| 1. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Cheng, Shi-Ping, et al.
(författare)
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Haplotype-resolved genome assembly and allele-specific gene expression in cultivated ginger
- 2021
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Ingår i: Horticulture Research. - : Springer Nature. - 2052-7276. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the most valued spice plants worldwide; it is prized for its culinary and folk medicinal applications and is therefore of high economic and cultural importance. Here, we present a haplotype-resolved, chromosome-scale assembly for diploid ginger anchored to 11 pseudochromosome pairs with a total length of 3.1 Gb. Remarkable structural variation was identified between haplotypes, and two inversions larger than 15 Mb on chromosome 4 may be associated with ginger infertility. We performed a comprehensive, spatiotemporal, genome-wide analysis of allelic expression patterns, revealing that most alleles are coordinately expressed. The alleles that exhibited the largest differences in expression showed closer proximity to transposable elements, greater coding sequence divergence, more relaxed selection pressure, and more transcription factor binding site differences. We also predicted the transcription factors potentially regulating 6-gingerol biosynthesis. Our allele-aware assembly provides a powerful platform for future functional genomics, molecular breeding, and genome editing in ginger.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Fan, Qunping, et al.
(författare)
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10.13% Efficiency All-Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by Improving the Optical Absorption of Polymer Acceptors
- 2020
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Ingår i: Solar RRL. - : Wiley. - 2367-198X. ; 4:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The limited light absorption capacity for most polymer acceptors hinders the improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Herein, by simultaneously increasing the conjugation of the acceptor unit and enhancing the electron-donating ability of the donor unit, a novel narrow-bandgap polymer acceptor PF3-DTCO based on an A–D–A-structured acceptor unit ITIC16 and a carbon–oxygen (C–O)-bridged donor unit DTCO is developed. The extended conjugation of the acceptor units from IDIC16 to ITIC16 results in a red-shifted absorption spectrum and improved absorption coefficient without significant reduction of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level. Moreover, in addition to further broadening the absorption spectrum by the enhanced intramolecular charge transfer effect, the introduction of C–O bridges into the donor unit improves the absorption coefficient and electron mobility, as well as optimizes the morphology and molecular order of active layers. As a result, the PF3-DTCO achieves a higher PCE of 10.13% with a higher short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 15.75 mA cm−2 in all-PSCs compared with its original polymer acceptor PF2-DTC (PCE = 8.95% and Jsc = 13.82 mA cm−2). Herein, a promising method is provided to construct high-performance polymer acceptors with excellent optical absorption for efficient all-PSCs.
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| 5. |
- Guo, Di, et al.
(författare)
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Cholecystokinin-like peptide mediates satiety by inhibiting sugar attraction
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 17:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Feeding is essential for animal survival and reproduction and is regulated by both internal states and external stimuli. However, little is known about how internal states influence the perception of external sensory cues that regulate feeding behavior. Here, we investigated the neuronal and molecular mechanisms behind nutritional state-mediated regulation of gustatory perception in control of feeding behavior in the brown planthopper and Drosophila. We found that feeding increases the expression of the cholecystokinin-like peptide, sulfakinin (SK), and the activity of a set of SK-expressing neurons. Starvation elevates the transcription of the sugar receptor Gr64f and SK negatively regulates the expression of Gr64f in both insects. Interestingly, we found that one of the two known SK receptors, CCKLR-17D3, is expressed by some of Gr64f-expressing neurons in the proboscis and proleg tarsi. Thus, we have identified SK as a neuropeptide signal in a neuronal circuitry that responds to food intake, and regulates feeding behavior by diminishing gustatory receptor gene expression and activity of sweet sensing GRNs. Our findings demonstrate one nutritional state-dependent pathway that modulates sweet perception and thereby feeding behavior, but our experiments cannot exclude further parallel pathways. Importantly, we show that the underlying mechanisms are conserved in the two distantly related insect species.
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| 6. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 7. |
- Leng, Xue-Li, et al.
(författare)
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Spiral Coil Inserts for Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Parallel-plate Channel
- 2014
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Ingår i: Numerical Heat Transfer Part A: Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1040-7782 .- 1521-0634. ; 66:7, s. 756-772
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The flow fields and heat transfer characteristics in a parallel-plate channel with a transversely placed spiral coil insert were investigated by three-dimensional numerical simulation. The structure of multi-longitudinal-vortices (MLVs) induced by the spiral coil and the effects of MLVs on velocity and temperature fields were studied. The three-dimensional spiral coil induces a series of longitudinal vortices in the channel including leading longitudinal vortex, mainstream longitudinal vortices, near-wall longitudinal vortices, and rear central longitudinal vortex. Transport by the longitudinal vortices can increase the mass exchange between the boundary layer and the mainstream, which speeds up the heat migration from the channel walls and enhances the heat diffusion in the mainstream.
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| 8. |
- Li, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Atomic-resolution structures from polycrystalline covalent organic frameworks with enhanced cryo-cRED
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pursuit of atomic precision structure of porous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is the key to understanding the relationship between structures and properties, and further developing new materials with superior performance. Yet, a challenge of how to determine their atomic structures has always existed since the first COFs reported seventeen years ago. Here, we present a universal method for ab initio structure determination of polycrystalline three-dimensional (3D) COFs at atomic level using enhanced cryo-continuous rotation electron diffraction (cryo-cRED), which combines hierarchical cluster analysis with cryo-EM technique. The high-quality datasets possess not only up to 0.79-angstrom resolution but more than 90% completeness, leading to unambiguous solution and precise refinement with anisotropic temperature factors. With such a powerful method, the dynamic structures with flexible linkers, degree of interpenetration, position of functional groups, and arrangement of ordered guest molecules are successfully revealed with atomic precision in five 3D COFs, which are almost impossible to be obtained without atomic resolution structure solution. This study demonstrates a practicable strategy for determining the structures of polycrystalline COFs and other beam-sensitive materials and to help in the future discovery of novel materials on the other.
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| 9. |
- Li, Lianhui, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability Assessment of Intelligent Manufacturing Supported by Digital Twin
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 2169-3536. ; 8, s. 174988-175008
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a major challenge and opportunity for traditional manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing is facing the needs of sustainable development in future. Sustainability assessment undoubtedly plays a pivotal role for future development of intelligent manufacturing. Aiming at this, the paper presents the digital twin driven information architecture of sustainability assessment oriented for dynamic evolution under the whole life cycle based on the classic digital twin mapping system. The sustainability assessment method segment of the architecture includes indicator system building, indicator value determination, indicator importance degree determination and intelligent manufacturing project assessing. A novel approach for treating the ambiguity of expert judgment in indicator value determination by introducing trapezoidal fuzzy number into analytic hierarchy process is proposed, while the complexity of the influence relationship among the indicators is processed by the integration of complex networks modeling and PROMETHEE II for the indicator importance degree determination. A two-stage evidence combination model based on evidence theory is built for intelligent manufacturing project assessing lastly. The presented digital-twin-driven information architecture and the sustainability assessment method is tested and validated on a study of sustainability assessment of 8 intelligent manufacturing projects of an air conditioning enterprise. The results of the presented method were validated by comparing them with the results of the fuzzy and rough extension of the PROMETHEE II, TOPSIS and VIKOR methods, indicator importance degree determining method by entropy and indicator value determining method by accurate expert scoring.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Ma, Tianqiong, et al.
(författare)
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Observation of Interpenetration Isomerism in Covalent Organic Frameworks
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 140:22, s. 6763-6766
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report herein the first example of interpenetration isomerism in covalent organic frameworks (COFs). As a well-known three-dimensional (3D) COF, COF-300 was synthesized and characterized by the Yaghi group in 2009 as a 5-fold interpenetrated diamond structure (dia-cS topology). We found that adding an aging process prior to the reported synthetic procedure afforded the formation of an interpenetration isomer, dia-c7 COF-300. The 7-fold interpenetrated diamond structure of this new isomer was identified by powder Xray diffraction and rotation electron diffraction analyses. Furthermore, we proposed a universal formula to accurately determine the number of interpenetration degrees of dia-based COFs from only the unit cell parameters and the length of the organic linker. This work not only provides a novel example to the category of interpenetration isomerism but also provides new insights for the further development of 3D COFs.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Piao, Shilong, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models for their response to climate variability and to CO2 trends
- 2013
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013. ; 19:7, s. 2117-2132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate 10 process-based terrestrial biosphere models that were used for the IPCC fifth Assessment Report. The simulated gross primary productivity (GPP) is compared with flux-tower-based estimates by Jung etal. [Journal of Geophysical Research 116 (2011) G00J07] (JU11). The net primary productivity (NPP) apparent sensitivity to climate variability and atmospheric CO2 trends is diagnosed from each model output, using statistical functions. The temperature sensitivity is compared against ecosystem field warming experiments results. The CO2 sensitivity of NPP is compared to the results from four Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiments. The simulated global net biome productivity (NBP) is compared with the residual land sink (RLS) of the global carbon budget from Friedlingstein etal. [Nature Geoscience 3 (2010) 811] (FR10). We found that models produce a higher GPP (133 +/- 15Pg Cyr-1) than JU11 (118 +/- 6Pg Cyr-1). In response to rising atmospheric CO2 concentration, modeled NPP increases on average by 16% (5-20%) per 100ppm, a slightly larger apparent sensitivity of NPP to CO2 than that measured at the FACE experiment locations (13% per 100ppm). Global NBP differs markedly among individual models, although the mean value of 2.0 +/- 0.8Pg Cyr-1 is remarkably close to the mean value of RLS (2.1 +/- 1.2 Pg Cyr-1). The interannual variability in modeled NBP is significantly correlated with that of RLS for the period 1980-2009. Both model-to-model and interannual variation in model GPP is larger than that in model NBP due to the strong coupling causing a positive correlation between ecosystem respiration and GPP in the model. The average linear regression slope of global NBP vs. temperature across the 10 models is -3.0 +/- 1.5Pg Cyr-1 degrees C-1, within the uncertainty of what derived from RLS (-3.9 +/- 1.1Pg Cyr-1 degrees C-1). However, 9 of 10 models overestimate the regression slope of NBP vs. precipitation, compared with the slope of the observed RLS vs. precipitation. With most models lacking processes that control GPP and NBP in addition to CO2 and climate, the agreement between modeled and observation-based GPP and NBP can be fortuitous. Carbon-nitrogen interactions (only separable in one model) significantly influence the simulated response of carbon cycle to temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration, suggesting that nutrients limitations should be included in the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models.
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| 14. |
- Wu, Haimei, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of the Isomerized Thiophene-Fused Ending Groups on the Performances of Twisted Non-Fullerene Acceptor-Based Polymer Solar Cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 12:21, s. 23904-23913
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, benefiting from the merits of small-molecule acceptors (NFAs), polymer solar cells (PSCs) have achieved tremendous advances. From the perspective of the structural characteristics of the pi-conjugated acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) type of organic molecules, the backbones planarity and the terminal groups and their substituents have strong influences on the performances of the constructed NFAs. Through enlarging the dihedral angle of the conjugated main chain of NFAs, a certain degree of enhancement of photovoltaic parameters has been achieved. To further probe the influences of ending groups on the performances of nonplanar NFAs, we synthesized two new NFAs i-cc23 and i-cc34 with isomerized thiophene-fused ending groups and a twisted pi-conjugated main chain. Compared to i-cc23 containing the 2-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophen-4-ylidene)malononitrile ending group, the acceptor i-cc34 containing 2-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[c]thiophen-4-ylidene)malononitrile has a relatively higher molar extinction coefficient, bathochromic-shifted absorption spectrum, and deepened energy levels. When mixed with PBDB-T in solar cells, the i-cc23-based device achieved an excellent open-circuit voltage (V-OC) of 1.10 V and a moderate power conversion efficiency of 7.34%. Although the V-OC of the i-cc34-related device was decreased to 0.96 V, the short-circuit current density and fill factor were improved, giving rise to an enhanced efficiency of 9.51%. Apart from the distinct photovoltaic performances, the two isomer-based devices exhibit a high radiative efficiency of 8 x 10(-4), leading to a very small nonradiative loss of 0.19 V. Our results emphasize the importance of the isomerized thiophene-fused ending groups on the performances of nonplanar NFA-based PSCs.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Yang, Yuying, et al.
(författare)
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Light-Induced Redox Looping of a Rhodium/CexWO3 Photocatalyst for Highly Active and Robust Dry Reforming of Methane
- 2022
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 61:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dry reforming of methane (DRM) has provided an effective avenue to convert two greenhouse gases, CH4 and CO2, into syngas. Here, we design a DRM photocatalyst Rh/CexWO3 that invokes both photothermal and photoelectric processes, which overcomes the thermodynamic limitation of DRM under conventional conditions. In contrast to plasmonic or UV-response photocatalysts, our photocatalyst produces a superior light-to-chemical energy efficiency (LTCEE) of 4.65 % with a moderate light intensity. We propose that a light-induced metal-to-metal charge transfer plays a crucial role in the DRM reaction, which induces a redox looping between Ce to W species to lower the activation energy. Quantum mechanical studies reveal that a high oxygen mobility of CexWO3, accompanied with the formation of oxo-bridge species, results in a substantial elimination of deposited C species during the reaction. Our catalyst design strategy could offer a promising energy-efficient industrial process for DRM.
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| 17. |
- Yue, Siyao, et al.
(författare)
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Brown carbon from biomass burning imposes strong circum-Arctic warming
- 2022
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Ingår i: ONE EARTH. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 5:3, s. 293-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid warming in the Arctic has a huge impact on the global environment. Atmospheric brown carbon (BrC) is one of the least understood and uncertain warming agents due to a scarcity of observations. Here, we performed direct observations of atmospheric BrC and quantified its light-absorbing properties during a 2 month circum-Arctic cruise in summer of 2017. Through observation-constrained modeling, we show that BrC, mainly originated from biomass burning in the mid-to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (similar to 60%), can be a strong warming agent in the Arctic region, especially in the summer, with an average radiative forcing of-90 mW m(-2) (similar to 30% relative to black carbon). As climate change is projected to increase the frequency, intensity, and spread of wildfires, we expect BrC to play an increasing role in Arctic warming in the future.
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| 18. |
- Zhang, Yi, et al.
(författare)
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Elemene inhibits the migration and invasion of 4T1 murine breast cancer cells via heparanase
- 2017
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Ingår i: Molecular Medicine Reports. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1791-2997 .- 1791-3004. ; 16:1, s. 794-800
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elemene (ELE), a natural plant drug extracted from Curcumae Rhizoma, has been widely used for cancer treatment in China for more than 20 years. Although it is reported to be a broad-spectrum anticancer drug, the mechanism underlying the action of ELE in the treatment of breast cancer remains to be fully elucidated. Heparanase, a mammalian endo-D-glucuronidase, is involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and thus promotes tumor progression and metastasis. The downregulation of heparanase can effectively reduce tumor malignant behaviors. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of ELE were evaluated in breast cancer cells using a Cell Counting kit 8 assay. The migratory and invasive capabilities of cancer cells were investigated using a wound healing assay, real-time cell analysis and a Transwell assay. In addition, western blot analysis was used to assess alterations in the expression levels of key proteins. The present results confirmed the antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects of ELE, using low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) as a positive control. In addition, ELE was demonstrated to downregulate the expression of heparanase, and decrease the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and AKT. These findings suggested that ELE may be a promising agent targeting heparanase in the treatment of breast cancer.
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| 19. |
- Zhang, Yi, et al.
(författare)
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Gubenyiliu II Inhibits Breast Tumor Growth and Metastasis Associated with Decreased Heparanase Expression and Phosphorylation of ERK and AKT Pathways
- 2017
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Ingår i: Molecules. - : MDPI AG. - 1431-5157 .- 1420-3049. ; 22:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gubenyiliu II (GYII), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula used in our hospital, has shown beneficial effects in cancer patients. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of GYII on murine breast cancer models. GYII showed significant inhibitory effects on tumor growth and metastasis in the murine breast cancer model. Additionally, GYII suppressed the proliferation of 4T1 and MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. A better inhibitory effect on 4T1 cell proliferation and migration was found in the decomposed recipes (DR) of GYII. Moreover, heparanase expression and the degree of angiogenesis were reduced in tumor tissues. Western blot analysis showed decreased expression of heparanase and growth factors in the cells treated with GYII and its decomposed recipes (DR2 and DR3), and thereby a reduction in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and serine-threonine kinase (AKT). These results suggest that GYII exerts anti-tumor growth and anti-metastatic effects in the murine breast cancer model. The anti-tumor activity of GYII and its decomposed recipes is, at least partly, associated with decreased heparanase and growth factor expression, which subsequently suppressed the activation of the ERK and AKT pathways.
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