| 1. |
- Billig, Håkan, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Follicular development and apoptosis.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Ernst Schering Research Foundation workshop. - 0947-6075. ; :41, s. 23-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Markström, Emilia, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers and barriers for an increased use of bio-based buildning materials in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering (WSE). - Riga : Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry. - 9789934149818 ; , s. 15-21
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To limit the climate impact of buildings, low carbon materials such as bio-based materials could be used. This study intends to contribute to the understanding of drivers and barriers for an increased use of bio-based building materials in apartment buildings. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews with Swedish architects, contractors and developers were conducted. The results indicate weak drivers for selecting bio-based materials at present and that the key barriers are insufficient incentives, lack of knowledge and experience, bad examples, issues regarding performance, and construction-related culture and habits. Important future drivers could be green building certificates and other environmental standards and regulations, evidence that the materials keep a certain quality over time, and educational support from municipalities.
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| 3. |
- Markström, Emilia, et al.
(författare)
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Survival factors regulating ovarian apoptosis -- dependence on follicle differentiation.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Reproduction (Cambridge, England). - 1470-1626. ; 123:1, s. 23-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Only a minute fraction of the ovarian follicles present in a fetal ovary will complete the path to ovulation. Most of the follicles will undergo atresia, a hormonally controlled apoptotic process. Apoptosis occurs at each stage of follicular development and there is a marked reduction in the number of follicles present at birth. Stage-dependent mechanisms of follicle survival can be postulated to achieve co-ordinated development, leading to ovulation of a small fraction of follicles. Indeed, hormone and growth factor regulation of follicular atresia is stage-specific. This short review considers the factors that promote survival of ovarian follicles throughout development, including endocrine, locally produced and intracellular mediators, as exemplified mainly by follicular development in rodents. In primordial follicles, oocyte apoptosis is considered to be the cause of subsequent follicle degeneration. In slow-growing preantral follicles, FSH is not a survival factor, but some locally produced growth factors are. Progression to the antral follicle stage is probably the most critical stage of follicle development in vivo, and FSH is a major survival factor at this stage. In addition, insulin-like growth factor I and interleukin 1beta are potent survival factors for cultured rat follicles at the antral stage. Preovulatory follicles express receptors for LH, and both of the gonadotrophins are survival factors at this stage. Relatively little is known about the period between the LH surge and ovulation; however, it has been suggested that at this stage progesterone acts as a survival factor.
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| 4. |
- Markström, Emilia, et al.
(författare)
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Use of bio-based building materials: perceptions of Swedish architects and contractors
- 2016
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Ingår i: New Horizons for the Forest Products Industry.. - Madison : Forest Products Society.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is intended to contribute to the understanding of the probability that bio-based materials are chosen in residential buildings and to the understanding of the drivers and barriers for an increased use of bio-based building materials. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were held with Swedish architects and contractors. The results indicate a low probability of selection of bio-based materials in Swedish residential building, mainly due to insufficient incentives, lack of knowledge and experience, bad examples, issues regarding performance and construction-related culture and habit. However, the attitude among contractors has started to change in a more positive direction. Green building certificates, as well as other environmental standards and regulations, were seen as a promising way to increase the use of bio-based materials. Evidence that the materials maintain a certain quality over time was also identified as an important measure to increase the incentives to select bio-based materials.
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| 5. |
- Shao, Linus Ruijin, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of progesterone receptor (PR) A and B isoforms in mouse granulosa cells: stage-dependent PR-mediated regulation of apoptosis and cell proliferation.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Biology of reproduction. - 0006-3363. ; 68:3, s. 914-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The intracellular progesterone receptor (PR) in the mammalian ovary is a part of the physiological pathway that facilitates ovulation. Two PR isoforms (A and B) exist, with different molecular and biological functions. Previous studies have revealed that the cellular ratio of the PR isoforms is important for progesterone-responsive tissues and is under developmental control in different species. However, the relative expression of PR isoforms in the ovary is unknown. In this study we have demonstrated first that the expression of both PR isoforms in mouse granulosa cells was rapidly up-regulated by hCG treatment and dramatically down-regulated when the granulosa cells were undergoing luteinization. The relative level of protein expression of the A and B forms was 2:1 and the highest total PR protein expression was found after hCG stimulation. Second, we demonstrated that the expression of PR protein was specific to granulosa cells of periovulatory follicles and was absent in undifferentiated granulosa cells of growing follicles. It was not detected in other cell types (i.e., corpora lutea or any stage of follicles with features of apoptosis). Third, we demonstrated that treatment with the PR antagonist RU 486 in vivo resulted in down-regulation of both isoforms in parallel with increased activation of caspase-3, a decreased level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and a reduced rate of ovulation. Fourth, we demonstrated, in vitro, that the PR antagonists RU 486 and Org 31710 increased internucleosomal DNA fragmentation parallel with a decrease in DNA synthesis in granulosa cells, which express PR. These results indicate that PR and its isoforms participate in regulation of ovulation, along with suppression of granulosa cell apoptosis and promotion of cell survival in the mouse ovary.
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| 6. |
- Svensson, Eva Ch, et al.
(författare)
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Progesterone receptor antagonists Org 31710 and RU 486 increase apoptosis in human periovulatory granulosa cells.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Fertility and sterility. - 0015-0282. ; 76:6, s. 1225-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate if progesterone receptor (PR)-mediated effects are involved in regulating the susceptibility to apoptosis in LH receptor-stimulated human luteinizing granulosa cells. DESIGN: Laboratory study. SETTING: Göteborg University and an in vitro fertilization laboratory of a university hospital. PATIENT(S): Women undergoing oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization after ovulation induction with gonadotropins. INTERVENTION(S): Luteinizing granulosa cells were isolated from follicular aspirates after oocyte removal. The cells were treated with or without RU 486 (1 microM-100 microM), Org 31710 (1 microM-100 microM), progesterone (1 nM-10 microM), dexamethasone (0.5 microM-100 microM), dihydrotestosterone (1 nM-25 microM), RU 486 (10 microM-100 microM) + dexamethasone (50 microM), and picrotoxin (1 microM-100 microM) and were cultured under serum-free conditions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Measurement of caspase-3 activity; detection of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation using gel electrophoresis and fluorospectrophotometry; progesterone analysis of spent medium. RESULT(S): Addition of the PR antagonists RU 486 or Org 31710 in vitro to human luteinizing granulosa cells caused an increase in caspase-3 activity and a dose-dependent increase in internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. No effect on DNA fragmentation was seen after addition of dexamethasone, dihydrotestosterone, or picrotoxin. CONCLUSION(S): Nuclear PR-mediated effects are involved in regulating the susceptibility to apoptosis in LH receptor-stimulated human luteinizing granulosa cells.
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| 7. |
- Svensson, Eva Ch, et al.
(författare)
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Progesterone receptor-mediated inhibition of apoptosis in granulosa cells isolated from rats treated with human chorionic gonadotropin.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Biology of reproduction. - 0006-3363. ; 63:5, s. 1457-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Almost all ovarian follicles undergo atresia during follicular development. However, the number of corpora lutea roughly equals the number of preovulatory follicles in the ovary. Because apoptosis is the cellular mechanism behind follicle and luteal cell demise, this suggests a change in apoptosis susceptibility during the periovulatory period. Sex steroids are important regulators of follicular cell survival and apoptosis. The aim of the present work was to study the role of progesterone receptor-mediated effects in the regulation of granulosa cell apoptosis. The levels of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation were evaluated in rat granulosa cells before and after induction of the nuclear progesterone receptor, using hCG treatment to eCG-primed rats to mimic the naturally occurring LH surge. Granulosa cells isolated from hCG-treated rats showed a several-fold increase in the expression of progesterone receptor mRNA and a 47% decrease (P < 0.01) in DNA fragmentation after 24 h incubation in serum-free medium compared to granulosa cells isolated from rats treated with eCG only. The effect of hCG treatment in vivo was dose-dependently reversed in vitro by addition of antiprogestins (Org 31710 or RU 486) to the culture medium, demonstrated by increased DNA fragmentation as well as increased caspase-3 activity. Addition of antiprogestins to granulosa cells isolated from immature or eCG-treated rats did not result in increased DNA fragmentation. The results suggest that progesterone receptor-mediated effects are involved in regulating the susceptibility to apoptosis in LH receptor-stimulated preovulatory rat granulosa cells.
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| 8. |
- Svensson, Per-Arne, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Copper induces the expression of cholesterogenic genes in human macrophages.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - 0021-9150. ; 169:1, s. 71-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accumulation of lipids and cholesterol by macrophages and subsequent transformation into foam cells are key features in development of atherosclerosis. Serum copper concentrations have been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism behind the proatherogenic effect of copper is not clear. We used DNA microarrays to define the changes in gene expression profile in response to copper exposure of human macrophages. Expression monitoring by DNA microarray revealed 91 genes that were regulated. Copper increased the expression of seven cholesterogenic genes (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) synthase, IPP isomerase, squalene synthase, squalene epoxidase, methyl sterol oxidase, H105e3 mRNA and sterol-C5-desaturase) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R), and decreased the expression of CD36 and lipid binding proteins. The expression of LDL-R and HMG CoA reductase was also investigated using real time PCR. The expression of both of these genes was increased after copper treatment of macrophages (P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). We conclude that copper activates cholesterogenic genes in macrophages, which may provide a mechanism for the association between copper and atherosclerosis. The effect of copper on cholesterogenic genes may also have implications for liver steatosis in early stages of Wilson's disease.
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