| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
-
- 2019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 5. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
|
|
| 6. |
- Luo, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Thermal Stability and Dopant Segregation for Schottky Diodes With Ultrathin Epitaxial NiSi(2-y)
- 2011
-
Ingår i: IEEE Electron Device Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0741-3106 .- 1558-0563. ; 32:8, s. 1029-1031
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Schottky barrier height (SBH) of an ultrathin epitaxial NiSi(2-y) film grown on Si(100) is modified significantly by means of dopant segregation (DS). The DS process begins with the NiSi(2-y) formation and is followed by dopant implantation and drive-in annealing. The rapid lattice restoration and superior morphological stability upon heat treatment up to 800 degrees C allow the epitaxial NiSi(2-y) film to take full advantage of the DS process. For drive-in annealing below 750 degrees C, the effective SBH is altered to similar to 0.9-1 eV for both electrons and holes by B-DS and As-DS, respectively, without deteriorating the integrity of the NiSi(2-y) film.
|
|
| 7. |
- Chen, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
A self-healing elastomer based on an intrinsic non-covalent cross-linking mechanism
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488. ; 7:25, s. 15207-15214
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synthesis and comprehensive examination of a polyurethane (urea) elastomer that self-heals based on intrinsic dynamic non-covalent bonds (van der Waals and hydrogen) are reported. The dynamic non-covalent bonds include hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. The difference in the previous approach in which hydrogen bond self-healing materials introduced dense quadruple hydrogen bonds at the ends or branched chains poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) diol was used as the soft segment of the polyurethane (urea) material, and strong van der Waals forces were provided by the large number of carbonyl groups in its main chain; hydrogen bonds were formed by urethane bonds, urea bonds, and the carbonyl groups on PPC. The mechanical properties and healing efficiency of the self-healing polyurethane (urea) elastomer were studied. In situtemperature-dependent infrared and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LNMR) measurements were combined with molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the self-healing mechanisms. The results of the studies on the self-healing polyurethane demonstrate that the dynamic cross-linking between hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces is the basic driving force for the self-healing ability of the material, and temperature is the key factor that affects hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. The effect of crystallization on the self-healing ability of the material was also studied. The molecular dynamics simulation results also demonstrate interplay between van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds at different temperatures.
|
|
| 8. |
- Chen, Jun-Tong, et al.
(författare)
-
Corydalis sunhangii (Papaveraceae) : A new species from Xizang, China, based on plastome and morphological data
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2045-7758. ; 14:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new species of Papaveraceae, Corydalis sunhangii, in the section Trachycarpae, is described and illustrated from Nyingchi City, Xizang, China. The new species has some resemblance to Corydalis kingdonis, but differs by radical leaves prominent, usually several, blade tripinnate (vs. insignificant, few, blade bi- to triternate); cauline leaf usually one, much smaller than radical leaves, usually situated in lower half of stem (vs. usually two, larger than radical leaves, concentrated in upper third of stem); racemes densely 13-35-flowered (vs. rather lax, 4-11-flowered); claw of lower petal shallowly saccate (vs. very prominently and deeply saccate); capsule oblong, with raised lines of dense papillae (vs. broadly obovoid, smooth). Phylogenetic analysis, based on 68 protein-coding plastid genes of 49 samples, shows that C. sunhangii is not closely related to any hitherto described species, which is consistent with our morphological analysis.
|
|
| 9. |
- Gudmundsson, Valur, et al.
(författare)
-
Fully Depleted UTB and Trigate N-Channel MOSFETs Featuring Low-Temperature PtSi Schottky-Barrier Contacts With Dopant Segregation
- 2009
-
Ingår i: IEEE Electron Device Letters. - 0741-3106 .- 1558-0563. ; 30:5, s. 541-543
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Schottky-barrier source/drain (SB-S/D) presents a promising solution to reducing parasitic resistance for device architectures such as fully depleted UTB, trigate, or FinFET. In this letter, a low-temperature process (<= 700 degrees C) with PtSi-based S/D is examined for the fabrication of n-type UTB and trigate FETs on SOI substrate (t(si) = 30 nm). Dopant segregation with As was used to achieve the n-type behavior at implantation doses of 1 (.) 10(15) and 5. 10(15) cm(-2). Similar results were found for UTB devices with both doses, but trigate devices with the larger dose exhibited higher on currents and smaller process variation than their lower dose counterparts.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hudson, Thomas J., et al.
(författare)
-
International network of cancer genome projects
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 464:7291, s. 993-998
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) was launched to coordinate large-scale cancer genome studies in tumours from 50 different cancer types and/or subtypes that are of clinical and societal importance across the globe. Systematic studies of more than 25,000 cancer genomes at the genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic levels will reveal the repertoire of oncogenic mutations, uncover traces of the mutagenic influences, define clinically relevant subtypes for prognosis and therapeutic management, and enable the development of new cancer therapies.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
-
Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Lu, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
On Epitaxy of Ultrathin Ni1-xPtx Silicide Films on Si(001)
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Electrochemical and solid-state letters. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 1099-0062 .- 1944-8775. ; 13:10, s. H360-H362
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epitaxial Ni(Pt)Si2-y (y < 1) films readily grow upon thermal treatment of 2 nm thick Ni and Ni0.96Pt0.04 films deposited on Si(001). For annealing at 500 degrees C, the films are 5.4-5.6 nm thick with 61-70 mu cm in resistivity. At 750 degrees C, the epitaxial Ni(Pt)Si2-y films become 6.1-6.2 nm thick with a resistivity of 42-44 mu cm. Structural analysis reveals twins, facet wedges, and thickness inhomogeneities in the films grown at 500 degrees C. For higher temperature, an almost defect-free NiSi2-y film with a flat and sharp interface is formed. The presence of Pt makes the aforementioned imperfections more persistent.
|
|
| 15. |
- Luo, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Carbon on Schottky Barrier Heights of NiSi Modified by Dopant Segregation
- 2009
-
Ingår i: IEEE Electron Device Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0741-3106 .- 1558-0563. ; 30:6, s. 608-610
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of carbon at the interface between NiSi and Si has been found to participate in the process of modification of effective Schottky barrier heights using the dopant segregation (DS) method. Carbon alone results in an increased phi(bn) from 0.7 to above 0.9 eV. Boron diffusion in NiSi is inhibited by carbon, and no B-DS at the NiSi/Si interface occurs below 600 degrees C. Above this temperature, B-DS at this interface is evident thus keeping phi(bn) high. The presence of interfacial carbon leads to an increased interfacial As concentration resulting in beneficial effects in tuning phi(bn) above 1.0 eV by As-DS.
|
|
| 16. |
- Luo, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of carbon pre-silicidation implant into Si substrate on NiSi
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Microelectronic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9317 .- 1873-5568. ; 120, s. 178-181
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, the effects of carbon pre-silicidation implant into Si(1 0 0) substrate on NiSi were investigated. NiSi films with carbon pre-silicidation implant to different doses were characterized by means of sheet resistance measurements, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), planar view transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and second ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). The presence of C is found to indeed significantly improve the thermal stability of NiSi as well as tends to change the preferred orientations of polycrystalline NiSi. The homogeneously distributed C at NiSi grain boundaries and C peak at NiSi/Si interface is ascribed to the improved thermal stability of NiSi. More importantly, the dose of carbon pre-silicidation implant also plays a key role in the formation of NiSi, which is suggested not to exceed a critical value about 5 x 10(15) cm(-2) in practical application in accordance with the results achieved in this work. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Luo, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Interaction of NiSi with dopants for metallic source/drain applications
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B. - : American Vacuum Society. - 1071-1023 .- 1520-8567. ; 28:1, s. C1I1-C1I11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work has a focus on NiSi as a possible metallic contact for aggressively scaled complementary metal oxide semiconductor devices. As the bulk work function of NiSi lies close to the middle of Si bandgap, the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of NiSi is rather large for both electron (similar to 0.65 eV) and hole (similar to 0.45 eV). Different approaches have therefore been intensively investigated in the literature aiming at reducing the effective SBH: dopant segregation (DS), surface passivation (SP), and alloying, in order to improve the carrier injection into the conduction channel of a field-effect transistor. The present work explores DS using B and As for the NiSi/Si contact system. The effects of C and N implantation into Si substrate prior to the NiSi formation are examined, and it is found that the presence of C yields positive effects in helping reduce the effective SBH to 0.1-0.2 eV for both conduction polarities. A combined use of DS or SP with alloying could be considered for more effective control of effective SBH, but an examination of undesired compound formation and its probable consequences is necessary. Furthermore, an analysis of the metal silicides that have a small "intrinsic" SBH reveals that only a very small number of them are of practical interest as most of the silicides require either a high formation temperature or possess a high specific resistivity.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
- Luo, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
On Different Process Schemes for MOSFETs With a Controllable NiSi-Based Metallic Source/Drain
- 2011
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. - : IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics. - 0018-9383 .- 1557-9646. ; 58:7, s. 1898-1906
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on different silicidation schemes toward a controllable NiSi-based metallic source/drain (MSD) process with restricted lateral encroachment of NiSi. These schemes include thickness control of Ni, Ni-Pt alloying, and two-step annealing. Experimental results show that all the three process schemes can give rise to effective control of lateral encroachment during Ni silicidation. By controlling t(Ni), NiSi-based MSD metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) of gate length L-G = 55 nm are readily realized on ultrathin-body silicon-on-insulator substrates with 20-nm surface Si thickness. With the aid of dopant segregation (DS) to modifying the Schottky barrier heights of NiSi, both n- and p-type MSD MOSFETs show significant performance improvement, compared to reference devices without DS.
|
|
| 21. |
- Luo, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Surface-energy triggered phase formation and epitaxy in nanometer-thick Ni1-xPtx silicide films
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 96:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formation of ultrathin silicide films of Ni1-xPtx at 450-850 degrees C is reported. Without Pt (x=0) and for t(Ni)< 4 nm, epitaxially aligned NiSi2-y films readily grow and exhibit extraordinary morphological stability up to 800 degrees C. For t(Ni)>= 4 nm, polycrystalline NiSi films form and agglomerate at lower temperatures for thinner films. Without Ni (x=1) and for t(Pt)=1-20 nm, the annealing behavior of the resulting PtSi films follows that for the NiSi films. The results for Ni1-xPtx of other compositions support the above observations. Surface energy is discussed as the cause responsible for the distinct behavior in phase formation and morphological stability.
|
|
| 22. |
- Luo, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Variation of Schottky barrier height induced by dopant segregation monitored by contact resistivity measurements
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Microelectronic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9317 .- 1873-5568. ; 120, s. 174-177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Change of contact resistivity (rho(c)) is monitored for evaluation of Schottky barrier height (SBH) variation induced by dopant segregation (DS). This method is particularly advantageous for metal-semiconductor contacts of small SBH, as it neither requires low-temperature measurement needed in current-voltage characterization of Schottky diodes nor is affected by reverse leakage current often troubling capacitance-voltage characterization. With PtSi contact to both n- and p-type diffusion regions, and the use of opposite or alike dopants implant into pre-formed PtSi films followed by drive-in anneal at different temperatures to induce DS at PtSi/Si interface, the formation of interfacial dipole is confirmed as the responsible cause for modification of effective SBHs thus the increase or decrease of rho(c). A tentative explanation for the change of contact resistivity based on interfacial dipole theory is provided in this work. Influences and interplay of interfacial dipole and space charge on effective SBH are also discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 23. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
-
Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
|
|
| 24. |
- Ma, Tao, et al.
(författare)
-
Genomic insights into salt adaptation in a desert poplar
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 4, s. 2797-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the high economic and ecological importance of forests, our knowledge of the genomic evolution of trees under salt stress remains very limited. Here we report the genome sequence of the desert poplar, Populus euphratica, which exhibits high tolerance to salt stress. Its genome is very similar and collinear to that of the closely related mesophytic congener, P. trichocarpa. However, we find that several gene families likely to be involved in tolerance to salt stress contain significantly more gene copies within the P. euphratica lineage. Furthermore, genes showing evidence of positive selection are significantly enriched in functional categories related to salt stress. Some of these genes, and others within the same categories, are significantly upregulated under salt stress relative to their expression in another salt-sensitive poplar. Our results provide an important background for understanding tree adaptation to salt stress and facilitating the genetic improvement of cultivated poplars for saline soils.
|
|
| 25. |
- Wang, Guilei, et al.
(författare)
-
Integration of Highly Strained SiGe in Source and Drain with HK and MG for 22 nm Bulk PMOS Transistors
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Nanoscale Research Letters. - : Springer. - 1931-7573 .- 1556-276X. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the integration of SiGe selective epitaxy on source/drain regions and high-k and metal gate for 22 nm node bulk pMOS transistors has been presented. Selective Si1-xGex growth (0.35 <= x <= 0.40) with boron concentration of 1-3 x 10(20) cm(-3) was used to elevate the source/drain. The main focus was optimization of the growth parameters to improve the epitaxial quality where the high-resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) measurement data provided the key information about Ge profile in the transistor structure. The induced strain by SiGe layers was directly measured by x-ray on the array of transistors. In these measurements, the boron concentration was determined from the strain compensation of intrinsic and boron-doped SiGe layers. Finally, the characteristic of transistors were measured and discussed showing good device performance.
|
|
| 26. |
- Xu, Chun Kai, et al.
(författare)
-
Nonlinear inelastic electron scattering revealed by plasmon-enhanced electron energy-loss spectroscopy
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nature Physics. - 1745-2473 .- 1745-2481. ; 10:10, s. 753-757
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electron energy-loss spectroscopy is a powerful tool for identifying the chemical composition of materials(1-5). It relies mostly on the measurement of inelastic electrons, which carry specific atomic or molecular information. Inelastic electron scattering, however, has a very low intensity, often orders of magnitude weaker than that of elastically scattered electrons. Here, we report the observation of enhanced inelastic electron scattering from silver nanostructures, the intensity of which can reach up to 60% of its elastic counterpart. A home-made scanning probe electron energy-loss spectrometer(6) was used to produce highly localized plasmonic excitations, significantly enhancing the strength of the local electric field of silver nanostructures. The intensity of inelastic electron scattering was found to increase nonlinearly with respect to the electric field generated by the tip-sample bias, providing direct evidence of nonlinear electron scattering processes.
|
|
| 27. |
- Zhang, Hao, et al.
(författare)
-
Recent advances in non-noble metal-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall seawater splitting
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : Elsevier. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 922
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since seawater is one of the most abundant resources on earth, seawater electrolysis is becoming increasingly attractive for clean energy/hydrogen production. Although significant progress has been made recently, it is still challenging to obtain bifunctional electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and durability suitable for seawater electrolysis because of the scarcity of precious metals and inadequate state-of-the-art materials for the overall reaction. The development of high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts is crucial to the commercialization of overall seawater electrolysis and in this review, the mechanism and challenges of seawater electrolysis are introduced. Optimization strategies for different types of non-noble-metal-based electrocatalysts including structural regulation, interface regulation, doping regulation, in situ assembly, alloying, and amorphization are summarized to elucidate the relationship among composition, structure, and properties. Finally, the challenge and prospective for future development of non-noble-metal-based bifunctional catalysts are discussed. This paper aims at providing guidance and insights into the rational design of highly efficient catalytic materials for practical seawater splitting.
|
|
| 28. |
- Zhang, Jun-Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Murine Membranous Nephropathy : Immunization with alpha 3(IV) Collagen Fragment Induces Subepithelial Immune Complexes and Fc gamma R-Independent Nephrotic Syndrome
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 0022-1767 .- 1550-6606. ; 188:7, s. 3268-3277
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults and a significant cause of end-stage renal disease, yet current therapies are nonspecific, toxic, and often ineffective. The development of novel targeted therapies requires a detailed understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms, but progress is hampered by the lack of a robust mouse model of disease. We report that DBA/1 mice as well as congenic Fc gamma RIII-/- and FcR gamma(-/-) mice immunized with a fragment of alpha 3(IV) collagen developed massive albuminuria and nephrotic syndrome, because of subepithelial deposits of mouse IgG and C3 with corresponding basement membrane reaction and podocyte foot process effacement. The clinical presentation and histopathologic findings were characteristic of MN. Although immunized mice produced genuine anti-alpha 3NC1 autoantibodies that bound to kidney and lung basement membranes, neither crescentic glomerulonephritis nor alveolitis ensued, likely because of the predominance of mouse IgG1 over IgG2a and IgG2b autoantibodies. The ablation of activating IgG Fc receptors did not ameliorate injury, implicating subepithelial deposition of immune complexes and consequent complement activation as a major effector pathway. We have thus established an active model of murine MN. This model, leveraged by the availability of genetically engineered mice and mouse-specific reagents, will be instrumental in studying the pathogenesis of MN and evaluating the efficacy of novel experimental therapies.
|
|
| 29. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-range angular correlations on the near and away side in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 719:1-3, s. 29-41
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angular correlations between charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV for transverse momentum ranges within 0.5 < P-T,P-assoc < P-T,P-trig < 4 GeV/c. The correlations are measured over two units of pseudorapidity and full azimuthal angle in different intervals of event multiplicity, and expressed as associated yield per trigger particle. Two long-range ridge-like structures, one on the near side and one on the away side, are observed when the per-trigger yield obtained in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from the one in high-multiplicity events. The excess on the near-side is qualitatively similar to that recently reported by the CMS Collaboration, while the excess on the away-side is reported for the first time. The two-ridge structure projected onto azimuthal angle is quantified with the second and third Fourier coefficients as well as by near-side and away-side yields and widths. The yields on the near side and on the away side are equal within the uncertainties for all studied event multiplicity and p(T) bins, and the widths show no significant evolution with event multiplicity or p(T). These findings suggest that the near-side ridge is accompanied by an essentially identical away-side ridge. (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 30. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.
|
|
| 31. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
-
Underlying Event measurements in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present measurements of Underlying Event observables in pp collisions at root s = 0 : 9 and 7 TeV. The analysis is performed as a function of the highest charged-particle transverse momentum p(T),L-T in the event. Different regions are defined with respect to the azimuthal direction of the leading (highest transverse momentum) track: Toward, Transverse and Away. The Toward and Away regions collect the fragmentation products of the hardest partonic interaction. The Transverse region is expected to be most sensitive to the Underlying Event activity. The study is performed with charged particles above three different p(T) thresholds: 0.15, 0.5 and 1.0 GeV/c. In the Transverse region we observe an increase in the multiplicity of a factor 2-3 between the lower and higher collision energies, depending on the track p(T) threshold considered. Data are compared to PYTHIA 6.4, PYTHIA 8.1 and PHOJET. On average, all models considered underestimate the multiplicity and summed p(T) in the Transverse region by about 10-30%.
|
|
| 32. |
- An, Junghwa, et al.
(författare)
-
Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2009-30 November 2009
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Molecular Ecology Resources. - : Wiley. - 1755-098X .- 1755-0998. ; 10:2, s. 404-408
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article documents the addition of 411 microsatellite marker loci and 15 pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Acanthopagrus schlegeli, Anopheles lesteri, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Branchiostoma japonicum, Branchiostoma belcheri, Colias behrii, Coryphopterus personatus, Cynogolssus semilaevis, Cynoglossus semilaevis, Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium officinale, Dysoxylum malabaricum, Metrioptera roeselii, Myrmeciza exsul, Ochotona thibetana, Neosartorya fischeri, Nothofagus pumilio, Onychodactylus fischeri, Phoenicopterus roseus, Salvia officinalis L., Scylla paramamosain, Silene latifo, Sula sula, and Vulpes vulpes. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Aspergillus giganteus, Colias pelidne, Colias interior, Colias meadii, Colias eurytheme, Coryphopterus lipernes, Coryphopterus glaucofrenum, Coryphopterus eidolon, Gnatholepis thompsoni, Elacatinus evelynae, Dendrobium loddigesii Dendrobium devonianum, Dysoxylum binectariferum, Nothofagus antarctica, Nothofagus dombeyii, Nothofagus nervosa, Nothofagus obliqua, Sula nebouxii, and Sula variegata. This article also documents the addition of 39 sequencing primer pairs and 15 allele specific primers or probes for Paralithodes camtschaticus.
|
|
| 33. |
- Arboleda-Velasquez, Joseph F, et al.
(författare)
-
Resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease in an APOE3 Christchurch homozygote: a case report.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-170X .- 1078-8956. ; 25:11, s. 1680-1683
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We identified a PSEN1 (presenilin 1) mutation carrier from the world's largest autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease kindred, who did not develop mild cognitive impairment until her seventies, three decades after the expected age of clinical onset. The individual had two copies of the APOE3 Christchurch (R136S) mutation, unusually high brain amyloid levels and limited tau and neurodegenerative measurements. Our findings have implications for the role of APOE in the pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
|
|
| 34. |
- Barbieri, Christopher E., et al.
(författare)
-
The Mutational Landscape of Prostate Cancer
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7560 .- 0302-2838. ; 64:4, s. 567-576
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a clinically heterogeneous disease with marked variability in patient outcomes. Molecular characterization has revealed striking mutational heterogeneity that may underlie the variable clinical course of the disease. Objective: In this review, we discuss the common genomic alterations that form the molecular basis of PCa, their functional significance, and the potential to translate this knowledge into patient care. Evidence acquisition: We reviewed the relevant literature, with a particular focus on recent studies on somatic alterations in PCa. Evidence synthesis: Advances in sequencing technology have resulted in an explosion of data regarding the mutational events underlying the development and progression of PCa. Heterogeneity is the norm; few abnormalities in specific genes are highly recurrent, but alterations in certain signaling pathways do predominate. These alterations include those in pathways known to affect tumorigenesis in a wide spectrum of tissues, such as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/phosphatase and tensin homolog/Akt pathway, cell cycle regulation, and chromatin regulation. Alterations more specific to PCa are also observed, particularly gene fusions of ETS transcription factors and alterations in androgen signaling. Mounting data suggest that PCa can be subdivided based on a molecular profile of genetic alterations. Conclusions: Major advances have been made in cataloging the genomic alterations in PCa and understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. These findings raise the possibility that PCa could soon transition from being a poorly understood, heterogeneous disease with a variable clinical course to being a collection of homogenous subtypes identifiable by molecular criteria, associated with distinct risk profiles, and perhaps amenable to specific management strategies or targeted therapies. (C) 2013 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 35. |
- Birney, Ewan, et al.
(författare)
-
Prepublication data sharing
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 461:7261, s. 168-170
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid release of prepublication data has served the field of genomics well. Attendees at a workshop in Toronto recommend extending the practice to other biological data sets.
|
|
| 36. |
- Cao, Hui, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of switching mechanism in molecular junctions by inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy
- 2008
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 112:29, s. 11018-11022
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present first-principles studies on electron transport properties of Pd-dithiolated oligoaniline-Pd molecular junctions. It is to demonstrate the possibility of using inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) to identify the switching mechanism in the molecular junction. Calculations have successfully reproduced the experimentally observed conductance switching behavior and the corresponding inelastic electron tunneling spectra. It is shown that the conductance switching is induced by conformation changes of the intercalated dithiolated oligoaniline in the junctions rather than oxidation/reduction as proposed earlier. Among three possible isomers, the low and high conductance states are related to two symmetrical structures. The possible involvement of asymmetric structure is discussed. It is revealed that chemical bonds between the terminal S atom and Pd electrodes are quite weak with relatively long bond distances.
|
|
| 37. |
- Cao, Hui, et al.
(författare)
-
Temperature-dependent statistical behavior of single molecular conductance in aqueous solution
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 130:21, s. 6674-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have combined molecular dynamics simulations with first principles calculations to study electron 4 transport in a single molecule of perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) sandwiched between two gold electrodes with an aqueous electrolyte. This combination has for the first time allowed one to reveal statistical behavior of molecular conductance in solution at different temperatures and to produce conductance histograms that can be directly compared with experiments. Our calculations show that experimentally observed temperature-dependent conductance ran be attributed to the thermal effect on the hydrogen bonding network around the molecule and can be described by the radial distribution of water molecules surrounding the oxygen atom in the PTCDI molecule.
|
|
| 38. |
- Chajara, Khalil, et al.
(författare)
-
The reagent-free, microwave-assisted purification of carbon nanotubes
- 2010
-
Ingår i: New Journal of Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1144-0546 .- 1369-9261. ; 34:10, s. 2275-2280
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a microwave-assisted, reagent-free method for the efficient primary purification of MW and SW carbon nanotubes that is extremely fast compared to previously reported processes. The treatment dissociates and disperses non-nanotube carbon in an organic solvent to yield very pure carbon nanotubes within a few minutes of heating and a simple filtration, without the involvement of acidic/oxidative reagents. According to thermogravimetric analysis, Raman and IR spectroscopy, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, the process yields pure nanotubes with a low degree of defects.
|
|
| 39. |
- Chang, Lufen, et al.
(författare)
-
The E3 ubiquitin ligase itch couples JNK activation to TNFα-induced cell death by inducing c-FLIP L turnover
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Cell. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 124:3, s. 601-613
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α signals both cell survival and death. The biological outcome of TNFα treatment is determined by the balance between NF-κB and Jun kinase (JNK) signaling; NF-κB promotes survival, whereas JNK enhances cell death. Critically, identity of a JNK substrate that promotes TNFα-induced apoptosis has been outstanding. Here we show that TNFα-mediated JNK activation accelerates turnover of the NF-κB-induced antiapoptotic protein c-FLIP, an inhibitor of caspase-8. This is not due to direct c-FLIP phosphorylation but depends on JNK-mediated phosphorylation and activation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch, which specifically ubiquitinates c-FLIP and induces its proteasomal degradation. JNK1 or Itch deficiency or treatment with a JNK inhibitor renders mice resistant in three distinct models of TNFα-induced acute liver failure, and cells from these mice do not display inducible c-FLIPL ubiquitination and degradation. Thus, JNK antagonizes NF-κB during TNFα signaling by promoting the proteasomal elimination of c-FLIPL.
|
|
| 40. |
- Chen, Guangyan, et al.
(författare)
-
Engineering Active-Site-Induced Homogeneous Growth of Polydopamine Nanocontainers on Loading-Enhanced Ultrathin Graphene for Smart Self-Healing Anticorrosion Coatings
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 15:19, s. 23679-23689
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering nanocontainers with encapsulated inhibitors onto graphene has been an emerging technology for developing self-healing anticorrosion coatings. However, the loading contents of inhibitors are commonly limited by inhomogeneous nanostructures of graphene platforms. Here, we propose an activation-induced ultrathin graphene platform (UG-BP) with the homogeneous growth of polydopamine (PDA) nanocontainers encapsulated with benzotriazole (BTA). Ultrathin graphene prepared by catalytic exfoliation and etching activation provides an ideal platform with an ultrahigh specific surface area (1646.8 m2/g) and homogeneous active sites for the growth of PDA nanocontainers, which achieves a high loading content of inhibitors (40 wt %). The obtained UG-BP platform exhibits pH-sensitive corrosion inhibition effects due to its charged groups. The epoxy/UG-BP coating possesses integrated properties of enhanced mechanical properties (>94%), efficient pH-sensitive self-healing behaviors (98.5% healing efficiency over 7 days), and excellent anticorrosion performance (4.21 × 109 Ω·cm2 over 60 days), which stands out from previous related works. Moreover, the interfacial anticorrosion mechanism of UG-BP is revealed in detail, which can inhibit the oxidation of Fe2+ and promote the passivation of corrosion products by a dehydration process. This work provides a universal activation-induced strategy for developing loading-enhanced and tailor-made graphene platforms in extended smart systems and demonstrates a promising smart self-healing coating for advanced anticorrosion applications.
|
|
| 41. |
- Chen, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel Intrinsic Self-Healing Poly-Silicone-Urea with Super-Low Ice Adhesion Strength
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Small. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 18:22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accumulation of snow and ice often causes problems and even dangerous situations for both industry and the general population. Passive de-icing technologies, e.g., hydrophobic, liquid-infused bionic surfaces, have attracted more and more attention compared with active de-icing technologies, e.g., electric heating, hot air heating, due to the passive de-icing technology's lower energy consumption and sustainability footprint. Using passive de-icing coatings seems to be one of the most promising solutions. However, the previously reported de-icing coatings suffer from high ice adhesion strength or short service life caused by wear. An intrinsic self-healing material based on poly-silicone-urea is developed in this work to address these problems. The material is prepared by introducing dynamic disulfide bonds into the hard phase of the polymer. Experimental results indicate that this poly-silicone-urea has a self-healing efficiency of close to 99%. More interestingly, it is found that the coating prepared from this poly-silicone-urea has a super low ice adhesion force, only 7 ± 1 kPa, which is almost the lowest value compared with previous intrinsic self-healing de-/anti-icing reports. This material can maintain low ice adhesion strength after healing. This intrinsic self-healing poly-silicone-urea can meet several practical applications, opening the door for future sustainable anti-/de-icing technologies.
|
|
| 42. |
- Chen, Si, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Current gain enhancement for silicon-on-insulator lateral bipolar junction transistors operating at liquid-helium temperature
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Electron Device Letters. - 0741-3106 .- 1558-0563. ; 41:6, s. 800-803
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conventional homojunction bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) are not suitable for cryogenic operation due to heavy doping-induced emitter band-gap narrowing and strong degradation in current gain (β) at low temperature. In this letter, we show that, on lateral version of the BJTs (LBJTs) fabricated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, such β degradation can be mitigated by applying a substrate bias (V sub ), and a β over unity is achieved in a base current (I B ) range over 5 orders of magnitudes at 4.2 K, with a peak β ~ 100 demonstrated. The β improvement is explained by the enhanced electron tunneling through base region as a result of base barrier lowering and thinning by a positive Vsub, which leads to dramatic increase of collector current (IC) while IB is negligibly affected.
|
|
| 43. |
- Chen, Song, et al.
(författare)
-
Inorganic Porous Bulk Discs as a Matrix for Thin-Layer Chromatography and Translucent Hard Composite Materials
- 2020
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 12:3, s. 3727-3735
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Magnesium-stabilized amorphous calcium carbonate (Mg-ACC), amorphous magnesium calcium silicate hydrate (MCSH), and hydroxyapatite (HAp) are prepared by a precipitation method. By cold-pressing these particles, it is possible to produce porous bulk discs with a narrow pore size distribution. These porous inorganic discs (Mg-ACC, MCSH, and HAp) are investigated as stationary phases to study the chromatographic behavior and adsorption ability of rhodamine B, methylene blue, and ribonuclease. The adsorption affinities of different biomolecules can be easily observed and evaluated through this method. Furthermore, by infiltrating fabricated opaque porous discs with benzyl ether, which has a similar refractive index as the used inorganic particles (Mg-ACC, MCSH, and HAp), their optical properties significantly change and the discs become translucent. Moreover, by infiltrating the MCSH discs with a light-curing polymer, translucent composites with good surface hardness are fabricated. By doping particles with ions such as Ni2+, Co2+ , Fe3+, and Eu3+, the color and UV-visible spectrum of the bulk discs can be adjusted. Typically, by using iron-doped MCSH particles as the inorganic matrix, nanocomposites, which show a steep UV-absorption edge at 400 nm, are fabricated. Our work provides a simple and economical method to evaluate the affinity of biomolecules to inorganic materials and a novel way to fabricate translucent hard composite materials. The fabricated nanocomposite discs show a great UV shielding effect and superior surface hardness compared to polymethyl methacrylate and commercial sunglasses, suggesting their potential as new sunglass materials.
|
|
| 44. |
- Chen, Song, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel Fast-Setting Mineral Trioxide Aggregate : Its Formulation, Chemical-Physical Properties, and Cytocompatibility
- 2018
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 10:24, s. 20334-20341
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the main drawbacks that limits the application of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in dental field is its long setting time. Mineral trioxide aggregate with accelerated setting properties and excellent chemical-physical and biological properties is still required. In this study, an innovative mineral trioxide aggregate, which consists of calcium silicates, calcium aluminates, and zirconium oxide, was designed to obtain fast-setting property. The optimized formulation can achieve initial setting in 10 min and final setting in 15 min, which are much faster than commercial mineral trioxide aggregate. In addition, the optimized fast-setting MTA showed adequate radiopacity and good biocompatibility. The ion concentrations after storage in water for 1 day were 52.3 mg/L Ca, 67.7 mg/L Al, 48.8 mg/L Si, and 11.7 mg/L Mg. The hydration products of hardened cements were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared, showing the accelerated setting time was due to the formation of honeycomb-like calcium silicate hydrate gel. The novel MTA could be a promising material for dental applications.
|
|
| 45. |
- Clark, Andrew G., et al.
(författare)
-
Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 450:7167, s. 203-218
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparative analysis of multiple genomes in a phylogenetic framework dramatically improves the precision and sensitivity of evolutionary inference, producing more robust results than single-genome analyses can provide. The genomes of 12 Drosophila species, ten of which are presented here for the first time (sechellia, simulans, yakuba, erecta, ananassae, persimilis, willistoni, mojavensis, virilis and grimshawi), illustrate how rates and patterns of sequence divergence across taxa can illuminate evolutionary processes on a genomic scale. These genome sequences augment the formidable genetic tools that have made Drosophila melanogaster a pre-eminent model for animal genetics, and will further catalyse fundamental research on mechanisms of development, cell biology, genetics, disease, neurobiology, behaviour, physiology and evolution. Despite remarkable similarities among these Drosophila species, we identified many putatively non-neutral changes in protein-coding genes, non-coding RNA genes, and cis-regulatory regions. These may prove to underlie differences in the ecology and behaviour of these diverse species.
|
|
| 46. |
- Cotter, Chris, et al.
(författare)
-
Piloting a programme tool to evaluate malaria case investigation and reactive case detection activities : results from 3 settings in the Asia Pacific
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Malaria Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2875. ; 16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Case investigation and reactive case detection (RACD) activities are widely-used in low transmission settings to determine the suspected origin of infection and identify and treat malaria infections nearby to the index patient household. Case investigation and RACD activities are time and resource intensive, include methodologies that vary across eliminating settings, and have no standardized metrics or tools available to monitor and evaluate them. Methods: In response to this gap, a simple programme tool was developed for monitoring and evaluating (M&E) RACD activities and piloted by national malaria programmes. During the development phase, four modules of the RACD M&E tool were created to assess and evaluate key case investigation and RACD activities and costs. A pilot phase was then carried out by programme implementers between 2013 and 2015, during which malaria surveillance teams in three different settings (China, Indonesia, Thailand) piloted the tool over a period of 3 months each. This study describes summary results of the pilots and feasibility and impact of the tool on programmes. Results: All three study areas implemented the RACD M&E tool modules, and pilot users reported the tool and evaluation process were helpful to identify gaps in RACD programme activities. In the 45 health facilities evaluated, 71.8% (97/135; min 35.3-max 100.0%) of the proper notification and reporting forms and 20.0% (27/135; min 0.0-max 100.0%) of standard operating procedures (SOPs) were available to support malaria elimination activities. The tool highlighted gaps in reporting key data indicators on the completeness for malaria case reporting (98.8%; min 93.3-max 100.0%), case investigations (65.6%; min 61.8-max 78.4%) and RACD activities (70.0%; min 64.7-max 100.0%). Evaluation of the SOPs showed that knowledge and practices of malaria personnel varied within and between study areas. Average monthly costs for conducting case investigation and RACD activities showed variation between study areas (min USD $844.80-max USD $2038.00) for the malaria personnel, commodities, services and other costs required to carry out the activities. Conclusion: The RACD M&E tool was implemented in the three pilot areas, identifying key gaps that led to impacts on programme decision making. Study findings support the need for routine M&E of malaria case reporting, case investigation and RACD activities. Scale-up of the RACD M&E tool in malaria-eliminating settings will contribute to improved programme performance to the high level that is required to reach elimination.
|
|
| 47. |
- Ding, Haoming, et al.
(författare)
-
Synthesis of MAX phases Nb2CuC and Ti2(Al0.1Cu0.9)N by A-site replacement reaction in molten salts
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Materials Research Letters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2166-3831. ; 7:12, s. 510-516
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New MAX phases Ti2(AlxCu1−x)N and Nb2CuC were synthesized by A-site replacement by reacting Ti2AlN and Nb2AlC, respectively, with CuCl2 or CuI molten salt. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy showed complete A-site replacement in Nb2AlC, which lead to the formation of Nb2CuC. However, the replacement of Al in Ti2AlN phase was only close to complete at Ti2(Al0.1Cu0.9)N. Density-functional theory calculations corroborated the structural stability of Nb2CuC and Ti2CuN phases. Moreover, the calculated cleavage energy in these Cu-containing MAX phases are weaker than in their Al-containing counterparts.The preparation of MAX phases Nb2CuC and Ti2(Al0.1Cu0.9)N were realized by A-site replacement in Ti2AlN and Nb2AlN, respectively.
|
|
| 48. |
- Dong, Zhiyun, et al.
(författare)
-
Silk fibroin hydrogels induced and reinforced by acidic calcium phosphate : A simple way of producing bioactive and drug-loadable composites for biomedical applications
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. - : Elsevier. - 0141-8130 .- 1879-0003. ; 193, s. 433-440
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels have attracted extensive interest in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and wide availability. However, their generally poor mechanical properties limit their utility. Here, injectable, ready-to-use SF-based composites, simultaneously induced and reinforced by acidic calcium phosphates, were prepared via a dual-paste system requiring no complex chemical/physical treatment. The composite was formed by mixing a monocalcium phosphate monohydrate paste with a β-tricalcium phosphate/SF paste. The conformational transition of SF in an acidic environment forms continuous networks, and the acidic calcium phosphate, brushite and monetite, formed simultaneously in the networks during mixing. The composites displayed a partly elastomeric compression behavior, with mechanical properties increasing with an increasing calcium phosphate and β-sheet content at the lower calcium phosphate contents evaluated (22.2–36.4 wt%). While the stiffness was still relatively low, the materials presented a high elasticity and ductility, and no failure at stresses in the range of failure stresses of trabecular bone. Furthermore, the calcium phosphate confers bioactivity to the material, and the composites with a promising in vitro cell response also showed potential as drug vehicles, using vancomycin as a model drug. These dual-paste systems exhibit potential utility in biomedical applications, such as bone void fillers and drug vehicles.
|
|
| 49. |
- Duan, Ningyuan, et al.
(författare)
-
Reduction of NiGe/n- and p-Ge Specific Contact Resistivity by Enhanced Dopant Segregation in the Presence of Carbon During Nickel Germanidation
- 2016
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. - : IEEE. - 0018-9383 .- 1557-9646. ; 63:11, s. 4546-4549
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This brief explores the specific contact resistivity (rho(c)) of NiGe/n- and p-Ge contacts with and without carbon pregermanidation implantation. It is found that in the presence of carbon, not only the thermal stability of NiGe films is improved, but also the rho(c) of the NiGe/n- and p-Ge contacts is reduced remarkably due to enhanced phosphorus (P) and boron (B) dopant segregation (DS) at the NiGe/Ge interface after nickel germanidation. At 500 degrees C germanidation temperature, the.c values are reduced from 1.1 x 10(-4) Omega-cm(2) and 2.9 x 10(-5) Omega-cm(2) for NiGe/n- and p-Ge contacts without carbon to 7.3 x 10(-5) Omega-cm(2) and 1.4 x 10(-5) Omega-cm(2) for their counterparts with carbon, respectively.
|
|
| 50. |
- Feng, Yue Hua, et al.
(författare)
-
Increased apolipoprotein M induced by lack of scavenger receptor BI is not activated via HDL-mediated cholesterol uptake in hepatocytes
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Lipids in Health and Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-511X. ; 17:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) is a classic high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor, which mediates selective lipid uptake from HDL cholesterol esters (HDL-C). Apolipoprotein M (ApoM), as a component of HDL particles, could influence preβ-HDL formation and cholesterol efflux. The aim of this study was to determine whether SR-BI deficiency influenced the expression of ApoM. Methods: Blood samples and liver tissues were collected from SR-BI gene knockout mice, and serum lipid parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C) and ApoM were measured. Hepatic ApoM and ApoAI mRNA levels were also determined. In addition, BLT-1, an inhibitor of SR-BI, was added to HepG2 cells cultured with cholesterol and HDL, under serum or serum-free conditions. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ApoM were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Results: We found that increased serum ApoM protein levels corresponded with high hepatic ApoM mRNA levels in both male and female SR-BI-/- mice. Besides, serum TC and HDL-C were also significantly increased. Treatment of HepG2 hepatoma cells with SR-BI specific inhibitor, BLT-1, could up-regulate ApoM expression in serum-containing medium but not in serum-free medium, even in the presence of HDL-C and cholesterol. Conclusions: Results suggested that SR-BI deficiency promoted ApoM expression, but the increased ApoM might be independent from HDL-mediated cholesterol uptake in hepatocytes.
|
|
