness obtained during storage in dry ageing bags than meat aged in vacuum. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 36. |
- Li, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Association of polymorphisms at DGAT1, leptin, SCD1, CAPN1 and CAST genes with color, marbling and water holding capacity in meat from beef cattle populations in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 94, s. 153-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to investigate the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at five candidate genes with meat pH, color, marbling and water holding capacity (WHC) in young bulls from five beef breeds (n=243) in Sweden. The UASMS2 polymorphism at the leptin gene and the SNPs at the Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene (SCD1.878) and mu-calpain gene (CAPN1:c.947) were associated with variation in meat color traits after 6 days of exposure to air. The K232A polymorphism at the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene and the CAPN1:c.947 SNP were associated with level of beef marbling. There was no association between the SNP at the calpastatin gene (CAST:c.155) and meat quality traits, nor was there any association of the tested SNPs with WHC traits and pH value. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 37. |
- Li, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Consumer preference and effect of correct or misleading information after ageing beef longissimus muscle using vacuum, dry ageing, or a dry ageing bag
- 2014
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 96, s. 661-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to determine which ageing treatment of beef was sensorially preferred by consumers and how their preference changed when given information about the ageing treatment used. Longissimus thoracis et lumborum from four young bulls were randomly assigned three ageing treatments: dry ageing, vacuum ageing and ageing in a highly moisture permeable bag (bag dry-ageing); each was aged at 1.6 degrees C for another 13 days. A preference test (171 consumers) with questions about overall liking, tenderness, and juiciness was performed. Thereafter, a deceptive test (61 consumers) was performed with two taste samples, the first taste sample with correct information about ageing treatment and the second with false information. In the preference test, consumers preferred dry ageing and bag dry-ageing to vacuum ageing. In the deceptive test, dry ageing was preferred, but the information given influenced preference. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 38. |
- Li, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of low-voltage electrical stimulation after dressing on color stability and water holding capacity of bovine longissimus muscle
- 2011
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 88, s. 559-565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of low voltage electrical stimulation after dressing (ES) on color stability and water holding capacity (WHC) of beef was investigated. Nine Swedish red cattle were slaughtered and the left side was electrically stimulated (80 V, 35s) approximately 30 min after stunning, whereas the other side was not treated and used as control. Color and its stability, WHC, and protein solubility were evaluated on longissimus lumborum muscles from the two sides. ES produced a brighter red color at 24 h mainly by increasing the oxygenation capacity of myoglobin (P<0.01), which was attenuated by postmortem aging. ES did not affect WHC, protein solubility and color stability (P>0.05). Therefore, this technology could accelerate meat tenderization without any negative effect on commercial attributes, such as color or drip of bovine longissimus muscle. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 39. |
- Li, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of vacuum skin packaging on color stability of beef longissimus lumborum compared with vacuum and high-oxygen modified atmosphere packaging
- 2012
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 92, s. 604-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to investigate how color stability of beef is affected by vacuum skin packaging (VSP) compared with vacuum packaging (VP) and high-oxygen modified atmosphere packaging (MAP; 80% O-2 and 20% CO2). Longissimus lumborum muscles were aged in vacuum for 7 days and then cut into 2-cm-thick slices and repacked using VSP. VP and MAP for another 7 days. Color stability was measured during the next 5 days in air and samples for alpha-tocopherol and NADH analyses were obtained at the beginning and end of aerobic storage. Color stability, alpha-tocopherol and NADH of steaks were affected by packaging methods and storage time in air (P < 0.05). Higher a* value was obtained in VSP on day 5 compared with VP. Steaks packed in VSP had better color stability than in VP and their color was similar to MAP at the end (day 5) of storage. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 40. |
- Li, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Meat quality, microbiological status and consumer preference of beef gluteus medius aged in a dry ageing bag or vacuum
- 2013
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 95, s. 229-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated meat quality and consumer preference after ageing beef gluteus medius in a water vapour-permeable dry-ageing bag or in vacuum for 14 days. Higher ageing and trim losses but lower thawing loss, cooking loss and water content were found in samples aged in dry ageing bags compared to those aged in vacuum. Samples aged in dry ageing bags had higher total bacteria and yeast counts but lower lactic acid bacteria counts than those aged in vacuum, both before and after trimming. Meat aged in dry ageing bag was more tender and juicier and overall preferred by consumers compared with samples aged in vacuum. Female participants outperformed the males in detecting differences in palatability. No differences were found in pH, smell, shear force, colour, Enterobacteriaceae, and mould counts. Thus, by using a dry ageing bag, it is possible to produce dry-aged meat in a more controlled condition without negative effects on sensory or other quality attributes. (c) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 41. |
- Lindahl, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Ageing of large cuts of beef loin in vacuum or high oxygen modified atmosphere - Effect on shear force, calpain activity, desmin degradation and protein oxidation
- 2010
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 85, s. 160-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate the effect of ageing large beef cuts directly in high oxygen modified atmosphere (MA) and how ageing time in vacuum influence meat quality when followed by retail packaging in high oxygen MA. Large cuts (10 cm long) of beef loin (LD) were aged for up to 25 days postmortem in different ageing systems at 4 degrees C. Ageing solely in high oxygen modified atmosphere (MA, 80% O(2) + 20% CO(2)) for 5 or 10 days and ageing in vacuum for 5 or 15 days followed by high oxygen MA for 5 or 10 days were compared with ageing in vacuum for 5, 15 and 25 days. Warner-Bratzler shear force, purge and cooking losses, calpain activity and desmin and carbonyl contents were measured. Shear force decreased to the same level when ageing this large beef cut solely in high oxygen MA for 5 or 10 days as when ageing in vacuum. The activity of mu-calpain disappeared, the activity of m-calpain decreased and purge loss increased between 5 and 10 days, but cooking loss and the contents of desmin and carbonyls were unaffected. The ageing time in vacuum before packaging of this large beef cut in high oxygen MA did not affect the ultimate shear force. The m-calpain activity decreased and the content of carbonyls increased compared with solely in vacuum after 15 days of total ageing, but there was no difference in the content of desmin or cooking loss between these ageing systems at the same ageing time. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 42. |
- Lindahl, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptual masking of boar taint in Swedish fermented sausages
- 2009
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 81, s. 580-588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surgical castration of male piglets has traditionally been practiced to avoid development of boar taint in pork meat which can occur if entire male pigs are raised. Boar taint is commonly characterised as exhibiting the odour and flavour of urine and manure. This study involves sensory characterisation of the possibilities to mask boar taint in meat from entire male pigs by fermentation and smoking to maintain high sensory quality in meat products if castration is prohibited. Model and commercial type Swedish fermented sausage products based on low or high levels of boar tainted fat, three different starter cultures and two different levels of smoking were studied. In the model sausages, liquid smoke masked the perception of boar taint. In contrast, the smoking procedure of the commercial sausages was insufficient to totally mask the perception of boar taint. In both the model and commercial sausages, the aroma development from the starter cultures lowered the perception of boar taint but was insufficient for total perceptual masking. Due to the total masking effect of smoking in the model sausages, it was clear that smoke may present a potential solution to remove the perception of boar taint in fermented sausages if the smoking procedure is optimised. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 43. |
- Lindahl, Olof A, et al.
(författare)
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Biomedical engineering research improves the health care industry
- 2014
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Ingår i: XIII Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 2013. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319008455 - 9783319008462 ; , s. 1124-1126
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The health care industry is dependent on new innovations for its survival and expansion. Health care innovations are also important for improving patient care. Through activities at the centre for biomedical engineering and physics (CMTF) we have generated growth both in academia at the universities and in the industry in northern Sweden. Fruitful cooperation was generated between 26 research projects and about 15 established companies in the field of biomedical engineering. The established researcher-owned company for business development of the research results from the CMTF, CMTF Business Development Co Ltd, has so far launched three spin-off companies and has 10 new business leads to develop. The activities have also increased the interest for commercialization and entrepreneurship among the scientists in the centre. So far a total of nine spin-off companies have resulted from the CMTF-research since the year 2000 that has improved the health care market in northern Sweden. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.
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| 44. |
- Lindahl, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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From biomedical research to spin-off companies for the health care market
- 2010
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Ingår i: The XII Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. ; , s. 624-626, s. 624-626
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through research at the centre for biomedical engineering and physics (CMTF) seven new companies have been established in Northern Sweden. The activities have generated growth both in academia at the universities and in the industry in Northern Sweden. Cooperation was built up between the 23 research projects and more than 20 established companies in the field of biomedical engineering. A researcher-owned company for business development of the research results from the CMTF has been established, CMTF Business Development Co Ltd, and has launched its first spin-off company in the autumn 2009. It has also increased the interest for commercial and entrepreneurship questions among the scientists in the centre. So far seven spin-off companies have resulted from the CMTF-research.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Lindberg, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Competencies for practice in renal care : a national delphi study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Renal Care. - : Wiley. - 1755-6678 .- 1755-6686. ; 38:2, s. 69-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe essential competencies relevant for professional renal nursing in Sweden. A Delphi study with four rounds was conducted from November 2008 to April 2009. A national sample of renal nurses was used to achieve consensus about the core competencies required. The 43 competencies were reviewed for face validity by external experts representing general nursing, renal nursing, stakeholders and nephrologists. The core competencies were categorised in nine areas according to their structure; nursing and medical science, information and teaching, examinations and therapies, promoting health and preventing ill health, palliative care, safety and quality, care environment, research and development and management and cooperation in the patient care pathway. Altogether these categories represent a national description of competence in renal nursing.
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| 47. |
- Lundesjö Ahnström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of pelvic suspension of beef carcasses on quality and physical traits of five muscles from four gender-age groups
- 2012
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Ingår i: Meat Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0309-1740 .- 1873-4138. ; 90, s. 528-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pelvic and Achilles suspension methods for beef carcasses were compared for four gender-age groups (24 month bulls, 34 month bulls, heifers, and cows) and five muscles [M. longissimus dorsi (LD), M. semimembranosus (SM). M. adductor (AD), M. psoas major (PM), and M. gluteus medius (GM)]. Pelvic suspension increased muscle and sarcomere lengths in the SM, LD, GM, and AD muscles. The following effects were significant (p<0.05). Peak force was reduced by pelvic suspension in the LD and GM of bulls-24 and bulls-34, but not heifers and cows. Furthermore, peak forces decreased for the SM after pelvic suspension in bulls-24, bulls-34, and heifers. For the AD, the only decrease in peak force was for bulls-34. Water-holding capacity increased and purge in vacuum bags decreased for pelvic suspension of all muscles except the PM. Although the effects of pelvic suspension varied somewhat between gender-age groups and muscles, this method of hanging carcasses merits industrial consideration because it improves muscle yields, tenderness, and reduces variation within muscles. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 48. |
- Lundesjö Ahnström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of carcass suspension on meat quality of Charolais heifers from two sustainable feeding regimes
- 2009
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Ingår i: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 3, s. 906-913
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the effects of pelvic suspension on the meat quality of M. longissimus dorsi, M. semimembranosus and M. adductor from 35 heifers with at least 75% Charolais breeding. Two-thirds of the heifers were slaughtered directly from pasture at 18 months of age and one-third was finished indoors and slaughtered at 22 months. After slaughter and electrical stimulation one side of each carcass was re-suspended by either the achilles tendon or the pelvic bone. Longissimus muscles were aged 7 or 14 days and were then evaluated for drip loss, colour, shear force and sensory analysis. As compared to 18-month-old heifers, 22-month-old heifers were heavier, more muscular and fatter (P < 0.05). Intramuscular fat content increased with slaughter age (P < 0.003). Pelvic suspension reduced longissimus peak force values, total energy, pH and thawing losses (P < 0.05) in heifers slaughtered at 18 months. Semimembranosus showed the largest response to pelvic suspension with significantly lower peak force and total energy values. Finishing for 4 months did not affect longissimus shear forces. Achilles-suspended samples had lower shear force values after 14 v. 7 days of ageing. Pelvic-suspended samples aged 7 days were, however, just as tender as those aged 14 days. Sensory analysis of longissimus samples aged 14 days showed that samples from pelvic-suspended sides had higher tenderness, lower bite resistance, more meaty taste and less visible marbling compared with samples from achilles-suspended carcasses.
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| 49. |
- Lundesjö Ahnström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of slaughter age and carcass suspension on meat quality in Angus heifers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 6, s. 1554-1562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the effects of pelvic suspension and slaughter age on longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) from 40 heifers with at least 75% Angus breeding. A total of 20 heifers were slaughtered directly from pasture at 18 months of age, and carcass sides were hung either by the Achilles tendon or the pelvic bone. The other 20 heifers were assigned to an additional winter housing period and slaughtered at 22 months of age; carcass sides were hung only by Achilles suspension. All carcasses were electrically stimulated and assessed according to the EUROP carcass classification system. In addition, the LTL muscles were aged for 7 or 14 days before meat quality was evaluated for intramuscular fat (IMF), drip loss, colour, shear force, compression and sensory analysis. The 22-month-old heifers were heavier, fatter and had more IMF than 18-month-old heifers. Conformation scores (muscling) did not differ between the two slaughter groups. Pelvic suspension reduced both between- and within-animal variation for peak force, total energy and compression peak force. For the 18-month-old heifers, pelvic suspension also decreased peak force, total energy and compression variables for the LTL muscles from both ageing periods, whereas Achilles-suspended samples had lower shear force values only at day 14. Sensory analysis showed that pelvic-suspended sides had greater tenderness, lower bite resistance, less threadiness, higher juiciness and meat flavour and less visible marbling than meat from Achilles-suspended sides. Pelvic-suspended sides at 18 months of age were similar in peak force and total energy values to the 22-month-old heifers. The importance of ageing the Achilles-suspended sides was more obvious for samples from 18-month-old heifers than from the 22-month-old animals. The correlations between the different instrumental measurements and sensory tenderness were considerably higher for carcasses suspended by the Achilles tendon (r = -0.55 to 0.20) than for those hung by the pelvic bone (r = -0.25 to 0.19). More correlations between sensory-evaluated tenderness and shear variables were significant after 7 days (n = 6) of ageing than after 14 days (n = 4) of ageing. This study clearly shows the benefits of pelvic suspension, which reduces the need for additional feeding after pasture.
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| 50. |
- Lundström, Emeli, et al.
(författare)
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HLA-DRB1*04/*13 alleles are associated with vascular disease and antiphospholipid antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus
- 2013
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 72:6, s. 1018-1025
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Vascular disease is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and patients with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are at high risk to develop arterial and venous thrombosis. Since HLA class II genotypes have been linked to the presence of pro-thrombotic aPL, we investigated the relationship between HLA-DRB1 alleles, aPL and vascular events in SLE patients.METHODS:665 SLE patients of Caucasian origin and 1403 controls were included. Previous manifestations of ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD) and venous thromboembolism (together referred to as any vascular events (AVE)) were tabulated. aPL were measured with ELISA. Two-digit HLA-DRB1 typing was performed by sequence-specific primer-PCR.RESULTS: HLA-DRB1*04 was more frequent among SLE patients with ICVD compared to unaffected patients. This association remained after adjustment for known traditional cardiovascular risk factors. HLA-DRB1*13 was associated with AVE. All measured specificities of aPL—cardiolipin IgG and IgM, β2-glycoprotein-1 IgG, prothrombin (PT) IgG and a positive lupus anticoagulant test were associated with HLA-DRB1*04—while HLA-DRB1*13 was associated with IgG antibodies (β2-glycoprotein-1, cardiolipin and PT). In patients with the combined risk alleles, HLA-DRB1*04/*13, there was a significant additive interaction for the outcomes AVE and ICVD.CONCLUSIONS:The HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DRB1*13 alleles are associated with vascular events and an aPL positive immune-phenotype in SLE. Results demonstrate that a subset of SLE patients is genetically disposed to vascular vulnerability.
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