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| 10. |
- Acharyya, A., et al.
(författare)
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Monte Carlo studies for the optimisation of the Cherenkov Telescope Array layout
- 2019
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Ingår i: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 111, s. 35-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the major next-generation observatory for ground-based veryhigh-energy gamma-ray astronomy. It will improve the sensitivity of current ground-based instruments by a factor of five to twenty, depending on the energy, greatly improving both their angular and energy resolutions over four decades in energy (from 20 GeV to 300 TeV). This achievement will be possible by using tens of imaging Cherenkov telescopes of three successive sizes. They will be arranged into two arrays, one per hemisphere, located on the La Palma island (Spain) and in Paranal (Chile). We present here the optimised and final telescope arrays for both CTA sites, as well as their foreseen performance, resulting from the analysis of three different large-scale Monte Carlo productions.
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| 11. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
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| 12. |
- Do, Ron, et al.
(författare)
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Common variants associated with plasma triglycerides and risk for coronary artery disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:11, s. 1345-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Triglycerides are transported in plasma by specific triglyceride-rich lipoproteins; in epidemiological studies, increased triglyceride levels correlate with higher risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, it is unclear whether this association reflects causal processes. We used 185 common variants recently mapped for plasma lipids (P < 5 x 10(-8) for each) to examine the role of triglycerides in risk for CAD. First, we highlight loci associated with both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride levels, and we show that the direction and magnitude of the associations with both traits are factors in determining CAD risk. Second, we consider loci with only a strong association with triglycerides and show that these loci are also associated with CAD. Finally, in a model accounting for effects on LDL-C and/or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, the strength of a polymorphism's effect on triglyceride levels is correlated with the magnitude of its effect on CAD risk. These results suggest that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins causally influence risk for CAD.
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| 13. |
- Willer, Cristen J., et al.
(författare)
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Discovery and refinement of loci associated with lipid levels
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:11, s. 1274-1283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and total cholesterol are heritable, modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. To identify new loci and refine known loci influencing these lipids, we examined 188,577 individuals using genome-wide and custom genotyping arrays. We identify and annotate 157 loci associated with lipid levels at P < 5 x 10(-8), including 62 loci not previously associated with lipid levels in humans. Using dense genotyping in individuals of European, East Asian, South Asian and African ancestry, we narrow association signals in 12 loci. We find that loci associated with blood lipid levels are often associated with cardiovascular and metabolic traits, including coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, blood pressure, waist-hip ratio and body mass index. Our results demonstrate the value of using genetic data from individuals of diverse ancestry and provide insights into the biological mechanisms regulating blood lipids to guide future genetic, biological and therapeutic research.
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| 14. |
- Wain, Louise V., et al.
(författare)
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Novel Blood Pressure Locus and Gene Discovery Using Genome-Wide Association Study and Expression Data Sets From Blood and the Kidney
- 2017
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Ingår i: Hypertension. - 0194-911X .- 1524-4563. ; 70:3, s. e4-e19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has a substantial genetic contribution. Genetic variation influencing blood pressure has the potential to identify new pharmacological targets for the treatment of hypertension. To discover additional novel blood pressure loci, we used 1000 Genomes Project-based imputation in 150 134 European ancestry individuals and sought significant evidence for independent replication in a further 228 245 individuals. We report 6 new signals of association in or near HSPB7, TNXB, LRP12, LOC283335, SEPT9, and AKT2, and provide new replication evidence for a further 2 signals in EBF2 and NFKBIA. Combining large whole-blood gene expression resources totaling 12 607 individuals, we investigated all novel and previously reported signals and identified 48 genes with evidence for involvement in blood pressure regulation that are significant in multiple resources. Three novel kidney-specific signals were also detected. These robustly implicated genes may provide new leads for therapeutic innovation.
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| 17. |
- Shungin, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
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New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
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| 20. |
- Caamano, M, et al.
(författare)
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Isomers in neutron-rich A approximate to 190 nuclides from Pb-208 fragmentation
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 23:2, s. 201-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relativistic projectile fragmentation of Pb-208 has been used to produce isomers in neutron-rich, A approximate to 190 nuclides. A forward-focusing spectrometer provided ion-by-ion mass and charge identification. The detection of gamma-rays emitted by stopped ions has led to the assignment of isomers in Ta-188, W-190, Re-192, Re-193, Os-195, Ir-197, Ir-198, Pt-200, Pt-201, Pt-202 and Au-203, with half-lives ranging from approximately 10 ns to 1 ms. Tentative isomer information has been found also for Er-174, Er-175, Hf-185, Re-191, Re-194 and Ir-199. In most cases, time-correlated, singles gamma-ray events provided the first spectroscopic data on excited states for each nuclide. In Pt-200 and Pt-201. the assignments are supported by gamma-gamma coincidences. Isomeric ratios provide additional information, such as half-life and transition energy constraints in particular cases. The level structures of the platinum isotopes are discussed, and comparisons are made with isomer systematics.
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| 21. |
- Field, Christopher B., et al.
(författare)
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Summary for Policymakers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and SectoralAspects.. - 9781107415379 ; , s. 1-32
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
- Mach, Henryk, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrafast-timing lifetime measurements in Ru-94 and Pd-96 : Breakdown of the seniority scheme in N=50 isotones
- 2017
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985. ; 95:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The advanced time-delayed gamma gamma(t) method has been applied to determine half-lives of low-lying states in the N = 50 isotones Ru-94 and Pd-96. The inferred experimental E2 strengths for the 4(+) -> 2(+) transitions in the two nuclei show a dramatic deviation with respect to the shell model predictions in the (f(5/2), p, g(9/2)) proton hole space in Sn-100. The anomalous behavior can be ascribed to a breakdown of the seniority quantum number in the pi g(9/2)(n) configuration due to particle-hole excitations across the N = Z = 50 shell as confirmed by large-scale shell model calculations.
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| 30. |
- Klaubauf, Sylvia, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Similar is not the same: Differences in the function of the (hemi-)cellulolytic regulator XlnR (Xlr1/Xyr1) in filamentous fungi
- 2014
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Ingår i: Fungal Genetics and Biology. - 1096-0937 .- 1087-1845. ; 72, s. 73-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transcriptional activator XlnR (Xlr1/Xyr1) is a major regulator in fungal xylan and cellulose degradation as well as in the utilization of d-xylose via the pentose catabolic pathway. XlnR homologs are commonly found in filamentous ascomycetes and often assumed to have the same function in different fungi. However, a comparison of the saprobe Aspergillus niger and the plant pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae showed different phenotypes for deletion strains of XlnR. In this study wild type and xlnR/xlr1/xyr1 mutants of five fungi were compared: Fusarium graminearum, M. oryzae, Trichoderma reesei, A. niger and Aspergillus nidulans. Growth profiling on relevant substrates and a detailed analysis of the secretome as well as extracellular enzyme activities demonstrated a common role of this regulator in activating genes encoding the main xylanolytic enzymes. However, large differences were found in the set of genes that is controlled by XlnR in the different species, resulting in the production of different extracellular enzyme spectra by these fungi. This comparison emphasizes the functional diversity of a fine-tuned (hemi-)cellulolytic regulatory system in filamentous fungi, which might be related to the adaptation of fungi to their specific biotopes. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001190.
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| 32. |
- Lepuschitz, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Multicenter Study of Cronobacter sakazakii Infections in Humans, Europe, 2017
- 2019
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 25:3, s. 515-522
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cronobacter sakazakii has been documented as a cause of life-threating infections, predominantly in neonates. We conducted a multicenter study to assess the occurrence of C. sakazakii across Europe and the extent of clonality for outbreak detection. National coordinators representing 24 countries in Europe were requested to submit all human C. sakazakii isolates collected during 2017 to a study center in Austria. Testing at the center included species identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, subtyping by whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and determination of antimicrobial resistance. Eleven countries sent 77 isolates, including 36 isolates from 2017 and 41 historical isolates. Fifty-nine isolates were confirmed as C. sakazakii by WGS, highlighting the challenge of correctly identifying Cronobacter spp. WGS-based typing revealed high strain diversity, indicating absence of multi-national outbreaks in 2017, but identified 4 previously unpublished historical outbreaks. WGS is the recommended method for accurate identification, typing, and detection of this pathogen.
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| 35. |
- Mach, H., et al.
(författare)
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On the enhanced E1 transitions in the K=3/2 parity doublet band in Ra-223
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 52:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have applied the fast timing beta gamma gamma(t) technique to remeasure lifetimes of selected states in Ra-223 populated in the beta(-) decay of Fr-223. T-1/2 = 587(12) ps and 210(13) ps have been obtained for the 3/2(-) and 5/2(-) states at 50.1 and 79.7 keV, that are more accurate than the previous values of 630(70) ps and 166(55) ps, respectively. Our vertical bar D0 vertical bar value of 0.155(10) e.fm obtained for the K = 3/2 configuration together with the available values of vertical bar D0 vertical bar for the K = 1/2 and K = 5/2 parity doublet bands establish the configuration dependence of vertical bar D0 vertical bar at low spins in this nucleus. Results of theoretical calculations performed for Ra-223, using the quasiparticle-phonon model (QPM) with inclusion of the Coriolis coupling, reasonably well reproduce octupole correlations in this nucleus.
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| 36. |
- Schlegel, C, et al.
(författare)
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K-isomers in very neutron-rich nuclei around mass 180
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. Topical Issues. - 0281-1847. ; T88, s. 72-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- gamma-spectroscopy methods have been used to search for microsecond isomers among the fragmentation products of a 1 GeV/nucleon Pb-208 beam. In particular the population of the known K-pi = 35/2(-) isomer in W-179 has been investigated and several new isomeric decays have been found for neutron rich nuclei in the A approximate to 180-200 mass region. The ground state band of the neutron rich N = 116 system of W-190 has been identified for the first time and we discuss its structure in comparison to neighboring systems.
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| 39. |
- Denifl, S, et al.
(författare)
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Ionization of doped helium nanodroplets : Complexes of C-60 with water clusters
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : American Institute of Physics. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 132:23, s. 234307-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water clusters are known to undergo an autoprotonation reaction upon ionization by photons or electron impact, resulting in the formation of (H2O)(n)H3O+. Ejection of OH cannot be quenched by near-threshold ionization; it is only partly quenched when clusters are complexed with inert gas atoms. Mass spectra recorded by electron ionization of water-doped helium droplets show that the helium matrix also fails to quench OH loss. The situation changes drastically when helium droplets are codoped with C-60. Charged C-60-water complexes are predominantly unprotonated; C-60(H2O)(4)(+) and (C-60)(2)(H2O)(4)(+) appear with enhanced abundance. Another intense ion series is due to C-60(H2O)(n)OH+; dehydrogenation is proposed to be initiated by charge transfer between the primary He+ ion and C-60. The resulting electronically excited C-60(+)* leads to the formation of a doubly charged C-60-water complex either via emission of an Auger electron from C-60(+)*, or internal Penning ionization of the attached water complex, followed by charge separation within {C-60(H2O)(n)}(2+). This mechanism would also explain previous observations of dehydrogenation reactions in doped helium droplets. Mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy scans reveal spontaneous (unimolecular) dissociation of C-60(H2O)(n)(+). In addition to the loss of single water molecules, a prominent reaction channel yields bare C-60(+) for sizes n=3, 4, or 6. Ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations for C-60-water complexes reveal negligible charge transfer within neutral complexes. Cationic complexes are well described as water clusters weakly bound to C-60(+). For n=3, 4, or 6, fissionlike desorption of the entire water complex from C-60(H2O)(n)(+) energetically competes with the evaporation of a single water molecule. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics.
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| 43. |
- Kjekshus, John, et al.
(författare)
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Rosuvastatin in older patients with systolic heart failure.
- 2007
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Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - 1533-4406. ; 357:22, s. 2248-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Patients with systolic heart failure have generally been excluded from statin trials. Acute coronary events are uncommon in this population, and statins have theoretical risks in these patients. METHODS: A total of 5011 patients at least 60 years of age with New York Heart Association class II, III, or IV ischemic, systolic heart failure were randomly assigned to receive 10 mg of rosuvastatin or placebo per day. The primary composite outcome was death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke. Secondary outcomes included death from any cause, any coronary event, death from cardiovascular causes, and the number of hospitalizations. RESULTS: As compared with the placebo group, patients in the rosuvastatin group had decreased levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (difference between groups, 45.0%; P<0.001) and of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (difference between groups, 37.1%; P<0.001). During a median follow-up of 32.8 months, the primary outcome occurred in 692 patients in the rosuvastatin group and 732 in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 1.02; P=0.12), and 728 patients and 759 patients, respectively, died (hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.05; P=0.31). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the coronary outcome or death from cardiovascular causes. In a prespecified secondary analysis, there were fewer hospitalizations for cardiovascular causes in the rosuvastatin group (2193) than in the placebo group (2564) (P<0.001). No excessive episodes of muscle-related or other adverse events occurred in the rosuvastatin group. CONCLUSIONS: Rosuvastatin did not reduce the primary outcome or the number of deaths from any cause in older patients with systolic heart failure, although the drug did reduce the number of cardiovascular hospitalizations. The drug did not cause safety problems. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00206310.)
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Mach, H., et al.
(författare)
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New structure information on Mg-30, Mg-31 and Mg-32
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-601X .- 1434-6001. ; 25, s. 105-109
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fast timing beta gamma gamma(t) method was applied to investigate the level lifetimes in Mg-30,Mg-31,Mg-32. Levels in Mg have been populated in beta and beta-delayed neutron emission of Na, at the ISOLDE facility. From the gamma gamma coincidences a number of new states have been identified and new level schemes were constructed for 30 31,32 Mg. The following preliminary half lives have been determined: T-1/2 = 3.9(4) ns for the 1789 keV state in Mg-30, T-1/2 = 133(8) ps and 10.5(8) us for the 221 keV and 461 keV states in Mg-31, respectively, and T1/2 = 16(4) ps for the 885 keV level in 32Mg. The 1789 keV level was established as a candidate for the intruder 0(+) configuration in Mg-30 with a possible strong E0 branch to the ground state.
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| 46. |
- Mineva, Milena, et al.
(författare)
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A New us Isomer in 136Sb Produced in the Projectile Fission of 238U
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - 1434-6001. ; 11, s. 9-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The neutron-rich isotope Sb-136 has been produced following the relativistic projectile fission of U-238 in an experiment performed at the Fragment Separator at GSI, Darmstadt. Delayed gamma -ray spectroscopy of the fission products has been performed after isotope separation. A new isomeric state in Sb-136 has been populated, and its lifetime measured as T-1/2 = 565(50) ns. Realistic and empirical shell-model calculations have been performed and are compared to the experimental observables.
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| 47. |
- Nap, M, et al.
(författare)
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Specificity and affinity of monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 52:8, s. 2329-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The binding specificities of 52 well-characterized monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) from 12 different research groups were studied by immunohistochemistry and immuno flow cytometry. In addition, the binding constant for the interaction between Mab and CEA was determined by a solution-phase assay. Cryostat sections of colon carcinoma and normal colon, stomach, liver, pancreas, and spleen were studied by immunohistochemistry. Peripheral blood granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes were assayed by immuno flow cytometry. The Mabs used here have previously been classified into five essentially nonoverlapping epitope groups (GOLD 1-5) (Cancer Res., 49: 4852-4858, 1989). Most Mabs cross-reacted with different normal tissues, ranging from highly cross-reactive Mabs (positive reaction with 8 of 9 discriminating tissues) to relatively specific Mabs (positive reaction with 1 of 9 discriminating tissues). Five Mabs (10%) were specific, reacting only with colon carcinoma, normal colon mucosa, and normal gastric foveola. There was a correlation between epitope group and binding specificity. Mabs with a high degree of CEA specificity almost exclusively belonged to epitope groups 1, 2, and 3, while highly cross-reactive Mabs belonged to epitope groups 4 and 5. There was no correlation between antibody specificity and affinity for CEA. Specific Mabs with high as well as low affinity were found.
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| 48. |
- Olaizola, B., et al.
(författare)
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High-sensitivity study of levels in Al-30 following beta decay of Mg-30
- 2016
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW C. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 94:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- gamma-ray and fast-timing spectroscopy were used to study levels in Al-30 populated following the beta(-) decay of Mg-30. Five new transitions and three new levels were located in Al-30. A search was made to identify the third 1(+) state expected at an excitation energy of similar to 2.5 MeV. Two new levels were found, at 3163.9 and 3362.5 keV, that are firm candidates for this state. Using the advanced time-delayed (ATD) beta gamma gamma (t) method we have measured the lifetime of the 243.8-keV state to be T-1/2 = 15(4) ps, which implies that the 243.8-keV transition is mainly of M1 character. Its fast B(M1; 2(+) -> 3(+)) value of 0.10(3) W.u. is in very good agreement with the USD shell-model prediction of 0.090 W.u. The 1801.5-keV level is the only level observed in this study that could be a candidate for the second excited 2(+) state.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Podolyak, Z., et al.
(författare)
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gamma-ray spectroscopy with a He-8 beam
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 511:3, s. 354-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The He-8 + Pb-208 reaction was studied in the first experiment with the EXOGAM germanium detector array using beam delivered by the SPIRAL facility. gamma-rays from direct and fusion-evaporation reactions were observed with high resolution. gamma-gamma coincidence data were obtained at a beam intensity level of 105 8He particles per second. Specially designed absorbers and beam detectors could further reduce the background radiation by orders of magnitude.
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