| 1. |
- Lim, S. M., et al.
(författare)
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Serologic evidence of West Nile virus and Usutu virus infections in Eurasian coots in the Netherlands
- 2018
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Ingår i: Zoonoses and Public Health. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1863-1959 .- 1863-2378. ; 65:1, s. 96-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are arboviruses that are maintained in enzootic transmission cycles between mosquitoes and birds and are occasionally transmitted to mammals. As arboviruses are currently expanding their geographic range and emerging in often unpredictable locations, surveillance is considered an important element of preparedness. To determine whether sera collected from resident and migratory birds in the Netherlands as part of avian influenza surveillance would also represent an effective source for proactive arbovirus surveillance, a random selection of such sera was screened for WNV antibodies using a commercial ELISA. In addition, sera of jackdaws and carrion crows captured for previous experimental infection studies were added to the selection. Of the 265 screened serum samples, 27 were found to be WNV-antibody-positive, and subsequent cross-neutralization experiments using WNV and USUV confirmed that five serum samples were positive for only WNV-neutralizing antibodies and seven for only USUV. The positive birds consisted of four Eurasian coots (Fulica atra) and one carrion crow (Corvus corone) for WNV, of which the latter may suggest local presence of the virus, and only Eurasian coots for USUV. As a result, the screening of a small selection of serum samples originally collected for avian influenza surveillance demonstrated a seroprevalence of 1.6% for WNV and 2.8% for USUV, suggesting that this sustained infrastructure could serve as a useful source for future surveillance of arboviruses such as WNV and USUV in the Netherlands.
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| 2. |
- Quadri, Marialuisa, et al.
(författare)
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LRP10 genetic variants in familial Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies : a genome-wide linkage and sequencing study
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4422. ; 17:7, s. 597-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Most patients with Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies do not carry mutations in known disease-causing genes. The aim of this study was to identify a novel gene implicated in the development of these disorders. Methods: Our study was done in three stages. First, we did genome-wide linkage analysis of an Italian family with dominantly inherited Parkinson's disease to identify the disease locus. Second, we sequenced the candidate gene in an international multicentre series of unrelated probands who were diagnosed either clinically or pathologically with Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease dementia, or dementia with Lewy bodies. As a control, we used gene sequencing data from individuals with abdominal aortic aneurysms (who were not examined neurologically). Third, we enrolled an independent series of patients diagnosed clinically with Parkinson's disease and controls with no signs or family history of Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease dementia, or dementia with Lewy bodies from centres in Portugal, Sardinia, and Taiwan, and screened them for specific variants. We also did mRNA and brain pathology studies in three patients from the international multicentre series carrying disease-associated variants, and we did functional protein studies in in-vitro models, including neurons from induced pluripotent stem-like cells. Findings: Molecular studies were done between Jan 1, 2008, and Dec 31, 2017. In the initial kindred of ten affected Italian individuals (mean age of disease onset 59·8 years [SD 8·7]), we detected significant linkage of Parkinson's disease to chromosome 14 and nominated LRP10 as the disease-causing gene. Among the international series of 660 probands, we identified eight individuals (four with Parkinson's disease, two with Parkinson's disease dementia, and two with dementia with Lewy bodies) who carried different, rare, potentially pathogenic LRP10 variants; one carrier was found among 645 controls with abdominal aortic aneurysms. In the independent series, two of these eight variants were detected in three additional Parkinson's disease probands (two from Sardinia and one from Taiwan) but in none of the controls. Of the 11 probands from the international and independent cohorts with LRP10 variants, ten had a positive family history of disease and DNA was available from ten affected relatives (in seven of these families). The LRP10 variants were present in nine of these ten relatives, providing independent—albeit limited—evidence of co-segregation with disease. Post-mortem studies in three patients carrying distinct LRP10 variants showed severe Lewy body pathology. Of nine variants identified in total (one in the initial family and eight in stage 2), three severely affected LRP10 expression and mRNA stability (1424+5delG, 1424+5G→A, and Ala212Serfs*17, shown by cDNA analysis), four affected protein stability (Tyr307Asn, Gly603Arg, Arg235Cys, and Pro699Ser, shown by cycloheximide-chase experiments), and two affected protein localisation (Asn517del and Arg533Leu; shown by immunocytochemistry), pointing to loss of LRP10 function as a common pathogenic mechanism. Interpretation: Our findings implicate LRP10 gene defects in the development of inherited forms of α-synucleinopathies. Future elucidation of the function of the LRP10 protein and pathways could offer novel insights into mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Funding: Stichting ParkinsonFonds, Dorpmans-Wigmans Stichting, Erasmus Medical Center, ZonMw—Memorabel programme, EU Joint Programme Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND), Parkinson's UK, Avtal om Läkarutbildning och Forskning (ALF) and Parkinsonfonden (Sweden), Lijf and Leven foundation, and cross-border grant of Alzheimer Netherlands–Ligue Européene Contre la Maladie d'Alzheimer (LECMA).
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| 3. |
- Verhagen, Josanne H., et al.
(författare)
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Avian influenza a virus in wild birds in highly urbanized areas.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Avian influenza virus (AIV) surveillance studies in wild birds are usually conducted in rural areas and nature reserves. Less is known of avian influenza virus prevalence in wild birds located in densely populated urban areas, while these birds are more likely to be in close contact with humans. Influenza virus prevalence was investigated in 6059 wild birds sampled in cities in the Netherlands between 2006 and 2009, and compared with parallel AIV surveillance data from low urbanized areas in the Netherlands. Viral prevalence varied with the level of urbanization, with highest prevalence in low urbanized areas. Within cities virus was detected in 0.5% of birds, while seroprevalence exceeded 50%. Ring recoveries of urban wild birds sampled for virus detection demonstrated that most birds were sighted within the same city, while few were sighted in other cities or migrated up to 2659 km away from the sample location in the Netherlands. Here we show that urban birds were infected with AIVs and that urban birds were not separated completely from populations of long-distance migrants. The latter suggests that wild birds in cities may play a role in the introduction of AIVs into cities. Thus, urban bird populations should not be excluded as a human-animal interface for influenza viruses.
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| 4. |
- Verhagen, Josanne H., et al.
(författare)
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Wild bird surveillance around outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus in the Netherlands, 2014, within the context of global flyways.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 20:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) viruses that emerged in poultry in east Asia since 2010 spread to Europe and North America by late 2014. Despite detections in migrating birds, the role of free-living wild birds in the global dispersal of H5N8 virus is unclear. Here, wild bird sampling activities in response to the H5N8 virus outbreaks in poultry in the Netherlands are summarised along with a review on ring recoveries. HPAI H5N8 virus was detected exclusively in two samples from ducks of the Eurasian wigeon species, among 4,018 birds sampled within a three months period from mid-November 2014. The H5N8 viruses isolated from wild birds in the Netherlands were genetically closely related to and had the same gene constellation as H5N8 viruses detected elsewhere in Europe, in Asia and in North America, suggesting a common origin. Ring recoveries of migratory duck species from which H5N8 viruses have been isolated overall provide evidence for indirect migratory connections between East Asia and Western Europe and between East Asia and North America. This study is useful for better understanding the role of wild birds in the global epidemiology of H5N8 viruses. The need for sampling large numbers of wild birds for the detection of H5N8 virus and H5N8-virus-specific antibodies in a variety of species globally is highlighted, with specific emphasis in north-eastern Europe, Russia and northern China.
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