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Sökning: WFRF:(Lutter R)

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1.
  • Abgrall, N., et al. (författare)
  • The large enriched germanium experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay (LEGEND)
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : Author(s). - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1894
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) would show that lepton number is violated, reveal that neu-trinos are Majorana particles, and provide information on neutrino mass. A discovery-capable experiment covering the inverted ordering region, with effective Majorana neutrino masses of 15 - 50 meV, will require a tonne-scale experiment with excellent energy resolution and extremely low backgrounds, at the level of ∼0.1 count /(FWHM·t·yr) in the region of the signal. The current generation 76Ge experiments GERDA and the Majorana Demonstrator, utilizing high purity Germanium detectors with an intrinsic energy resolution of 0.12%, have achieved the lowest backgrounds by over an order of magnitude in the 0νββ signal region of all 0νββ experiments. Building on this success, the LEGEND collaboration has been formed to pursue a tonne-scale 76Ge experiment. The collaboration aims to develop a phased 0νββ experimental program with discovery potential at a half-life approaching or at 1028 years, using existing resources as appropriate to expedite physics results.
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4.
  • Östling, Jörgen, et al. (författare)
  • IL-17-high asthma with features of a psoriasis immunophenotype
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 144:5, s. 1198-1213
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The role of IL-17 immunity is well established in patients with inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, but not in asthmatic patients, in whom further study is required.Objective: We sought to undertake a deep phenotyping study of asthmatic patients with upregulated IL-17 immunity.Methods: Whole-genome transcriptomic analysis was performed by using epithelial brushings, bronchial biopsy specimens (91 asthmatic patients and 46 healthy control subjects), and whole blood samples (n = 498) from the Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) cohort. Gene signatures induced in vitro by IL-17 and IL-13 in bronchial epithelial cells were used to identify patients with IL-17–high and IL-13–high asthma phenotypes.Results: Twenty-two of 91 patients were identified with IL-17, and 9 patients were identified with IL-13 gene signatures. The patients with IL-17–high asthma were characterized by risk of frequent exacerbations, airway (sputum and mucosal) neutrophilia, decreased lung microbiota diversity, and urinary biomarker evidence of activation of the thromboxane B2 pathway. In pathway analysis the differentially expressed genes in patients with IL-17-high asthma were shared with those reported as altered in psoriasis lesions and included genes regulating epithelial barrier function and defense mechanisms, such as IL1B, IL6, IL8, and β-defensin.Conclusion: The IL-17–high asthma phenotype, characterized by bronchial epithelial dysfunction and upregulated antimicrobial and inflammatory response, resembles the immunophenotype of psoriasis, including activation of the thromboxane B2 pathway, which should be considered a biomarker for this phenotype in further studies, including clinical trials targeting IL-17.
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5.
  • Bree, N, et al. (författare)
  • Shape Coexistence in the Neutron-Deficient Even-Even Hg182-188 Isotopes Studied via Coulomb Excitation.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 112:16
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Coulomb-excitation experiments to study electromagnetic properties of radioactive even-even Hg isotopes were performed with 2.85 MeV/nucleon mercury beams from REX-ISOLDE. Magnitudes and relative signs of the reduced E2 matrix elements that couple the ground state and low-lying excited states in Hg182-188 were extracted. Information on the deformation of the ground and the first excited 0+ states was deduced using the quadrupole sum rules approach. Results show that the ground state is slightly deformed and of oblate nature, while a larger deformation for the excited 0+ state was noted in Hg182,184. The results are compared to beyond mean field and interacting-boson based models and interpreted within a two-state mixing model. Partial agreement with the model calculations was obtained. The presence of two different structures in the light even-mass mercury isotopes that coexist at low excitation energy is firmly established.
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6.
  • Wrzosek-Lipska, K., et al. (författare)
  • Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes : Coulomb excitation of 182Hg, 184Hg, 186Hg and 188Hg
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 55:8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The neutron-deficient mercury isotopes serve as a classical example of shape coexistence, whereby at low energy near-degenerate nuclear states characterized by different shapes appear. The electromagnetic structure of even-mass 182-188 Hg isotopes was studied using safe-energy Coulomb excitation of neutron-deficient mercury beams delivered by the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. The population of 01,2+, 21,2+ and 41+ states was observed in all nuclei under study. Reduced E2 matrix elements coupling populated yrast and non-yrast states were extracted, including their relative signs. These are a sensitive probe of shape coexistence and may be used to validate nuclear models. The experimental results are discussed in terms of mixing of two different configurations and are compared with three different model calculations: the Beyond Mean Field model, the Interacting Boson Model with configuration mixing and the General Bohr Hamiltonian. Partial agreement with experiment was observed, hinting to missing ingredients in the theoretical descriptions.
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7.
  • Kröll, T., et al. (författare)
  • Transfer Reactions on Neutron-rich Nuclei at REX-ISOLDE
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1165, s. 363-368 461
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report on one- and two-neutron transfer reactions to study the single-particle properties of nuclei at the border of the "island of inversion". The (d,p)- and (t,p)-reactions in inverse kinematics on the neutron-rich isotope Mg-30, delivered as radioactive beam by the REX-ISOLDE facility, have been investigated. The outgoing protons have been detected and identified by a newly built array of Si detectors. The gamma-decay of excited states has been detected in coincidence by the MINIBALL array. First results for Mg-31 and from the search for the second, spherical, 0(+) state in Mg-32 are presented.
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8.
  • Bauer, C., et al. (författare)
  • Prolate shape of Ba-140 from a first combined Doppler-shift and Coulomb-excitation measurement at the REX-ISOLDE facility
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 86:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Quadrupole moments of excited nuclear states are important observables for geometrically interpreting nuclear structure in terms of deformed shapes, although data are scarce and sometimes ambiguous, in particular, in neutron-rich nuclides. Purpose: A measurement was performed for determining the spectroscopic quadrupole moment of the 2(1)(+) state of Ba-140 in order to clarify the character of quadrupole deformation (prolate or oblate) of the state in its yrast sequence of levels. Method: We have utilized a new combined technique of lifetime measurement at REX-ISOLDE and MINIBALL using the Doppler-shift attenuation method (DSAM) and a reorientation analysis of Coulomb-excitation yields. Results: On the basis of the new lifetime of tau(2(1)(+)) = 10.4(-0.8)(+2.2) ps the electric quadrupole moment was determined to be Q(2(1)(+)) = -0.52(34) eb, indicating a predominant prolate deformation. Conclusions: This finding is in agreement with beyond-mean-field calculations using the Gogny D1S force and with results from the Monte Carlo shell-model approach.
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9.
  • Niedermaier, O., et al. (författare)
  • "Safe" Coulomb excitation of Mg-30
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 94:17, s. 172501 (artno)-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report on the first radioactive beam experiment performed at the recently commissioned REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN in conjunction with the highly efficient γ spectrometer MINIBALL. Using Mg-30 ions accelerated to an energy of 2.25 MeV/u together with a thin Ni-nat target, Coulomb excitation of the first excited 2(+) states of the projectile and target nuclei well below the Coulomb barrier was observed. From the measured relative deexcitation γ-ray yields the B(E2;0(gs)(+)→ 2(1)(+)) value of Mg-30 was determined to be 241(31)e(2) fm(4). Our result is lower than values obtained at projectile fragmentation facilities using the intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation method, and confirms the theoretical conjecture that the neutron-rich magnesium isotope Mg-30 resides outside the "island of inversion."
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10.
  • Niedermaier, O., et al. (författare)
  • The neutron-rich Mg isotopes: first results from MINIBALL at REX-ISOLDE
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 752, s. 273-273
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report on the first radioactive beam experiment performed at the recently commissioned REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN in conjunction with the highly efficient γ spectrometer MINIBALL. Using Mg-30 ions accelerated to an energy of 2.25 MeV/u together with a thin Ni-nat target, Coulomb excitation of the first excited 2(+) states of the projectile and target nuclei well below the Coulomb barrier was observed. From the measured relative deexcitation γ-ray yields the B(E2;0(gs)(+)→ 2(1)(+)) value of Mg-30 was determined to be 241(31)e(2) fm(4). Our result is lower than values obtained at projectile fragmentation facilities using the intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation method, and confirms the theoretical conjecture that the neutron-rich magnesium isotope Mg-30 resides outside the "island of inversion."
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11.
  • Scheit, H., et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich beams at REX-ISOLDE
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-601X .- 1434-6001. ; 25:Suppl. 1, s. 397-402
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • After the successful commissioning of the radioactive beam experiment at ISOLDE (REX-ISOLDE) - an accelerator for exotic nuclei produced by ISOLDE - in 2002 and the promotion to a CERN user facility in 2003, first physics experiments using these beams were performed. Initial experiments focused on the region of deformation in the vicinity of the neutron-rich Na and Mg isotopes. Preliminary results on the neutron-rich Na and Mg isotopes show the high potential and physics opportunities offered by the exotic isotope accelerator REX in conjunction with the modern Germanium gamma spectrometer MINIBALL.
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12.
  • Schwerdtfeger, W, et al. (författare)
  • Shape Coexistence Near Neutron Number N=20 : First Identification of the E0 Decay from the Deformed First Excited J(pi)=0(+) State in Mg-30
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 103:1, s. 012501-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The 1789 keV state in Mg-30 was identified as the first excited 0(+) state via its electric monopole (E0) transition to the ground state. The measured small value of rho(2)(E0,0(2)(+)-> 0(1)(+))=(26.2 +/- 7.5)x10(-3) implies within a two-level model a small mixing of competing configurations with largely different intrinsic quadrupole deformation near the neutron shell closure at N=20. Axially symmetric configuration mixing calculations identify the ground state of Mg-30 to be based on neutron configurations below the N=20 shell closure, while the excited 0(+) state mainly consists of two neutrons excited into the nu 1f(7/2) orbital. The experimental result represents the first case where an E0 back decay from a strongly deformed second to the normal deformed first nuclear potential minimum well has been unambiguously identified, thus directly proving shape coexistence at the borderline of the much-debated "island of inversion."
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13.
  • Warr, N., et al. (författare)
  • The Miniball spectrometer
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 49:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Miniball germanium detector array has been operational at the REX (Radioactive ion beam EXperiment) post accelerator at the Isotope Separator On-Line facility ISOLDE at CERN since 2001. During the last decade, a series of successful Coulomb excitation and transfer reaction studies have been performed with this array, utilizing the unique and high-quality radioactive ion beams which are available at ISOLDE. In this article, an overview is given of the technical details of the full Miniball setup, including a description of the.-ray and particle detectors, beam monitoring devices and methods to deal with beam contamination. The specific timing properties of the REX-ISOLDE facility are highlighted to indicate the sensitivity that can be achieved with the full Miniball setup. The article is finalized with a summary of some physics highlights at REX-ISOLDE and the utilization of the Miniball germanium detectors at other facilities.
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14.
  • de Walle, J. V., et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of the N=50 nucleus Zn-80
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1012, s. 291-295 453
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Neutron rich Zinc isotopes, including the N=50 nucleus Zn-80, were produced and post-accelerated at the Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) facility REX-ISOLDE (CERN). Low-energy Coulomb excitation was induced on these isotopes after post-acceleration, yielding B(E2) strengths to the first excited 2(+) states. For the first time, an excited state in Zn-80 was observed and the 2(1)(+) state in Zn-78 was established. The measured B(E2,2(1)(+) -> 0(1)(+)) values are compared to two sets of large scale shell model calculations. Both calculations reproduce the observed B(E2) systematics for the full Zinc isotopic chain. The results for N=50 isotones indicate a good N=50 shell closure and a strong Z=28 proton core polarization. The new results serve as benchmarks to establish theoretical models, predicting the nuclear properties of the doubly magic nucleus Ni-78.
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15.
  • Ilieva, S., et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich Cd isotopes
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 89:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The isotopes (122),(124),Cd-126 were studied in a "safe" Coulomb-excitation experiment at the radioactive ion-beam facility REX-ISOLDE at CERN. The reduced transition probabilities B(E2; 0(g. s)(vertical bar) -> 2(1)(+)) and limits for the quadrupole moments of the first 2(+) excited states in the three isotopes were determined. The onset of collectivity in the vicinity of the Z = 50 and N = 82 shell closures is discussed by comparison with shell model and beyond mean-field calculations.
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16.
  • Seidlitz, M., et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of Na-29,Na-30: Mapping the borders of the island of inversion
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 89:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Nuclear shell evolution in neutron-rich Na nuclei around N = 20 was studied by determining reduced transition probabilities, i.e., B(E2) and B(M1) values, in order to map the border of the island of inversion. To this end Coulomb-excitation experiments, employing radioactive Na-29,Na-30 beams with a final beam energy of 2.85 MeV/nucleon, were performed at REX-ISOLDE, CERN. De-excitation gamma rays were detected by the MINIBALL gamma-ray spectrometer in coincidence with scattered particles in a segmented Si detector. Transition probabilities to excited states were deduced. The measured B(E2) values agree well with shell-model predictions, supporting the idea that in the Na isotopic chain the ground-state wave function contains significant intruder admixture already at N = 18, with N = 19 having an almost pure two-particle-two-hole deformed ground-state configuration.
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19.
  • Tariq, K., et al. (författare)
  • Sputum proteomic signature of gastro-oesophageal reflux in patients with severe asthma
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 150, s. 66-73
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) has long been associated with poor asthma control without an established cause-effect relationship. 610 asthmatics (421 severe/88 mild-moderate) and 101 healthy controls were assessed clinically and a subset of 154 severe asthmatics underwent proteomic analysis of induced sputum using untargeted mass spectrometry, LC-IMS-MSE. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses (MLR) were conducted to identify proteins associated with GORD in this cohort. When compared to mild/moderate asthmatics and healthy individuals, respectively, GORD was three-and ten-fold more prevalent in severe asthmatics and was associated with increased asthma symptoms and oral corticosteroid use, poorer quality of life, depression/anxiety, obesity and symptoms of sino-nasal disease. Comparison of sputum proteomes in severe asthmatics with and without active GORD showed five differentially abundant proteins with described roles in antimicrobial defences, systemic inflammation and epithelial integrity. Three of these were associated with active GORD by multiple linear regression analysis: Ig lambda variable 1-47 (p = 0.017) and plasma protease C1 inhibitor (p = 0.043), both in lower concentrations, and lipocalin-1 (p = 0.034) in higher concentrations in active GORD. This study provides evidence which suggests that reflux can cause subtle perturbation of proteins detectable in the airways lining fluid and that severe asthmatics with GORD may represent a distinct phenotype of asthma.
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20.
  • Van de Walle, J., et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich Zn isotopes: First observation of the 2(1)(+) state in Zn-80
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 99:14
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Neutron-rich, radioactive Zn isotopes were investigated at the Radioactive Ion Beam facility REX-ISOLDE (CERN) using low-energy Coulomb excitation. The energy of the 2(1)(+) state in Zn-78 could be firmly established and for the first time the 2(+)-> 0(1)(+) transition in Zn-80 was observed at 1492(1) keV. B(E2,2(1)(+)-> 0(1)(+)) values were extracted for Zn-74,Zn-76,Zn-78,Zn-80 and compared to large scale shell model calculations. With only two protons outside the Z=28 proton core, Zn-80 is the lightest N=50 isotone for which spectroscopic information has been obtained to date. Two sets of advanced shell model calculations reproduce the observed B(E2) systematics. The results for N=50 isotones indicate a good N=50 shell closure and a strong Z=28 proton core polarization. The new results serve as benchmarks to establish theoretical models, predicting the nuclear properties of the doubly magic nucleus Ni-78.
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21.
  • Van de Walle, J., et al. (författare)
  • Low-energy Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich zinc isotopes
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 79:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • At the radioactive ion beam facility REX-ISOLDE, neutron-rich zinc isotopes were investigated using low-energy Coulomb excitation. These experiments have resulted in B(E2, 2(1)(+)-> 0(1)(+)) values in Zn74-80, B(E2, 4(1)(+)-> 2(1)(+)) values in Zn-74,Zn-76 and the determination of the energy of the first excited 2(1)(+) states in Zn-78,Zn-80. The zinc isotopes were produced by high-energy proton- (A = 74, 76, 80) and neutron-(A = 78) induced fission of U-238, combined with selective laser ionization and mass separation. The isobaric beam was postaccelerated by the REX linear accelerator and Coulomb excitation was induced on a thin secondary target, which was surrounded by the MINIBALL germanium detector array. In this work, it is shown how the selective laser ionization can be used to deal with the considerable isobaric beam contamination and how a reliable normalization of the experiment can be achieved. The results for zinc isotopes and the N = 50 isotones are compared to collective model predictions and state-of-the-art large-scale shell-model calculations, including a recent empirical residual interaction constructed to describe the present experimental data up to 2004 in this region of the nuclear chart.
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22.
  • Walle, J. Van de, et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb Excitation of Neutron-Rich Zn Isotopes: First Observation of the 2[sub 1][sup +] State in [sup 80]Zn
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. ; 99:14, s. 142501-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Neutron-rich, radioactive Zn isotopes were investigated at the Radioactive Ion Beam facility REX-ISOLDE (CERN) using low-energy Coulomb excitation. The energy of the 21+ state in 78Zn could be firmly established and for the first time the 2+-->01+ transition in 80Zn was observed at 1492(1) keV. B(E2,21+-->01+) values were extracted for 74,76,78,80Zn and compared to large scale shell model calculations. With only two protons outside the Z=28 proton core, 80Zn is the lightest N=50 isotone for which spectroscopic information has been obtained to date. Two sets of advanced shell model calculations reproduce the observed B(E2) systematics. The results for N=50 isotones indicate a good N=50 shell closure and a strong Z=28 proton core polarization. The new results serve as benchmarks to establish theoretical models, predicting the nuclear properties of the doubly magic nucleus 78Ni.
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23.
  • Kester, O., et al. (författare)
  • Accelerated radioactive beams from REX-ISOLDE
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - 0168-583X. ; 204, s. 20-20
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In 2001 the linear accelerator of the Radioactive beam EXperiment (REX-ISOLDE) delivered for the first time accelerated radioactive ion beams, at a beam energy of 2 MeV/u. REX-ISOLDE uses the method of charge-state breeding, in order to enhance the charge state of the ions before injection into the LINAC. Radioactive singly-charged ions from the on-line mass separator ISOLDE are first accumulated in a Penning trap, then charge bred to an A/q
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24.
  • Kroell, Th., et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich (138,140,142) Xe at REX-ISOLDE
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: The European Physical Journal. Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6355 .- 1951-6401. ; 150, s. 127-129
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report on "safe" Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich (138,140,142) Xe nuclei. The radioactive nuclei have been produced by ISOLDE at CERN and post-accelerated by the REX-ISOLDE facility. The gamma-rays emitted by the decay of excited states have been detected by the MINIBALL array. Recent results are presented.
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25.
  • Kröll, Th, et al. (författare)
  • Quadrupole Collectivity of neutron-rich nuclei around 132Sn
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics, and Reactions, FINUSTAR 2007. - : AIP. - 9780735405325 ; 1012, s. 296-299
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report on the "safe" Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich Cd, Xe, and Ba isotopes in the vicinity of the doubly-magic nucleus 132Sn. The radioactive nuclei have been produced by ISOLDE at CERN and postaccelerated by the REX-ISOLDE facility. The γ-decay of excited states has been detected by the MINIBALL array. The presented preliminary results for the B(E2) values are consistent with expectations from phenomenological systematics and will be compared with theoretical calculations.
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26.
  • Seidlitz, M., et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of Mg-31
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 700:3-4, s. 181-186
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The ground state properties of Mg-31 indicate a change of nuclear shape at N = 19 with a deformed J(pi) = 1/2(+) intruder state as a ground state, implying that Mg-31 is part of the "island of inversion". The collective properties of excited states were the subject of a Coulomb excitation experiment at REX-ISOLDE, CERN, employing a radioactive Mg-31 beam. De-excitation gamma-rays were detected by the MINIBALL gamma-spectrometer in coincidence with scattered particles in a segmented Si-detector. The level scheme of Mg-3I was extended. Spin and parity assignment of the 945 keV state yielded 5/2(+) and its de-excitation is dominated by a strong collective M1 transition. Comparison of the transition probabilities of Mg-30,Mg-31,Mg-32 establishes that for the N = 19 magnesium isotope not only the ground state but also excited states are largely dominated by a deformed pf intruder configuration. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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27.
  • Burg, Dominic, et al. (författare)
  • Large-Scale Label-Free Quantitative Mapping of the Sputum Proteome
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Proteome Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1535-3893 .- 1535-3907. ; 17:6, s. 2072-2091
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Analysis of induced sputum supematant is a minimally invasive approach to study the epithelial lining fluid and, thereby, provide insight into normal lung biology and the pathobiology of lung diseases. We present here a novel proteomics approach to sputum analysis developed within the U-BIOPRED (unbiased biomarkers predictive of respiratory disease outcomes) international project. We present practical and analytical techniques to optimize the detection of robust biomarkers in proteomic studies. The normal sputum proteome was derived using data-independent HDMSE applied to 40 healthy nonsmoking participants, which provides an essential baseline from which to compare modulation of protein expression in respiratory diseases. The "core" sputum proteome (proteins detected in >= 40% of participants) was composed of 284 proteins, and the extended proteome (proteins detected in >= 3 participants) contained 1666 proteins. Quality control procedures were developed to optimize the accuracy and consistency of measurement of sputum proteins and analyze the distribution of sputum proteins in the healthy population. The analysis showed that quantitation of proteins by HDMSE is influenced by several factors, with some proteins being measured in all participants' samples and with low measurement variance between samples from the same patient. The measurement of some proteins is highly variable between repeat analyses, susceptible to sample processing effects, or difficult to accurately quantify by mass spectrometry. Other proteins show high interindividual variance. We also highlight that the sputum proteome of healthy individuals is related to sputum neutrophil levels, but not gender or allergic sensitization. We illustrate the importance of design and interpretation of disease biomarker studies considering such protein population and technical measurement variance.
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28.
  • Clément, E., et al. (författare)
  • Low-energy Coulomb excitation of Sr 96,98 beams
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813. ; 94:5, s. 054326-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The structure of neutron-rich Sr96,98 nuclei was investigated by low-energy safe Coulomb excitation of radioactive beams at the REX-ISOLDE facility, CERN, with the MINIBALL spectrometer. A rich set of transitional and diagonal E2 matrix elements, including those for non-yrast structures, has been extracted from the differential Coulomb-excitation cross sections. The results support the scenario of a shape transition at N=60, giving rise to the coexistence of a highly deformed prolate and a spherical configuration in Sr98, and are compared to predictions from several theoretical calculations. The experimental data suggest a significant contribution of the triaxal degree of freedom in the ground state of both isotopes. In addition, experimental information on low-lying states in Rb98 has been obtained.
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29.
  • Clément, E, et al. (författare)
  • Spectroscopic Quadrupole Moments in ^{96,98}Sr: Evidence for Shape Coexistence in Neutron-Rich Strontium Isotopes at N=60.
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 116:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Neutron-rich ^{96,98}Sr isotopes have been investigated by safe Coulomb excitation of radioactive beams at the REX-ISOLDE facility. Reduced transition probabilities and spectroscopic quadrupole moments have been extracted from the differential Coulomb excitation cross sections. These results allow, for the first time, the drawing of definite conclusions about the shape coexistence of highly deformed prolate and spherical configurations. In particular, a very small mixing between the coexisting states is observed, contrary to other mass regions where strong mixing is present. Experimental results have been compared to beyond-mean-field calculations using the Gogny D1S interaction in a five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian formalism, which reproduce the shape change at N=60.
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30.
  • DiJulio, Douglas, et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of In-107
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 87:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The radioactive isotope In-107 was studied using sub-barrier Coulomb excitation at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. Two gamma rays were observed during the experiment, corresponding to the low-lying 11/2(+) and 3/2(-)states. The reduced transition probability of the 11/2(+) state was determined with the semiclassical Coulomb excitation code GOSIA2. The result is discussed in comparison to large-scale shell-model calculations, previous unified-model calculations, and earlier Coulomb excitation measurements in the odd-mass In isotopes. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.017301
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31.
  • DiJulio, Douglas, et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of Sn-107
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 48:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The radioactive isotope Sn-107 was studied using Coulomb excitation at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. This is the lightest odd-Sn nucleus examined using this technique. The reduced transition probability of the lowest-lying 3/2(+) state was measured and is compared to shell-model predictions based on several sets of single-neutron energies relative to Sn-100. Similar to the transition probabilities for the 2(+) states in the neutron-deficient even-even Sn nuclei, the measured value is underestimated by shell-model calculations. Part of the strength may be recovered by considering the ordering of the d(5/2) and g(7/2) single-neutron states.
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32.
  • DiJulio, Douglas, et al. (författare)
  • Excitation strengths in Sn-109: Single-neutron and collective excitations near Sn-100
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 86:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A set of B(E2) values for the low-lying excited states in the radioactive isotope Sn-109 were deduced from a Coulomb excitation experiment. The 2.87-MeV/u radioactive beam was produced at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN and was incident on a secondary Ni-58 target. The B(E2) values were determined using the known 2(+) -> 0(+) reduced transition probability in Ni-58 as normalization with the semiclassical Coulomb excitation code GOSIA2. The transition probabilities are compared to shell-model calculations based on a realistic nucleon-nucleon interaction and the predictions of a simple core-excitation model. This measurement represents the first determination of multiple B(E2) values in a light Sn nucleus using the Coulomb excitation technique with low-energy radioactive beams. The results provide constraints for the single-neutron states relative to Sn-100 and also indicate the importance of both single-neutron and collective excitations in the light Sn isotopes.
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33.
  • Gaffney, L. P., et al. (författare)
  • Low-energy Coulomb excitation of 62Fe and 62Mn following in-beam decay of 62Mn
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 51:10, s. 1-9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sub-barrier Coulomb excitation was performed on a mixed beam of 62Mn and 62Fe, following in-trap β− decay of 62Mn at REX-ISOLDE, CERN. The trapping and charge breeding times were varied in order to alter the composition of the beam, which was measured by means of an ionisation chamber at the zero-angle position of the Miniball array. A new transition was observed at 418 keV, which has been tentatively associated to a (2+,3+)→ 1g.s. + transition. This fixes the relative positions of the β-decaying 4+ and 1+ states in 62Mn for the first time. Population of the 21 + state was observed in 62Fe and the cross-section determined by normalisation to the 109Ag target excitation, confirming the B(E2) value measured in recoil-distance lifetime experiments.
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34.
  • Hauke, DJ, et al. (författare)
  • Multimodal prognosis of negative symptom severity in individuals at increased risk of developing psychosis
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 11:1, s. 312-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Negative symptoms occur frequently in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and contribute to functional impairments. The aim of this study was to predict negative symptom severity in CHR after 9 months. Predictive models either included baseline negative symptoms measured with the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS-N), whole-brain gyrification, or both to forecast negative symptoms of at least moderate severity in 94 CHR. We also conducted sequential risk stratification to stratify CHR into different risk groups based on the SIPS-N and gyrification model. Additionally, we assessed the models’ ability to predict functional outcomes in CHR and their transdiagnostic generalizability to predict negative symptoms in 96 patients with recent-onset psychosis (ROP) and 97 patients with recent-onset depression (ROD). Baseline SIPS-N and gyrification predicted moderate/severe negative symptoms with significant balanced accuracies of 68 and 62%, while the combined model achieved 73% accuracy. Sequential risk stratification stratified CHR into a high (83%), medium (40–64%), and low (19%) risk group regarding their risk of having moderate/severe negative symptoms at 9 months follow-up. The baseline SIPS-N model was also able to predict social (61%), but not role functioning (59%) at above-chance accuracies, whereas the gyrification model achieved significant accuracies in predicting both social (76%) and role (74%) functioning in CHR. Finally, only the baseline SIPS-N model showed transdiagnostic generalization to ROP (63%). This study delivers a multimodal prognostic model to identify those CHR with a clinically relevant negative symptom severity and functional impairments, potentially requiring further therapeutic consideration.
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35.
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36.
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37.
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38.
  • Kesteloot, N., et al. (författare)
  • Deformation and mixing of coexisting shapes in neutron-deficient polonium isotopes
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 92:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Coulomb-excitation experiments are performed with postaccelerated beams of neutron-deficient Po-196,Po-198,Po-200,Po-202 isotopes at the REX-ISOLDE facility. A set of matrix elements, coupling the low-lying states in these isotopes, is extracted. In the two heaviest isotopes, Po-196,Po-198, the transitional and diagonal matrix elements of the 2(1)(+) state are determined. In Po-196,Po-198 multistep Coulomb excitation is observed, populating the 4(1)(+), 0(2)(+), and 2(2)(+) states. The experimental results are compared to the results from the measurement of mean-square charge radii in polonium isotopes, confirming the onset of deformation from Po-196 onwards. Three model descriptions are used to compare to the data. Calculations with the beyond-mean-field model, the interacting boson model, and the general Bohr Hamiltonian model show partial agreement with the experimental data. Finally, calculations with a phenomenological two-level mixing model hint at the mixing of a spherical structure with a weakly deformed rotational structure.
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39.
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40.
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41.
  • Takahashi, K, et al. (författare)
  • Sputum proteomics and airway cell transcripts of current and ex-smokers with severe asthma in U-BIOPRED: an exploratory analysis
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 51:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Severe asthma patients with a significant smoking history have airflow obstruction with reported neutrophilia. We hypothesise that multi-omic analysis will enable the definition of smoking and ex-smoking severe asthma molecular phenotypes.The U-BIOPRED cohort of severe asthma patients, containing current-smokers (CSA), ex-smokers (ESA), nonsmokers and healthy nonsmokers was examined. Blood and sputum cell counts, fractional exhaled nitric oxide and spirometry were obtained. Exploratory proteomic analysis of sputum supernatants and transcriptomic analysis of bronchial brushings, biopsies and sputum cells was performed.Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)2 protein levels were increased in CSA sputum supernatants, with azurocidin 1, neutrophil elastase and CXCL8 upregulated in ESA. Phagocytosis and innate immune pathways were associated with neutrophilic inflammation in ESA. Gene set variation analysis of bronchial epithelial cell transcriptome from CSA showed enrichment of xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress compared to other groups. CXCL5 and matrix metallopeptidase 12 genes were upregulated in ESA and the epithelial protective genes, mucin 2 and cystatin SN, were downregulated.Despite little difference in clinical characteristics, CSA were distinguishable from ESA subjects at the sputum proteomic level, with CSA patients having increased CSF2 expression and ESA patients showing sustained loss of epithelial barrier processes.
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42.
  • Wimmer, K., et al. (författare)
  • Identification of the slow E3 transition (136)C(s)(m)->(136)Cs with conversion electrons
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 84:1, s. 014329-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We performed at ISOLDE the spectroscopy of the decay of the 8(-) isomer in (136)Cs by. and conversion-electron detection. For the first time the excitation energy of the isomer and the multipolarity of its decay have been measured. The half-life of the isomeric state was remeasured to T(1/2) = 17.5(2) s. This isomer decays via a very slow 518-keV E3 transition to the ground state. In addition to this, a much weaker decay branch via a 413-keV M4 and a subsequent 105-keV E2 transition has been found. Thus we have found a new level at 105 keV with spin 4(+) between the isomeric and the ground state. The results are discussed in comparison to shell-model calculations.
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43.
  • Abdel-Aziz, Mahmoud I., et al. (författare)
  • A multi-omics approach to delineate sputum microbiome-associated asthma inflammatory phenotypes
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 59:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A multi-omics approach revealed the underlying biological pathways in the microbiome-driven severe asthma phenotypes. This may help to elucidate new leads for treatment development, particularly for the therapeutically challenging neutrophilic asthma.
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44.
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45.
  • Emma, Rosalia, et al. (författare)
  • Enhanced oxidative stress in smoking and ex-smoking severe asthma in the U-BIOPRED cohort
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library Science. - 1932-6203. ; 13:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Oxidative stress is believed to be a major driver of inflammation in smoking asthmatics. The U-BIOPRED project recruited a cohort of Severe Asthma smokers/ex-smokers (SAs/ex) and non-smokers (SAn) with extensive clinical and biomarker information enabling characterization of these subjects. We investigated oxidative stress in severe asthma subjects by analysing urinary 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha) and the mRNA-expression of the main pro-oxidant (NOX2; NOSs) and anti-oxidant (SODs; CAT; GPX1) enzymes in the airways of SAs/ex and SAn. All the severe asthma U-BIOPRED subjects were further divided into current smokers with severe asthma (CSA), ex-smokers with severe asthma (ESA) and non-smokers with severe asthma (NSA) to deepen the effect of active smoking. Clinical data, urine and sputum were obtained from severe asthma subjects. A bronchoscopy to obtain bronchial biopsy and brushing was performed in a subset of subjects. The main clinical data were analysed for each subset of subjects (urine-8-iso-PGF(2 alpha); IS-transcriptomics; BB-transcriptomics; BBrtranscriptomics). Urinary 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha) was quantified using mass spectrometry. Sputum, bronchial biopsy and bronchial brushing were processed for mRNA expression microarray analysis. Urinary 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha) was increased in SAs/ex, median (IQR) = 31.7 (24.5 +/- 44.7) ng/mmol creatinine, compared to SAn, median (IQR) = 26.6 (19.6 +/- 36.6) ng/mmol creatinine (p< 0.001), and in CSA, median (IQR) = 34.25 (24.4 +/- 47.7), vs. ESA, median (IQR) = 29.4 (22.3 +/- 40.5), and NSA, median (IQR) = 26.5 (19.6 +/- 16.6) ng/mmol creatinine (p = 0.004). Sputum mRNA expression of NOX2 was increased in SAs/ex compared to SAn (probe sets 203922_PM_s_at fold-change = 1.05 p = 0.006; 203923_PM_s_at fold-change = 1.06, p = 0.003; 233538_PM_s_at fold-change = 1.06, p = 0.014). The mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes were similar between the two severe asthma cohorts in all airway samples. NOS2 mRNA expression was decreased in bronchial brushing of SAs/ex compared to SAn (fold-change = -1.10; p = 0.029). NOS2 mRNA expression in bronchial brushing correlated with FeNO (Kendal's Tau = 0.535; p< 0.001). From clinical and inflammatory analysis, FeNO was lower in CSA than in ESA in all the analysed subject subsets (p< 0.01) indicating an effect of active smoking. Results about FeNO suggest its clinical limitation, as inflammation biomarker, in severe asthma active smokers. These data provide evidence of greater systemic oxidative stress in severe asthma smokers as reflected by a significant changes of NOX2 mRNA expression in the airways, together with elevated urinary 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha) in the smokers/ex-smokers group.
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46.
  • Gaffney, L. P., et al. (författare)
  • Studies of pear-shaped nuclei using accelerated radioactive beams
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 497:7448, s. 199-204
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is strong circumstantial evidence that certain heavy, unstable atomic nuclei are 'octupole deformed', that is, distorted into a pear shape. This contrasts with the more prevalent rugby-ball shape of nuclei with reflection-symmetric, quadrupole deformations. The elusive octupole deformed nuclei are of importance for nuclear structure theory, and also in searches for physics beyond the standard model; any measurable electric-dipole moment (a signature of the latter) is expected to be amplified in such nuclei. Here we determine electric octupole transition strengths (a direct measure of octupole correlations) for short-lived isotopes of radon and radium. Coulomb excitation experiments were performed using accelerated beams of heavy, radioactive ions. Our data on Rn-220 and Ra-224 show clear evidence for stronger octupole deformation in the latter. The results enable discrimination between differing theoretical approaches to octupole correlations, and help to constrain suitable candidates for experimental studies of atomic electric-dipole moments that might reveal extensions to the standard model.
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47.
  • Illana, A., et al. (författare)
  • Coulomb excitation of 74,76Zn
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Physical Review C. - 2469-9985. ; 108:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The first experiment using radioactive beams post-accelerated by the HIE-ISOLDE facility has enabled to obtain a precise set of B(E2) transition probabilities in neutron-rich 74,76Zn isotopes. The resulting B(E2; 2+1→0+1) values are consistent with those determined in earlier REX-ISOLDE measurements. While the B(E2; 4+1→2+1) transition probability in 76Zn is also in agreement with earlier Coulomb-excitation results, the value obtained for 74Zn is considerably lower. For the first time, a spectroscopic quadrupole moment of the 2+1 state was measured for an exotic nucleus in this mass region. A detailed comparison is presented with large-scale shell-model and Monte Carlo shell-model calculations.
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48.
  • Lefaudeux, Diane, et al. (författare)
  • U-BIOPRED clinical adult asthma clusters linked to a subset of sputum omics
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 139:6, s. 1797-1807
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease in which there is a differential response to asthma treatments. This heterogeneity needs to be evaluated so that a personalized management approach can be provided.OBJECTIVES: We stratified patients with moderate-to-severe asthma based on clinicophysiologic parameters and performed an omics analysis of sputum.METHODS: Partition-around-medoids clustering was applied to a training set of 266 asthmatic participants from the European Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Diseases Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) adult cohort using 8 prespecified clinic-physiologic variables. This was repeated in a separate validation set of 152 asthmatic patients. The clusters were compared based on sputum proteomics and transcriptomics data.RESULTS: Four reproducible and stable clusters of asthmatic patients were identified. The training set cluster T1 consists of patients with well-controlled moderate-to-severe asthma, whereas cluster T2 is a group of patients with late-onset severe asthma with a history of smoking and chronic airflow obstruction. Cluster T3 is similar to cluster T2 in terms of chronic airflow obstruction but is composed of nonsmokers. Cluster T4 is predominantly composed of obese female patients with uncontrolled severe asthma with increased exacerbations but with normal lung function. The validation set exhibited similar clusters, demonstrating reproducibility of the classification. There were significant differences in sputum proteomics and transcriptomics between the clusters. The severe asthma clusters (T2, T3, and T4) had higher sputum eosinophilia than cluster T1, with no differences in sputum neutrophil counts and exhaled nitric oxide and serum IgE levels.CONCLUSION: Clustering based on clinicophysiologic parameters yielded 4 stable and reproducible clusters that associate with different pathobiological pathways.
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49.
  • Perotin-Collard, Jeanne-Marie, et al. (författare)
  • Subtypes of eosinophilic asthma with discrete gene pathway phenotypes
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society Journals. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 54
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background: Blood eosinophil counts ≥0.3x109/L are used to define Type-2, eosinophilic asthma. However, differential responses to T2 biologics of patients with eosinophilic asthma suggests that this may be a heterogeneous phenotype with subsets driven by different molecular mechanisms.Methods: Blood transcriptomic data, acquired from 99 severe asthmatics from the U-BIOPRED study (62% female, mean age 54 yr, 41% on oral steroids), were clustered by topological data analysis and cluster boundaries defined by the MORSE method. Gene pathway signatures were identified by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis.Results: Analysis revealed 3 clusters with different modulated gene pathways, i.e. molecular phenotypes. Subtype 1 had high IFN-γ, low IL5, low IL13 and low IL17 gene expression, with reduced glucocorticoid-induced gene expression. Subtype 2 had low IFNγ, high IL5, high IL13 and low IL17 gene expression. Subtype 3 had low IFNγ, high IL5, high IL13 and high IL17 gene expression. Pathway analysis suggested a strong steroid response in Subtypes 2 and 3. Clinically, the three clusters were not different in respect of age, gender, prevalence of atopy, blood or sputum eosinophil counts. Subtype 3 was characterized by high neutrophil counts in blood and bronchial epithelium, frequent sinus disease and asthma exacerbations, OCS treatment, low allergic sensitisation and low exhaled NO. Subtype 1 was characterized by high exhaled NO and more frequent IgE therapy.Conclusion: This study suggests that eosinophilic severe asthma (≥0.3x109/L) can be stratified further into 3 subtypes with distinct gene expression profiles that could be developed as molecular diagnostic biomarkers to guide treatment and thereby improve patient outcomes.
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50.
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