| 1. |
- Ramirez, Kelly S., et al.
(författare)
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Detecting macroecological patterns in bacterial communities across independent studies of global soils
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Microbiology. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2058-5276. ; 3:2, s. 189-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of high-throughput DNA sequencing methods provides unprecedented opportunities to further unravel bacterial biodiversity and its worldwide role from human health to ecosystem functioning. However, despite the abundance of sequencing studies, combining data from multiple individual studies to address macroecological questions of bacterial diversity remains methodically challenging and plagued with biases. Here, using a machine-learning approach that accounts for differences among studies and complex interactions among taxa, we merge 30 independent bacterial data sets comprising 1,998 soil samples from 21 countries. Whereas previous meta-analysis efforts have focused on bacterial diversity measures or abundances of major taxa, we show that disparate amplicon sequence data can be combined at the taxonomy-based level to assess bacterial community structure. We find that rarer taxa are more important for structuring soil communities than abundant taxa, and that these rarer taxa are better predictors of community structure than environmental factors, which are often confounded across studies. We conclude that combining data from independent studies can be used to explore bacterial community dynamics, identify potential 'indicator' taxa with an important role in structuring communities, and propose hypotheses on the factors that shape bacterial biogeography that have been overlooked in the past.
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| 2. |
- Abel, Christin, et al.
(författare)
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Vegetation resistance to increasing aridity when crossing thresholds depends on local environmental conditions in global drylands
- 2024
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Ingår i: Communications Earth and Environment. - 2662-4435. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The crossing of aridity thresholds triggers abrupt changes in multiple functional and structural ecosystem attributes across global drylands. While we understand the consequences associated with aridity thresholds, the key factors influencing dryland vegetation resistance when crossing them remain unclear. Here, we used field observations from 58 dryland sites across five continents and satellite remote sensing data (2000-2022) to show that plant richness, soil moisture dynamics and texture, and bare soil fraction are important variables contributing to vegetation resistance. Additionally, drought history (frequency and magnitude of past droughts) is important in interaction with plant richness and soil texture. Interestingly, plant species richness was negatively related to vegetation resistance, except in areas with higher drought history and in grasslands. Our results highlight that vegetation resistance depends on local environmental conditions. Enhancing our understanding of the factors important for vegetation resistance is an important step towards dryland conservation efforts and sustainable management strategies.
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| 3. |
- Mikryukov, Vladimir, et al.
(författare)
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Connecting the multiple dimensions of global soil fungal diversity
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science advances. - 2375-2548. ; 9:48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How the multiple facets of soil fungal diversity vary worldwide remains virtually unknown, hindering the management of this essential species-rich group. By sequencing high-resolution DNA markers in over 4000 topsoil samples from natural and human-altered ecosystems across all continents, we illustrate the distributions and drivers of different levels of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of fungi and their ecological groups. We show the impact of precipitation and temperature interactions on local fungal species richness (alpha diversity) across different climates. Our findings reveal how temperature drives fungal compositional turnover (beta diversity) and phylogenetic diversity, linking them with regional species richness (gamma diversity). We integrate fungi into the principles of global biodiversity distribution and present detailed maps for biodiversity conservation and modeling of global ecological processes.
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| 4. |
- Tedersoo, Leho, et al.
(författare)
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Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global change biology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2486 .- 1354-1013. ; 28:22, s. 6696-6710
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fungi are highly diverse organisms, which provide multiple ecosystem services. However, compared with charismatic animals and plants, the distribution patterns and conservation needs of fungi have been little explored. Here, we examined endemicity patterns, global change vulnerability and conservation priority areas for functional groups of soil fungi based on six global surveys using a high-resolution, long-read metabarcoding approach. We found that the endemicity of all fungi and most functional groups peaks in tropical habitats, including Amazonia, Yucatan, West-Central Africa, Sri Lanka, and New Caledonia, with a negligible island effect compared with plants and animals. We also found that fungi are predominantly vulnerable to drought, heat and land-cover change, particularly in dry tropical regions with high human population density. Fungal conservation areas of highest priority include herbaceous wetlands, tropical forests, and woodlands. We stress that more attention should be focused on the conservation of fungi, especially root symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi in tropical regions as well as unicellular early-diverging groups and macrofungi in general. Given the low overlap between the endemicity of fungi and macroorganisms, but high conservation needs in both groups, detailed analyses on distribution and conservation requirements are warranted for other microorganisms and soil organisms.
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