| 1. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Khatri, C, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Heine, M., et al.
(författare)
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Determination of the neutron-capture rate of C-17 for r-process nucleosynthesis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 95:1, s. Article no 014613 -
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the (RB)-B-3-LAND setup at GSI we have measured exclusive relative-energy spectra of the Coulomb dissociation of C-18 at a projectile energy around 425A MeV on a lead target, which are needed to determine the radiative neutron-capture cross sections of C-17 into the ground state of C-18. Those data have been used to constrain theoretical calculations for transitions populating excited states in C-18. This allowed to derive the astrophysical cross section sigma(n gamma)*. accounting for the thermal population of C-17 target states in astrophysical scenarios. The experimentally verified capture rate is significantly lower than those of previously obtained Hauser-Feshbach estimations at temperatures T-9
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| 7. |
- Caceres, L., et al.
(författare)
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Spherical proton-neutron structure of isomeric states in Cd-128
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 79:1, s. 011301-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gamma-ray decay of isomeric states in the even-even nucleus Cd-128 has been observed. The nucleus of interest was produced both by the fragmentation of Xe-136 and the fission of U-238 primary beams. The level scheme was unambiguously constructed based on.. coincidence relations in conjunction with detailed lifetime analysis employed for the first time on this nucleus. Large-scale shell-model calculations, without consideration of excitations across the N = 82 shell closure, were performed and provide a consistent description of the experimental level scheme. The structure of the isomeric states and their decays exhibit coexistence of proton, neutron, and strongly mixed configurations due to p. interaction in overlapping orbitals for both proton and neutron holes.
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| 8. |
- Gadea, A, et al.
(författare)
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Hindered E4 decay of the 12(+) yrast trap in Fe-52
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 619:1-2, s. 88-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gamma decay of the 12(+) yrast trap in Fe-52 has been measured for the first time. The two E4 gamma-branches to the 8(+) states are hindered with respect to other B(E4) reduced transition probabilities measured in the f(7/2) shell. The interpretation of the data is given in the full pf shell model framework, comparing the results obtained with different residual interactions. It is shown that measurements of hexadecapole transition probabilities constitute a powerful tool in discriminating the correct configuration of the involved wavefunctions.
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| 9. |
- Kirsebom, O. S., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the 2+→0+ ground-state transition in the β decay of F 20
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. - 2469-9985. ; 100:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the first detection of the second-forbidden, nonunique, 2+→0+, ground-state transition in the β decay of F20. A low-energy, mass-separated F+20 beam produced at the IGISOL facility in Jyväskylä, Finland, was implanted in a thin carbon foil and the β spectrum measured using a magnetic transporter and a plastic-scintillator detector. The β-decay branching ratio inferred from the measurement is bβ=[0.41±0.08(stat)±0.07(sys)]×10-5 corresponding to logft=10.89(11), making this one of the strongest second-forbidden, nonunique β transitions ever measured. The experimental result is supported by shell-model calculations and has significant implications for the final evolution of stars that develop degenerate oxygen-neon cores. Using the new experimental data, we argue that the astrophysical electron-capture rate on Ne20 is now known to within better than 25% at the relevant temperatures and densities.
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| 10. |
- Madurga, M., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of a new state in Be-11 observed in the Li-11 beta-decay
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 677:5, s. 255-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coincidences between charged particles emitted in the beta-decay of Li-11 were observed using highly segmented detectors. The breakup channels involving three particles were Studied in full kinematics allowing for the reconstruction of the excitation energy of the Be-11 states participating in the decay. In particular, the contribution of a previously unobserved state at 16.3 MeV in Be-11 has been identified selecting the alpha + He-7 -> alpha + He-6 + n channel. The angular correlations between the alpha particle and the center of mass of the He-6 + n system favors spin and parity assignment of 3/2(-) for this state as well as for the previously known state at 18 MeV. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 11. |
- Eichler, M., et al.
(författare)
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THE ROLE OF FISSION IN NEUTRON STAR MERGERS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE r-PROCESS PEAKS
- 2015
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 808:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparing observational abundance features with nucleosynthesis predictions of stellar evolution or explosion simulations, we can scrutinize two aspects: (a) the conditions in the astrophysical production site and (b) the quality of the nuclear physics input utilized. We test the abundance features of r-process nucleosynthesis calculations for the dynamical ejecta of neutron star merger simulations based on three different nuclear mass models: The Finite Range Droplet Model, the (quenched version of the) Extended Thomas Fermi Model with Strutinsky Integral, and the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov mass model. We make use of corresponding fission barrier heights and compare the impact of four different fission fragment distribution models on the final r-process abundance distribution. In particular, we explore the abundance distribution in the second r-process peak and the rare-earth sub-peak as a function of mass models and fission fragment distributions, as well as the origin of a shift in the third r-process peak position. The latter has been noticed in a number of merger nucleosynthesis predictions. We show that the shift occurs during the r-process freeze-out when neutron captures and beta-decays compete and an (n,gamma)-(gamma,n) equilibrium is no longer maintained. During this phase neutrons originate mainly from fission of material above A = 240. We also investigate the role of beta-decay half-lives from recent theoretical advances, which lead either to a smaller amount of fissioning nuclei during freeze-out or a faster (and thus earlier) release of fission neutrons, which can (partially) prevent this shift and has an impact on the second and rare-earth peak as well.
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| 12. |
- Grewe, E. W., et al.
(författare)
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Studies on the double-beta decay nucleus Zn-64 using the (d,He-2) reaction
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 77:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The (d,He-2) charge-exchange reaction on the double-beta decay (beta beta) nucleus Zn-64 has been studied at an incident energy of 183 MeV. The two protons in the S-1(0) state (indicated as He-2) were both momentum analyzed and detected simultaneously by the BBS magnetic spectrometer and its position-sensitive detector. He-2 spectra with a resolution of about 115 keV (FWHM) have been obtained allowing identification of many levels in the residual nucleus Cu-64 with high precision. Zn-64 is one of the rare cases undergoing a beta beta decay in beta(+) direction. In the experiment presented here, Gamow-Teller (GT(+)) transition strengths have been extracted. Together with the GT(-) transition strengths from Ni-64(He-3,t) data to the same intermediate nucleus Cu-64, the nuclear matrix elements of the beta beta decay of Zn-64 have been evaluated. Finally, the GT(+/-) distributions are compared with shell-model calculations and a critical assessment is given of the various residual interactions presently employed for the pf shell.
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| 13. |
- Kirsebom, O. S., et al.
(författare)
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Discovery of an Exceptionally Strong β -Decay Transition of F 20 and Implications for the Fate of Intermediate-Mass Stars
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007. ; 123:26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A significant fraction of stars between 7 and 11 solar masses are thought to become supernovae, but the explosion mechanism is unclear. The answer depends critically on the rate of electron capture on Ne20 in the degenerate oxygen-neon stellar core. However, because of the unknown strength of the transition between the ground states of Ne20 and F20, it has not previously been possible to fully constrain the rate. By measuring the transition, we establish that its strength is exceptionally large and that it enhances the capture rate by several orders of magnitude. This has a decisive impact on the evolution of the core, increasing the likelihood that the star is (partially) disrupted by a thermonuclear explosion rather than collapsing to form a neutron star. Importantly, our measurement resolves the last remaining nuclear physics uncertainty in the final evolution of degenerate oxygen-neon stellar cores, allowing future studies to address the critical role of convection, which at present is poorly understood
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| 14. |
- Nilsson, Thomas, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Muonic radioactive atoms - a unique probe for nuclear structure
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 746, s. 513C-517C
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Muonic atoms have been a source of high-precision experimental nuclear structure data for decades, through muonic X-rays that yield information on nuclear charge distributions. The intense driver beams for production of radioactive beams in so-called second generation facilities will simultaneously be capable of producing unprecedented amounts of low-energy muons. This paper concerns some of the potential synergies of combining unions with radioactive nuclei. as one possible new tool to be used at future RIB facilities. As a case study, muonic capture rates into highly excited states in Ni-78 have been calculated.
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| 15. |
- Rosswog, Stephan, et al.
(författare)
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Detectability of compact binary merger macronovae
- 2017
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Ingår i: Classical and quantum gravity. - : IOP Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 34:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the optical and near-infrared luminosities and detectability of radioactively powered electromagnetic transients ('macronovae') occuring in the aftermath of binary neutron star and neutron star black hole mergers. We explore the transients that result from the dynamic ejecta and those from different types of wind outflows. Based on full nuclear network simulations we calculate the resulting light curves in different wavelength bands. We scrutinize the robustness of the results by comparing (a) two different nuclear reaction networks and (b) two macronova models. We explore in particular how sensitive the results are to the production of alpha-decaying trans-lead nuclei. We compare two frequently used mass models: the finite-range Droplet model (FRDM) and the nuclear mass model of Duflo and Zuker (DZ31). We find that the abundance of alpha-decaying trans-lead nuclei has a significant impact on the observability of the resulting macronovae. For example, the DZ31 model yields considerably larger abundances resulting in larger heating rates and thermalization efficiencies and therefore predicts substantially brighter macronova transients. We find that the dynamic ejecta from NSNS models can reach peak K-band magnitudes in excess of -15 while those from NSBH cases can reach beyond -16. Similar values can be reached by some of our wind models. Several of our models (both wind and dynamic ejecta) yield properties that are similar to the transient that was observed in the aftermath of the short GRB 130603B. We further explore the expected macronova detection frequencies for current and future instruments such as VISTA, ZTF and LSST.
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| 16. |
- Weissman, L., et al.
(författare)
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beta(+) decay of Ga-61
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 65:4, s. 054314-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mirror beta(+) decay of Ga-61 was investigated by means of beta- and gamma-ray spectrometry at the ISOLDE-PSB facility using laser ionization and mass separation. The results for the Ga-61 half-life and the Q(EC) value are 168(3) ms and 9255(50) keV, respectively. The beta-decay strength to the ground and low-lying excited states of the daughter Zn-61 was deduced. The experimental results are in a good agreement with large-scale shell-model calculations.
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