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- Rivière, Guillaume N., et al.
(författare)
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Toward waste valorization by converting bioethanol production residues into nanoparticles and nanocomposite films
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainable Materials and Technologies. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-9937. ; 28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A “waste-valorization” approach was developed to transform recalcitrant hydrolysis lignin (HL) from second-generation bioethanol production into multifunctional bio-based products. The hydrolysis lignin (HL) was extracted with aqueous acetone, yielding two fractions enriched in lignin and cellulose, respectively. The soluble hydrolysis lignin (SHL) was converted into anionic and cationic colloidal lignin particles (CLPs and c-CLPs). The insoluble cellulose-rich fraction was transformed into lignocellulosic nanofibrils that were further combined with CLPs or c-CLPs to obtain nanocomposite films with tailored mechanical properties, oxygen permeability and antioxidant properties. To enable prospective applications of lignin in nanocomposite films and beyond, CLPs and c-CLPs were also produced from a soda lignin (SL) and the influence of the lignin type on the particle size and ecotoxicity was evaluated. Finally, the carbon footprint of the entire process from hydrolysis lignin to films was assessed and an integration to industrial scale was considered to reduce the energy consumption. While most previous work utilizes purified lignin and pristine and often purified cellulose fibers to produce nanomaterials, this work provides a proof of concept for utilizing the recalcitrant lignin-rich side stream of the bioethanol process as raw material for functional nanomaterials and renewable composites.
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- Åström, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Assessment of Emission Factors from Fires in the Built Environment Including Scaling Effects
- 2023
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Ingår i: Fire Technology. - 1572-8099.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concern for the health of the natural environment is growing as humanpopulation grows. Recently, renewed attention has been given to the environmentalimpact of fires and the fire implications of sustainability choices made in the builtenvironment. To properly understand the environmental impact of fires, however, itis crucial that we can estimate fire emissions. This paper explores the concept of fireemissions and emission factors and investigates the potential to use small scale testingto develop emission factors for fire emissions. The findings show that there is apotential to use dynamic tests such as the cone calorimeter (CC, ISO 5660) and firepropagation apparatus (FPA, ISO 12136) to develop emission factors to estimate lar-ger scale fire emissions, at least for CO and CO2emissions. While there is a spread ofdata from between the CC or FPA and the medium scale tests, this is of the sameorder or less than the spread between the two small scale tests. The spread in emis-sion factor values from the various tests is smaller for CO2than for CO and greatestfor small CO-emission factors (
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