| 1. |
- Adell, Emeli, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating untapped bike potential with crowdsourcing data
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 488-489
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The city of Lund has a high share of trips done by bicycle, and ambitious goals of becoming climate-neutral by 2030. Still the municipality, like many other cities, has difficulty in reaching the goals of increasing cycling and needs to find the real potential. To understand the untapped cycling potentials of a city, and generally to promote it, it is important to first assess how bike is used and why. This can be done by observing the bike flows and understanding the reasons for the use or misuse of bikes as a transport mode. Particularly, for the scope of identifying untapped potential, the preferred time scale should be smaller than the traditional count based on annual average figures. Also, opposite to motorized traffic, bicycle volume can rapidly change inside a city. All this caused the need to search for more effective methods to estimate bicycle volume like crowdsourcing data that can be provided by mobile apps which are usually collected for other purposes. The present study introduces a method of bicycle volume estimation based on GPS data from the TravelVu application, an app-based tool to collect travel survey data. A spatial analysis has been chosen to investigate the correlation between the data from the Lund municipality counting and the GPS data from TravelVu app. The analysis has been performed by comparing the average daily bike volume with the aggregated data in 3 months for the GPS track. Counting data refers to 2018 and 2021 and the TravelVu data refers to 3 months starting from August 2018 and 2021, where 2018 data are collected through crowdsourcing and 2021 are random sampling. All the weekend data have been removed since the manual counting was always carried out during weekdays (and should be represented by those). At first, all the data from the Lund municipality report were digitalized in a GIS map and then clustered per intersection to have a more robust regression when compared to the TravelVu data and to reduce the possible spatial errors.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Engdahl, Cecilia, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Estrogen induces St6gal1 expression and increases IgG sialylation in mice and patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A potential explanation for the increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis in postmenopausal women
- 2018
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research and Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6354 .- 1478-6362. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) preferentially affects women, with the peak incidence coinciding with estrogen decrease in menopause. Estrogen (E2) may therefore have intrinsic immune-regulatory properties that vanish with menopause. Fc sialylation is a crucial factor determining the inflammatory effector function of antibodies. We therefore analyzed whether E2 affects immunoglobulin G (IgG) sialylation. Methods: Postmenopausal (ovariectomized) mice were immunized with ovalbumin and treated with E2 or vehicle. Total and ovalbumin-specific IgG concentrations, sialylation, and Fcγ receptor expression were analyzed. Postmenopausal women with RA receiving hormone replacement therapy, including E2, or no treatment were analyzed for IgG sialylation. Furthermore, effects of E2 on the expression of the sialylation enzyme β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (St6Gal1) were studied in mouse and human antibody-producing cells. Results: E2 treatment significantly increased Fc sialylation of total and ovalbumin-specific IgG in postmenopausal mice. Furthermore, E2 led to increased expression of inhibitory Fcγ receptor IIb on bone marrow leukocytes. Treatment with E2 also increased St6Gal1 expression in mouse and human antibody-producing cells, providing a mechanistic explanation for the increase in IgG-Fc sialylation. In postmenopausal women with RA, treatment with E2 significantly increased the Fc sialylation of IgG. Conclusions: E2 induces anti-inflammatory effector functions in IgG by inducing St6Gal1 expression in antibody-producing cells and by increasing Fc sialylation. These observations provide a mechanistic explanation for the increased risk of RA in conditions with low estrogen levels such as menopause. © 2018 The Author(s).
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Issa Mattos, David, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization experiments in the continuous space: The limited growth optimistic optimization algorithm
- 2018
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. ; 11036 LNCS, s. 293-308, s. 293-308
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Online controlled experiments are extensively used by web-facing companies to validate and optimize their systems, providing a competitive advantage in their business. As the number of experiments scale, companies aim to invest their experimentation resources in larger feature changes and leave the automated techniques to optimize smaller features. Optimization experiments in the continuous space are encompassed in the many-armed bandits class of problems. Although previous research provides algorithms for solving this class of problems, these algorithms were not implemented in real-world online experimentation problems and do not consider the application constraints, such as time to compute a solution, selection of a best arm and the estimation of the mean-reward function. This work discusses the online experiments in context of the many-armed bandits class of problems and provides three main contributions: (1) an algorithm modification to include online experiments constraints, (2) implementation of this algorithm in an industrial setting in collaboration with Sony Mobile, and (3) statistical evidence that supports the modification of the algorithm for online experiments scenarios. These contributions support the relevance of the LG-HOO algorithm in the context of optimization experiments and show how the algorithm can be used to support continuous optimization of online systems in stochastic scenarios.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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Dietitian visits were a safe and cost-effective form of follow-up care for children with celiac disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253. ; 108:4, s. 676-680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study compared follow-up protocols for paediatric celiac disease (CD) led by either paediatricians or dietitians at Swedish university hospitals. Methods: We followed 363 CD patients under 18 years at the university hospitals in Malmö (n = 140) and Lund (n = 79) between 2011 and 2013 and after they merged to become Skåne (n = 144) between 2014 and 2016. Both Lund and Malmö provided regular paediatrician follow-up visits, whereas Skåne provided mainly dietitian-led visits. Results: Children at Lund were followed for a mean of 1.0 ± 0.5 visits per year, compared to 0.7 ± 0.6 at Malmö (p < 0.0001) and 0.9 ± 0.6 at Skåne (p = 0.11). The ratio of annual paediatrician to dietitian annual visits was 1.4:1.0 at Lund, which was higher than Malmö (0.9:1.0; p = 0.0017) and Skåne (0.6:1.0; p < 0.0001). There was no difference in the prevalence of non-compliant patients between the clinics (p = 0.26, Malmö 13.6%, Lund 10.1%, Skåne 7.6%). Tissue transglutaminase autoantibody levels reversed equally over time at all three clinics after the subjects started a gluten-free diet (r = -0.55, p < 0.0001). The total mean annual cost per patient was lowest at Malmö and highest at Lund (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Dietary compliance was similar regardless of whether care was provided by a dietitian or paediatrician. Dietitian-led follow-up visits may provide lower long-term costs.
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| 8. |
- Linefur, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Växtnäringsförluster i små jordbruksdominerade avrinningsområden 2022/2023 : årsredovisning för miljöövervakningsprogrammet Typområden på jordbruksmark
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det agrohydrologiska året 2022/2023 var både varmare och torrare än normalt i alla typområden utom i västra Östergötland och i Hälsingland. Augusti var varm och nederbördsrik i de östra och mellersta delarna (Östergötland, Västmanland och Uppland), och varm och torr i södra Sverige (Halland, Skåne, Blekinge och östra Småland) samt i Dalsland. Även oktober och november var varmare än normalt i hela landet, med temperaturer på mellan två och tre grader över det normala. December var däremot kallare än normalt, och i alla typområden utom M36 i Skåne, K32 i Blekinge och H29 i Småland kom nederbörden som snö, som därefter låg kvar i en till två veckor. Januari var varm och nederbördsrik, och nederbörden kom som regn i alla områden utom X2 i Hälsingland där det kom snö som därefter låg kvar till början av april. I C6 i Uppland varierade vintervädret mellan kalla dagar och perioder med både tö och regn. Detta ledde till att en stor del av höstrapsen behövde köras upp på våren, samt att stående vatten och isfläckar i höstvetet resulterade i stora döda fläckar på fälten. Inledningen på våren (mars och april) var kallare än normalt i alla typområden, medan maj i stället bjöd på högre temperaturer än normalt, framförallt i de mellersta och norra delarna (Dalsland, Östergötland, Västmanland och Hälsingland). Mars var även väldigt nederbördsrik i hela landet, medan april och maj var torrare än normalt, i synnerhet i södra Sverige (Halland, Skåne, Småland och Blekinge) och östra delen av landet (Östergötland, Mälardalen, Gotland och Hälsingland). Juni var mycket varmare än normalt i hela landet, och dessutom ovanligt torr i Skåne, Halland, Östergötland, Västmanland samt på Gotland. Den kalla starten på våren ledde till att tillväxten på grödorna inledningsvis var lite långsam, men tog fart i maj och juni när värmen kom.Årsavrinningen var mycket mindre än normalt i M42 i Skåne, N34 i Halland, H29 och F26 i Småland, O17 och O18 i Västergötland samt U8 i Västmanland, mycket större än normalt i M39 i Skåne, E21 i Östergötland samt X2 i Hälsingland och runt det normala i övriga områden. Avrinningen var låg eller mycket låg i juli och augusti i alla typområden utom X2 i Hälsingland där dagar med kraftig nederbörd ökade avrinningen tillfälligt. I typområde C6 i Uppland, E21 i Östergötland och X2 i Hälsingland uppmättes tillfälliga flödestoppar i augusti och september i samband med kraftig nederbörd. Avrinningen kom igång ordentligt i mitten av oktober i typområdena i Västergötland och i slutet av december i övriga typområden i södra och mellersta Sverige. I typområde X2 i Hälsingland varierade flödet under hela vintern, och det stora flödet uppmättes i stället i april, i samband med snösmältningen.Årsmedelhalterna av totalkväve var högre än respektive långtidsmedelvärde i de flesta typområden. Även den totala transporten av totalkväve större än respektive långtidsmedelvärde i M39 i Skåne, K31 i Blekinge, O14 i Dalsland, I28 på Gotland, alla tre typområden i Östergötland samt X2 i Hälsingland. För totalfosfor låg årsmedelhalterna under respektive långtidsmedelvärde i K32 i Blekinge, I28 på Gotland, F26 i västra Småland samt E21 i Östergötland, och över eller mycket över det normala i typområde M42 i Skåne, K31 i Blekinge, H29 i östra Småland samt X2 i Hälsingland. Den totala transporten av totalfosfor var större än respektive långtidsmedelvärde i typområde M39 i Skåne, K31 i Blekinge, E24 i Östergötland samt X2 i Hälsingland.I område F26 i Småland var fosforgödslingen något större 2022 jämfört med föregående år, och i O18 i Västergötland var både kväve- och fosforgödslingen större än föregående år. I F26 berodde detta på större tillförsel av stallgödsel medan det i O18 berodde på större tillförsel av mineralgödsel. Den mesta stallgödslingen skedde på våren i alla typområden utom i C6 i Uppland, där all stallgödsling skedde på hösten. Andelen ekologiskt brukad mark var större än föregående år i typområde E21 i Östergötland och I28 på Gotland. I övriga områden med ekologisk odling låg andelen kvar på samma nivå som förra året.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Malmgren, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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The complexity of kidney disease and diagnosing it - Cystatin C, selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes and proteome regulation.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 293:3, s. 293-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estimation of kidney function is often part of daily clinical practice, mostly done by using the endogenous GFR-markers creatinine or cystatin C. A recommendation to use both markers in parallel in 2010 has resulted in new knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of kidney disorders by identification of a new set of kidney disorders, selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes. These syndromes, connected to strong increases in mortality and morbidity, are characterised by a selective reduction in the glomerular filtration of 5-30 kDa molecules, such as cystatin C, compared to the filtration of small molecules < 1kDa dominating the glomerular filtrate e.g., water, urea, creatinine. At least two types of such disorders, shrunken or elongated pore syndrome, are possible according to the pore model for glomerular filtration. Selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes are prevalent in investigated populations, and patients with these syndromes often display normal measured GFR or creatinine-based GFR-estimates. The syndromes are characterised by proteomic changes promoting the development of atherosclerosis, indicating antibodies and specific receptor-blocking substances as possible new treatment modalities. Presently, the KDIGO guidelines for diagnosing kidney disorders do not recommend cystatin C as a general marker of kidney function and will therefore not allow the identification of a considerable number of patients with selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes. Furthermore, as cystatin C is uninfluenced by muscle mass, diet or variations in tubular secretion and cystatin C-based GFR-estimation equations do not require controversial race or sex terms, it is obvious that cystatin C should be a part of future KDIGO guidelines.
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| 11. |
- Norberg, Lisbet, et al.
(författare)
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Växtnäringsförluster från åkermark 2022/2023 : årsredovisning för miljöövervakningsprogrammet Observationsfält på åkermark
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom programmet Observationsfält på åkermark undersöks avrinning, växtnäringsutlakning och odlingsåtgärder på ett antal fält (13 st) på olika platser i landet. Fälten ingår i gårdens normala drift. Programmet ingår i den nationella miljöövervakningen på jordbruksmark med Naturvårdsverket som ansvarig myndighet och med SLU som ansvarig utförare. I denna rapport redovisas resultat för det agrohydrologiska året juli 2022 – juni 2023. Rapporten redovisar bl.a. flödesvägda årsmedelhalter (mg/l) och transporter av näringsämnen (kg/ha) samt avrinning (mm) för varje fält, medan klimatet redovisas översiktligt för olika delar av Sverige.Perioden juli 2022 till juni 2023 var varmare än normalt i hela landet, i Skåne och Östergötland ungefär 1°C varmare än normalperioden 1991-2020. Under vintern 2022/2023 gick marktemperaturen aldrig under 0°C i Skåne och Östergötland medan i Västerbotten var marken frusen och täckt av ett tjockt snötäcke. Årsnederbörden och årsavrinningen var mindre än flerårsmedelvärdena i Skåne och Västerbotten medan Östergötland hade större årsnederbörd och årsavrinning än normalt. Höstvete har alltid varit en populär gröda på observationsfälten medan de tre nordligaste fälten alltid dominerats av vallodling.Årsmedelhalten av totalkväve var mycket högre än respektive långtidsmedelvärdet för fälten i Skåne (2M, 3M och 11M) medan resten av fälten låg nära eller under långtidsmedelvärdet. Årsmedelhalten av totalkväve i dräneringsvattnet för 2022/2023 varierade från 2,3 mg/l för fält 14AC till 37,0 mg/l för fält 3M. Årstransporten av totalkväve var över eller mycket över respektive fälts långtidsmedelvärde för de flesta av de sydligaste fälten och nära långtidsmedelvärdet eller mindre för resten av fälten. Årsmedelhalten av totalfosfor var nära långtidsmedelvärdet för alla fält utom 2M och 3M som hade högre värden. Fält 3M har även den högsta årsmedelhalten av totalfosfor (1,09 mg/l) av alla fält för 2022/2023 medan fält 12N och 21E har den lägsta halten (0,01 mg/l). Årstransporten av totalfosfor följde för de flesta fält årsavrinningen, med större årstransport från fält med stor årsavrinning och mindre årstransport då årsavrinningen var liten.Observationsfälten firade förra året 50 år. I den här rapporten beskrivs de två yngsta observationsfälten som trots att de är yngst, ändå har varit i gång i 34 år.
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| 12. |
- Polavarapu, Anjaneya Prasad, 1975-
(författare)
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Exploring Molecular Interactions : Synthesis and Studies of Clip-Shaped Molecular Hosts
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Molecular recognition via noncovalent interactions plays a key role in many biological processes such as antigen-antibody interactions, protein folding, the bonding and catalytic transformation of substrates by enzymes, etc. Amongst these noncovalent interactions, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and metal-to-ligand bonding are the most prominent. Exploring noncovalent interactions in host-guest systems that range from small hydrocarbon systems to more complex systems is the main motivation of this thesis. The present study involves the design, synthesis and characterization of clip-shaped molecules as host structures, and an examination of their binding properties with a variety of guests using NMR spectroscopy.Several clips with a hydrocarbon or glycoluril backbone were synthesized. The binding of cations to small, hydrocarbon-based clips suggests that binding is enhanced by the rigidity and cooperativity between the two sidewalls of the clip. Binding is also very much dependant on the solvent properties.Glycoluril-based clips built with aromatic sidewalls provide a deep cavity for binding guest molecules. The binding properties of these hosts were studied with several guests such as cations, Lewis acids and Lewis bases. Lewis basic binding sites in the acenaphthene-terminated clip were dominating in guest binding. Complexation-induced conformational changes in the wall-to-wall distance were observed for this clip.In contrast, for a porphyrin-terminated clip with metal centers, very strong binding to a series of Lewis basic guests of various sizes into the clip cavity was observed. Conformational locking of guests with long alkyl chains was achieved, suggesting that, this clip could be useful as a potential molecular tool for the structural characterization of acyclic molecules with several stereogenic centers. This porphyrin clip was also shown to bind substituted fullerenes in the cavity.
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| 13. |
- Rosén, Helena I., et al.
(författare)
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Patients' experiences and perceived causes of persisting discomfort following day surgery
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC Nursing. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6955. ; 9, s. artikelnummer 16-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to describe patients’ experiences and perceived causes of persisting discomfort following day surgery. Earlier research has mainly covered symptoms and signs during a recovery period of up to one month, and not dealt with patients’ perceptions of what causes persisting, longer-term discomfort. Methods: This study is a part from a study carried out during the period May 2006 to May 2007 with a total of 298 day surgery patients. Answers were completed by 118 patients at 48 hours, 110 at seven days and 46 at three months to one open-ended question related to discomfort after day surgery constructed as follows: If you are stillexperiencing discomfort related to the surgery, what is the reason, in your opinion? Data was processed, quantitatively and qualitatively. Descriptive, inferential, correlation and content analyses were performed. Results: The results suggest that patients suffer from remaining discomfort e.g. pain and wound problem, with effects on daily life following day surgery up to three months. Among patients’ perceptions of factors leading to discomfort may be wrongful or suboptimal treatment, type of surgery or insufficient access to provider/information. Conclusions: The results have important implications for preventing and managing discomfort at home followingday surgery, and for nursing interventions to help patients handle the recovery period better.
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| 14. |
- Rosén, Helena I., et al.
(författare)
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Patients´ Experiences of Pain Following Day Surgery - At 48 Hours, Seven Days and Three Months
- 2011
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Ingår i: Open Nursing Journal. - : Bentham Open. - 1874-4346. ; 5, s. 52-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies indicate that patients experience pain after day surgery for a longer period than previously known. This requires verification. This was a prospective, descriptive correlational study. A convenience sample of 298 day surgery patients undergoing various surgical procedures was asked to report pain intensity and its interference with daily function 48 hours, seven days and three months after day surgery. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. On a NRS, 55% (n=230) reported pain (≥4) 48 hours after surgery, as did 43% (n=213) at seven days. Pain interfered with normal activities at ≥4 NRS at 48 hours and at seven days, after which it decreased.
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| 15. |
- Rosén, Helena I., et al.
(författare)
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The Recovery Process After Day Surgery Within the Symptom Management Theory
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nursing Forum. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1744-6198 .- 0029-6473. ; 49:2, s. 100-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim was to illustrate two cases in a postoperative situation following day surgery within the framework of the symptom management theory. Method: Template analysis using the symptom management theory. Result: Neither the woman nor the man was able to return to their normal activities, health status or functional status, within a week. Conclusion: The results illustrate how a postoperative situation may involve personal suffering up to 3 months. Practical Implication: To obtain an outcome following day surgery, as optimal as possible, improving clinical practices and routines, such as discharge criteria, guidelines, and care pathways, is necessary. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 16. |
- Rosén, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms following day surgery : a review of the literature
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Perioperative Care. - : Association for Perioperative Practice. - 1470-5664. ; 4:1, s. 7-18
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad-based overview of the current literature regarding patients’ experiences of symptoms following day surgery. Background: The advent of new anaesthetic and anti-emetic agents, advanced surgical techniques and the need for reduced costs for inpatient hospital services, has resulted in about 70% of all surgical procedures being undertaken as day surgery (Mattila et al 2005, Qureshi et al 2006) in many countries such as the United Kingdom (UK) (Aylin et al 2005) and Europe, Australia and North America (Jarrett 2001). As more and more types of surgery, including increasingly complex procedures, are undertaken as day surgery and with the expansion of day surgery for patients who are older, frail or who have multiple co-morbidities, there is a need to expand the knowledge base regarding patients’ symptom experience at home following day surgery. In particular, there is a need to examine the patients’ experience of symptoms longitudinally and to examine the impact of these on the return to activities of daily living (Gudex et al 2006). Method: Nursing and health care papers published in English between 1992 and April 2008 were sought, using the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) database. Thirty six papers were selected and critiqued. A checklist was used to review the included studies for their type of method and the way they were designed and implemented (Goodman 1993). Findings: The wide range of studies reviewed provided further understanding of incidence, intensity and duration of symptoms experienced by patients after day surgery. Patients almost invariably report that pain and other symptoms were at their peak up to 24 hours after discharge and frequently persisted for six days or more. However, a clear picture of the symptom experience following day surgery failed to emerge because methodological differences make comparison across studies difficult. While there has been little exploration of the symptom experience longitudinally, those studies that have examined symptoms over time suggest that the patient's experience of them does have a significant impact on their ability to function in their normal social and work roles for a prolonged period of time following day surgery. In the studies reviewed when day surgery patients´ activity levels were reduced postoperatively, return to usual activity was delayed and activities of daily living were reported as difficult to manage. Conclusion: This review demonstrates that patients' experience of symptoms in the recovery period at home following day surgery is more profound than clinicians expect, lasts for a longer period and interferes with the ability to return to normal activities. However there are still gaps in knowledge particularly concerning the extent to which patients continue to experience symptoms after six days and beyond. Further research needs to explore multidimensional perspectives on symptoms together with an additional and more thorough evaluation of the impact of symptoms on daily living. Recommendations: Further research regarding these gaps in knowledge is necessary in order to develop a deeper understanding of patients’ symptom experience following day surgery and to develop appropriate assessment and intervention strategies for this population. The perioperative nurse with his or her specialised knowledge is well suited to face these challenges.
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| 17. |
- Sagar, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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The Innovative Teacher - A Pilot Project
- 2019
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Ingår i: Paper presented at NERA-conference 6-8 March, 2019, Uppsala University.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to present a pilot study on innovative teachers. Through narratives written after interviews with four first teachers in Sweden, common aspects recurring in all narratives will be focused. Research questions: How do first teachers talk about their teacher training? How do first teachers talk about their students? How does teacher agency get visible in the first teacher’s professional role? To what extent does the first teacher describe him-/herself as innovative? What are requirements for providing support to the innovative teacher? Which words / terms do first teachers use to describe themselves as innovative? Theoretical framework The theoretical framework covers theories on the teacher professional development in general (Day & Sachs, 2004) and specifically agency and professional activism (Sachs, 2003) as well as professional development through teacher inquiry (Mockler & Sachs, 2011). Methodological design Four first teachers, ranging from preschool to upper secondary school, were interviewed using the same interview guide containing open-ended questions. Each researcher transcribed her interview and prepared a written narrative based on the interview questions. The narratives were orally presented to all researchers during a collaborative session, during which notes were taken by one of the researchers. The notes were discussed collaboratively and iteratively screened for common aspects to a point where themes could be identified. The themes were then illustrated by quotes from each researcher’s narrative to illustrate and validate the themes and common understanding of them. Additionally, separate quotes were added with the aim of finding similarities and differences between the different school levels. Expected conclusions/findings Preliminary findings are that there is an overlap between school levels regarding the way in which the teachers describe themselves as innovative teachers. Four themes were found; a) recognition of each student’s strengths and interests as the main resource in his/her learning b) creating trusting relations to both students and colleagues c) a holistic view on knowledge and education d) curiosity and inquiry as driving forces for school and professional development. Relevance to Nordic educational research This research has a strong relevance to the Nordic context due to the first teacher reform; a new career pathway for teachers, particularly in Sweden and Norway. Criteria for selection of first teachers are based on your interest and competence in school and professional development, i.e. being an innovative teacher, rather than a formal educational degree. Additionally, the innovative teacher may be central for pedagogic entrepreneurship, as specified by the Nordic Council of Ministers (2016), which in turn is essential for sustainable growth of our societies.
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