| 1. |
- Feiz, Roozbeh, et al.
(författare)
-
A corridor striving for sustainability - Reflecting upon PhD education at a Swedish University
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper, we present an overview of interdisciplinary research from Ph.D. students working at the Division of Environmental Technology and Management at Linköping University, Sweden. Each of the Ph.D. students addresses the overall challenge of sustainability transitions in their research, although the themes and content of research varies considerably between individuals, encompassing research on actors, networks, products, materials, services and systems from the public and private sector, operating locally, regionally, nationally and internationally. The scientific literature and methods used to frame and conduct studies varies considerably within the group, as does the individual focus on immediate issues of sustainability.
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| 2. |
- Kambanou, Marianna Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Business models and product designs that prolong the lifetime of construction workwear: Success, failure and environmental impacts
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - : ELSEVIER. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 206
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The workwear market is growing, but ways to reduce its environmental impacts remain unexplored. We investigate product designs and business models that prolong the lifetime of construction workwear in the Swedish context. Lifecycle Assessments, user interviews, focus groups, user trials, user survey, provider interviews, and participatory workshops were combined to (i) understand the status quo of the workwear market, (ii) develop six product designs and business models for circular workwear, and (iii) assess and trial them in practice. This was done from a user, customer, provider, and environmental perspective. All product design and business model innovations (design for durability, design for repair, design for washing, repair-as-a-service, washing-and-repair-as-a-service, workwear-as-a-service) are expected to improve environmental performance, however, some approaches proved ineffective due to lacking user acceptance or economic viability. Insights into the workwear industry's status quo and entirely novel knowledge on workwear consumption, challenges, and opportunities for an extended workwear lifetime in a circular economy are reported.
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| 3. |
- Kambanou, Marianna Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Circular workwear in construction and industry : Environmental, economic, legal, and provider and customer perspectives
- 2023
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Europeiska unionen (EU) har identifierat textilier som en av de sju nyckelproduktsvärdekedjor som behöver ökad cirkularitet. Syftet med detta projekt har varit att ur ett miljömässigt, ekonomiskt, juridiskt och leverantörs- och kundperspektiv undersöka potentiella cirkulära affärsmodeller för arbetskläder, samt resulterande förändringar av deras design. Fokus har varit på arbetskläder för små och medelstora företag (SME) inom bygg- och anläggningsbranschen. Undersökningen inkluderar användbarheten av olika design- och affärsmodellsförändringar som kan påverka resursförbrukningen och därmed bidra till en mer cirkulär ekonomi.Ett nyckelresultat baserat på LCA är att alla undersökta förändringar, jämfört med en linjär modell, sannolikt kommer att leda till minskad miljöpåverkan för alla undersökta miljöeffektkategorier. Dessutom identifierades inga större juridiska hinder, även om vissa affärsmodeller kräver noggrann avtalsformulering. Flera förändringar leder dock inte till "bra affärer", antingen på grund av bristande acceptans hos användarna eller på grund av att de inte är ekonomiskt bärkraftiga.Att designa och erbjuda arbetskläder med lång livslängd är en affärsmodell som många företag framgångsrikt implementerar. De flesta påstår att deras produkter är hållbara utan standardiserat sätt mäta.En undersökt designförändring som vunnit accepts på marknaden och som erbjuds av projektpartnerföretaget CIRK-L är de avtagbara verktygsfickorna som möjliggör tätare och enklare tvätt och därmed längre livslängd för arbetskläder.Tvättjänster och allt-i-ett-avtal som också möjliggör effektivare och frekventare tvätt accepteras dock inte i samma utsträckning. De visar sig vara logistiskt svåra att implementera, främst på grund av att arbetare frekvent byter arbetsplatser. De ansågs också vara för dyra för detta kundsegment, även om de framgångsrikt har tillämpats på andra segment inom industrin för arbetskläder. En anledning är att användaren för närvarande står för kostnaderna för transport och tvätt, medan dessa kontrakt skulle flytta denna kostnad till arbetsgivaren. Flera positiva värdeaspekter hittades med dessa undersökta affärsmodeller men inte tillräckligt för att uppväga kostnaderna och de praktiska utmaningarna.Reparationstjänster baserade på reservdelar som kan bytas ut av användaren, såsom de av partnerföretaget CIRK-L erbjudna avtagbara underbenen på arbetsbyxor, förväntas vara ekonomiskt lönsamma. Då arbetskläder är relativt billiga är reparationer som involverar skräddare endast marginellt billigare än att köpa nytt då arbets- och fraktkostnader är dyra. Det innebär att kunden föredrar att köpa nytt. Flera åtgärder kan dock vidtas för att 6 förbättra situationen genom att adressera beteendeproblem kopplade till reparationer, vilket gör leveranskedjorna mer effektiva. Det finns även behov av att förbättra stödsystemen som möjliggör reparationer, t ex it- och distributionslösningar. Vissa initiala pilotprojekt och mindre satsningar som rör återanvändning eller användning för nya ändamål har identifierats men dessa kräver mer forskning.Avslutningsvis, konsumtionsmönster för arbetskläder har också identifierats och det finns vissa tecken på överkonsumtion som bör studeras noggrannare.
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| 4. |
- Kanda, Wisdom, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
An exploratory expansion of the concept of product-service systems beyond products and services
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier. - 2212-8271. ; 73, s. 185-190
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product-Service Systems (PSS) are seen as an important part inmoving towards increased environmental sustainability within the holisticconcept of a circular economy. While PSS are increasingly prevalent inindustry and a multitude of methods and tools have been developed to aidtheir implementation and use, this paper argues that the concept may bemeaningfully extended beyond the design and provision of products andservices alone to include large technical systems. Through a literaturereview and the analysis of four case studies, commonalities anddifferences between PSS and large technical systems are identified. Whilethis only constitutes a first step into the expansion of the scope of PSSand additional, more applied research is required, the PSS concept isdiscussed as a key facilitator of improved environmental performance ofindustrial activities and consumption if applied on a system-level.
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| 5. |
- Kimita, Koji, et al.
(författare)
-
A practical approach for managing uncertainty in remanufacturing : Identifying leverage points using design structure matrix
- 2020
-
Ingår i: <em>Proceedings of the ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference</em>. - USA : ASME Press. - 9780791883952
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Remanufacturing is a crucial component for our societies tomove toward a circular economy. Compared to newmanufacturing, the distinctive nature of remanufacturing isfound to have high variability, high uncertainty and, thereby,complexity. Therefore, remanufacturers need to enhance theirability to adjust their systems flexibly. Especially, the ability toreconfigure the production planning and control is crucial forreacting to the high variability and uncertainty. However, fewpractical methods to do that are available so far. Therefore, tosolve this problem, this paper aims to propose a method fordesigning processes of production planning and control inremanufacturing based on the concept of loosely coupledsystems. In the proposed method, Design Structure Matrix(DSM) is applied to identify loosely coupled subsystems thatenable to localize impacts of changes within themselves. Thesesubsystems are also utilized to appropriately determine leveragepoints, as well as allocate human resource. Through theapplication to a real case of remanufacturing, the proposedmethod was found to be effective for reconfiguring teams andprocesses for production planning and control depending ongiven uncertainties, as well as performing production planningand control activities efficiently.
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| 6. |
- Koji, Kimita, et al.
(författare)
-
A Method for Remanufacturing Process Planning and Control Using Loosely Coupled Systems
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing science and engineering. - : ASME. - 1087-1357 .- 1528-8935. ; 143:10, s. 1-17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Remanufacturing is a crucial component for our societies to move toward a circular economy. Compared with new manufacturing, the distinctive nature of remanufacturing is found to have high variability, high uncertainty and, thereby, complexity. Therefore, remanufacturers need to be able to adapt to the complexity and to flexibly adjust their processes. Especially, the ability to remanufacturing process planning and control is important. However, few practical methods supporting that are available so far. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a method for designing teams and processes in remanufacturing based on the concept of loosely coupled systems. In the proposed method, design structure matrix (DSM) is applied to identify loosely coupled sub-systems that enable to localize impacts of changes within themselves. These sub-systems are also regarded as cross-functional teams that reduce coordination efforts among line departments and, therefore, increase the adaptability against uncertainties. As a preliminary validation, the proposed method was applied to a real case of remanufacturing, and then found to be effective for creating teams and processes for remanufacturing process planning and control depending on given uncertainties.
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| 7. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, 1987-
(författare)
-
Capturing and Enhancing Provider Benefits in Product-Service Systems – A Systematic, Design-Centered Approach
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Offerings comprised of jointly designed and provided products and services (Product-Service Systems, PSS) are a cornerstone of a future circular economy. Implementing a design process aimed at facilitating the provision of PSS with a lifecycle focus is seen as an important step in implementing these new types of offerings. Challenges with this have been reported, and examples of companies offering PSS without adjustments to existing, product sales-centric design processes are found in literature. It is the assumption of the research presented, that one cause for this can be the lacking understanding for the full provider benefits obtainable through providing PSS, particularly increased material efficiency and thus, improved environmental performance. To combat this, this article reports a systematic approach to capturing information on the key indicators of benefits throughout the lifecycle as well as to enhancing future designs with a focus on these benefits. To this end, two methods are presented: Provider Value Analysis (PVA) supports the collection of important, provider-centered value dimensions in the use phase of the PSS lifecycle. Provider Value Evaluation (ProVa) guides the inclusion of the identified value dimensions as KPIs into the design phase and supports the enhancement of PPS design with a focus on the provider’s benefits throughout the lifecycle. In order to support the utility of these methods and to propose a first set of broadly applicable value dimensions, this article further reports a case study carried out with an industrial company and Original Equipment Manufacturer over the course of two years, applying the proposed systematic approach. As a result, by clarifying provider benefits throughout the entire lifecycle of a PSS offering, and by providing a systematic way towards capturing and enhancing these benefits, this article aims to clarify the incentives for adaptations to the existing design processes in industry and hopes to encourage companies to take advantage of the obtainable efficiency benefits of PSS, leading to improved overall environmental performance.
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| 8. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Capturing and enhancing provider value in product-service systems throughout the lifecycle : A systematic approach
- 2020
-
Ingår i: CIRP - Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology. - : Elsevier. - 1755-5817 .- 1878-0016. ; 29:1, s. 191-204
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the transition from product seller to product-service system (PSS) provider implies fundamental changes in both value creation for customers and value capture by the provider, prior research has largely focused on the investigation and enhancement of customer value through PSSs. In contrast, a discussion of the changes in how providers attain value and support to enhance this in industrial practice is lacking at this time. This article presents a systematic, empirically-based approach to analyze and enhance PSS providers’ value capture throughout the lifecycle. This is achieved by two methods provider value analysis (PVA) facilitates a structured assessment of the value capture during the provision of PSSs in the use phase of the lifecycle, while provider value evaluation (ProVa) operationalizes the results of this analysis in the design phase to facilitate an improved value capture in the coming iteration. As the approach was developed in close collaboration with a large-scale PSS provider, the article further reports the results of its application in a case study spanning two years. As a result of using PVA, value dimensions of broad relevance for PSS providers are presented, supported by findings of applying the method at an additional PSS provider. Through the approach presented and case study results attained, the article points out how the design and management of a PSS, focusing on the provider’s value and available benefits throughout the lifecycle, can be enhanced in industry, while extending the academic body of knowledge on the value capture of PSS providers and its implications for PSS design and provision.
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| 9. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
-
Circular economy indicators for the design and procurement of plastic products in the healthcare sector – a review
- 2024
-
Ingår i: 31st CIRP Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, LCE 2024. - : Elsevier BV. ; , s. 1095-1100
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Policymakers in the EU are betting on a transition from a linear to a circular economy to ensure human activity remains within the planet's boundaries. Public procurement is vital in this context, e.g., accounting for 20% of Swedish GDP, with circular public procurement being critical to the transition. Although circular public procurement is garnering increasing interest, until now, the research focus in this area has been narrow, concentrating on, e.g., IT equipment or furniture. Plastic medical products have remained absent in the literature despite generating substantial environmental impact and offering a tremendous upside. To enable the application of circular economy strategies in this context, changes are required on two ends: the design of the products and the criteria under which the products are procured. Indicators are a central basis of any purchasing decision and are considered powerful enablers and drivers of the transition to a circular economy. This paper reviews circular economy indicators as a starting point toward guidelines for the circular design and procurement of plastic products in the healthcare sector. Thus, this review identifies critical factors for developing a comprehensive indicator for designing and procuring circular plastic medical products.
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| 10. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
-
Circular indicators for the design and procurement of plastic products in the healthcare sector - A review
- 2024
-
Ingår i: 31st CIRP Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, LCE 2024. - : Elsevier B.V.. ; , s. 891-896
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A critical shift is required to meet the challenges reflected in the sustainable development goals. Policymakers in the EU are betting on a transition from a linear to a circular economy to make this happen. Public procurement is vital in this context, e.g., accounting for 20% of Swedish GDP, with circular public procurement being critical to the transition. Until now, the research focus in this area has been narrower, concentrating on, e.g., IT equipment or furniture. However, plastic medical products have not been addressed despite generating substantial environmental impact and offering a tremendous upside. To enable the application of circular economy strategies in this context, changes are required on two ends: the design of the products and the criteria under which the products are procured. Indicators are the central basis of decision-making in any purchasing decision and are considered powerful enablers and drivers of the transition to a circular economy. This paper reviews circular indicators as a starting point toward guidelines for the circular design and procurement of plastic products in the healthcare sector. Based on this, critical factors for developing a comprehensive indicator for the design and procurement of circular plastic medical products are identified.
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| 11. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Designing and providing integrated product-service systems : challenges, opportunities and solutions resulting from prescriptive approaches in two industrial companies
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Production Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0020-7543 .- 1366-588X. ; 56:6, s. 2150-2168
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to customer pressure and growing competition, industrial companies are increasingly moving towards providing integrated offerings of products and services (PSS). Despite this trend, literature providing a deep understanding of the challenges associated with this transition is limited, while publications discussing approaches that focus on overcoming these challenges are particularly lacking. This article is based on a multi-case study of two Swedish industrial companies undergoing the transition to designing and providing PSS. It reports on the challenges identified at the case companies as well as opportunities arising from and solutions to these challenges. Subsequent to initial research on the challenges, prescriptive approaches such as a life cycle costing method and a PSS design method were applied in the case companies over an extended time frame. On the one hand, these prescriptive approaches provided both a deeper understanding of the challenges, which include a persistent product centred mindset, a lack of adjustment to changed incentive structures and the separation of product and service design. On the other hand, they also led to effective solutions such as focusing on customer value and introducing a PSS transition facilitator for the design team. These solutions were adapted to the situations in the respective companies and they partly went beyond the prescriptive measures first introduced. Therefore, the article shows the applicability of prescriptive approaches and methods to detect, understand and alleviate the challenges of PSS design and provision. Further, the article provides broadly applicable learning for industrial companies undergoing this process.
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| 12. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, 1987-
(författare)
-
Effective and efficient design and provision of product-service systems : challenges, opportunities, and solutions
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The world manufacturing companies operate in is changing. In the past, these companies relied on the design and sale of products. Today, this linear model of business is becoming increasingly insufficient. As customers are more and more focused on their core business, buying and operating machinery and other goods becomes unattractive to them. In response to this, manufacturing companies are expanding their value capture into additional stages of the product lifecycle by providing integrated offerings of products and services — Product-Service Systems (PSSs).Designing and providing PSSs is fundamentally different from traditional product sales. Expanding to become a PSS provider is, therefore, challenging for companies with a history of designing and selling products. Departing from this, it is the aim of this thesis to support manufacturing companies in their expansion to effective and efficient design and provision of PSSs. The research reported has both descriptive and prescriptive properties, reflecting the goals of understanding the status quo in manufacturing companies’ practice and providing support based on this.To establish a point of departure, the current design and provision of two manufacturing companies expanding their business towards PSSs was investigated. From this, an in-depth understanding of the status quo and a number of challenges emerged.Based on this, the research had the goal to contribute to identifying and developing solutions to these challenges, with an initial focus on methods supporting PSS design and provision. However, although methods fitting to the challenges identified exist, they appear to receive limited uptake in manufacturing companies’ practice. In order to improve their practical utility, a structured method is proposed to assist users in both academia and practice in developing methods in a requirements-oriented fashion. The utility of methods in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of PSS design and provision is thereby to be enhanced.A particular challenge for manufacturing companies expanding to become PSS providers is the change in how value is captured: Resulting from the extensive involvement throughout the lifecycle, a need for a broader, multidimensional understanding of value capture was identified. However, the manufacturing companies investigated have been found to experience challenges in grasping this change, with a focus on a product sales-centric understanding of value capture remaining prevalent. To support companies towards reaping the benefits of the expansion to PSS design and provision, methods to explore how value is currently created and captured in the use phase and how to enhance the future value capture based on that information in the design phase have been developed and applied. As a result, broadly relevant value dimensions were attained, aiming to facilitate a lifecycle-focused, effective, and efficient design and provision of PSSs.Eventually, to broaden the understanding of effective and efficient design and provision of PSSs in practice today, the potential contributions of real-world PSSs to a circular economy were investigated based on an existing framework. The result was ambiguous, indicating both advancements compared to traditional sales and substantial room for improvement, particularly with a focus on the absolute decoupling of economic activity and resource use.Based on the synthesis of the research results, manufacturing companies are supported in their expansion to effective and efficient design and provision of PSSs — and towards a promising future.
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| 13. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes
(författare)
-
Evaluation and optimization of Product/Service Systems within the development process
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We live in a world that is evolving and changing faster than ever. Paradigms are set, and revoked the next day. One of these paradigms, that have fueled the prosperity of market economies all around the world in most of the 20th century, is growth. More production leads to more consumption and an increased standard of living. Today, hardly anyone in academia or politics sees a future of prosperity through the growth of production and sales of physical products alone. Scarcity of resources is a fact we are faced with today and even more so when looking ahead to the next 30 years or so. Different ways of creating value without destroying the very base of our existence must be contrived while attempting to maintain the standards of living in the developed world and providing emerging countries with a fair chance for prosperity in the future.Product-Service Systems (PSS) are one possible way of creating added value and thus growth, but disconnecting this growth from an increase in material consumption and therefore resource depletion (as discussed e.g. by Manzini et al., 2001). This issue will be discussed further in chapter 2.4. By combining products and services, developing them in an integrated manner and approaching their design and operation from a life-cycle perspective, offerings can be conceived that reduce the strain on the environment through different effects but allow for new sources of revenue, growth and prosperity to be discovered. As mentioned by Meier et al. (2010), the portion of the GDP created through service activities in Japan (69%), Germany (70%) and the USA (75%) surpasses that of the industrial sector by a large margin. Combining the two and making use of the resulting synergies is a main objective of the research on Product-Service Systems in roughly the past decade. Current research will be examined in the following chapter to fully explain PSS and why it holds such great potential, both from an environmental as well as an economic perspective.One of the main focuses of research in the field of PSS is PSS development. Since an integrated approach of product and service development is the explicit aim of most PSS design strategies (e.g. Lindahl et al., 2006), traditional means of product development known and successfully applied in engineering design do not apply to the world of PSS or must be altered and adapted to do so. This issue is discussed in detail in chapter 3 of this thesis. The PSS-design method SPIPS (Toward Solution Provider - Through Integrated Product and Service Development), introduced in Sakao et al. (2009) and extended in Sakao and Lindahl (2012) is one possible approach to PSS design that is introduced and related to this thesis in chapter 3.5. At this point, although possessing a verified method for consumer-value assessment (Sakao and Lindahl, 2012), the method is lacking an approach toward the assessment of the producer-value of PSS components and offerings. This thesis aims to fill this void.The primary aim of this thesis is to provide a structured method to assess the producer value (PV) of components and combinations of components (offerings) of Product/ Service Systems. This goal is intended to be reached through answering the following sub-questions or completing these tasks:Provision of an introduction to PSS and current research as well as definitionsfor the most important terminologyDiscussion of traditional product development, interfaces with PSS and review of literature relevant to thisReview of methods of producer value assessment and extraction of useful issuesDiscussion of uncertainty, interdependency and cost within the scope of producer value evaluation in PSS design, derivation of possible solutions and issues for further researchFinding a way to quantify producer valueDescribing the structure of the method proposedOutlining the possible realization of the method in a software environmentApplying the findings to an example of realistic nature
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| 14. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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Facilitating Industrial Adoption of Design Methods for Product-Service Systems
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of Engineering Design (ICED15). - : DESIGN SOC. - 9781904670704 ; , s. 301-310
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In contrast to increasing evidence detailing both economic and environmental advantages of Product-Service Systems (PSS), the number of PSS provided in the market is still limited. Limited adoption in general can in part be linked to a limited implementability of PSS-focused design methods.This paper aims to provide a first account of characteristics intended to support developers of PSS design methods in providing high levels of implementability and usability. Since fields adjacent to PSS design, such as engineering design or eco-design, have experienced similar challenges in method adoption, literature focusing on this was reviewed. The applicability of the challenges found for PSS design methods was subsequently evaluated with a questionnaire among practitioners involved with the trial of a PSS design method over an extended timeframe. In order to tackle the challenges identified, beneficial properties found in the literature on PSS design methods were utilized in order to derive six characteristics. These are intended as a first orientation for developers aiming to facilitate a broad adoption and use of PSS design methods, and as a discussion basis in the research community.
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| 15. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
-
ProVa – Provider Value Evaluation for Integrated Product Service Offerings
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier. - 2212-8271. ; 30, s. 305-310
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through the provision of integrated products and services, solution providers have more to gain than solely profit. This paper introduces the concept of provider value, which is novel in the area of integrated products and services. Further, a method is proposed (ProVa) to identify and evaluate the provider value of an integrated product service offering (IPSO) during the development process. ProVa allows for an assessment in terms of monetary value, but also with respect to other categories such as information and customer relations. In addition, aspects such as uncertainty and experience curve effects are considered.The functionality of ProVa is shown by application to a case in IPSO design.
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| 16. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, 1987-
(författare)
-
PSS without PSS design : possible causes, effects and solutions
- 2016. - 1
-
Ingår i: Sustainability Through Innovation in Product Life Cycle Design. - Singapore : Springer. - 9789811004698 - 9789811004711 ; , s. 233-248
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product-Service Systems (PSS) are seen as a cornerstone of a future circular economy. However, in order to achieve the desired environmental benefits, the industrial implementation of PSS design is key. This chapter discusses the apparent lack of an adaptation of design processes to PSS or adoption of PSS design methods within companies, which are nevertheless successfully offering PSS. Based on experiences at two companies and under close regard of the relevant literature, possible causes of this lack of method adaptation/adoption are discussed, and the effects this may have are deliberated. Lastly, potential solutions to this issue and ways forward are introduced and reflected upon focusing on the companies.
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| 17. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes
(författare)
-
Unintended Circularity? Assessing a Product-Service System for its Potential Contribution to a Circular Economy
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 11:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product-service systems (PSSs) are seen as valuable facilitators of a circular economy (CE) on a business level. However, that PSSs contribute to a CE is not a given and is determined by the chosen PSS business model and strategy applied throughout the entire lifecycle. Thus, in order to support companies in implementing circular business models such as PSSs, an increasing number of frameworks and methods have been proposed in prior research. This article hypothesizes that many industrial companies are expanding to become PSS providers with neither such support nor a strong sustainability focus. There is a gap in the literature regarding the potential contribution of such PSSs to a CE. Thus, the research reported aims to provide initial insight regarding whether unintended circularity, i.e., an unintended contribution to a CE, may occur when becoming a PSS provider. Applying and adapting an existing framework for the assessment of PSSs potential contribution to a CE, the use-oriented PSS of an industrial company was assessed in-depth. Results regarding the relative resource reduction and the prospect of achieving absolute resource decoupling are reported and discussed. While relative improvements over product sales are identified, e.g., resulting from end-of-life efforts on reuse and remanufacturing, opportunities for additional enhancement are found, e.g., in adjustments of the PSS design process. Concerning absolute resource decoupling, a fundamental challenge lies in the use-oriented PSSs dependency on an increasing number of physical components as the companys business expands. This article advances the discussion on PSSs potential contributions to a CE with an in-depth empirical study. For practitioners, the results reported expand on important aspects of efficient and effective PSS provision throughout the lifecycle.
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| 18. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, 1987-
(författare)
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What’s in it for the Provider? : A Lifecycle-Focused Approach towards Designing for Value in Product-Service Systems
- 2016
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Combining products and services into Product-Service Systems (PSS), which are often owned and even operated by the company offering them, is seen as an important element of conducting more sustainable business. The prospective environmental benefits of PSS lie mainly in the improved resource- and operational efficiency. This is achieved by way of a critical shift in incentive structure: If an industrial company assumes responsibility for an offering throughout the lifecycle, the terms on which that company operates are changed substantially in comparison to traditional product sales. Instead of benefiting from a short lifetime through additional sales opportunities or making profit through the sale of spare parts, in highly integrated PSS, each parts exchange, each technicians’ visit and each day the lifetime of the offering is reduced directly affects the bottom line of the provider. Due to that, solely as a result of economic rationality, a provider of these offerings has an incentive to design in such a way that the life of this offering is prolonged, need for spare parts is reduced, service activities are facilitated and simplified, and that the conditions are in place to allow for a second or third life of the offering through remanufacturing. Regardless of this compelling logic, at times, industrial companies fail to establish the preconditions to capturing these benefits as they continue to rely on product and sales-centric design processes even though they provide PSS.This thesis aims to examine this unexploited opportunity from two vantage points. On the one hand, methods conceived in academia to support industry in implementing and executing joint, lifecycle-focused design of products and services, and the use of these methods in practice, are examined. Here, the focus firstly lies on understanding how PSS are designed today, and secondly, on what should change about PSS design methods to improve their implementability and usability in industrial practice, so that they can fulfill their supposed role as facilitators of efficient PSS design and operation. On the other hand, the possible benefits of providing specifically designed and lifecycle-focused PSS as an industrial company are in focus. To this end, the value attained by providers throughout the use phase of PSS is investigated, to then identify possible approaches towards enhancing this value. Eventually, both focus-areas are joined in an effort to examine the interaction between method-supported, lifecycle-oriented PSS design and the value attained by providers of such offerings.As a result of the research, a lacking adaptation of design processes to PSS is identified in the case companies. Further, shortcomings of PSS design methods conceived in academia, e.g. excessive complexity, lacking clarity and rigidity, are found in both literature as well as in a study with an industrial company. To take a first step towards rectifying this issue, six characteristics intended to enhance implementability and usability of PSS design methods, are presented. The value attained by PSS providers has been found to be a complex but important subject. In a case study, value determinants of high relevance to the use phase of the lifecycle have been identified and assessed for their utility as indicators in the evaluation and enhancement of PSS offerings in the design phase. The practitioners involved were supportive of the applicability of the systematic approach presented to capture more value through offering PSS.In joining both the value- and method-oriented approach, the mutual dependency of both aspects is discussed. In order to provide PSS in an economically and environmentally efficient fashion, adapting the existing design processes is imperative. The value attained by the provider can, complementary to existing customer-centric approaches, serve as an important goal for the adaptation of design processes. Ultimately, through understanding the change in incentive structure at the core of PSS, and through implementing a value-driven design process supported by efficient and effective methods aimed at providing both customer value and capturing provider benefits throughout the lifecycle, there is a genuine potential of conducting more sustainable business.
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| 19. |
- Matschewsky, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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Whats in it for the Provider? The Case of a Telecom Vendors Value Capturing from the Transition to Product-Service Systems
- 2016
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Ingår i: PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEMS ACROSS LIFE CYCLE. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In adopting highly integrated Product-Service Systems (PSS), incentive structures change and the value attainable for providers throughout the lifecycle becomes an issue of growing complexity. Nonetheless, value for PSS providers has up to now not been considered in a multidimensional fashion. In an effort to move towards a characterization of providers value, an offering in the information communication technology sector was examined through an investigation with ten staff-members of Ericsson, Sweden. This led to a value-categorization, which can be utilized in the PSS design process to enhance the value captured throughout the lifecycle beyond immediate monetary benefit. In an effort to provide general learnings, the results are discussed with a focus on PSS business models, PSS design and management communication. Overall, the results presented provide a more comprehensive picture of what a provider has to gain from a PSS offering throughout its entire lifecycle. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V.
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| 20. |
- Neramballi, Abhijna, et al.
(författare)
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Toward a policy landscape to support the product-as-a-service design process for a circular economy
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Ecology. - : WILEY. - 1088-1980 .- 1530-9290.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the widely recognized potential of product-as-a-service (PaaS) business models to contribute to the circular economy, many industrial case studies have reported that several systemic factors tend to hinder product manufacturers from effectively designing such solutions. More specifically, factors such as linear value chains, organizational structures, and market and financial conditions tend to restrict the freedom of product manufacturers to design circular PaaS solutions effectively. In this article, we take a novel approach to advance the body of knowledge concerning the interactions between policies and circular PaaS designing. We first explore the potential of the existing policy landscape to support designing for a circular economy in the manufacturing industry. The results suggest that the existing policy landscape is primarily focused on regulating product design outcomes and is thus deemed unsuitable for supporting circular PaaS designing. Subsequently, we investigate the literature to uncover how internal and external systemic factors may hinder the implementation of the key facets of circular PaaS designing in the manufacturing industry. Based on these findings, we propose a prospective policy framework that includes a mix of complementary policy interventions that systemically target the identified internal and external factors to support the implementation of the key facets of circular PaaS designing.
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| 21. |
- Rondini, Alice, et al.
(författare)
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A simplified approach towards customer and provider value in PSS for small and medium-sized enterprises
- 2018
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Ingår i: 10th CIRP Conference on Industrial Product-Service Systems, IPS2 2018, 29-31 May 2018, Linköping, Sweden. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 61-66
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the provision of PSS is becoming more and more common, the transition toward a servitized business model is still critical. This is particularly true for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) due to their limited internal resources and ability to define a servitization strategy. A crucial aspect during this transition is the identification of the right solutions to be implemented into the business that must render high value capture for providers and create value for customers. While a literature review showed that a large number of evaluation methods are available, these are often complex and require substantial amounts of resources in order to be carried out. This paper aims at supporting companies in taking decisions during early design phases by proposing a method that combines two existing approaches: The EVA method and the ProVa method. The combined method simplifies the existing ones while aiming at an easy implementation and application in SMEs. It is composed of two steps, the first pursuing the identification of valuable concepts from both the customer and the provider perspective; the second pursuing an individual analysis of the components available for use in the concepts selected. The application of the simplified method in a student-case of a startup company seeking to enter the distributed mobility market highlights the ease of use of the method in rendering valuable PSS concepts and in evaluating its specific components.
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| 22. |
- Sakao, Tomohiko, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Avoid service design trap by guiding product/service system design with product-service dependency knowledge base
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Design Society. - : Cambridge University Press. ; , s. 1955-1964
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to contribute to the knowledge on product/service system (PSS) design practice as follows. First, a new rationale for why PSS design in practice often does not exploit its full potential is given based on a theory on inseparability of services. Second, a representation of the dependencies between product design parameters (DPs) and service DPs in a form of potential-dependency knowledge base is proposed as a remedy.Third, reusability of the knowledge captured from product-service integration across sectorial borders is shown with PSS design at a complex product manufacturer.
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| 23. |
- Sakao, Tomohiko, et al.
(författare)
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Creating service modules for customising product/service systems by extending DSM
- 2017
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Ingår i: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 66:1, s. 21-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Customising offerings effectively for customers’ needs and wants, yet maintaining the provider’s efficiency, is a challenging task. Modularisation is a key to achieve this, but insight on how to create modules for customising product/service systems (PSSs) is limited. This article proposes a new practical method that supports designers to create service modules by extending the DSM (Design Structure Matrix). The method has been applied to existing PSSs by an elevator manufacturer. It was found effective because it reduces complexity in customisation, and thus response time in service provision, as well as increases the chance of reusing previous designs.
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| 24. |
- Sakao, Tomohiko, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic improvement of lifecycle performance by leveraging product and service interdependencies – A case of a product for wind power generation systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 71:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Products and services are mutually dependant throughout the lifecycle, and the interdependencies present potential for exploitation to decrease the environmental impacts. However, effective yet practical support to realize this potential in industry is insufficient. This paper presents a procedure with a knowledge base that help uncover important latent interdependencies, partly implemented as an Excel-based tool, concretizing systemic lifecycle engineering. The procedure has been validated with an elevator and the related services for wind turbines, in collaboration with a manufacturer in Europe, showing potential environmental improvements quantitatively. Also, the importance of maintenance in renewable energy systems is discussed.
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