| 1. |
- Guieysse, B., et al.
(författare)
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Degradation of acenaphthene, phenanthrene and pyrene in a packed-bed biofilm reactor
- 2000
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Ingår i: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0175-7598 .- 1432-0614. ; 54:6, s. 826-831
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biofilm reactors are particularly suitable for the treatment of large amounts of diluted effluent, such as groundwater contaminated with scarcely soluble pollutants. A packed-bed column reactor was tested for the degradation of acenaphthene, phenanthrene and pyrene provided at their aqueous solubility concentrations. Acenapthene and phenanthrene were removed to more than 99% efficiency from this reactor whilst pyrene was removed to 90%. Pollutant disappearance was also recorded in the control reactor and was probably caused by the adsorption of pollutants into the reactor. The measurement of oxygen consumption in both reactors confirmed that microbial degradation of the pollutants was indeed occurring in the inoculated reactor. Physical adsorption is not however unwanted, as it could help with the formation of a biofilm at an early stage of the treatment.
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| 2. |
- Anwaar, I., et al.
(författare)
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Endothelial derived vasoactive factors and leukocyte derived inflammatory mediators in subjects with asymptomatic atherosclerosis
- 1998
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Ingår i: Angiology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0003-3197 .- 1940-1574. ; 49:12, s. 957-966
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To clarify relationships between the (endothelial vasodilatory and vasoconstrictive function) and leukocyte inflammatory mediators in subjects with asymptomatic atherosclerosis, we measured (intraplatelet cyclic 3', 5' guanosine monophosphate [cGMP] and cyclic 3', 5' adenosine monophosphate [cAMP]), plasma endothelin (ET-1), and plasma neopterin in 197 subjects with asymptomatic atherosclerosis (median age 63 years, range 49-69 years). We measured neutrophil protease 4 (NP4), tumor necrosis factor (TNFμ), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (sTNFR-1), and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) in 152 of the 197 subjects. Intraplatelet cGMP correlated inversely with plasma ET-1 (r=-0.22; p=0.01), which confirms earlier in vitro data of the inhibitory effect of ET-1 on NO production and/or the cGMP mediated inhibitory effect of NO on ET-1 production. Plasma neopterin as well as NP4 correlated directly with intraplatelet cGMP (r=0.24; p<0.01 and r=0.33; p<0.001, respectively). Intraplatelet cAMP correlated directly with plasma TNFμ (r=0.17; p<0.05) and sTNFR-1 (r=0.20; p<0.05). The relationship between leukocyte derived inflammatory mediators and intraplatelet cyclic nucleotides suggest an antiaggregating effect of leukocytes upon platelets, which may constitute a negative feedback mechanism that inhibits platelet activation during the atherosclerotic inflammatory process.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Punzi, Marisa, et al.
(författare)
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Combined anaerobic-ozonation process for treatment of textile wastewater : Removal of acute toxicity and mutagenicity
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3894 .- 1873-3336. ; 292, s. 52-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel set up composed of an anaerobic biofilm reactor followed by ozonation was used for treatment of artificial and real textile effluents containing azo dyes. The biological treatment efficiently removed chemical oxygen demand and color. Ozonation further reduced the organic content of the effluents and was very important for the degradation of aromatic compounds, as shown by the reduction of UV absorbance. The acute toxicity toward Vibrio fischeri and the shrimp Artemia salina increased after the biological treatment. No toxicity was detected after ozonation with the exception of the synthetic effluent containing the highest concentration, 1. g/l, of the azo dye Remazol Red. Both untreated and biologically treated textile effluents were found to have mutagenic effects. The mutagenicity increased even further after 1. min of ozonation. No mutagenicity was however detected in the effluents subjected to longer exposure to ozone. The results of this study suggest that the use of ozonation as short post-treatment after a biological process can be beneficial for the degradation of recalcitrant compounds and the removal of toxicity of textile wastewater. However, monitoring of toxicity and especially mutagenicity is crucial and should always be used to assess the success of a treatment strategy. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
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| 6. |
- Punzi, Marisa, et al.
(författare)
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Degradation of a textile azo dye using biological treatment followed by photo-Fenton oxidation : Evaluation of toxicity and microbial community structure
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 270, s. 290-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many commercial dye preparations are cocktails of active dyes and various by-products that are recalcitrant to biological degradation and end up in significant amounts in the effluent after the dyeing process. Conventional wastewater treatment processes are not able to degrade such compounds and detoxify the effluent, thus alternative treatments should be developed.In our work we suggest to use photo-Fenton oxidation as post-treatment after an anaerobic biofilm process, in a way to minimize the reagents needed. This process was used for treatment of synthetic textile wastewater containing the commercial azo dyestuff Remazol Red, starch and sodium chloride. The treated textile effluent had COD lower than 18. mg/l even when using initial Fenton reagents concentration as low as 1. mM ferrous ions and 10. mM hydrogen peroxide. The acute toxicity was higher in the biologically treated than in the untreated effluent. Photo-Fenton oxidation successfully reduced the toxicity and the final effluent was non-toxic to Artemia salina and Microtox, with the exception of the effluent containing high concentration of sodium chloride, which was moderately toxic to Microtox. For the first time the presence of algae was detected in a reactor treating textile wastewater using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE); bacteria and fungi were also abundant.The results of this study suggest that using advanced oxidation after biological treatment is an effective way to degrade the organic compounds and remove toxicity from textile effluents.
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| 7. |
- Svensson, P.J., et al.
(författare)
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The factor VR5O6Q mutation causing APC resistance is highly prevalent amongst unselected outpatients with clinically suspected deep venous thrombosis
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 241:5, s. 379-385
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Resistance to activated protein C (APC resistance), caused by a single point mutation in the factor V gene (FV:R506Q), is a major risk factor for venous thrombosis. As the significance of this mutation among unselected outpatients with deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) is not established, we have studied its prevalence among consecutive outpatients attending the emergency room due to a clinically suspected DVT. Design, setting and subjects. The FV:R506Q mutation was determined in 223 consecutive Swedish outpatients with clinically suspected DVT, and in 288 healthy controls. Using phlebography, the patients were classified as DVT-positive or DVT-negative. Main outcome measure. The prevalence of FV: R506Q mutation. Results. The prevalence of the FV:R506Q mutation was 28% (28/99) in the DVT-positive subgroup (relative risk: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.7 5.5), and 23% (28/124) in the DVT negative subgroup (relative risk: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1-3.6), as compared to 11% (32/288) in the control group. In the DVT-positive subgroup, the FV:R506Q mutation was most common among younger patients with primary thrombosis (47%) and least common among older patients with secondary thrombosis (19%). The high prevalence of FV:R506Q mutation among DVT-negative patients was associated with a high frequency of previous venous thrombosis. Thus, 46% (13/28) of the DVT-negative FV:R506Q carriers had a history of thrombosis, compared with only 22% (21/96) of the DVT-negative patients lacking the mutation (P = 0.01). Conclusion. To sum up, the FV:R506Q mutation is present in more than a quarter of Swedish DVT-positive outpatients with clinically suspected DVT, indicating that APC-resistance is a major thrombotic risk factor contributing to the high incidence of venous thrombosis in Sweden.
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| 8. |
- Ahlqvist, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Affinity binding of inclusion bodies on supermacroporous monolithic cryogels using labeling with specific antibodies
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-1656 .- 1873-4863. ; 122:2, s. 216-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new chromatographic method based on affinity supermacroporous monolithic cryogels is developed for binding and analyzing inclusion bodies during fermentation. The work demonstrated that it is possible to bind specific IgG and IgY antibodies to the 15 and 17 amino acids at the terminus ends of a 33 kDa target protein aggregated as inclusion bodies. The antibody treated inclusion bodies from lysed fermentation broth can be specifically retained in protein A and pseudo-biospecific ligand sulfamethazine modified supermacroporous cryogels. The degree of binding of IgG and IgY treated inclusion bodies to the Protein A and sulfamethazine gels are investigated, as well as the influence of pH on the sulfamethazine ligand. Optimum binding of 78 and 72% was observed on both protein A and sulfamethazine modified cryogel columns, respectively, using IgG labeling of the inclusion bodies. The antibody treated inclusion bodies pass through unretained in the sulfamethazine supermacroporous gel at pH that does not favour the binding between the ligand on the gel and the antibodies on the surface of inclusion bodies. Also the unlabeled inclusion bodies went through the gel unretained, showing no non-specific binding or trapping within the gel. These findings may very well be the foundation for the building of a powerful analytical tool during fermentation of inclusion bodies as well as a convenient way to purify them from fermentation broth. These results also support our earlier findings [Kumar, A., Plieva, F.M., Galaev, I.Yu., Mattiasson, B.. 2003. Affinity fractionation of lymphocytes using a monolithic cyogel. J. Immunol. Methods 283, 185-194] with mammalian cells that were surface labeled with specific antibodies and recognized on protein A supermacroporous gels. A general binding and separation system can be established on antibody binding cryogel affinity matrices.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Andersson, B Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Incomplete degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil inoculated with wood-rotting fungi and their effect on the indigenous soil bacteria
- 2003
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ; 22:6, s. 1238-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soil artificially contaminated with fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and benz[a]anthracene was inoculated with the wood-rotting fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Antrodia vaillantii. During 12 weeks of incubation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation and the formation of persistent degradation products were monitored by chemical analysis. In addition, the effect on the indigenous soil bacteria was studied by plate count techniques and by measuring the concentration of bacteria-specific phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). In both soils inoculated with fungi, the PAH degradation was enhanced compared to the control soil without fungi. The white-rot fungus P. ostreatus accelerated the degradation rate radically the first weeks, while the effect of the brown-rot fungus was more pronounced at later stages during the 12-week study. In a soil with no amendments, the final degradation result was similar to that in the soil with added fungi, although the degradation pattern for the individual PAHs was different. Furthermore, the degradation by P. ostreatus was accompanied by an accumulation of PAH metabolites, that is, 9-fluorenone, benz[a]anthracene-7,12-dione, and two compounds identified as 4-hydroxy-9-fluorenone and 4-oxapyrene-5-one, that was not seen in the other soils. The inoculation with the white-rot fungus also had a large negative effect on the indigenous soil bacteria. This could be an important drawback of using the white-rot fungus P. ostreatus in soil bioremediation since a sequential fungal–bacterial degradation probably is needed for a complete degradation of PAHs in soil. In the soil inoculated with A. vaillantii, on the other hand, no metabolites accumulated, and no negative effects were observed on the indigenous microorganisms.
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| 11. |
- Anwaar, I., et al.
(författare)
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Intraplatelet cyclic 3'-5' guanosine monophosphate is related to serum cholesterol
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Angiology. - 0392-9590. ; 15:3, s. 201-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nitric oxide (NO) exerts its vasodilator and antiaggregatory effects through activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and the consequent increase in the concentration of cGMP in target cells. We conducted this study in order to evaluate relationships between intraplatelet cGMP levels and risk factors for atherosclerosis in middle aged subjects. Intraplatelet cGMP was determined by radioimmunoassay and related to age, BMI, blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, HbA1c, smoking habit and intimal thickness of the common carotid artery in 265 subjects participating in a health survey (age 59 ± 6 years, range 48-68 years, 121 females, 144 males). Intraplatelet cGMP concentration was inversely correlated with total serum cholesterol (r = -0.18; p < 0.01) and HDL cholesterol (r = -0.14, p < 0.05) as well as with platelet count (r = -0.29; p < 0.001). When platelet count was adjusted for, only the correlation between total serum cholesterol and cGMP remained significant. No significant correlations could be demonstrated between intraplatelet cGMP levels and measurable parameters of atherosclerosis. Lower levels of the vasodilating and antiaggregating mediator cGMP in platelets are related to higher levels of serum total cholesterol. These results favour the hypothesis of a relationship between lipid levels and NO associated vasodilator and antiaggregating fuction in atherosclerosis.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Banabic, D., et al.
(författare)
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Sheet metal forming processes: Constitutive modelling and numerical simulation
- 2010
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The book gives a synthetic presentation of the research performed in the field of sheet metal forming simulation during more than twenty years by the members of three teams: the Research Centre on Sheet Metal Forming-CERTETA (Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania); AUTOFORM software-house company from Zürich, Switzerland and VOLVO automotive company from Sweden. The first chapter reminds some fundamental topics of the theory of plasticity. A more extended chapter is devoted to the presentation of the phenomenological yield criteria, emphasizing the formulations proposed by the CERTETA team (BBC models). The sheet metal formability is discussed in a separate chapter. After presenting the methods used for the formability assessment, the discussion focuses on the forming limit curves. In this context, the authors emphasize their contributions to the mathematical modeling of forming limit curves. The aspects related to the implementation of the constitutive models in finite-element codes are discussed in the last chapter of the book. The performances of the models are proved by the numerical simulation of various sheet metal forming processes: hydroforming, deep-drawing and forming of the complex parts. The book is useful for the students, doctoral fellows, researchers and engineers who are mainly interested in the mechanical modeling and numerical simulation of sheet metal forming processes.
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| 14. |
- Barani, Jamal, et al.
(författare)
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Suboptimal treatment of risk factors for atherosclerosis in critical limb ischemia
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Angiology. - 0392-9590 .- 1827-1839. ; 24:1, s. 59-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. The epidemiology of critical limb ischemia (CLI) is insufficiently studied, and treatment of risk factors for atherosclerosis has received less attention in CLI patients than in patients with coronary or precerebral atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to establish the incidence of CLI and the quality of risk factor treatment in Swedish CLI patients. Methods. During 14 months, 316 consecutive CLI patients were referred to the Malmö Department of Vascular Diseases. Two hundred and fifty-nine (82%) consented to evaluation of intercurrent disease, medication, ankle and arm blood pressures (BP), plasma glucose and lipid levels, phomocysteine, cardiolipin antibodies and activated protein C (APC)-resistance. Results. The incidence of CLI was 38/100 000 inhabitants/year. Patient age was 75±10 years, and BP 147±26/75±14 mmHg. Systolic or diastolic BP above recommended levels (140/90 mmHg) occurred in 137 (53%) patients. P-cholesterol was 4.8±1.2 mMol/L, but cholesterol above recommended level (5 mMol/L) or LDL above recommended level (3 mMol/L) occurred in 125 (48%) patients. Only 24% of patients met national recommendations for both BP and lipid levels. Diabetes mellitus was previously known in 123 (47%) patients, and another 12 (5%) patients showed diabetic fasting glucose levels during the hospital stay. Eightyfour (32%) patients were active, and 72 (28%) were former smokers. Myocardial infarction or angina pectoris had previously been diagnosed in 123 (47%) patients. P-homocysteine was 17±7 μol/l, cardiolipin antibodies occurred in 71 (27%) and APC-resistance in 34 (13%) patients. Conclusion. Patients with CLI show high comorbidity in vascular diseases and high prevalence of modifiable risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease. The use of evidence-based medical therapy is suboptimal in this high-risk group.
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| 15. |
- Bjornsson, L., et al.
(författare)
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Utilization of a palladium-metal oxide semiconductor (Pd-MOS) sensor for on-line monitoring of dissolved hydrogen in anaerobic digestion
- 2001
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 73:1, s. 35-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of a hydrogen-sensitive palladium-metal oxide semiconductor (Pd-MOS) sensor in combination with a membrane for liquid-to-gas transfer for the detection of dissolved hydrogen was investigated. The system was evaluated with known concentrations of dissolved hydrogen in water. The lowest concentration detected with this set-up was 160 nM. The method was applied to monitoring of a laboratory-scale anaerobic digestion process employing mixed sludge containing mainly food/industrial waste. Pulse loads of glucose were added to the system at different levels of microbial activity, and the microbial status of the culture was reflected in the dissolved hydrogen response. Simultaneous headspace hydrogen measurements were performed, and at the lower levels of dissolved hydrogen no corresponding headspace hydrogen could be detected. When glucose was added to a resting culture the dissolved hydrogen response was rapid and the first response could be detected 9 min after addition of glucose, whereas headspace hydrogen concentrations increased only after 80 to 110 min. This indicates limitations in the liquid-to-gas hydrogen transfer and illustrates the importance of hydrogen monitoring in the liquid. The sensor system developed is flexible, the membrane is easily replaceable, and the probe for liquid-to-gas hydrogen transfer can be adjusted easily to large-scale applications. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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| 16. |
- Bloomer, S., et al.
(författare)
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Triglyceride interesterification by lipases : 2. Reaction parameters for the reduction of trisaturated impurities and diglycerides in batch reactions
- 1991
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Ingår i: Biocatalysis and Biotransformation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1024-2422. ; 5:2, s. 145-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model system consisting of pure triolein and palmitic acid and LipozymeTM, an immobilized lipase (E.C. 3.1.1.3.). has been used to determine the effects of various reaction parameters on the reaction rate and the formation of by-products in the interesterification reaction. The goal was to minimize the level of diglycerides and eliminate trisaturated triglycerides at an endpoint chosen so that the results could be applied to the production of cocoa butter substitutes. The levels of diglycerides, which are essential reaction intermediates, and trisaturated glycerides, which are believed to be formed as a result of spontaneous acyl migration of mono- and diglyceride intermediates, were determined at a defined endpoint. A lag period was observed in which no tripalmitate was formed. The content of Lipozyme used was the most powerful factor in eliminating tripalmitate formation and reducing diglycerides; by using large quantities of Lipozyme, the reaction reached the endpoint before the tripalmitate formation became measurable and low levels of diglycerides were formed. The effects of varying the ratio of palmitic acid to triolein were investigated. A complex relationship between the ratio of substrate components emerged in which the diglyceride content increased with increasing triolein concentration and the tripalmitate content was lowest at a molar ratio of palmitic acid to triolein of 3.5. The reaction was run at 70, 80, and 90°C; best results were obtained at 70° The water activity of the reaction was adjusted prior to catalysis and maintained during the reaction by equilibrating the reaction mixture and enzyme and running the reaction in an atmosphere of controlled water activity. A direct relationship between diglycerides and water activity was observed, and the level of tripalmitate formed corresponded to the time required to reach the endpoint. The reaction system was tested using ethyl palmitate instead of palmitic acid as acyl donor; the diglyceride content again increased with increasing water activity, but larger amounts of diglycerides were formed. Much shorter reaction times were required, with small quantities of tripalmitate formed.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Dainiak, Maria B., et al.
(författare)
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Macroporous monolithic hydrogels in a 96-minicolumn plate format for cell surface-analysis and integrated binding/quantification of cells
- 2007
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Ingår i: Enzyme and Microbial Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-0229. ; 40:4, s. 688-695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Macroporous monolithic hydrogels (cryogel monoliths; rods 12.5 mm x 7.1 mm diameter) are elastic, sponge-like materials with large (10-100 mu m), interconnected pores. Phenyl- and IMAC-(Me(II)-iminodiacetic acid)-cryogel monoliths were inserted into the open-ended wells of a standard 96-well plate, forming a system of 96 drainage-protected minicolumns, and were used in a parallel assay of hydrophobicity and affinity to immobilized metal ions of wild type Escherichia coli cells, recombinant E. coli cells with poly-His peptide displayed on the cell surface, and Bacillus halodurans cells in different growth phases. Bound cells were eluted with standard eluents or were detached by mechanical compression of affinity cryogel monoliths in the case of strongly bound cells. The possibility to carry out high throughput viability assays of bound cells was demonstrated on an example of analysis of recombinant E. coli cells bound to Cu(II)-IDA-cryogel monoliths and of yeast cells bound to ConA-cryogel monoliths, where the metabolic activity of cells was measured using tetrazolium salt XTT and pH indicator, neutral red, respectively. The developed system can be used for the rapid optimization of chromatographic separation of cells and for detection of cells of interest from a large number of medical and food samples.
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| 19. |
- Gessesse, A, et al.
(författare)
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Novel alkaline proteases from alkaliphilic bacteria grown using chicken feather.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Enzyme and Microbial Technology. - 0141-0229. ; 32:5, s. 519-524
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two alkaline protease producing alkaliphilic bacterial strains, designated as AL-20 and AL-89, were isolated from a naturally occurring alkaline habitat. The two strains were identified as Nesternkonia sp. and Bacillus pseudofirmus, respectively. Both strains grew and produced alkaline protease using feather as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Addition of 0.5% glucose to the feather medium increased protease production by B. pseudofirmus AL-89 and suppressed enzyme production by Nesternkonia sp. AL-20. The enzymes from both organisms were purified to electrophoretic homogeneity following ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion exchange, hydrophobic interaction, and gel filtration chromatography. The molecular weight, determined using SDS–PAGE, was 23 kDa for protease AL-20 and 24 kDa for protease AL-89. Protease AL-20 was active in a broad pH range displaying over 90% of its maximum activity between pH 7.5 and 11.5 with a peak at pH 10. The enzyme is unique in that unlike all other microbial serine proteases known so far, it did not require Ca2+ for activity and thermal stability. Its optimum temperature for activity was at 70 °C and was stable after 1 h incubation at 65 °C both in the presence and absence of Ca2+. These properties make protease AL-20 an ideal candidate for detergent application. Protease AL-89 on the other hand require Ca2+ for activity and stability at temperature values above 50 °C. Its optimum activity was at 60 and 70 °C in the absence and presence of Ca2+, respectively. It displayed a pH optimum of 11 and retained about 70% or more of its original activity between pH 6.5 and 11. B. pseudofirmus AL-89, and the protease it produce offers an interesting potential for the enzymatic and/or microbiological hydrolysis of feather to be used as animal feed supplement.
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| 20. |
- Gustavsson, Per-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Fast Chromatography of Proteins.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Isolation and Purification of proteins. (Biotechnology and Bioprocessing ; 27). - 0824707265 ; , s. 423-454
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract is not available
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| 21. |
- Hatti-Kaul, Rajni, et al.
(författare)
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Downstream processing in biotechnology
- 2001. - 2nd
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Ingår i: Basic Biotechnology. - 0521770742 - 9780521770743 - 0521779170 - 9780521779173 ; , s. 187-211
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 22. |
- Hedenfalk, M., et al.
(författare)
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Modulation of the measuring range of a radioimmunoassay using an organic water two phase system
- 1997
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Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - 0003-2670. ; 341:2-3, s. 269-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A commercially available radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit was used to study the effects of organic solvents on antigen-antibody interactions. The RIA analysis was carried out in aqueous-organic two phase systems. After exposure to hydrophobic organic solvents the antibodies retained full binding capacity, while less hydrophobic solvents caused partial inactivation of the antibodies. A practical analysis for digoxigenin in organic solvents was developed using the RIA kit with polyclonal antibodies against digoxin. The sensitivity was modulated four orders of magnitude by the choice of organic solvent. The main factor influencing the sensitivity was the partitioning of digoxigenin between the aqueous and the organic phases. The technique developed is promising for the analysis of a variety of antigens dissolved in organic solvents.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Kazakov, Sergey V., et al.
(författare)
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Light Scattering Study of the Antibody-Poly(methacrylic acid) and Antibody-Poly(acrylic acid) Conjugates in Aqueous Solutions
- 2001
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Ingår i: Macromolecular Bioscience. - 1616-5187. ; 1:4, s. 157-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of the conformational state of the polymer coil on the properties of protein-polymer conjugates has been studied for the conjugates of antibody (monoclonal antibody from 6C5 clone against inactivated rabbit muscle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Ab) with poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) or poly-(acrylic acid) (PAA). The pH-dependencies of molecular properties and structural parameters of aqueous solutions (radius of gyration, intensity of scattered light, hydrodynamic diameter, and polydisperisty index) of Ab, PMAA, and PAA, have been studied using static and dynamic light scattering techniques. While free Ab aggregates in solution and precipitates at its isoelectric point, the covalent attachment of a charged polymer to Ab prevents its association and shifts the precipitation point towards more acidic values (from pH 5.95 for Ab to pH ∼ 4.8 for Ab- PMAA). The predominant role of the conformational status of the polymer in the process of conjugate precipitation has been considered. Contrary to the precipitation of Ab-PMAA, the formation of stable colloidal particles was suggested for Ab-PAA at pH < 4.8. In the conjugates, polymer chains surround the protein globule in an extremely compact manner while Ab significantly affects the polymer conformation. The essentially larger hydrodynamic radii of conjugates, when compared with their radii of gyration, confirm the strong interaction of conjugates with solvent molecules.
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| 25. |
- Khattab, R. A., et al.
(författare)
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Biodegradation of 17-β-estradiol in water
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1735-1472 .- 1735-2630. ; 16:8, s. 4935-4944
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports a potential biotechnical method of 17-β-estradiol removal in aquatic systems. The different bacterial strains isolated from sewage water samples were Bacillus sp., Enterobacter sp. I, Enterobacter sp. II, Klebsiella sp., Aeromonas veronii and Aeromonas punctate. These isolates were characterized on the basis of a single PCR reaction from the 5′ end of the PCR fragment to obtain > 700 bp of high-quality sequence. The adjoining lineages of each organism were obtained by BLAST searches. The identified bacterial species were incubated in a saline media under different concentrations of 17-β-estradiol in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The concentrations of CO2 and 17-β-estradiol were measured by GC and HPLC, respectively. The percentage degradations of 17-β-estradiol in aerobic and anaerobic conditions were 100 and 91.56%, respectively, using Klebsiella and Bacillus species. The developed and reported method is an inexpensive, selective and economic. This method may be used to remove 17-β-estradiol in any water resource.
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| 26. |
- Mattiasson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Affinity Interactions
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Recognition. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
- Mattiasson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Nanoenvironmental Effects Dramatically Influence the Sensitivity of Immunoassays
- 2017
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Ingår i: Trends in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-7799. ; 35:11, s. 1021-1024
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is possible to improve the sensitivity of immunoassays by several orders of magnitude by exploiting nanoenvironmental effects. This approach can detect trace amounts of compounds and will better illuminate the presence of signal substances in biological systems. Here we describe a method for ultrasensitive immunoassays using 'normal' antibodies (Abs).
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| 28. |
- Millqvist, A., et al.
(författare)
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Starch Complexing by Enzymatically Prepared 2‐Monoglycerides Compared to Effects by 1‐lsomers
- 1994
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Ingår i: Starch ‐ Stärke. - : Wiley. - 0038-9056 .- 1521-379X. ; 46:9, s. 347-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to evaluate whether there are differences with regard to functionality in starch gel modification between 1‐and 2‐monoglycerides, the gelatinisation of potato starch in the presence of monolaurin, monopalmitin and monoolein has been examined. When the temperature was increased by 1°C/min from 20°C to 80°C there was a significant difference in gel volume between samples containing 1‐monolaurin and 2‐monolaurin, showing that the enzymatically prepared 2‐isomers are more effective in the starch complexing reaction. The surface activity as evident from equilibrium spreading pressures also showed clear differences between these isomers. The gelatinisation of starch in the presence of monopalmitin and monoolein did not show a corresponding difference between the two isomers.
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| 29. |
- Mohamed Idris, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Amino-functionalised silica-grafted molecularly imprinted polymers for chloramphenicol adsorption
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437. ; 8:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research investigated the liquid-phase removal of chloramphenicol (CAP), an emerging contaminant using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). CAP adsorption profiles, equilibrium, and kinetics were analysed. The adsorption performance was compared between MIPs and non-imprinted polymers (NIPs), both with silica or without silica grafting. The imprinting factor (IF) values for the Si@MIPs-CAP were significantly higher than the IF values for MIPs-CAP adsorbent at pH 8. The kinetics of CAP adsorption was fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics models for MIPs-CAP (R2 = 0.9998) and Si@MIPs-CAP (R2 = 0.9999). The adsorption isotherm of Si@MIPs-CAP was well represented by the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.9991), while the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.9998) provided the best fit for MIPs-CAP. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacities, Qmax, for Si@MIPs-CAP (32.26 mg g−1) were higher than the Qmax for Si@NIPs-CAP (29.6 mg g−1). These results suggested that the silica-grafted molecularly imprinted polymers can be employed as a potential water-compatible adsorbent for the selective adsorption and removal of CAP from aqueous phase.
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| 30. |
- Nandakumar, M. P., et al.
(författare)
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Integrated flow-injection processing for on-line quantification of plasmid DNA during cultivation of E. coli
- 2001
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - : Wiley. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 73:5, s. 406-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An integrated flow-injection processing (FIP) system for the quantification of plasmids during cultivation is described. The system performs on-line sampling, cell lysis, and quantification of plasmids in an integrated manner during cultivation of E. coli. The system was operated by using a miniaturized expanded-bed column which can be used for handling samples containing cells and cell debris without interfering with the binding analysis. Two types of detectors (one measuring UV absorbance at 254 nm and a fluorometer) are used for on-line plasmid detection. The system was developed using standard solutions and it was successfully applied in monitoring plasmid contents during a cultivation of E. coli.
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| 31. |
- Nandakumar, M. P., et al.
(författare)
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Variations in plasmid content during Escherichia coli cultivations detected by on-line flow injection processing
- 2001
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Ingår i: Biotechnology Letters. - 0141-5492. ; 23:14, s. 1135-1140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An integrated flow injection process for analysis of intracellular components of microbes has been used to monitor plasmid content in Escherichia coli cultivations inoculated with cells subcultured in the presence or absence of ampicillin. The system allows sampling, sample handling, cell disruption, separation of intracellular components, and analysis in a semi-on-line mode of operation. The time scale for the assay is in the range 15 min (plasmid peak) to 25 min (complete assay cycle). As expected, lower initial plasmid content was found using an inoculum subcultured in the absence of ampicillin. More importantly, significant decrease in plasmid content was detected in the later stages of the cultivations (grown in ampicillin containing medium) even when using inoculum subcultured in the presence of ampicillin. This illustrates the versatility of the system, which allows monitoring of plasmid content as the cultivation proceeds.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Robroek, Bjorn J. M., et al.
(författare)
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Microclimatological consequences for plant and microbial composition in Sphagnum-dominated peatlands
- 2014
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Ingår i: Boreal environment research. - Helsinki, Finland : Finnish Environment Institute. - 1239-6095 .- 1797-2469. ; 19:3, s. 195-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In three Scandinavian peatlands we studied to what extent plant and microbial community compositions are governed by local-scale microhabitat, with a special interest in the effect of aspect (i.e. exposition of slopes). Despite differences in solar irradiance between the south- and north-facing slopes, maximum temperature was elevated in the south-facing slopes at the most northern site only. Pore-water nutrient concentrations were not affected by aspect, yet dissolved organic carbon concentrations were higher in the south-facing microhabitats. This was likely caused by higher vascular plant biomass. Plant and microbial community composition clearly differed among sites. In all three sites, microhabitat (i.e. prevailing water-table depth) affected the plant and microbial community compositions. Aspect, however, did not affect community composition, even though microclimate significantly differed between the south- and the north-facing aspects at the northernmost site. Our results highlight the complex link between plant community composition, microbial community and environmental conditions, which deserves much more attention than currently in order to fully understand the effects of climate change on peatland ecosystem function.
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| 35. |
- Språngberg, A, et al.
(författare)
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SBU. Godartad prostataförstoring med avflödeshinder. En systematisk litteraturöversikt : Godartad prostataförstoring med avflödeshinder
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Slutsatser Godartad prostataförstoring (benign prostatahyperplasi, BPH) är ett vanligt tillstånd som med stigande ålder drabbar i princip alla män. En del av dessa män får urineringsproblem och cirka 4 500 opereras varje år för en förstorad prostata. Många med lindrigare besvär behandlas med läkemedel eller behöver ingen behandling alls. Avflödeshinder kan obehandlat ge allvarlig urinretention som skadar njurarna, och en urinstämma kan vara livshotande. För att avgränsa den grupp av män där problemen med urineringen beror på en förstorad prostata används ett tiotal olika diagnostiska metoder. När det gäller behandling finns det flera olika kirurgiska metoder, varav några är väl etablerade och andra av mer experimentell karaktär. Under 1990-talet har också flera läkemedel introducerats. SBU har därför bedömt att det funnits ett behov av att göra en systematisk genomgång av den vetenskapliga grunden för dessa olika metoder. Nedan följer de viktigaste slutsatserna av arbetet.
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| 36. |
- Svensson, I., et al.
(författare)
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Phase behaviour of aqueous systems of enzymatically modified phosphatidylcholines with one hexadecyl and one hexyl or octyl chain
- 1993
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Ingår i: Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. - 0009-3084. ; 66:3, s. 195-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phosphatidylcholines composed of a hexadecyl chain in the 2-position and a hexyl or octyl chain in the l-position (C6C16PC or C8C16PC) were prepared from dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine by lipase-catalyzed transesterification; the aqueous phase properties of the products were examined. In the C8C16PC-water system, a lamellar liquid-crystalline phase was dominant. Like all long-chain phosphatidylcholines studied earlier, a liposomal dispersion was formed in the presence of excess water. In the C6C16PC system, a new type of phase behaviour was observed; at high water content, an L3 phase was formed.
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| 37. |
- Triantafyllou, AO, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of the reaction medium on enzyme activity in bio‐organic synthesis : behaviour of lipase from Candida rugosa in the presence of polar additives
- 1993
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. - 0885-4513. ; 17:2, s. 167-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lipase from Candida rugosa immobilized on Celite was employed as the biocatalyst in order to examine the effect of the reaction medium upon enzymic activity and selectivity. As the model reaction, transesterification between tributyrin and pentan‐2‐ol in iso‐octane (2,2,4‐trimethylpentane) was chosen. A small amount of water (0.05%, v/v) was added to the reaction medium. Enhanced transesterification yields and increased selectivity of the lipase could be obtained by manipulating the microenvironment of the catalyst. Addition of 0.2% NN‐dimethylformamide allowed a 93% higher ester yield compared with that obtained when no extra addition was made. Under the same conditions, the ratio of the amount of transesterification product over the amount of hydrolysis product after 48 h, became 52% higher than the ratio determined in the absence of additives. It was concluded that addition of compounds that have low logP3 (P is the partition coefficient in the octanol/water two‐phase system) values and high dielectric constant was advantageous in order to favour transesterification over hydrolytic processes. 1993 The Swiss Political Science Review
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| 38. |
- Wagrell, L, et al.
(författare)
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Feedback microwave thermotherapy versus TURP for clinical BPH - A randomized controlled multicenter study
- 2002
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Ingår i: Urology. - 1527-9995. ; 60:2, s. 292-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. To compare the outcome of a microwave thermotherapy feedback system that is based on intraprostatic temperature measurement during treatment (ProstaLund Feedback Treatment or PLFT) with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a randomized controlled multicenter study. The safety of the two methods was also investigated. Methods. The study was performed at 10 centers in Scandinavia and the United States. A total of 154 patients with clinical BPH were randomized to PLFT or TURP (ratio 2:1); 133 of them completed the study and were evaluated at the end of the study 12 months after treatment. Outcome measures included the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), urinary flow, detrusor pressure at maximal urinary flow (Qmax), prostate volume, and adverse events. Patients were seen at 3, 6, and 12 months. Responders were defined according to a combination of IPSS and Qmax: IPSS 7 or less, or a minimal 50% gain, and/or Qmax 15 mL/s or greater or a minimal 50% gain. Results. No significant differences in outcome at 12 months were found between PLFT and TURP for IPSS, Qmax, or detrusor pressure. The prostate volume measured with transrectal ultrasonography was reduced by 30% after PLFT and 51% after TURP. Serious adverse events related to the given treatment were reported in 2% after PLFT and in 17% after TURP. Mild and moderate adverse events were more common in the PLFT group. With the criteria mentioned above, 82% and 86% of the patients were characterized as responders after 12 months in the PLFT and TURP groups, respectively. The post-treatment catheter time was 3 days in the TURP group and 14 days in the PLFT group. Conclusions. The outcome of microwave thermotherapy with intraprostatic temperature monitoring was comparable with that seen after TURP in this study. From both a simplicity and safety point of view, PLFT appears to have an advantage. Taken together, our findings make us conclude that: within a 1-year perspective microwave thermotherapy with PLFT is an attractive alternative to TURP in the treatment of BPH.
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| 39. |
- Wagrell, L, et al.
(författare)
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Three-year follow-up of feedback microwave thermotherapy versus TURP for clinical BPH: A prospective randomized multicenter study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1527-9995 .- 0090-4295. ; 64:4, s. 698-702
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. To compare, in a prospective randomized multicenter study, the efficacy and safety of transurethral microwave thermotherapy with Prostalund Feedback Treatment (PLFT), using the CoreTherm device, with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) 36 months after treatment. Methods. The study was conducted at 10 centers in the United States and Scandinavia. A total of 154 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomized to PLFT or TURP in a 2:1 ratio. The treatment outcome was evaluated on the basis of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the quality-of-life question (QOL) of the IPSS, peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), urodynamics, and adverse events. The microwave power and treatment time were adjusted according to each patient's response to the supplied energy (ie, the intraprostatic temperature guided the PLFT). Results. Statistically significant improvements in both the TURP and the PLFT groups were observed for IPSS, QOL, and Qmax at 36 months. The average value for the PLFT group was 8.2, 1.2, and 11.9 mL/s for IPSS, QOL, and Qmax, respectively. The corresponding values for the TURP group were IPSS 5.0, QOL 1.0, and Qmax 13.5 mUs. The difference in IPSS outcome was statistically significant; however, no statistically significant differences were found in QOL or Qmax between the two treatment groups. The degree of improvement was in the same range as that observed after 12 and 24 months for both groups. During the 12 to 36-month period, the most frequent adverse events in the TURP group were impotence (15%), micturition urgency (13%), and urethral disorder (8%); in the PLFT group, impotence (8%), prostate-specific antigen increase (5%), and hematuria (4%) were the most common. Conclusions. The clinical outcome 3 years after microwave thermotherapy with PLFT was comparable to the results seen after TURP. The safety of PLFT compared favorably to that of TURP in this study.
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