| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Palmer, Nicholette D, et al.
(författare)
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A genome-wide association search for type 2 diabetes genes in African Americans.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PloS one. - San Francisco : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:1, s. e29202-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- African Americans are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2DM) yet few studies have examined T2DM using genome-wide association approaches in this ethnicity. The aim of this study was to identify genes associated with T2DM in the African American population. We performed a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) using the Affymetrix 6.0 array in 965 African-American cases with T2DM and end-stage renal disease (T2DM-ESRD) and 1029 population-based controls. The most significant SNPs (n = 550 independent loci) were genotyped in a replication cohort and 122 SNPs (n = 98 independent loci) were further tested through genotyping three additional validation cohorts followed by meta-analysis in all five cohorts totaling 3,132 cases and 3,317 controls. Twelve SNPs had evidence of association in the GWAS (P<0.0071), were directionally consistent in the Replication cohort and were associated with T2DM in subjects without nephropathy (P<0.05). Meta-analysis in all cases and controls revealed a single SNP reaching genome-wide significance (P<2.5×10(-8)). SNP rs7560163 (P = 7.0×10(-9), OR (95% CI) = 0.75 (0.67-0.84)) is located intergenically between RND3 and RBM43. Four additional loci (rs7542900, rs4659485, rs2722769 and rs7107217) were associated with T2DM (P<0.05) and reached more nominal levels of significance (P<2.5×10(-5)) in the overall analysis and may represent novel loci that contribute to T2DM. We have identified novel T2DM-susceptibility variants in the African-American population. Notably, T2DM risk was associated with the major allele and implies an interesting genetic architecture in this population. These results suggest that multiple loci underlie T2DM susceptibility in the African-American population and that these loci are distinct from those identified in other ethnic populations.
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| 4. |
- Uhlén, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics
- 2005
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 4:12, s. 1920-1932
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody-based proteomics provides a powerful approach for the functional study of the human proteome involving the systematic generation of protein-specific affinity reagents. We used this strategy to construct a comprehensive, antibody-based protein atlas for expression and localization profiles in 48 normal human tissues and 20 different cancers. Here we report a new publicly available database containing, in the first version, similar to 400,000 high resolution images corresponding to more than 700 antibodies toward human proteins. Each image has been annotated by a certified pathologist to provide a knowledge base for functional studies and to allow queries about protein profiles in normal and disease tissues. Our results suggest it should be possible to extend this analysis to the majority of all human proteins thus providing a valuable tool for medical and biological research.
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| 5. |
- Asif, Sana, et al.
(författare)
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Oxygen-charged HTK-F6H8 emulsion reduces ischemia : reperfusion injury in kidneys from brain-dead pigs
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Surgical Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4804 .- 1095-8673. ; 178:2, s. 959-967
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Prolonged cold ischemia is frequently associated with a greater risk of delayed graft function and enhanced graft failure. We hypothesized that media, combining a high oxygen-dissolving capacity with specific qualities of organ preservation solutions, would be more efficient in reducing immediate ischemia-reperfusion injury from organs stored long term compared with standard preservation media.Methods:Kidneys retrieved from brain-dead pigs were flushed using either cold histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) or oxygen-precharged emulsion composed of 75% HTK and 25% perfluorohexyloctane. After 18 h of cold ischemia the kidneys were transplanted into allogeneic recipients and assessed for adenosine triphosphate content, morphology, and expression of genes related to hypoxia, environmental stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.Results:Compared with HTK-flushed kidneys, organs preserved using oxygen-precharged HTK-perfluorohexyloctane emulsion had increased elevated adenosine triphosphate content and a significantly lower gene expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-alpha, JNK-1, p38, cytochrome-c, Bax, caspase-8, and caspase-3 at all time points assessed. In contrast, the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 was significantly increased.Conclusions:The present study has demonstrated that in brain-dead pigs the perfusion of kidneys with oxygen-precharged HTK-perfluorohexyloctane emulsion results in significantly reduced inflammation, hypoxic injury, and apoptosis and cellular integrity and energy content are well maintained. Histologic examination revealed less tubular, vascular, and glomerular changes in the emulsion-perfused tissue compared with the HTK-perfused counterparts. The concept of perfusing organs with oxygen-precharged emulsion based on organ preservation media represents an efficient alternative for improved organ preservation.
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| 6. |
- Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Body weight at age 20 and in midlife is more important than weight gain for coronary atherosclerosis: Results from SCAPIS.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 373, s. 46-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated body weight in adolescence is associated with early cardiovascular disease, but whether this association is traceable to weight in early adulthood, weight in midlife or to weight gain is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of midlife coronary atherosclerosis being associated with body weight at age 20, body weight in midlife and body weight change.We used data from 25,181 participants with no previous myocardial infarction or cardiac procedure in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS, mean age 57 years, 51% women). Data on coronary atherosclerosis, self-reported body weight at age 20 and measured midlife weight were recorded together with potential confounders and mediators. Coronary atherosclerosis was assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and expressed as segment involvement score (SIS).The probability of having coronary atherosclerosis was markedly higher with increasing weight at age 20 and with mid-life weight (p<0.001 for both sexes). However, weight increase from age 20 until mid-life was only modestly associated with coronary atherosclerosis. The association between weight gain and coronary atherosclerosis was mainly seen in men. However, no significant sex difference could be detected when adjusting for the 10-year delay in disease development in women.Similar in men and women, weight at age 20 and weight in midlife are strongly related to coronary atherosclerosis while weight increase from age 20 until midlife is only modestly related to coronary atherosclerosis.
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| 7. |
- Ellison, A, et al.
(författare)
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Fast SiC epitaxial growth in a chimney CVD reactor and HTCVD crystal growth developments
- 2000
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Ingår i: Materials science Forum, Vols. 338-342. - : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. - 0878498540 ; , s. 131-136
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The epitaxial growth of SiC is investigated in a CVD process based on a vertical hot-wall, or "chimney", reactor geometry. Carried out at increased temperatures (1650 to 1850 degreesC) and concentrations of reactants, the growth process enables epitaxial rates ranging from 10 to 50 mum/h. The growth rate is shown to be influenced by two competing processes: the supply of growth species in the presence of homogeneous gas-phase nucleation, and, the etching effect of the hydrogen carrier gas. The quality of thick (20 to 100 mum) low-doped 4H-SiC epitaxial layers grown at rates ranging between 10 and 25 mum/h are discussed in terms of thickness uniformity, surface morphology and purity. The feasibility of high voltage Schottky rectifiers (V-BR from 2 to similar to3.8 kV) on as-grown chimney CVD epilayers is reported. In a second part, recent developments of the High Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition (HTCVD) technique for SiC crystal growth are described. Using pure gases (SiH4 and C2H4) as source material and growth temperatures of 2100-2300 degreesC, this technique enables at present growth rates ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 mm/h. 6H and 4H-SiC crystals of thickness up to 7 mm and diameters up to 40 mm have been grown. We report micropipe densities of similar to 80 cm(-2) over areas of 0.5 cm(2) in 35 mm diameter 4H-SiC wafers sliced from HTCVD grown crystals. Undoped wafer demonstrators exhibit semi-insulating behavior with a bulk resistivity higher than 7.10(9) Omega cm at room temperature.
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| 8. |
- Faarinen, Mikko, et al.
(författare)
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Al-26 at the AMS facility in Lund
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 223-24, s. 130-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To broaden the AMS programme in Lund by including Al studies, a new injector has been installed and tested at the 3 MV Pelletron accelerator. Detailed optical calculations have been performed to obtain maximum mass and energy resolution. The design of the injector, the improvement in the resolution compared to the old injector, as well as preliminary tests with a Al-26-beam, are presented. By using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to measure the long-lived aluminium isotope Al-26 it has become possible to study the uptake, distribution and retention of aluminium in biological system under physiologically realistic conditions. Results from a pilot project on Al-26 in wheat plants are presented.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Grännö, O., et al.
(författare)
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Preclinical protein signatures in blood predict Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis several years before the diagnosis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis. - : Oxford University Press. - 1873-9946 .- 1876-4479. ; 18:Suppl. 1, s. I660-I661
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: We aimed to identify protein signatures predictive of a future diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods: We conducted a case-control study, nested within large population-based cohorts with biorepositories. Samples were obtained from individuals who later in life were diagnosed with IBD (preclinical cases) and compared with age and sex-matched individuals who remained free from IBD during follow-up (controls). Using proximity extension assays (Olink, Uppsala), we measured 176 proteins. We applied regularized logistic regression to identify protein signatures of preclinical disease in serum from the discovery cohort (n=312). Their performance was validated in an external preclinical cohort (n=222). The biological relevance of identified proteins was further assessed in an inception cohort (n=144). Finally, we used an IBD twin cohort (n=327) to examine the impact of genetic and shared environmental factors on identified proteins.Results: We identified 34 proteins associated with preclinical Crohn’s disease (CD) in the discovery cohort (Pfalse discovery rate <0.10), with 9 confirmed in the validation cohort (Pfalse discovery rate <0.05). For preclinical ulcerative colitis (UC), 45 proteins were identified and 12 validated (Fig. 1A-B). In the discovery cohort, a signature of 29 proteins differentiated preclinical CD cases from controls with an AUC of 0.85 (Fig. 1G). Its performance was confirmed when applied to the preclinical validation cohort (AUC=0.84, Fig. 1H). Moreover, the signature had excellent capacity to differentiate newly diagnosed CD from healthy controls in the inception cohort (AUC = 0.99, Fig. 1I). The preclinical UC signature had a significant, but albeit lower, predictive capacity in the discovery (AUC=0.77), validation (AUC=0.67) and inception cohort (AUC=0.90, Fig. 1G-I).15 of 17 proteins associated with preclinical IBD demonstrated significantly higher intra-pair correlation coefficients in healthy monozygotic- compared to dizygotic twin pairs, indicating an influence from genetic factors on the regulation of these protein markers. The preclinical signature for CD demonstrated an AUC of 0.87 when comparing twins with preclinical CD (n=10) to matched external healthy twins. However, its predictive capacity was lower when comparing preclinical CD twins with their healthy twin siblings (AUC=0.58), i.e., when accounting for genetic and shared environmental factors. The difference in AUC estimates in the twin cohort was not significant (P=0.07).
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Gällström, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Electronic Configuration of Tungsten in 4H-, 6H-, and 15R-SiC
- 2012
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Ingår i: Materials Science Forum Vols 717 - 720. - : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. - 9783037854198 ; , s. 211-216
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A commonly observed unidentified photoluminescence center in SiC is UD-1. In this report, the UD-1 center is identified to be tungsten related. The identification is based on (i) a W-doping study, the confirmation of W in the samples was made using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), (ii) the optical activation energy of the absorption of UD-1 in weakly n-type samples corresponds to the activation energy of the deep tungsten center observed using DLTS. The tungsten-related optical centers are reported in 4H-, 6H-, and 15R-SiC. Further, a crystal field model for a tungsten atom occupying a Si-site is suggested. This crystal field model is in agreement with the experimental data available: polarization, temperature dependence and magnetic field splitting.
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| 13. |
- Gällström, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Optical identification and electronic configuration of tungsten in 4H-and 6H-SiC
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physica. B, Condensed matter. - : Elsevier. - 0921-4526 .- 1873-2135. ; 407:10, s. 1462-1466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several optically observed deep level defects in SiC are still unidentified and little is published on their behavior. One of the commonly observed deep level defects in semi-insulating SiC is UD-1. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanThis report suggests that UD-1 is Tungsten related, based on a doping study and previously reported deep level transient spectroscopy data, as well as photo-induced absorption measurements. The electronic levels involved in the optical transitions of UD-1 are also deduced. The transitions observed in the photoluminescence of UD-1 are from a Gamma(C3v)(4), to two different final states, which transform according to Gamma(C3v)(5)circle plus Gamma(C3v)(6) and Gamma(C3v)(4), respectively.
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| 14. |
- Hellborg, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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A high resolution AMS-injector for the Pelletron in Lund
- 2002
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Ingår i: Pramana. - 0973-7111. ; 59:6, s. 1061-1073
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A high resolution injector system has recently been installed at the Lund 3 MV tandem Pelletron accelerator. The new injector, designed mainly for Al-26 ions, will increase the experimental potential of the Lund AMS facility considerably. High quality energy- and mass-resolution is obtained by using a 90degrees spherical electrostatic analyzer followed by a 90degrees magnetic analyzer. The injector is equipped with a high intensity sputtering source with a spherical ionizer. A new analytical technique for acceptance calculations as well as PC-based computational methods have been used in the design of the ion optical system of the new injector. Compared to our old injector system which has a magnetic analyzer with a bending angle of only 15degrees, the new system has a more than ten times better resolution. The beam optics of the new system is also better designed to match the accelerator acceptance. In this way the ion transmission from the ion source to the detector, for different ions of interest in our AMS programme, has been increased.
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| 15. |
- Hellborg, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerator mass spectrometry
- 2003
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Ingår i: Romanian Journal of Physics. - 1221-146X. ; 48:1-4, s. 27-37
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a world-wide spread technique and nearly 50 AMS laboratories exist today. The most widely spread application of AMS is for radiocarbon dating and an estimated total of nearly 100000 14C samples are measured per year. Other isotopes used are 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl, 41Ca, 129I. The number of these measured per year is estimated to be 10% of the number of 14C samples or even less
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| 16. |
- Hellborg, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerator mass spectrometry - an overview
- 2003
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Ingår i: Vacuum. - 0042-207X. ; 70:2-3, s. 365-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The technique of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has spread worldwide since its first demonstration 25 years ago. The equipment used today is very diverse and dedicated accelerators as well as old "nuclear physics machines" can be found in the nearly 50 AMS laboratories today. The most widely spread application of AMS is for radiocarbon dating. However, AMS with C-14 as well as with other long-lived isotopes have also found applications in many other fields in physics and beyond.
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| 17. |
- Höglund, Erik, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Ambulance quality and outcome measures for general non-conveyed populations (AQUA) : A scoping review
- 2024
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 19:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: An increasing number of patients receive ambulance care without being conveyed to a definitive care provider. This process has been described as complex, challenging, and lacking in guideline support by EMS clinicians. The use of quality- and outcome measures among non-conveyed patients is an understudied phenomenon.AIM: To identify current quality- and outcome measures for the general population of non-conveyed patients in order to describe major trends and knowledge gaps. METHODS: A scoping review of peer-reviewed original articles was conducted to identify quality- and outcome measures for non-conveyance within emergency medical services. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews statement (PRISMA-ScR) was followed. The PROSPERO and OSF database were checked for pending reviews or protocols. PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library database were searched for relevant articles. Searches were performed in November 2023. RESULTS: Thirty-six studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Mortality was the most used outcome measure, reported in 24 (67%) of the articles. Emergency department attendance and hospital admission were the following most used outcome measures. Follow-up durations varied substantially between both measures and studies. Mortality rates were found to have the longest follow-up times, with a median follow-up duration a little bit over one week. CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review shows that studies report a wide range of quality and outcome measures in the ambulance setting to measure non-conveyance. Reported quality and outcome measures were also heterogeneous with regard to their follow-up timeframe. The variety of approaches to evaluate non-conveyance poses challenges for future research and quality improvement. A more uniform approach to reporting and measuring non-conveyance is needed to enable comparisons between contexts and formal meta-analysis.
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| 18. |
- Höglund, Erik, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Ambulance quality and outcome measures for general non-conveyed populations (AQUA): A scoping review
- 2024
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 19:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background An increasing number of patients receive ambulance care without being conveyed to a definitive care provider. This process has been described as complex, challenging, and lacking in guideline support by EMS clinicians. The use of quality- and outcome measures among non-conveyed patients is an understudied phenomenon.Aim To identify current quality- and outcome measures for the general population of non-conveyed patients in order to describe major trends and knowledge gaps.Methods A scoping review of peer-reviewed original articles was conducted to identify quality- and outcome measures for non-conveyance within emergency medical services. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews statement (PRISMA-ScR) was followed. The PROSPERO and OSF database were checked for pending reviews or protocols. PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library database were searched for relevant articles. Searches were performed in November 2023.Results Thirty-six studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Mortality was the most used outcome measure, reported in 24 (67%) of the articles. Emergency department attendance and hospital admission were the following most used outcome measures. Follow-up durations varied substantially between both measures and studies. Mortality rates were found to have the longest follow-up times, with a median follow-up duration a little bit over one week.Conclusions This scoping review shows that studies report a wide range of quality and outcome measures in the ambulance setting to measure non-conveyance. Reported quality and outcome measures were also heterogeneous with regard to their follow-up timeframe. The variety of approaches to evaluate non-conveyance poses challenges for future research and quality improvement. A more uniform approach to reporting and measuring non-conveyance is needed to enable comparisons between contexts and formal meta-analysis.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Larsson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Improved energy and material efficiency using new tools for global optimisation of residue material flows
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Green Energy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1543-5075 .- 1543-5083. ; 3:2, s. 127-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Residue materials generated in the metallurgical industry have gained an increasing importance, both from the points of view of energy and material supply. A joint process integration model for the integrated steel plant system is developed and used in this paper. It takes into account both residue materials and energy recirculation for the system. The potential for increased recirculation and the effect on the system from an environmental point of view is presented, and implementations and practical experiences are discussed. The model developed can serve as a benchmark for different steelmaking operations and constitute a basis for the continuous work involved in material, energy, environment or economic analyses for the steel production system.
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| 22. |
- Lee, S. -K, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of the barrier height and enhancement of tunneling current of titanium contacts using embedded Au nano-particles on 4H and 6H silicon carbide
- 2002
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Ingår i: Materials Science Forum. - : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. - 0255-5476 .- 1662-9752. ; 389-393:2, s. 937-940
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated the electrical characteristics of Ti Schottky contacts with embedded Au nano-particles on various types of epilayers of SiC (4H- and 6H-SiC). From our current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements, we observed that Ti Schottky contacts with embedded Au nano-particles had 0.19 eV (n-4H-SiC) and 0.15 eV (n-6H-SiC) lower barrier height than those of particle free Ti Schottky contacts. In order to understand this reduction of the Schottky barrier height (SBH) for Ti Schottky contacts with embedded Au nano-particles, it has been proposed that SBH lowering is caused by an enhanced electric field due to the small size of the Au nano-particles and the large SBH difference. We have also tested these contacts on highly doped n-and p-type SiC material to study ohmic contacts using linear TLM measurements.
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| 23. |
- Lee, S. K., et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of the Schottky barrier height on silicon carbide using Au nano-particles
- 2002
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Ingår i: Solid-State Electronics. - 0038-1101 .- 1879-2405. ; 46:9, s. 1433-1440
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By the incorporation of size-selected Au nano-particles in Ti Schottky contacts on silicon carbide, we could observe considerably lower the barrier height of the contacts. This result could be obtained for both n- and p-type Schottky contacts using current-voltage and capacitance voltage measurements. For n-type Schottky contacts, we observed reductions of 0.19-0.25 eV on 4H-SiC and 0.15-0.17 eV on 6H-SiC as compared with particle-free Ti Schottky contacts. For p-type SiC, the reduction was a little lower with 0.02-0.05 eV on 4H- and 0.10-0.13 eV on 6H-SiC. The reduction of the Schottky barrier height is explained using a model with enhanced electric field at the interface due to the small size of the circular patch and the large difference of the barrier height between Ti and Au.
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| 24. |
- Lidman, Erik, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Corporate Bond Market and Bondholder Rights
- 2022
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Ingår i: OECD Papers. - Paris : OECD Publishing. - 1609-1914.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report provides a detailed account of the Swedish corporate bond market. Based on original data, it offers an overview of how the market has developed in the past two decades with respect to, among other things, size, issuer characteristics, risk profile and liquidity. In particular, it documents how the market has changed since the 2008 financial crisis and explores the increasingly important role of real estate companies in the local bond market. It also offers a comparison of the Swedish market with selected peer countries (European and non-European), both in terms of market structure and relevant regulation.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Magnusson, Carl-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Kritik av en kritiker
- 1995
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Magnusson, Carl Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Corporate Bond Market : Challenges and Policy Recommendations
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report provides an assessment of the Swedish corporate bond market and policy recommendations to improve its functioning, drawing from detailed empirical analysis and in-depth interviews with market participants. It includes two empirical chapters which provide insights into the market's evolution over the last two decades based on original data, emphasising changes since the 2008 financial crisis with respect to market size, issuer characteristics, credit quality, industry composition and investor universe. These developments are also considered in an international context, comparing the Swedish market with selected peer countries, both in Europe and elsewhere.
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| 30. |
- Malmgren, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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The complexity of kidney disease and diagnosing it - Cystatin C, selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes and proteome regulation.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 293:3, s. 293-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estimation of kidney function is often part of daily clinical practice, mostly done by using the endogenous GFR-markers creatinine or cystatin C. A recommendation to use both markers in parallel in 2010 has resulted in new knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of kidney disorders by identification of a new set of kidney disorders, selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes. These syndromes, connected to strong increases in mortality and morbidity, are characterised by a selective reduction in the glomerular filtration of 5-30 kDa molecules, such as cystatin C, compared to the filtration of small molecules < 1kDa dominating the glomerular filtrate e.g., water, urea, creatinine. At least two types of such disorders, shrunken or elongated pore syndrome, are possible according to the pore model for glomerular filtration. Selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes are prevalent in investigated populations, and patients with these syndromes often display normal measured GFR or creatinine-based GFR-estimates. The syndromes are characterised by proteomic changes promoting the development of atherosclerosis, indicating antibodies and specific receptor-blocking substances as possible new treatment modalities. Presently, the KDIGO guidelines for diagnosing kidney disorders do not recommend cystatin C as a general marker of kidney function and will therefore not allow the identification of a considerable number of patients with selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes. Furthermore, as cystatin C is uninfluenced by muscle mass, diet or variations in tubular secretion and cystatin C-based GFR-estimation equations do not require controversial race or sex terms, it is obvious that cystatin C should be a part of future KDIGO guidelines.
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| 31. |
- Nguyen, Son Tien, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Electronic structure of deep defects in SiC
- 2004
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Ingår i: Silicon Carbide: Recent Major Advances. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Verlag. - 9783540404583 - 3540404589 ; , s. -899
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the 1997 publication of Silicon Carbide - A Review of Fundamental Questions and Applications to Current Device Technology edited by Choyke, et al., there has been impressive progress in both the fundamental and developmental aspects of the SiC field. So there is a growing need to update the scientific community on the important events in research and development since then. The editors have again gathered an outstanding team of the world's leading SiC researchers and design engineers to write on the most recent developments in SiC. The book is divided into five main categories: theory, crystal growth, characterization, processing and devices. Every attempt has been made to make the articles as up-to-date as possible and assure the highest standards of accuracy. As was the case for earlier SiC books, many of the articles will be relevant a decade from now so that this book will take its place next to the earlier work as a permanent and essential reference volume.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Staff, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of IgM, IgA and IgE Antibodies in Colorectal Cancer Patients Vaccinated with a Recombinant CEA Protein
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Immunology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0271-9142 .- 1573-2592. ; 32:4, s. 855-865
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous clinical studies have indicated that natural IgM antibodies have the ability to induce apoptosis of tumor cells but IgE and IgA may also mediate tumor cell killing (in addition to IgG). The aim of the study was to analyse induction of IgM, IgA and IgE antibodies in patients vaccinated with the tumor associated antigen CEA. Twenty-four resected CRC patients without macroscopic disease were immunized seven times with CEA +/- GM-CSF. Four different dose schedules were used over a 12-month period. IgM, IgA and IgE antibody responses against recombinant CEA were determined by ELISA. Patients were monitored immunologically for 36 months and clinically for 147 months. GM-CSF significantly augmented the anti-CEA response for all three antibody classes. Low dose of CEA tended to induce a higher IgM, IgA or IgE anti-CEA antibody response than higher. Anti-CEA IgA antibodies could lyse CEA positive tumor cells in antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) as well as in complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). A significant correlation between survival and high IgA anti-CEA titers was noted (p = 0.02) irrespective of GM-CSF treatment. The observation that IgA anti-CEA antibodies were cytotoxic and associated with improved survival might indicate that also these antibodies may exert a clinical anti-tumor effect.
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| 35. |
- Ullenhag, Gustav J, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of IgG subclass responses in colorectal carcinoma patients vaccinated with recombinant carcinoembryonic antigen.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 62, s. 1364-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is scanty information on the IgG subclass response after vaccination against cancer antigens. The induction and development of the IgG subclass responses in 18 colorectal carcinoma patients vaccinated s.c. seven times with recombinant human carcinoembryonic antigen (rhCEA) over a 12-month period were analyzed by ELISA. The patients were followed for 3 years. Four rhCEA doses were used, and half of the patients also received granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjuvant. Anti-rhCEA-specific IgG1 and IgG4 responses and, to a lesser degree, IgG2 responses were markedly enhanced by concomitant GM-CSF administration, whereas the antigen dose was of minor importance. Almost no IgG3 response was observed. A significant antibody response was noted within the first weeks for IgG1 and IgG2 but noted several months later for IgG4. The responses gradually increased by repeated immunizations and peaked around 12 months for IgG1 and a few months later for IgG2 and IgG4. A sustained but reduced response was noted for these three subclasses at 24 and 36 months. Interestingly, there was a gradual shift from a predominant IgG1 response at 6 months to an IgG4 response at 15 months. No significant change in total concentrations of the four IgG subclasses was observed comparing prevaccination concentrations with concentrations at 12 months, indicating an antigen-specific effect of GM-CSF administration on the anti-rhCEA response. The clinical significance of the individual IgG subclass antibodies for tumor response is not clear and requires additional studies.
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| 36. |
- Wuttke, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:6, s. 957-972
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
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