| 1. |
- Dellino, Gaetano I, et al.
(författare)
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Polycomb silencing blocks transcription initiation.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Molecular Cell. - 1097-2765 .- 1097-4164. ; 13:6, s. 887-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polycomb (PcG) complexes maintain the silent state of target genes. The mechanism of silencing is not known but has been inferred to involve chromatin packaging to block the access of transcription factors. We have studied the effect of PcG silencing on the hsp26 heat shock promoter. While silencing does decrease the accessibility of some restriction enzyme sites to some extent, it does not prevent the binding of TBP, RNA polymerase, or the heat shock factor to the hsp26 promoter, as shown by chromatin immunoprecipitation. However, we find that in the repressed state, the RNA polymerase cannot initiate transcription. We conclude that, rather than altering chromatin structure to block accessibility, PcG silencing in this construct targets directly the activity of the transcriptional machinery at the promoter.
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| 2. |
- Priebe, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Structured patient-clinician communication and 1-year outcome in community mental healthcare - Cluster randomised controlled trial
- 2007
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Ingår i: British Journal of Psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0007-1250 .- 1472-1465. ; 191:5, s. 420-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Patient-clinician communication is central to mental healthcare but neglected in research. Aims To testa new computer-mediated intervention structuring patient-clinician dialogue (DIALOG) focusing on patients' quality of life and needs for care. Method In a cluster randomised controlled trial, 134 key workers in six countries were allocated to DIALOG or treatment as usual; 507 people with schizophrenia or related disorders were included. Every 2 months for I year, clinicians asked patients to rate satisfaction with quality of life and treatment, and request additional or different support. Responses were fed back immediately in screen displays, compared with previous ratings and discussed. Primary outcome was subjective quality of life, and secondary outcomes were unmet needs and treatment satisfaction. Results Of 507 patients, 56 were lost to follow-up and 451 were included in intention-to-treat analyses. Patients receiving the DIALOG intervention had better subjective quality of life, fewer unmet needs and higher treatment satisfaction after 12 months. Conclusions Structuring patient clinician dialogue to focus on patients' views positively influenced quality of life, needs for care and treatment satisfaction.
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| 3. |
- Swami, Viren, et al.
(författare)
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The Attractive Female Body Weight and Female Body Dissatisfaction in 26 Countries Across 10 World Regions : Results of the International Body Project I
- 2010
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Ingår i: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. - : Sage Publications. - 0146-1672 .- 1552-7433. ; 36:3, s. 309-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports results from the first International Body Project (IBP-I), which surveyed 7,434 individuals in 10 major world regions about body weight ideals and body dissatisfaction. Participants completed the female Contour Drawing Figure Rating Scale (CDFRS) and self-reported their exposure to Western and local media. Results indicated there were significant cross-regional differences in the ideal female figure and body dissatisfaction, but effect sizes were small across high-socioeconomic-status (SES) sites. Within cultures, heavier bodies were preferred in low-SES sites compared to high-SES sites in Malaysia and South Africa (ds = 1.94-2.49) but not in Austria. Participant age, body mass index (BMI), and Western media exposure predicted body weight ideals. BMI and Western media exposure predicted body dissatisfaction among women. Our results show that body dissatisfaction and desire for thinness is commonplace in high-SES settings across world regions, highlighting the need for international attention to this problem.
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| 4. |
- Wiersma, Durk, et al.
(författare)
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Individual unmet needs for care: are they sensitive as outcome criterion for the effectiveness of mental health services interventions?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 44:4, s. 317-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Mental health interventions should demonstrate an effect on patients' functioning as well as his/her needs, in particular on unmet needs whose assessment depends on the perspective of either the patient or the clinician. However, individual met and unmet needs appear to change over time, qualitatively and quantitatively, raising questions about their sensitivity to change and about the association between level of needs and treatment. Methods Data on baseline and follow-up need assessment in community mental health services in four European countries in the context of a cluster randomised trial on a novel mental health service intervention were used, which involved 102 clinicians with key worker roles and 320 patients with schizophrenia or related psychotic disorders. Need assessment was performed with the Camberwell assessment of needs short appraisal schedule (CANSAS) among patients as well as clinicians. Focus is the sensitivity to change in unmet needs over time as well as the concordance between patient and clinician ratings and their relationship with treatment condition. Results At follow-up 294 patients (92%) had a full need assessment, while clinician rated needs were available for 302 patients (94%). Generally, the total number of met needs remained quite stable, but unmet needs decreased significantly over time, according to patients as well as to clinicians. Sensitivity to change of unmet needs is quite high: about two third of all unmet needs made a transition to no or met need, and more than half of all unmet needs at follow-up were new. Agreement between patient and clinician on unmet needs at baseline as well as follow-up was rather low, without any indication of a specific treatment effect. Conclusions Individual unmet needs appear to be quite sensitive to change over time but as yet less suitable as outcome criterion of treatment or specific interventions.
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