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1.	Allentoft, Morten E., et al. (författare) Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia 2024 Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 625:7994, s. 301-311 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene1–5. Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced 317 genomes—mainly from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods—from across northern and western Eurasia. These were imputed alongside published data to obtain diploid genotypes from more than 1,600 ancient humans. Our analyses revealed a ‘great divide’ genomic boundary extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers were highly genetically differentiated east and west of this zone, and the effect of the neolithization was equally disparate. Large-scale ancestry shifts occurred in the west as farming was introduced, including near-total replacement of hunter-gatherers in many areas, whereas no substantial ancestry shifts happened east of the zone during the same period. Similarly, relatedness decreased in the west from the Neolithic transition onwards, whereas, east of the Urals, relatedness remained high until around 4,000 bp, consistent with the persistence of localized groups of hunter-gatherers. The boundary dissolved when Yamnaya-related ancestry spread across western Eurasia around 5,000 bp, resulting in a second major turnover that reached most parts of Europe within a 1,000-year span. The genetic origin and fate of the Yamnaya have remained elusive, but we show that hunter-gatherers from the Middle Don region contributed ancestry to them. Yamnaya groups later admixed with individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture before expanding into Europe. Similar turnovers occurred in western Siberia, where we report new genomic data from a ‘Neolithic steppe’ cline spanning the Siberian forest steppe to Lake Baikal. These prehistoric migrations had profound and lasting effects on the genetic diversity of Eurasian populations.
2.	Sand, Lars, et al. (författare) Prescence of Human Papilloma Viruses in Intraosseous Ameloblastoma 2000 Ingår i: J Oral Maxillofac SUrg. ; 58, s. 1129- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
3.	Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al. (författare) Risk factors for subarachnoid haemorrhage : a nationwide cohort of 950 000 adults 2019 Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 48:6, s. 2018-2025 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, with high mortality rate and substantial disability among survivors. Its causes are poorly understood. We aimed to investigate risk factors for SAH using a novel nationwide cohort consortium.METHODS: We obtained individual participant data of 949 683 persons (330 334 women) between 25 and 90 years old, with no history of SAH at baseline, from 21 population-based cohorts. Outcomes were obtained from the Swedish Patient and Causes of Death Registries.RESULTS: During 13 704 959 person-years of follow-up, 2659 cases of first-ever fatal or non-fatal SAH occurred, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 9.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) (7.4-10.6)/100 000 person-years] in men and 13.8 [(11.4-16.2)/100 000 person-years] in women. The incidence rate increased exponentially with higher age. In multivariable-adjusted Poisson models, marked sex interactions for current smoking and body mass index (BMI) were observed. Current smoking conferred a rate ratio (RR) of 2.24 (95% CI 1.95-2.57) in women and 1.62 (1.47-1.79) in men. One standard deviation higher BMI was associated with an RR of 0.86 (0.81-0.92) in women and 1.02 (0.96-1.08) in men. Higher blood pressure and lower education level were also associated with higher risk of SAH.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of SAH is 45% higher in women than in men, with substantial sex differences in risk factor strengths. In particular, a markedly stronger adverse effect of smoking in women may motivate targeted public health initiatives.
4.	Aspenberg, Per, et al. (författare) Targeting RANKL for reduction of bone loss around unstable implants: OPG-Fc compared to alendronate in a model for mechanically induced loosening 2011 Ingår i: BONE. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 8756-3282. ; 48:2, s. 225-230 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Orthopedic joint prostheses may loosen because of localized bone resorption. Despite initial optimism, there are no reports showing that bisphosphonates can stop the progression of prosthetic loosening once it has begun. This might be due to the strong resorptive stimulus, which continuously recruits new osteoclasts. Therefore, we hypothesized that a treatment targeting osteoclast recruitment would be more efficacious than a treatment reducing osteoclast activity. We used a previously described rat model for instability-induced bone resorption, and compared OPG-Fc with alendronate at a clinically relevant or an extreme dose. A titanium plate was osseointegrated at the rat tibial surface. Instability was simulated by a piston, moving perpendicularly to the bone surface. Piston movement induced bone loss via hydrostatic pressure or fluid flow. Rats were randomized to 5 groups (total n = 56), of which 4 were subjected to instability and one was stable. The unstable groups were injected with either high-dose OPG-Fc (10 mg/kg, twice weekly), a high dose of alendronate (20 mu g /kg/day), an extreme dose of alendronate (200 mu g/kg/day) or saline. Significant protection against resorption could only be shown for OPG-Fc and the extreme alendronate dose. Both alendronate doses reduced serum levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b to a similar extent, demonstrating that the lower dose was able to reduce resorption in the normally remodeling skeleton, although not in the osteolytic lesions caused by instability. Osteoclast numbers in the lesion were increased by the lower bisphosphonate dose and reduced by OPG-Fc. The results suggest the possibility of targeting osteoclast recruitment via the RANKL system in patients with impending prosthetic loosening.
5.	Blomberg, Per, 1969-, et al. (författare) Längdskala i visuell programmeringsmiljö : Learning Study på mellanstadiet 2019 Ingår i: Syntes 2019. - : Kommunförbundet Skåne. ; , s. 14-26 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Denna Learning study, genomförd på en mellanstadieskola i en medelstor kommun, fokuserar på kritiska aspekter som framkommer då elever lär längdskala och hur elever ges möjlighet att urskilja dessa kritiska aspekter i undervisning. Studien har avgränsats till hur skala kan introduceras och därefter vida- reutvecklas i en visuell programmeringsmiljö. Närmare bestämt betraktas dels innebörden av skrivsät- tet för längdskala, dels övergången från en- till tvådimensionell figur. Studiens huvudresultat pekarpå vikten av att noggrant introducera skala genom att koppla skrivsätten a:1 och 1:b till motsvarande bråkform a/1 och 1/b. Därigenom erbjuds elever möjligheten att erfara proportionellt tänkande och multiplikativa processer. Studien fann även att visuell programmeringsmiljö har potential att användas i undervisning för att variera och urskilja förstoring och förminskning av tvådimensionella figurer.
6.	Diaz, Sandra, et al. (författare) Hyperpolarized (3)He apparent diffusion coefficient MRI of the lung: Reproducibility and volume dependency in healthy volunteers and patients with emphysema. 2008 Ingår i: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1522-2586 .- 1053-1807. ; 27, s. 763-770 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PURPOSE: To measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of hyperpolarized (HP) (3)He gas using diffusion weighted MRI in healthy volunteers and patients with emphysema and examine the reproducibility and volume dependency. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of eight healthy volunteers and 16 patients with emphysema were examined after inhalation of HP (3)He gas mixed with nitrogen (N(2)) during breathhold starting from functional residual capacity (FRC) in supine position. Coronal diffusion-sensitized MR images were acquired. Each subject was imaged on three separate days over a seven-day period and received two different volumes (6% and 15% of total lung capacity [TLC]) of HP (3)He each day. ADC maps and histograms were calculated. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the ADC at different days and volumes were compared. RESULTS: The reproducibility of the mean ADC and SD over several days was good in both healthy volunteers and patients (SD range of 0.003-0.013 cm(2)/second and 0.001-0.009 cm(2)/second at 6% and 15% of TLC for healthy volunteers, and a SD range of 0.001-0.041 cm(2)/second and 0.001-0.011 cm(2)/second, respectively, for patients). A minor but significant increase in mean ADC with increased inhaled gas volume was observed in both groups. CONCLUSION: Mean ADC and SD of HP (3)He MRI is reproducible and discriminates well between healthy controls and patients with emphysema at the higher gas volume. This method is robust and may be useful to gain new insights into the pathophysiology and course of emphysema. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
7.	Diaz, Sandra, et al. (författare) Validity of apparent diffusion coefficient hyperpolarized He-3-MRI using MSCT and pulmonary function tests as references 2009 Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7727 .- 0720-048X. ; 71:2, s. 257-263 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: To compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements from hyperpolarized (HP) helium (He-3)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with quantitative data from multislice Computed Tomography (CT) (MSCT) of the whole lungs and pulmonary function tests (PFT). Materials and methods: Twenty-seven subjects, 22 with established emphysema and 5 with preclinical emphysema defined by PFT criteria, were examined with Hp He-3-MRI and MSCT. Mean age was 55 (+/- 12) years, 18 female and 9 male. Mean ADC from He-3-MRI was compared with emphysema index (EI), 15th percentile and mean lung density (MLD) values from MSCT. Both mean ADC and MSCT data were compared to PFT, especially percent of predicted diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (%predicted DLCO), using Pearson's correlation test. Results: Mean ADC and standard deviation values were 0.392 +/- 0.119 cm(2)/s for the established emphysema group and 0.216 +/- 0.046 for the pre-clinical emphysema group. MSCT values for the established emphysema group and pre-clinical emphysema group were: EI (%) 11 +/- 12 and 0.4 +/- 0.6, respectively; 15th percentile (Hounsfield Units (HU)), -956 +/- 25 and -933 +/- 13, respectively and MLD (HU) -877 +/- 20 and -863 +/- 15, respectively. Correlations between mean ADC and El and 15th percentile were both r=0.90 and for MLD r=0.59. There was higher correlation between mean ADC and %predicted DLCO (r=0.90) than between El and %predicted DLCO (r=0.76). Conclusion: Hp He-3-MRI correlates well with density measurements from MSCT and agrees better than MSCT with %predicted DLCO which is the PFT most related to emphysema. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
8.	Engelmark, Malin, et al. (författare) Polymorphisms in 9q32 and TSCOT are linked to cervical cancer in affected sib-pairs with high mean age at diagnosis 2008 Ingår i: Human Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-6717 .- 1432-1203. ; 123:5, s. 437-443 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Cervical cancer is a multifactorial disease influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. We have previously found linkage to 9q32 in a genomewide scan of affected sib-pairs (ASPs) with cervical cancer and to the thymic stromal co-transporter (TSCOT), a candidate gene in this region. Here we examined the contribution of 9q32 and TSCOT to cervical cancer susceptibility using at larger material of 641 ASPs, 278 of which were included in the earlier genome-scan. Since heritable forms of cancer frequently show stronger genetic effects in families with early onset of disease, we stratified the ASPs into two groups based on mean age at diagnosis (MAAD) within sib-pairs. Surprisingly, ASPs with high MAAD (30.5-47.5 years) showed increased sharing at all microsatellite markers at 9q31.1-33.1 and linkage signals of up to MLS = 2.74 for TSCOT SNPs, while ASPs with low MAAD (19-30 years) showed no deviation from random genetic sharing (MLS = 0.00). The difference in allelic sharing between the two MAAD strata was significant (P < 0.005) and is not likely to be explained by the HLA haplotype, a previously known genetic susceptibility factor for cervical cancer. Our results indicate locus heterogeneity in the susceptibility to cervical cancer between the two strata, with polymorphisms in the 9q32 region mainly showing an effect in women with high MAAD.
9.	Engelmark, M, et al. (författare) Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding thymic stromal co-transporter are linked to cervical cancer Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
10.	Gretarsdottir, Solveig, et al. (författare) Genome-wide association study identifies a sequence variant within the DAB2IP gene conferring susceptibility to abdominal aortic aneurysm 2010 Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 42:8, s. 71-692 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We performed a genome-wide association study on 1,292 individuals with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and 30,503 controls from Iceland and The Netherlands, with a follow-up of top markers in up to 3,267 individuals with AAAs and 7,451 controls. The A allele of rs7025486 on 9q33 was found to associate with AAA, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.21 and P = 4.6 x 10(-10). In tests for association with other vascular diseases, we found that rs7025486[A] is associated with early onset myocardial infarction (OR = 1.18, P = 3.1 x 10(-5)), peripheral arterial disease (OR = 1.14, P = 3.9 x 10(-5)) and pulmonary embolism (OR = 1.20, P = 0.00030), but not with intracranial aneurysm or ischemic stroke. No association was observed between rs7025486[A] and common risk factors for arterial and venous diseases-that is, smoking, lipid levels, obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Rs7025486 is located within DAB2IP, which encodes an inhibitor of cell growth and survival.
11.	Gunnarsson, Jonas, et al. (författare) Hematurispåret – en väg att snabbare diagnostisera blåscancer 2015 Ingår i: Svensk Urologi. ; :3, s. 38- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
12.	Haarhaus, Mathias, et al. (författare) Clinical significance of bone alkaline phosphatase isoforms, including the novel B1x isoform, in mild to moderate chronic kidney disease 2009 Ingår i: NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 24:11, s. 3382-3389 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background. Mineral bone disorder (MBD) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) even during the early stages. Bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) is a marker of bone fort-nation and plays a pivotal role in the mineralization process. Three BALP isoforms (B/I, B1 and B2) have been identified in healthy individuals and a fourth isoform (B1x) has been discovered in serum from dialysis patients. We investigated these BALP isoforms, type I procollagen intact amino-terminal propeptide (PINP), carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRACP5b), as well as bone mineral density (BMD) in predialysis CKD patients. Methods. PINP, CTX, TRACP5b and BALP isoforms were analysed in serum from 46 patients within CKD stages 3-5. BMD was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results. PINP, TRACP5b and the BALP isoforms, B/I, B1 and B2, were independent predictors of total hip BMD in all patients. Furthermore, B/I predicted osteopaenia in the hip and in the distal 1/3 of the radius in CKD stage 3. The B1x isoform was detected in nine patients (20%), who had lower GFR, higher phosphate and calcium x phosphate product. Conclusion. We found an association of BALP isoforms and other markers of bone turnover with total hip BMD, which predominantly comprises trabecular bone. The association of the new BALP isoform B1x with risk factors for vascular calcification leads us to hypothesize a possible role for B1x in this process. The significance of the BALP isoforms in CKD remains to be further explored in experimental and clinical settings in conjunction with bone histomorphometry.
13.	Haarhaus, Mathias, 1967-, et al. (författare) Evaluation of bio-intact (1-84) parathyroid hormone, vitamin D status and bond mineral density in patients with predialysis chronic renal failure 2004 Ingår i: ASN Renal Week,2004. Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
14.	Hsiao, Ching-Lien, et al. (författare) Curved-lattice epitaxial growth of chiral AlInN twisted nanorods for optical applications 2012 Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Despite of using chiral metamaterials to manipulate light polarization states has been demonstrated their great potential for applications such as invisible cloaks, broadband or wavelength-tunable circular polarizers, microreflectors, etc. in the past decade [1-6], operating wavelength in ultraviolet-visible range is still a challenge issue. Since these chiral structures often consist of metallic materials, their operation is designed for the infrared and microwave regions [2-4]. Here, we show how a controlled curved-lattice epitaxial growth (CLEG) of wide-bandgap AlInN semiconductor curved nanocrystals [7] can be exploited as a novel route for tailoring chiral nanostructures in the form of twisted nanorods (TNRs). The fabricated TNRs are shown to reflect light with a high degree of polarization as well as a high degree of circular polarization (that is, nearly circularly polarized light) in the ultravioletvisible region. The obtained polarization is shown to be dependent on the handedness of the TNRs.
15.	Hsiao, Ching-Lien, et al. (författare) Curved-Lattice Epitaxial Growth of InxAl1-xN Nanospirals with Tailored Chirality 2015 Ingår i: Nano letters (Print). - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 15:1, s. 294-300 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Chirality, tailored by external morphology and internal composition, has been realized by controlled curved-lattice epitaxial growth (CLEG) of uniform coatings of single-crystalline InxAl1-xN nanospirals. The nanospirals are formed by sequentially stacking segments of curved nanorods on top of each other, where each segment is incrementally rotated around the spiral axis. By controlling the growth rate, segment length, rotation direction, and incremental rotation angle, spirals are tailored to predetermined handedness, pitch, and height. The curved morphology of the segments is a result of a lateral compositional gradient across the segments while maintaining a preferred crystallographic growth direction, implying a lateral gradient in optical properties as well. Left- and right-handed nanospirals, tailored with 5 periods of 200 nm pitch, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, exhibit uniform spiral diameters of ~80 nm (local segment diameters of ~60 nm) with tapered hexagonal tips. High resolution electron microscopy, in combination with nanoprobe energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and valence electron energy loss spectroscopy, show that individual nanospirals consist of an In-rich core with ~15 nm-diameter hexagonal cross-section, comprised of curved basal planes. The core is surrounded by an Al-rich shell with a thickness asymmetry spiraling along the core. The ensemble nanospirals, across the 1 cm2 wafers, show high in-plane ordering with respect to shape, crystalline orientation, and direction of compositional gradient. Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry shows that the tailored chirality is manifested in the polarization state of light reflected off the CLEG nanospiral-coated wafers. In that, the polarization state is shown to be dependent on the handedness of the nanospirals and the wavelength of the incident light in the ultraviolet-visible region.
16.	Jackmann, Natalja, 1968-, et al. (författare) Demographic and Disease-Related Factors Impact Bone Turnover and Vitamin D in Children with Hemato-Oncological Diseases Ingår i: JBMR plus. - 2473-4039. Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
17.	Jackmann, Natalja, et al. (författare) Demographic and disease-related factors impact bone turnover and vitamin D in children with hemato-oncological diseases 2024 Ingår i: JBMR PLUS. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 2473-4039. ; 8:4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Children with hemato-oncological diseases may have significant skeletal morbidity, not only during and after treatment but also at the time of diagnosis before cancer treatment. This study was designed to evaluate the vitamin D status and circulating bone metabolic markers and their determinants in children at the time of diagnostic evaluation for hemato-oncological disease. This cross-sectional study included 165 children (91 males, median age 6.9 yr range 0.2-17.7 yr). Of them, 76 patients were diagnosed with extracranial or intracranial solid tumors, 83 with leukemia, and 6 with bone marrow failure. Bone metabolism was assessed by measuring serum 25OHD, PTH, bone alkaline phosphatase, intact N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 30.9% of children. Lower 25OHD levels were associated with older age, lack of vitamin D supplementation, season outside summer, and a country of parental origin located between latitudes -45 degrees and 45 degrees. Children diagnosed with leukemia had lower levels of markers of bone formation and bone resorption than those who had solid tumors or bone marrow failure. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency was observed in one-third of children with newly diagnosed cancer. Bone turnover markers were decreased in children with leukemia, possibly because of the suppression of osteoblasts and osteoclasts by leukemic cells. The identification of patients with suboptimal vitamin D status and compromised bone remodeling at cancer diagnosis may aid in the development of supportive treatment to reduce the adverse effects of cancer and its treatment.
18.	Jackmann, Natalja, 1968-, et al. (författare) Demographic and disease-related factors impact bone turnover and vitamin D in children with hemato-oncological diseases 2024 Ingår i: JBMR Plus. - : Oxford University Press. - 2473-4039. ; 8:4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Children with hemato-oncological diseases may have significant skeletal morbidity, not only during and after treatment but also at the time of diagnosis before cancer treatment. This study was designed to evaluate the vitamin D status and circulating bone metabolic markers and their determinants in children at the time of diagnostic evaluation for hemato-oncological disease.This cross-sectional study included 165 children (91 males, median age 6.9 yr range 0.2–17.7 yr). Of them, 76 patients were diagnosed with extracranial or intracranial solid tumors, 83 with leukemia, and 6 with bone marrow failure. Bone metabolism was assessed by measuring serum 25OHD, PTH, bone alkaline phosphatase, intact N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen.Vitamin D deficiency was found in 30.9% of children. Lower 25OHD levels were associated with older age, lack of vitamin D supplementation, season outside summer, and a country of parental origin located between latitudes −45° and 45°. Children diagnosed with leukemia had lower levels of markers of bone formation and bone resorption than those who had solid tumors or bone marrow failure.In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency was observed in one-third of children with newly diagnosed cancer. Bone turnover markers were decreased in children with leukemia, possibly because of the suppression of osteoblasts and osteoclasts by leukemic cells. The identification of patients with suboptimal vitamin D status and compromised bone remodeling at cancer diagnosis may aid in the development of supportive treatment to reduce the adverse effects of cancer and its treatment.
19.	Josefsson, Agnetha M., et al. (författare) Viral load of human papilloma virus 16 as a determinant for development of cervical carcinoma in situ : a nested case-control study 2000 Ingår i: The Lancet. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 355:9222, s. 2189-2193 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV), which is common among young women, increases the risk of cervical cancer. However, less than 1% of young women positive for oncogenic types of HPV develop cervical cancer. We investigated whether the amount of HPV DNA is a useful predictor of progression to cervical carcinoma in situ. METHODS: We estimated the amount of HPV 16 DNA by a PCR that uses the 5'-exonuclease (Taqman) method, in 478 women with cervical carcinoma in situ and 608 individually matched controls. To adjust for differences in the amount of genomic DNA between samples, we estimated the amount of a nuclear gene (beta-actin). We studied multiple smears (total 3835 archived samples) from each woman, taken over periods of up to 26 years, that covered normal cytology to development of cervical cancer. FINDINGS: The risk of cervical carcinoma in situ increased with the amount of HPV 16 DNA. Analysis of the first smear from each woman, collected a mean of 7.8 years before cancer diagnosis, showed that women with the 20% highest amount of HPV 16 DNA were at a 60-fold higher risk of developing cervical carcinoma in situ than women negative for HPV 16. The first smear samples were classified as normal by squamous-cell cytology. INTERPRETATION: Analysis of the amount of HPV DNA can predict cancer risk at a stage when current screening methods are uninformative. Testing for the amount of HPV 16 DNA during gynaecological health checks might strikingly improve our ability to distinguish between infections that have a high or low risk of progressing into cervical cancer.
20.	Kristensson, Per, et al. (författare) Users as a hidden resource for creativity : findings from an experimental study on user involvement 2002 Ingår i: Creativity and Innovation Management. - : Wiley. - 1467-8691 .- 0963-1690. ; 11:1, s. 55-61 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The main objective of this article is to report the empirical findings from a study on user involvement in service innovation. In doing this, we seek to answer the question of how user involvement affects the originality of new service ideas. An experimental investigation was carried out which included 54 participants arranged into three groups of creative users, ordinary users and professional service developers. The empirical data revealed that the users produced more original ideas than the company’s professional service developers. It is thus suggested that business organizations attempt to innovate original products would benefit from involving their customers.
21.	Locke, Adam E, et al. (författare) Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology. 2015 Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
22.	Magnusson, Per, 1962-, et al. (författare) Bone alkaline phosphatase isoforms in chronic renal failure 2002 Ingår i: Kidney International. - 0085-2538 .- 1523-1755. ; 61, s. 1178-1181 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
23.	Magnusson, Per, et al. (författare) Bone alkaline phosphatase isoforms in chronic renal failure - Reply 2002 Ingår i: Kidney International. - 0085-2538 .- 1523-1755. ; 61:3 Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
24.	Magnusson, Per, 1962-, et al. (författare) D-vitaminanalyser i primärvård måste användas ändamålsenligt [Appropriate use of vitamin D assessments in primary health care] : Ny strategi i Östergötland för införande och uppföljning av analyser gav bra resultat [Impact of new strategies for the introduction and follow-up of analyses in Östergötland] 2019 Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Fagersta, Sweden : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 116, s. 1-4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Hälso- och sjukvårdslagen föranstaltar om en kostnadseffektiv och jämlik diagnostik inom den svenska hälso- och sjukvården. Samtidigt ökar efterfrågan på laboratorietest mer än annan medicinsk aktivitet, och utvecklingen leder även till att utbudet av laboratorietest ökar [1]. Vårdens generella resursbrist har lett till ökad betoning på värdeskapande testanvändning globalt [2] med fokus på såväl underanvändning av test (försenar korrekt diagnos och adekvat behandling) som överanvändning (medför överdiagnostik och resursslöseri) [3].Som en följd av denna utveckling har laboratorieverksamheten inom Region Östergötland initierat strategier med syfte att åstadkomma en mer rationell användning av laboratoriemedicinska analyser. Detta har skett genom en aktivare uppföljning av beställningsmönster åtföljd av information och feedback i relation till observerade beställningsmönster. År 2016 initierades s k KRAMA-strategier (KRAMA = Kompetensgruppen för rationell användning av medicinsk diagnostik i alla delar av vårdkedjan) (Figur 1). En viktig ambition var att överge ett passivt testinförande till förmån för ett mer effektivt införande i kombination med aktiv uppföljning av beställningsmönster.
25.	Magnusson, Per, 1962-, et al. (författare) Effect of chronic renal failure on bone turnover and bone alkaline phosphatase isoforms. 2001 Ingår i: Kidney International. - 0085-2538 .- 1523-1755. ; 60, s. 257-265 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
26.	Magnusson, Per, 1962-, et al. (författare) Isoforms of bone alkaline phosphatase : carachterization and origin in human trabecular and cortical bone. 1999 Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 14, s. 1926-1933 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
27.	Magnusson, Peter R, 1960-, et al. (författare) Managing User Involvement in Service Innovation : Experiments with Innovating End-Users 2003 Ingår i: Journal of Service Research. - Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications. - 1094-6705 .- 1552-7379. ; 6:2, s. 111-124 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Although user involvement is frequently practiced in companies, the research findings regarding its benefits for innovation are contradictory. This article experimentally assesses the contributions made by users in comparison with professional service developers and examines how the implementation of user involvement affects the outcome. During periods of 12 days, three different groups were assigned the task of generating ideas for end user telecom services. One group consisted of professional de signers, whereas the other two consisted of ordinary users. The users in one of the groups coped with idea creation by themselves, whereas the other group consulted a service design expert at two controlled meetings who provided feedback regarding technical feasibility. Involving users makes the ideas more original, holding a higher perceived user value, but the users’ideas are less producible on aver-age. The outcome was also affected by how user involvement was implemented. Scholarly and managerial implications conclude the article.
28.	Magnusson, Peter S., et al. (författare) SimICS/sun4m : A virtual workstation 2019 Ingår i: USENIX 1998 Annual Technical Conference. - New Orleans, LA, USA : USENIX Association. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract System level simulators allow computer architects and system software designers to recreate an accurate and complete replica of the program behavior of a target system, regardless of the availability, existence, or instrumentation support of such a system. Applications include evaluation of architectural design alternatives as well as software engineering tasks such as traditional debugging and performance tuning. We present an implementation of a simulator acting as a virtual workstation fully compatible with the sun4m architecture from Sun Microsystems. Built using the system-level SPARC V8 simulator SimICS, SimICS/sun4m models one or more SPARC V8 processors, supports user-developed modules for data cache and instruction cache simulation and execution profiling of all code, and provides a symbolic and performance debugging environment for operating systems. SimICS/sun4m can boot unmodified operating systems, including Linux 2.0.30 and Solaris 2.6, directly from snapshots of disk partitions. To support essentially arbitrary code, we implemented binary-compatible simulators for several devices, including SCSI, console, interrupt, timers, EEPROM, and Ethernet. The Ethernet simulation hooks into the host and allows the virtual workstation to appear on the local network with full services available (NFS, NIS, rsh, etc). Ethernet and console traffic can be recorded for future playback. The performance of SimICS/sun4m is sufficient to run realistic workloads, such as the database benchmark TPC-D, scaling factor 1/100, or an interactive network application such as Mozilla. The slowdown in relation to native hardware is in the range of 25 to 75 (measured using SPECint95). We also demonstrate some applications, including modeling an 8-processor sun4m version (which does not exist), modeling future memory hierarchies, and debugging an operating system.
29.	Wahl, Joel, et al. (författare) Comparison between process simulation and deformation measured by defocused speckle photography 2018 Ingår i: Speckle 2018. - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. - 9781510622975 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Defocused laser speckle photography is used as a tool to measure the heat responses in a titanium component during laser heating. The evolution of the response is compared with a set of preprocessed Finite Element Simulations of the corresponding process with the aim to verify the simulation model and to find the simulation settings that best resemble the experimental results. The titanium component consists of a 300 x 100 mm2 substrate of thickness 3.2 mm on which a 200 x 30 x 11 mm3 ridge is built up using the laser metal deposition by wire process. The component is heated on the top of the ridge by a 300 W laser for 10 s and the deformation of the subtrate is followed throughout the heating-cooling cycle. The simulated deformation gradient is shown to resemble the measured response, and the magnitude of the response indicates that about 70 % of the laser power transferres into heat in the metal.
30.	Ylitalo, Nathalie, et al. (författare) A prospective study showing long-term infection with human papillomavirus 16 before the development of cervical carcinoma in situ 2000 Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 60:21, s. 6027-6032 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) is a predominant cause of cervical neoplasia. However, no population-based study with long-term follow-up has clarified the temporal relationship between HPV16 infection and occurrence of carcinoma in situ, or the importance of recurrent or persistent infection. This nested case-control study was carried out in a population-based cohort of women participating in cytological screening whose initial smear, taken in 1969-1995, was normal. During up to 26 years of follow-up, carcinoma in situ was diagnosed in 484 eligible women. Archival smears from these women were compared with smears from 619 individually matched controls. After DNA extraction, a highly sensitive PCR system was used to detect HPV16. Among case women, the prevalence of HPV16 positivity was 56% at the time of diagnosis. The relative risk of cervical carcinoma in situ increased from 3.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.2-11.0) 13 years before diagnosis to 11.1 (95% confidence interval, 5.5-22.2) 1 year before diagnosis. Having a positive smear at entry to the cohort increased risk >5-fold, whereas having persistent infection with HPV in two subsequent smears increased risk 30-fold. We estimated that among HPV16-positive women, the median incubation period from infection to carcinoma in situ was 7-12 years. We conclude that evidence of persistent and/or recurrent infection is associated with a drastically higher risk of cervical carcinoma in situ than occasional infection with HPV16.
31.	Ahlqvist, Viktor H, et al. (författare) Birth Weight and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among Young Men Born at Term : The Role of Genetic and Environmental Factors 2020 Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 9:3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Preterm delivery and low birth weight are prospectively associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). However, whether birth weight, within the at-term range, is associated with later CRF is largely unknown. Thus, the aim of the current study was to examine this issue and whether such association, if any, is explained by shared and/or nonshared familial factors.Methods and Results: We conducted a prospective cohort study, including 286 761 young male adults and a subset of 52 544 siblings born at-term. Objectively measured data were retrieved from total population registers. CRF was tested at conscription and defined as the maximal load obtained on a cycle ergometer. We used linear and nonlinear and fixed-effects regression analyses to explore associations between birth weight and CRF. Higher birth weight, within the at-term range, was strongly associated with increasing CRF in a linear fashion. Each SD increase in birth weight was associated with an increase of 7.9 (95% CI, 7.8-8.1) and 6.6 (95% CI; 5.9-7.3) Wmax in the total and sibling cohorts, respectively. The association did not vary with young adulthood body mass index.Conclusions: Birth weight is strongly associated with increasing CRF in young adulthood among men born at-term, across all categories of body mass index. This association appears to be mainly driven by factors that are not shared between siblings. Hence, CRF may to some extent be determined already in utero. Prevention of low birth weight, also within the at-term-range, can be a feasible mean of increasing adult CRF and health.
32.	Ahlqvist, Viktor H., et al. (författare) Birth weight and grip strength in young Swedish males : a longitudinal matched sibling analysis and across all body mass index ranges 2019 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 9 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Low birth weight is associated with a lower grip strength later in life. However, associations between birth weight among infants born at-term and factors driving associations between birth weight and grip strength are largely unknown. A cohort of 144,369 young men born at-term, including 10,791 individuals who had at least one male sibling/s, were followed until conscription where they performed a grip strength test. We used linear and non-linear regression analyses in the full cohort, and fixed-effects regression analyses in the sibling cohort, to address confounding by factors that are shared between siblings. After adjustment, each unit increase in birth weight z-score was associated with increases of 17.7 (95% CI, 17.2-18.2) and 13.4 (10.1-16.6) newton grip strength, which converts to approximately 1.8 and 1.4 kilogram-force in the full and within-families cohorts, respectively. The associations did not vary with young adulthood BMI. Birth weight, within the at-term range, is robustly positively associated with grip strength in young adulthood among men across all BMI categories and associations appears to be mainly driven by factors that are not shared between siblings. These findings underline the importance of recognizing the influence of low birth weight, also within the at-termrange, on young adulthood muscle strength.
33.	Ahlqvist, Viktor H., et al. (författare) Caesarean section and its relationship to offspring general cognitive ability : a registry-based cohort study of half a million young male adults 2022 Ingår i: Evidence-Based Mental Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1362-0347 .- 1468-960X. ; 25, s. 7-14 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: A relationship between caesarean section and offspring cognitive ability has been described, but data are limited, and a large-scale study is needed.Objective: To determine the relationship between mode of delivery and general cognitive ability.Methods: A cohort of 579 244 singleton males, born between 1973 and 1987 who conscripted before 2006, were identified using the Swedish population-based registries. Their mode of delivery was obtained from the Swedish Medical Birth registry. The outcome measure was a normalised general cognitive test battery (mean 100, SD 15) performed at military conscription at around age 18.Findings: Males born by caesarean section performed poorer compared with those born vaginally (mean score 99.3 vs 100.1; adjusted mean difference -0.84; 95% CI -0.97 to -0.72; p<0.001). Both those born by elective (99.3 vs 100.2; -0.92; 95% CI -1.24 to -0.60; p<0.001) and non-elective caesarean section (99.2 vs 100.2; -1.03; 95% CI -1.34 to -0.72; p=0.001), performed poorer than those born vaginally. In sibling analyses, the association was attenuated to the null (100.9 vs 100.8; 0.07; 95% CI -0.31 to 0.45; p=0.712). Similarly, neither elective nor non-elective caesarean section were associated with general cognitive ability in sibling analyses.Conclusion: Birth by caesarean section is weakly associated with a lower general cognitive ability in young adult males. However, the magnitude of this association is not clinically relevant and seems to be largely explained by familial factors shared between siblings.Clinical implication: Clinicians and gravidas ought not to be concerned that the choice of mode of delivery will impact offspring cognitive ability.
34.	Al-Husseini, Ali, et al. (författare) Long-term postural control in elite athletes following mild traumatic brain injury 2022 Ingår i: Frontiers in Neurology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-2295. ; 13 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Traumas to the head and neck are common in sports and often affects otherwise healthy young individuals. Sports-related concussions (SRC), defined as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), may inflict persistent neck and shoulder pain, and headache, but also more complex symptoms, such as imbalance, dizziness, and visual disturbances. These more complex symptoms are difficult to identify with standard health care diagnostic procedures.Objective: To investigate postural control in a group of former elite athletes with persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) at least 6 months after the incident.Method: Postural control was examined using posturography during quiet stance and randomized balance perturbations with eyes open and eyes closed. Randomized balance perturbations were used to examine motor learning through sensorimotor adaptation. Force platform recordings were converted to reflect the energy used to maintain balance and spectrally categorized into total energy used, energy used for smooth corrective changes of posture (i.e., <0.1 Hz), and energy used for fast corrective movements to maintain balance (i.e., >0.1 Hz).Results: The mTBI group included 20 (13 males, mean age 26.6 years) elite athletes with PPCS and the control group included 12 athletes (9 males, mean age 26.4 years) with no history of SRC. The mTBI group used significantly more energy during balance perturbations than controls: +143% total energy, p = 0.004; +122% low frequency energy, p = 0.007; and +162% high frequency energy, p = 0.004. The mTBI subjects also adapted less to the balance perturbations than controls in total (18% mTBI vs. 37% controls, p = 0.042), low frequency (24% mTBI vs. 42% controls, p = 0.046), and high frequency (6% mTBI vs. 28% controls, p = 0.040). The mTBI subjects used significantly more energy during quiet stance than controls: +128% total energy, p = 0.034; +136% low-frequency energy, p = 0.048; and +109% high-frequency energy, p = 0.015.Conclusion: Athletes with previous mTBI and PPCS used more energy to stand compared to controls during balance perturbations and quiet stance and had diminished sensorimotor adaptation. Sports-related concussions are able to affect postural control and motor learning.
35.	Ali, Sharafat, Associate Professor, 1976-, et al. (författare) Effect of O/N content on the phase, morphology, and optical properties of titanium oxynitride thin films 2023 Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 58, s. 10975-10985 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Phase formation, morphology, and optical properties of Ti(O,N) thin films with varied oxygen-to- nitrogen ration content were investigated. The films were deposited by magnetron sputtering at 500°C on Si(100) and c-plane sapphire substrate. A competition between a NaCl B1 structure TiN1-xOx, a rhombohedral structure Ti2(O1-yNy)3, and an anatase structure Ti(O1-zNz)2 phase was observed. While the N-rich films were composed of a NaCl B1 TiN1-xOx phase, an increase of oxygen in the films yields the growth of rhombohedral Ti2(O1-yNy)3 phase and the oxygen-rich films are comprised of a mixture of the rhombohedral Ti2(O1-yNy)3 phase and anatase Ti(O1-zNz)2 phase. The optical properties of the films were correlated to the phase composition and the observation of abrupt changes in terms of refractive index and absorption coefficient. The oxide film became relatively transparent in the visible range while the addition of nitrogen into films increases the absorption. The oxygen rich-samples have bandgap values below 3.75 eV, which is higher than the value for pure TiO2, and lower than the optical bandgap of pure TiN. The optical properties characterizations revealed the possibility of adjusting the band gap and the absorption coefficient depending on the N-content, because of the phases constituting the films combined with anionic substitution.
36.	Ali, Sharafat, et al. (författare) Novel transparent Mg-Si-O-N thin films with high hardness and refractive index 2016 Ingår i: Vacuum. - : Elsevier BV. - 0042-207X .- 1879-2715. ; 131, s. 1-4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract There is an increasing demand for glass materials with better mechanical and optical properties for display and electronic applications. This paper describes the deposition of novel thin films of Mg-Si-O-N onto float glass substrates. Amorphous thin films in the Mg-Si-O-N system with high nitrogen and magnesium contents were deposited by reactive RF magnetron co-sputtering from Mg and Si targets in Ar/N2/O2 gas mixtures. The thin films studied span an unprecedented range of compositions up to 45 at% Mg and 80 at% N out of cations and anions respectively. Thin films in the Mg-Si-O-N system were found to be homogeneous and transparent in the visible region. Mechanical properties like hardness (H) and reduced elastic modulus (Er) show high values, up to 21 GPa and 166 GPa respectively. The refractive index (1.87-2.00) increases with increasing magnesium and nitrogen contents.
37.	Ali, Sharafat, Associate Professor, 1976-, et al. (författare) Optical and mechanical properties of amorphous Mg-Si-O-N thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering 2019 Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 372:25, s. 9-15 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this work, amorphous thin films in Mg-Si-O-N system typically containing >15 at.% Mg and 35 at.% N were prepared in order to investigate especially the dependence of optical and mechanical properties on Mg composition. Reactive RF magnetron co-sputtering from magnesium and silicon targets were used for the deposition of Mg-Si-O-N thin films. Films were deposited on float glass, silica wafers and sapphire substrates in an Ar, N2 and O2 gas mixture. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and nanoindentation were employed to characterize the composition, surface morphology, and properties of the films. The films consist of N and Mg contents up to 40 at.% and 28 at.%, respectively and have good adhesion to substrates and are chemically inert. The thickness and roughness of the films increased with increasing content of Mg. Both hardness (16–21 GPa) and reduced elastic modulus (120–176 GPa) are strongly correlated with the amount of Mg content. The refractive index up to 2.01 and extinction coefficient up to 0.18 were found to increase with Mg content. The optical band gap (3.1–4.3) decreases with increasing the Mg content. Thin film deposited at substrate temperature of 100 °C shows a lower value of hardness (10 GPa), refractive index (1.75), and higher values of reduced elastic modulus (124 GPa) as compared to the thin film deposited at 310 °C and 510 °C respectively, under identical synthesis parameters.
38.	Ali, Sharafat, 1976-, et al. (författare) Study of SiN, SiON and Mg-Si-O-N thin films by spec-troscopic elipsometry 2016 Ingår i: Optics and photonics conference, 2-3 November, 2016, Linköping, Sweden. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
39.	Ali, Sharafat, 1976-, et al. (författare) Synthesis and characterization of the mechanical and optical properties of Ca-Si-O-N thin films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering 2017 Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 315, s. 88-94 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Ca-Si-O-N thin films were deposited on commercial soda-lime silicate float glass, silica wafers and sapphire substrates by RF magnetron co-sputtering from Ca and Si targets in an Ar/N-2/O-2 gas mixture. Chemical composition, surface morphology, hardness, reduced elastic modulus and optical properties of the films were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nanoindentation, and spectroscopic ellipsometry. It was found that the composition of the films can be controlled by the Ca target power, predominantly, and by the reactive gas flow. Thin films in the Ca-Si-O-N system are composed of N and Ca contents up to 31 eq. % and 60 eq. %, respectively. The films thickness ranges from 600 to 3000 nm and increases with increasing Ca target power. The films surface roughness varied between 2 and 12 nm, and approximately decreases with increasing power of Ca target. The hardness (4-12 GPa) and reduced elastic modulus (65-145 GPa) of the films increase and decrease with the N and Ca contents respectively. The refractive index (1.56-1.82) is primarily dictated by the N content. The properties are compared with findings for bulk glasses in the Ca-Si-(Al)-O-N systems, and it is concluded that Ca-Si-O-N thin films have higher values of hardness, elastic modulus and refractive index than bulk glasses of similar composition. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
40.	Ali, Sharafat, 1976-, et al. (författare) Thin films in M-Si-O-N thin systems 2017 Ingår i: 44th International Conference on Metallurgical Coating and Thin Films (ICMCTF), San Diego, CA, USA, 24-28 Apr 2017. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
41.	Alijan Farzad Lahiji, Faezeh, et al. (författare) Growth and optical properties of NiO thin films deposited by pulsed dc reactive magnetron sputtering 2023 Ingår i: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A. Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. - : A V S AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0734-2101 .- 1520-8559. ; 41:6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract NiO thin films with varied oxygen contents are grown on Si(100) and c-Al2O3 at a substrate temperature of 300 degrees C using pulsed dc reactive magnetron sputtering. We characterize the structure and optical properties of NiO changes as functions of the oxygen content. NiO with the cubic structure, single phase, and predominant orientation along (111) is found on both substrates. X-ray diffraction and pole figure analysis further show that NiO on the Si(100) substrate exhibits fiber-textured growth, while twin domain epitaxy was achieved on c-Al2O3, with NiO(111) k Al2O3(0001) and NiO[1 (1) over bar0]k Al2O3[10 (1) over bar0] or NiO[(1) over bar 10]k Al2O3[2 (1) over bar(1) over bar0] epitaxial relationship. The oxygen content in NiO films did not have a significant effect on the refractive index, extinction coefficient, and absorption coefficient. This suggests that the optical properties of NiO films remained unaffected by changes in the oxygen content.
42.	Alström, Per, Professor, et al. (författare) Morphology, vocalizations, and mitochondrial DNA suggest that the Graceful Prinia is two species 2021 Ingår i: Ornithology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0004-8038 .- 2732-4613 .- 1938-4254. ; 138:2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Prinias (Cisticolidae:Prinia) are resident warblers of open areas across Africa and Asia and include many polytypic species whose species limits have not been seriously reevaluated recently. Based on an integrative taxonomic analysis of morphology, song, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), we suggest that 2 species should be recognized in the Graceful Prinia (Prinia gracilis) complex. In addition, our morphological analyses show the existence of a well-marked undescribed form in southeastern Somalia, which we name herein as a new subspecies. Prinia gracilisis a small, drab, long-tailed species with streaking above and plain pale underparts that has been suggested to fall into 2 groups: the southwestern nominate group (from Egypt to Oman) and the northeastern lepida group (from Turkey through India). However, the characters presented to justify this grouping are variable and show a mosaic pattern, and whether genetic and vocal differences exist is unknown. We found consistent between-group song differences, with the nominate group giving consistently longer inter-phrase intervals, whereas the members of the lepida group sing an essentially continuous reel. An mtDNA tree suggests a deep split between the nominate and lepida groups, with a coalescence time between these clades of similar to 2.2 million years ago. Vocal and mtDNA analyses provided evidence that the northeastern Arabian Peninsula taxon carpenteri belongs to the lepida group. We found that, of all the morphological characters proposed, only proportions and tail barring and spotting relatively consistently distinguish the 2 groups. However, these characters strongly suggest that the eastern Arabian Peninsula is populated by taxa of both the gracilis and lepida groups, in different areas, but we lack genetic and bioacoustic data to corroborate this. Although further study is needed in potential contact zones, we suggest that 2 species should be recognized in the P. gracilis complex, and we propose the retention of the English name Graceful Prinia for P. gracilis sensu stricto, while we suggest that P. lepida be known as Delicate Prinia.
43.	Alvfors, Per, 1954-, et al. (författare) Research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors – three illustrative examples : Improvement potential discussed in the context of Well-to-Tank analyses 2010 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Currently biofuels have strong political support, both in the EU and Sweden. The EU has, for example, set a target for the use of renewable fuels in the transportation sector stating that all EU member states should use 10% renewable fuels for transport by 2020. Fulfilling this ambition will lead to an enormous market for biofuels during the coming decade. To avoid increasing production of biofuels based on agriculture crops that require considerable use of arable area, focus is now to move towards more advanced second generation (2G) biofuels that can be produced from biomass feedstocks associated with a more efficient land use. Climate benefits and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances are aspects often discussed in conjunction with sustainability and biofuels. The total GHG emissions associated with production and usage of biofuels depend on the entire fuel production chain, mainly the agriculture or forestry feedstock systems and the manufacturing process. To compare different biofuel production pathways it is essential to conduct an environmental assessment using the well-to-tank (WTT) analysis methodology. In Sweden the conditions for biomass production are favourable and we have promising second generation biofuels technologies that are currently in the demonstration phase. In this study we have chosen to focus on cellulose based ethanol, methane from gasification of solid wood as well as DME from gasification of black liquor, with the purpose of identifying research and development potentials that may result in improvements in the WTT emission values. The main objective of this study is thus to identify research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors based on literature studies as well as discussions with the the researchers themselves. We have also discussed improvement potentials for the agriculture and forestry part of the WTT chain. The aim of this study is to, in the context of WTT analyses, (i) increase knowledge about the complexity of biofuel production, (ii) identify and discuss improvement potentials, regarding energy efficiency and GHG emissions, for three biofuel production cases, as well as (iii) identify and discuss improvement potentials regarding biomass supply, including agriculture/forestry. The scope of the study is limited to discussing the technologies, system aspects and climate impacts associated with the production stage. Aspects such as the influence on biodiversity and other environmental and social parameters fall beyond the scope of this study. We find that improvement potentials for emissions reductions within the agriculture/forestry part of the WTT chain include changing the use of diesel to low-CO2-emitting fuels, changing to more fuel-efficient tractors, more efficient cultivation and manufacture of fertilizers (commercial nitrogen fertilizer can be produced in plants which have nitrous oxide gas cleaning) as well as improved fertilization strategies (more precise nitrogen application during the cropping season). Furthermore, the cultivation of annual feedstock crops could be avoided on land rich in carbon, such as peat soils and new agriculture systems could be introduced that lower the demand for ploughing and harrowing. Other options for improving the WTT emission values includes introducing new types of crops, such as wheat with higher content of starch or willow with a higher content of cellulose. From the case study on lignocellulosic ethanol we find that 2G ethanol, with co-production of biogas, electricity, heat and/or wood pellet, has a promising role to play in the development of sustainable biofuel production systems. Depending on available raw materials, heat sinks, demand for biogas as vehicle fuel and existing 1G ethanol plants suitable for integration, 2G ethanol production systems may be designed differently to optimize the economic conditions and maximize profitability. However, the complexity connected to the development of the most optimal production systems require improved knowledge and involvement of several actors from different competence areas, such as chemical and biochemical engineering, process design and integration and energy and environmental systems analysis, which may be a potential barrier.
44.	Alvfors, Per, et al. (författare) Research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors – three illustrative examples 2010 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Currently biofuels have strong political support, both in the EU and Sweden. The EU has, for example, set a target for the use of renewable fuels in the transportation sector stating that all EU member states should use 10% renewable fuels for transport by 2020. Fulfilling this ambition will lead to an enormous market for biofuels during the coming decade. To avoid increasing production of biofuels based on agriculture crops that require considerable use of arable area, focus is now to move towards more advanced second generation (2G) biofuels that can be produced from biomass feedstocks associated with a more efficient land use.Climate benefits and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances are aspects often discussed in conjunction with sustainability and biofuels. The total GHG emissions associated with production and usage of biofuels depend on the entire fuel production chain, mainly the agriculture or forestry feedstock systems and the manufacturing process. To compare different biofuel production pathways it is essential to conduct an environmental assessment using the well-to-tank (WTT) analysis methodology. In Sweden the conditions for biomass production are favourable and we have promising second generation biofuels technologies that are currently in the demonstration phase. In this study we have chosen to focus on cellulose based ethanol, methane from gasification of solid wood as well as DME from gasification of black liquor, with the purpose of identifying research and development potentials that may result in improvements in the WTT emission values. The main objective of this study is thus to identify research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors based on literature studies as well as discussions with the the researchers themselves. We have also discussed improvement potentials for the agriculture and forestry part of the WTT chain. The aim of this study is to, in the context of WTT analyses, (i) increase knowledge about the complexity of biofuel production, (ii) identify and discuss improvement potentials, regarding energy efficiency and GHG emissions, for three biofuel production cases, as well as (iii) identify and discuss improvement potentials regarding biomass supply, including agriculture/forestry. The scope of the study is limited to discussing the technologies, system aspects and climate impacts associated with the production stage. Aspects such as the influence on biodiversity and other environmental and social parameters fall beyond the scope of this study. We find that improvement potentials for emissions reductions within the agriculture/forestry part of the WTT chain include changing the use of diesel to low-CO2-emitting fuels, changing to more fuel-efficient tractors, more efficient cultivation and manufacture of fertilizers (commercial nitrogen fertilizer can be produced in plants which have nitrous oxide gas cleaning) as well as improved fertilization strategies (more precise nitrogen application during the cropping season). Furthermore, the cultivation of annual feedstock crops could be avoided on land rich in carbon, such as peat soils and new agriculture systems could be introduced that lower the demand for ploughing and harrowing. Other options for improving the WTT emission values includes introducing new types of crops, such as wheat with higher content of starch or willow with a higher content of cellulose. From the case study on lignocellulosic ethanol we find that 2G ethanol, with co-production of biogas, electricity, heat and/or wood pellet, has a promising role to play in the development of sustainable biofuel production systems. Depending on available raw materials, heat sinks, demand for biogas as vehicle fuel and existing 1G ethanol plants suitable for integration, 2G ethanol production systems may be designed differently to optimize the economic conditions and maximize profitability. However, the complexity connected to the development of the most optimal production systems require improved knowledge and involvement of several actors from different competence areas, such as chemical and biochemical engineering, process design and integration and energy and environmental systems analysis, which may be a potential barrier. Three important results from the lignocellulosic ethanol study are: (i) the production systems could be far more complex and intelligently designed than previous studies show, (ii) the potential improvements consist of a large number of combinations of process integration options wich partly depends on specific local conditions, (iii) the environmental performance of individual systems may vary significantly due to systems design and local conditons.From the case study on gasification of solid biomass for the production of biomethane we find that one of the main advantages of this technology is its high efficiency in respect to converting biomass into fuels for transport. For future research we see a need for improvements within the gas up-grading section, including gas cleaning and gas conditioning, to obtain a more efficient process. A major challenge is to remove the tar before the methanation reaction. Three important results from the biomethane study are: (i) it is important not to crack the methane already produced in the syngas, which indicates a need for improved catalysts for selective tar cracking, (ii) there is a need for new gas separation techniques to facilitate the use of air oxidation agent instead of oxygen in the gasifier, and (iii) there is a need for testing the integrated process under realistic conditions, both at atmospheric and pressurized conditions. From the case study on black liquor gasification for the production of DME we find that the process has many advantages compared to other biofuel production options, such as the fact that black liquor is already partially processed and exists in a pumpable, liquid form, and that the process is pressurised and tightly integrated with the pulp mill, which enhances fuel production efficiency. However, to achieve commercial status, some challenges still remain, such as demonstrating that materials and plant equipment meet the high availability required when scaling up to industrial size in the pulp mill, and also proving that the plant can operate according to calculated heat and material balances. Three important results from the DME study are: (i) that modern chemical pulp mills, having a potential surplus of energy, could become important suppliers of renewable fuels for transport, (ii) there is a need to demonstrate that renewable DME/methanol will be proven to function in large scale, and (iii) there is still potential for technology improvements and enhanced energy integration. Although quantitative improvement potentials are given in the three biofuel production cases, it is not obvious how these potentials would affect WTT values, since the biofuel production processes are complex and changing one parameter impacts other parameters. The improvement potentials are therefore discussed qualitatively. From the entire study we have come to agree on the following common conclusions: (i) research and development in Sweden within the three studied 2G biofuel production technologies is extensive, (ii) in general, the processes, within the three cases, work well at pilot and demonstration scale and are now in a phase to be proven in large scale, (iii) there is still room for improvement although some processes have been known for decades, (iv) the biofuel production processes are complex and site specific and process improvements need to be seen and judged from a broad systems perspective (both within the production plant as well as in the entire well-to-tank perspective), and (v) the three studied biofuel production systems are complementary technologies. Futher, the process of conducting this study is worth mentioning as a result itself, i.e. that many different actors within the field have proven their ability and willingness to contribute to a common report, and that the cooperation climate was very positive and bodes well for possible future collaboration within the framework of the f3 center. Finally, judging from the political ambitions it is clear that the demand for renewable fuels will significantly increase during the coming decade. This will most likely result in opportunities for a range of biofuel options. The studied biofuel options all represent 2G biofuels and they can all be part of the solution to meet the increased renewable fuel demand.
45.	Alvors, Per, et al. (författare) Research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors – three illustrative examples : Improvement potential discussed in the context of Well-to-Tank analyses 2010 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Currently biofuels have strong political support, both in the EU and Sweden. The EU has, for example, set a target for the use of renewable fuels in the transportation sector stating that all EU member states should use 10% renewable fuels for transport by 2020. Fulfilling this ambition will lead to an enormous market for biofuels during the coming decade. To avoid increasing production of biofuels based on agriculture crops that require considerable use of arable area, focus is now to move towards more advanced second generation (2G) biofuels that can be produced from biomass feedstocks associated with a more efficient land use.Climate benefits and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances are aspects often discussed in conjunction with sustainability and biofuels. The total GHG emissions associated with production and usage of biofuels depend on the entire fuel production chain, mainly the agriculture or forestry feedstock systems and the manufacturing process. To compare different biofuel production pathways it is essential to conduct an environmental assessment using the well-to-tank (WTT) analysis methodology.In Sweden the conditions for biomass production are favourable and we have promising second generation biofuels technologies that are currently in the demonstration phase. In this study we have chosen to focus on cellulose based ethanol, methane from gasification of solid wood as well as DME from gasification of black liquor, with the purpose of identifying research and development potentials that may result in improvements in the WTT emission values. The main objective of this study is thus to identify research and development challenges for Swedish biofuel actors based on literature studies as well as discussions with the the researchers themselves. We have also discussed improvement potentials for the agriculture and forestry part of the WTT chain. The aim of this study is to, in the context of WTT analyses, (i) increase knowledge about the complexity of biofuel production, (ii) identify and discuss improvement potentials, regarding energy efficiency and GHG emissions, for three biofuel production cases, as well as (iii) identify and discuss improvement potentials regarding biomass supply, including agriculture/forestry. The scope of the study is limited to discussing the technologies, system aspects and climate impacts associated with the production stage. Aspects such as the influence on biodiversity and other environmental and social parameters fall beyond the scope of this study.We find that improvement potentials for emissions reductions within the agriculture/forestry part of the WTT chain include changing the use of diesel to low-CO2-emitting fuels, changing to more fuel-efficient tractors, more efficient cultivation and manufacture of fertilizers (commercial nitrogen fertilizer can be produced in plants which have nitrous oxide gas cleaning) as well as improved fertilization strategies (more precise nitrogen application during the cropping season). Furthermore, the cultivation of annual feedstock crops could be avoided on land rich in carbon, such as peat soils and new agriculture systems could be introduced that lower the demand for ploughing and harrowing. Other options for improving the WTT emission values includes introducing new types of crops, such as wheat with higher content of starch or willow with a higher content of cellulose.From the case study on lignocellulosic ethanol we find that 2G ethanol, with co-production of biogas, electricity, heat and/or wood pellet, has a promising role to play in the development of sustainable biofuel production systems. Depending on available raw materials, heat sinks, demand for biogas as vehicle fuel and existing 1G ethanol plants suitable for integration, 2G ethanol production systems may be designed differently to optimize the economic conditions and maximize profitability. However, the complexity connected to the development of the most optimal production systems require improved knowledge and involvement of several actors from different competence areas, such as chemical and biochemical engineering, process design and integration and energy and environmental systems analysis, which may be a potential barrier.Three important results from the lignocellulosic ethanol study are: (i) the production systems could be far more complex and intelligently designed than previous studies show, (ii) the potential improvements consist of a large number of combinations of process integration options wich partly depends on specific local conditions, (iii) the environmental performance of individual systems may vary significantly due to systems design and local conditons.From the case study on gasification of solid biomass for the production of biomethane we find that one of the main advantages of this technology is its high efficiency in respect to converting biomass into fuels for transport. For future research we see a need for improvements within the gas up-grading section, including gas cleaning and gas conditioning, to obtain a more efficient process. A major challenge is to remove the tar before the methanation reaction.Three important results from the biomethane study are: (i) it is important not to crack the methane already produced in the syngas, which indicates a need for improved catalysts for selective tar cracking, (ii) there is a need for new gas separation techniques to facilitate the use of air oxidation agent instead of oxygen in the gasifier, and (iii) there is a need for testing the integrated process under realistic conditions, both at atmospheric and pressurized conditions.From the case study on black liquor gasification for the production of DME we find that the process has many advantages compared to other biofuel production options, such as the fact that black liquor is already partially processed and exists in a pumpable, liquid form, and that the process is pressurised and tightly integrated with the pulp mill, which enhances fuel production efficiency. However, to achieve commercial status, some challenges still remain, such as demonstrating that materials and plant equipment meet the high availability required when scaling up to industrial size in the pulp mill, and also proving that the plant can operate according to calculated heat and material balances. Three important results from the DME study are: (i) that modern chemical pulp mills, having a potential surplus of energy, could become important suppliers of renewable fuels for transport, (ii) there is a need to demonstrate that renewable DME/methanol will be proven to function in large scale, and (iii) there is still potential for technology improvements and enhanced energy integration.Although quantitative improvement potentials are given in the three biofuel production cases, it is not obvious how these potentials would affect WTT values, since the biofuel production processes are complex and changing one parameter impacts other parameters. The improvement potentials are therefore discussed qualitatively. From the entire study we have come to agree on the following common conclusions: (i) research and development in Sweden within the three studied 2G biofuel production technologies is extensive, (ii) in general, the processes, within the three cases, work well at pilot and demonstration scale and are now in a phase to be proven in large scale, (iii) there is still room for improvement although some processes have been known for decades, (iv) the biofuel production processes are complex and site specific and process improvements need to be seen and judged from a broad systems perspective (both within the production plant as well as in the entire well-to-tank perspective), and (v) the three studied biofuel production systems are complementary technologies. Futher, the process of conducting this study is worth mentioning as a result itself, i.e. that many different actors within the field have proven their ability and willingness to contribute to a common report, and that the cooperation climate was very positive and bodes well for possible future collaboration within the framework of the f3 center.Finally, judging from the political ambitions it is clear that the demand for renewable fuels will significantly increase during the coming decade. This will most likely result in opportunities for a range of biofuel options. The studied biofuel options all represent 2G biofuels and they can all be part of the solution to meet the increased renewable fuel demand.
46.	Andersson, Björn, 1939, et al. (författare) Seasonal variations in vitamin D in relation to growth in short prepubertal children before and during first year growth hormone treatment 2015 Ingår i: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0391-4097 .- 1720-8386. ; 38:12, s. 1309-1317 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose This study investigated the relationship between seasonal variations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) levels and growth in prepubertal children during both the pretreatment year and the first year of GH treatment. Methods The study included 249 short prepubertal children with a broad range of GH secretion, GH(max) during a 24 h profile median 23; range 1-127 mU/L, 191 boys (mean age +/- SD, 8.6 +/- 2.6 years), 58 girls (7.5 +/- 1.9 years) receiving GH treatment (mean 43 mu g/kg/day; range 17-99 mu g/kg/day). Serum 25(OH) D was measured using an automated IDS-iSYS immunoassay. Results 25(OH) D levels showed seasonal variation, and decreased significantly during GH treatment. 25(OH) D levels at start and first year reduction in 25(OH) D, correlated (-) with the first year growth response during treatment. The degree of GH secretion capacity within our study population of mainly non-GH deficient children and 25(OH) D sufficient (67 +/- 29 nmol/L) had no influence on 25(OH) D levels. Growth during GH treatment were independent of seasonal variations in 25(OH) D. Multiple regression analysis showed that 25(OH) D levels at treatment start, together with auxological data and IGF-binding protein-3(SDS), explained 61 % of the variation in first year gain in height(SDS). Conclusion 25(OH) D levels were associated with first year growth response to GH and may be a useful contribution to future growth prediction models.
47.	Andersson, Björn, 1939, et al. (författare) Short-term changes in bone formation markers following growth hormone (GH) treatment in short prepubertal children with a broad range of GH secretion 2015 Ingår i: Clinical Endocrinology. - : Wiley: 12 months. - 0300-0664 .- 1365-2265. ; 82:1, s. 91-99 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract ObjectivesGrowth hormone (GH) promotes longitudinal growth and bone modelling/remodelling. This study investigated the relationship between levels of bone formation markers and growth during GH treatment in prepubertal children with widely ranging GH secretion levels. MethodsThe study group comprised 113 short prepubertal children (mean ageSD, 937213years; 99 boys) on GH treatment (330 +/- 006g/kg/day) for 1year. Blood samples were taken at baseline and 1 and 2weeks, 1 and 3months, and 1year after treatment start. Intact amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and osteocalcin were measured using an automated IDS-iSYS immunoassay system. ResultsIntact amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), BALP and osteocalcin, increased in the short-term during GH treatment. PINP after 1week (P=000077), and BALP and osteocalcin after 1month (Pless than00001 and P=00043, respectively). PINP levels at 1 and 3months correlated positively, and osteocalcin levels at 1week and percentage change after 1month correlated negatively, with first year growth response. No significant correlations were found between BALP and first year growth. Multiple regression analysis showed that bone marker levels together with auxological data and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 explained the variation in first year growth response to 36% at start, 32% after 2weeks and 48% at 3months. ConclusionShort-term increases in levels of the bone formation markers PINP, BALP and osteocalcin showed different temporal patterns, but all correlated with first year growth response during GH treatment. These markers may be a useful addition to existing prediction models for growth response.
48.	Andersson, B., et al. (författare) Vitamin D status in children over three decades - Do children get enough vitamin D? 2016 Ingår i: Bone Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-1872. ; 5, s. 150-152 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Vitamin D is a key player in the endocrine regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism and plays a pivotal role in the acquisition of bone mass during childhood. This study investigated long-term data of vitamin D levels in children and adolescents between 1 and 18 years of age. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was analyzed between 1982 and 2013 in 2048 Swedish Caucasian children (mean age ± SD, 8.59 ± 3.68 years; 1197 boys). Overall, 704 (34%) children had below recommended levels of 50 nmol/L; however, only 63 (3%) had levels below 25 nmol/L, i.e., vitamin D deficiency. No trend for decreased vitamin D levels over time was found in this population, with median 25(OH)D levels of 58.4 nmol/L, minimum-maximum 5.0-159.3 nmol/L. Younger children, independent of gender, had significantly higher levels 25(OH)D. © 2016.
49.	Andersson, Roger, et al. (författare) Analysis of the relationship between UV-absorbance of solute contents during a dialysis session Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract In this paper, the influence from patient anamnesis and haemodialysis session specifications onto the relationship between obtained ultra violet (UV) absorbance and urea concentration in the spent dialysate were discussed. A characterisation of the relationship was done by an intercept value and a slope. Recently, a new a dialysate monitoring device, using UV- absorbance, been developed by our group which has found a relationship between the UV- absorbance and waste products in the dialysate but this relationship vary between patients. In the present investigation, 13 patients performing totally 84 sessions were characterised using 31 possible affecting parameters. Using a multi-regression analysis 11 parameters were found significant as affecting parameters. In a novel mathematical model approach the obtained UV- absorbance and incorporating possible affecting parameters we could predict urea concentration from the UV-absorption in the spent dialysate in the total material of patients and dialysis sessions. For all the 84 sessions R2 between 0.938 and 0.996 were obtained. A performed analysis of variance rejects the assumption of equal conditions for the relationship between diabetics and non-diabetics patients in the material (F=5.2 for intercept and F=14.4 for slope). The urea concentration could be estimated with an accuracy of 11% (one standard deviation) which is normally clinically sufficient. The non-invasive UV -absorption method therefore seems to have great potential for monitoring and control haemodialysis sessions.
50.	Antfolk, Maria, et al. (författare) Acoustofluidic, label-free separation and simultaneous concentration of rare tumor cells from white blood cells 2015 Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6882 .- 0003-2700. ; 87:18, s. 9322-9328 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Enrichment of rare cells from peripheral blood has emerged as a means to enable noninvasive diagnostics and development of personalized drugs, commonly associated with a prerequisite to concentrate the enriched rare cell population prior to molecular analysis or culture. However, common concentration by centrifugation has important limitations when processing low cell numbers. Here, we report on an integrated acoustophoresis-based rare cell enrichment system combined with integrated concentration. Polystyrene 7 μm microparticles could be separated from 5 μm particles with a recovery of 99.3 ± 0.3% at a contamination of 0.1 ± 0.03%, with an overall 25.7 ± 1.7-fold concentration of the recovered 7 μm particles. At a flow rate of 100 μL/min, breast cancer cells (MCF7) spiked into red blood cell-lysed human blood were separated with an efficiency of 91.8 ± 1.0% with a contamination of 0.6 ± 0.1% from white blood cells with a 23.8 ± 1.3-fold concentration of cancer cells. The recovery of prostate cancer cells (DU145) spiked into whole blood was 84.1 ± 2.1% with 0.2 ± 0.04% contamination of white blood cells with a 9.6 ± 0.4-fold concentration of cancer cells. This simultaneous on-chip separation and concentration shows feasibility of future acoustofluidic systems for rapid label-free enrichment and molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells using peripheral venous blood in clinical practice.

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