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- Singh, B., et al.
(författare)
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Study of doubly strange systems using stored antiprotons
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 954, s. 323-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bound nuclear systems with two units of strangeness are still poorly known despite their importance for many strong interaction phenomena. Stored antiprotons beams in the GeV range represent an unparalleled factory for various hyperon-antihyperon pairs. Their outstanding large production probability in antiproton collisions will open the floodgates for a series of new studies of systems which contain two or even more units of strangeness at the PANDA experiment at FAIR. For the first time, high resolution gamma-spectroscopy of doubly strange Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei will be performed, thus complementing measurements of ground state decays of Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei at J-PARC or possible decays of particle unstable hypernuclei in heavy ion reactions. High resolution spectroscopy of multistrange Xi(-) -atoms will be feasible and even the production of Omega(-) -atoms will be within reach. The latter might open the door to the vertical bar S vertical bar = 3 world in strangeness nuclear physics, by the study of the hadronic Omega(-) -nucleus interaction. For the first time it will be possible to study the behavior of Xi(+) in nuclear systems under well controlled conditions.
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- Barausse, Enrico, et al.
(författare)
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Prospects for fundamental physics with LISA
- 2020
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Ingår i: General Relativity and Gravitation. - : SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS. - 0001-7701 .- 1572-9532. ; 52:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper, which is of programmatic rather than quantitative nature, we aim to further delineate and sharpen the future potential of the LISA mission in the area of fundamental physics. Given the very broad range of topics that might be relevant to LISA,we present here a sample of what we view as particularly promising fundamental physics directions. We organize these directions through a "science-first" approach that allows us to classify how LISA data can inform theoretical physics in a variety of areas. For each of these theoretical physics classes, we identify the sources that are currently expected to provide the principal contribution to our knowledge, and the areas that need further development. The classification presented here should not be thought of as cast in stone, but rather as a fluid framework that is amenable to change with the flow of new insights in theoretical physics.
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- Arun, K. G., et al.
(författare)
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New horizons for fundamental physics with LISA
- 2022
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Ingår i: Living Reviews in Relativity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-8351 .- 2367-3613. ; 25:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the fundamental theory of nature at play in the extreme gravity regime, where the gravitational interaction is both strong and dynamical. In this white paper, the Fundamental Physics Working Group of the LISA Consortium summarizes the current topics in fundamental physics where LISA observations of gravitational waves can be expected to provide key input. We provide the briefest of reviews to then delineate avenues for future research directions and to discuss connections between this working group, other working groups and the consortium work package teams. These connections must be developed for LISA to live up to its science potential in these areas.
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- Antonelli, Massimo, et al.
(författare)
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Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2012. II : Pneumonia and infection, sepsis, coagulation, hemodynamics, cardiovascular and microcirculation, critical care organization, imaging, ethics and legal issues
- 2013
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Ingår i: Intensive Care Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0342-4642 .- 1432-1238. ; 39:3, s. 345-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 23. |
- Maggiore, Salvatore M, et al.
(författare)
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Alveolar derecruitment at decremental positive end-expiratory pressure levels in acute lung injury: comparison with the lower inflection point, oxygenation, and compliance
- 2001
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - 1535-4970. ; 164:5, s. 795-801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the hypothesis that recording multiple elastic pressure-volume (Pel/V) curves and calculating alveolar derecruitment (V(DER)) induced by decreasing positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may allow determination of alveolar closing pressures, thus helping to select the optimal PEEP level. V(DER) measured in 16 patients with acute lung injury (ALI) was compared with the lower inflection point (LIP) and oxygenation changes. A modified automated method was used to record multiple Pel/V curves at low constant flow. PEEP was decreased in 5-cm H(2)O steps, from 20 or 15 cm H(2)O to 0 cm H(2)O (ZEEP). V(DER) was the volume loss between the curves recorded from PEEP and from ZEEP at the same Pel. Derecruitment occurred at each PEEP decrement, being spread almost uniformly over the 20/15 to 0 cm H(2)O range. V(DER) was not correlated with LIP. V(DER) changes correlated with Pa(O(2))/FI(O(2)) changes (rho = 0.6, p = 0.02). Linear compliance at ZEEP was correlated to V(DER) at PEEP 15 cm H(2)O (rho = 0.9, p = 0.001), suggesting that compliance above LIP may reflect the amount of recruitable lung. Thus, alveolar closure in ALI occurs over a wide range of pressures, and LIP is a poor predictor of alveolar closure.
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- Richard, Jean-Christophe, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of tidal volume on alveolar recruitment. Respective role of PEEP and a recruitment maneuver
- 2001
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - 1535-4970. ; 163:7, s. 1609-1613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both reduction in tidal volume (VT) and alveolar recruitment may be important to limit ventilator-associated lung injury during mechanical ventilation of patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The aim of this study was to assess the risk of alveolar derecruitment associated with VT reduction from 10 to 6 ml/kg. Whether this VT-related derecruitment could be reversed, either by a recruitment maneuver or by an increase in positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level, was also investigated. Fifteen patients with ARDS were successively ventilated using conventional VT (CVT = 10 +/- 1 ml/kg) and low VT (LVT = 6 +/- 1 ml/ kg); total PEEP (PEEPtot) was individually set at the lower inflection point (Plip) of the pressure-volume curve (PEEPtot = 11 +/- 4 cm H(2)O). Pressure-volume curves were recorded from zero PEEP (ZEEP) and from PEEP, and recruited volume (Vrec) was calculated as the volume difference between the two curves for a given pressure. Despite a similar PEEPtot, Vrec was significantly lower with LVT than with CVT, indicating low VT-induced alveolar derecruitment. Reduction in VT was associated with a reduced Sa(O(2)). In 10 patients, Vrec was also measured before and after a recruitment maneuver (two sustained inflations at 45 cm H(2)O), and after an increase in PEEP (by 4 cm H(2)O). Low VT-induced derecruitment was reversed by a recruitment maneuver and by increasing PEEP. We conclude that a reduction in VT could be responsible for alveolar derecruitment, which may be transiently reversed by a reexpansion maneuver or prevented by a PEEP increase above Plip.
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| 28. |
- Richard, Jean-Christophe M., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of vertical positioning on gas exchange and lung volumes in acute respiratory distress syndrome
- 2006
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Ingår i: Intensive Care Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0342-4642 .- 1432-1238. ; 32:10, s. 1623-1626
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Supine position may contribute to the loss of aerated lung volume in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothesized that verticalization increases lung volume and improves gas exchange by reducing the pressure surrounding lung bases. Design and setting: Prospective observational physiological study in a medical ICU. Subjects and intervention: In 16 patients with ARDS we measured arterial blood gases, pressure-volume curves of the respiratory system recorded from positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP), and changes in lung volume in supine and vertical positions (trunk elevated at 45 degrees and legs down at 45 degrees). Measurements and results: Vertical positioning increased PaO2 significantly from 94 +/- 33 to 142 +/- 49 mmHg, with an increase higher than 40% in 11 responders. The volume at 20 cmH(2)O measured on the PV curve from PEEP increased using the vertical position only in responders (233 +/- 146 vs. -8 +/- 91 ml in nonresponders); this change was correlated to oxygenation change (p = 0.55). End-expiratory lung volume variation from supine to vertical and 1 h later back to supine, measured in 12 patients showed a significant increase during the 1-h upright period in responders (n =7) but not in nonresponders (n = 5; 215 +/- 220 vs. 10 +/- 22 ml), suggesting a time-dependent recruitment. Conclusions: Vertical positioning is a simple technique that may improve oxygenation and lung recruitment in ARDS patients.
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