| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Ferwerda, Bart, et al.
(författare)
-
Functional and genetic evidence that the Mal/TIRAP allele variant 180L has been selected by providing protection against septic shock.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 106:25, s. 10272-10277
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adequate responses by our innate immune system toward invading pathogens were of vital importance for surviving infections, especially before the antibiotic era. Recently, a polymorphism in Mal (Ser180Leu, TIRAP rs8177374), an important adaptor protein downstream of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and 4 pathways, has been described to provide protection against a broad range of infectious pathogens. We assessed the functional effects of this polymorphism in human experimental endotoxemia, and we demonstrate that individuals bearing the TIRAP 180L allele display an increased, innate immune response to TLR4 and TLR2 ligands, but not to TLR9 stimulation. This phenotype has been related to an increased resistance to infection. However, an overshoot in the release of proinflammatory cytokines by TIRAP 180L homozygous individuals suggests a scenario of balanced evolution. We have also investigated the worldwide distribution of the Ser180Leu polymorphism in 14 populations around the globe to correlate the genetic makeup of TIRAP with the local infectious pressures. Based on the immunological, clinical, and genetic data, we propose that this mutation might have been selected in West Eurasia during the early settlement of this region after the out-of-Africa migration of modern Homo sapiens. This combination of functional and genetic data provides unique insights to our understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kalhori, S., et al.
(författare)
-
Resonant ion-pair formation in electron collisions with rovibrationally cold H-3(+)
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 69:2, s. 022713-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental and theoretical cross sections for the resonant ion-pair formation (RIP) in electron collisions with rovibrationally cold H-3(+) ions are presented. Absolute cross sections for the RIP process producing H- ions are measured for center-of-mass energies between 2-20 eV using the CRYRING, heavy-ion storage ring. Theoretical cross sections are obtained using wave-packet propagation on both one- and two-dimensional models of relevant diabatic-potential energy surfaces and couplings of H-3(+) and H-3.
|
|
| 7. |
- Blagrove, Marcus S. C., et al.
(författare)
-
Potential for Zika virus transmission by mosquitoes in temperate climates
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 287:1930
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission has almost exclusively been detected in the tropics despite the distributions of its primary vectors extending farther into temperate regions. Therefore, it is unknown whether ZIKV's range has reached a temperature-dependent limit, or if it can spread into temperate climates. Using field-collected mosquitoes for biological relevance, we found that two common temperate mosquito species,Aedes albopictusandOchlerotatus detritus, were competent for ZIKV. We orally exposed mosquitoes to ZIKV and held them at between 17 and 31 degrees C, estimated the time required for mosquitoes to become infectious, and applied these data to a ZIKV spatial risk model. We identified a minimum temperature threshold for the transmission of ZIKV by mosquitoes between 17 and 19 degrees C. Using these data, we generated standardized basic reproduction numberR(0)-based risk maps and we derived estimates for the length of the transmission season for recent and future climate conditions. Our standardizedR(0)-based risk maps show potential risk of ZIKV transmission beyond the current observed range in southern USA, southern China and southern European countries. Transmission risk is simulated to increase over southern and Eastern Europe, northern USA and temperate regions of Asia (northern China, southern Japan) in future climate scenarios.
|
|
| 8. |
- Case, L. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Innocuous pressure sensation requires A-type afferents but not functional ΡΙΕΖΟ2 channels in humans
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensation of pressure allows us to feel sustained compression and body strain. While our understanding of cutaneous touch has grown significantly in recent years, how deep tissue sensations are detected remains less clear. Here, we use quantitative sensory evaluations of patients with rare sensory disorders, as well as nerve blocks in typical individuals, to probe the neural and genetic mechanisms for detecting non-painful pressure. We show that the ability to perceive innocuous pressures is lost when myelinated fiber function is experimentally blocked in healthy volunteers and that two patients lacking A beta fibers are strikingly unable to feel innocuous pressures at all. We find that seven individuals with inherited mutations in the mechanoreceptor PIEZO2 gene, who have major deficits in touch and proprioception, are nearly as good at sensing pressure as healthy control subjects. Together, these data support a role for A beta afferents in pressure sensation and suggest the existence of an unknown molecular pathway for its detection. The mechanisms underlying deep pressure sensing are not fully understood. Here the authors demonstrate that while two individuals lacking A beta fibers demonstrate impaired deep pressure sensing, seven individuals with PIEZO2 loss of function mutations display normal deep pressure responses.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Gulick, Sean, P.S., et al.
(författare)
-
The first day of the Cenozoic
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : US National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 116, s. 19342-19351
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Highly expanded Cretaceous–Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary section from the Chicxulub peak ring, recovered by International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) –International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) Expedition 364, provides an unprecedented window into the immediate aftermath of the impact. Site M0077 includes ∼130 m of impact melt rock and suevite deposited the first day of the Cenozoic covered by <1 m of micrite-rich carbonate deposite over subsequent weeks to years. We present an interpreted series of events based on analyses of these drill cores. Within minutes of the impact, centrally uplifted basement rock collapsed outward to forma peak ring capped in melt rock. Within tens of minutes, the peak ring was covered in ∼40 m of brecciated impact melt rock and coarsegrained suevite, including clasts possibly generated by melt–water interactions during ocean resurge. Within an hour, resurge crested the peak ring, depositing a 10-m-thick layer of suevite with increased particle roundness and sorting. Within hours, the full resurge deposit formed through settling and seiches, resulting in an 80-m-thick fining-upward, sorted suevite in the flooded crater. Within a day, the reflected rim-wave tsunami reached the crater, depositing a cross-bedded sand-to-fine gravel layer enriched in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons overlain by charcoal fragments. Generation of a deep crater open to the ocean allowed rapid flooding and sediment accumulation rates among the highest known in the geologic record. The high-resolution section provides insight into the impact environmental effects, including charcoal as evidence for impactinduced wildfires and a paucity of sulfur-rich evaporites from the target supporting rapid global cooling and darkness as extinction mechanisms.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- McCall, Matthew B B, et al.
(författare)
-
Early interferon-gamma response against Plasmodium falciparum correlates with interethnic differences in susceptibility to parasitemia between sympatric Fulani and Dogon in Mali.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 201:1, s. 142-52
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Interethnic differences in susceptibility to malaria provide a unique opportunity to explore immunological correlates of protection. The Fulani of Sahelian Africa are known for their reduced susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum, compared with surrounding tribes, yet the immunology underlying this is still poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS: Here, we show that mononuclear cells from Fulani elicit >10-fold stronger interferon (IFN)-gamma production following a 24-h in vitro coincubation with asexual parasites than cells from sympatric Dogon. This response appears to be specific for P. falciparum among a panel of other human pathogens and is independent of the lower number of regulatory T cell counts present in Fulani. IFN-gamma responses in both tribes were inversely correlated with peripheral parasite density as quantified by nucleic acid sequenced-based amplification, but responses of Fulani remained significantly stronger than those of Dogon after adjustment for concurrent parasitemia, suggesting that hard-wired immunological differences underlie the observed protection. CONCLUSIONS: These results underscore the value of early IFN-gamma responses to P. falciparum as a correlate of anti-parasite immunity, not only in this setting but also in the wider context of malaria, and support the development of malaria vaccines aimed at inducing such responses.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Tom, Brian A., et al.
(författare)
-
Dissociative recombination of highly enriched para-H-3(+)
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 130:3, s. 31101-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The determination of the dissociative recombination rate coefficient of H-3(+) has had a turbulent history, but both experiment and theory have recently converged to a common value. Despite this convergence, it has not been clear if there should be a difference between the rate coefficients for ortho-H-3(+) and para-H-3(+). A difference has been predicted theoretically and could conceivably impact the ortho:para ratio of H-3(+) in the diffuse interstellar medium, where H-3(+) has been widely observed. We present the results of an experiment at the CRYRING ion storage ring in which we investigated the dissociative recombination of highly enriched (similar to 83.6%) para-H-3(+) using a supersonic expansion source that produced ions with T-rot similar to 60-100 K. We observed an increase in the low energy recombination rate coefficient of the enriched para-H-3(+) by a factor of similar to 1.25 in comparison to H-3(+) produced from normal H-2 (ortho:para=3:1). The ratio of the rate coefficients of pure para-H-3(+) to that of pure ortho-H-3(+) is inferred to be similar to 2 at low collision energies; the corresponding ratio of the thermal rate coefficients is similar to 1.5 at electron temperatures from 60 to 1000 K. We conclude that this difference is unlikely to have an impact on the interstellar ortho:para ratio of H-3(+).
|
|
| 16. |
- Williams, David J., et al.
(författare)
-
Comparability : Manufacturing, characterization and controls, report of a UK Regenerative Medicine Platform Pluripotent Stem Cell Platform Workshop, Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 14-15 September 2015
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Regenerative Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1746-0751 .- 1746-076X. ; 11:5, s. 483-492
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarizes the proceedings of a workshop held at Trinity Hall, Cambridge to discuss comparability and includes additional information and references to related information added subsequently to the workshop. Comparability is the need to demonstrate equivalence of product after a process change; a recent publication states that this 'may be difficult for cell-based medicinal products'. Therefore a well-managed change process is required which needs access to good science and regulatory advice and developers are encouraged to seek help early. The workshop shared current thinking and best practice and allowed the definition of key research questions. The intent of this report is to summarize the key issues and the consensus reached on each of these by the expert delegates.
|
|
| 17. |
- Bowman, L. R., et al.
(författare)
-
Alarm Variables for Dengue Outbreaks: A Multi-Centre Study in Asia and Latin America
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Worldwide, dengue is an unrelenting economic and health burden. Dengue outbreaks have become increasingly common, which place great strain on health infrastructure and services. Early warning models could allow health systems and vector control programmes to respond more cost-effectively and efficiently. The Shewhart method and Endemic Channel were used to identify alarm variables that may predict dengue outbreaks. Five country datasets were compiled by epidemiological week over the years 2007-2013. These data were split between the years 2007-2011 (historic period) and 2012-2013 (evaluation period). Associations between alarm/outbreak variables were analysed using logistic regression during the historic period while alarm and outbreak signals were captured during the evaluation period. These signals were combined to form alarm/outbreak periods, where 2 signals were equal to 1 period. Alarm periods were quantified and used to predict subsequent outbreak periods. Across Mexico and Dominican Republic, an increase in probable cases predicted outbreaks of hospitalised cases with sensitivities and positive predictive values (PPV) of 93%/83% and 97%/86% respectively, at a lag of 1-12 weeks. An increase in mean temperature ably predicted outbreaks of hospitalised cases in Mexico and Brazil, with sensitivities and PPVs of 79%/73% and 81%/46% respectively, also at a lag of 1-12 weeks. Mean age was predictive of hospitalised cases at sensitivities and PPVs of 72%/74% and 96%/45% in Mexico and Malaysia respectively, at a lag of 4-16 weeks. An increase in probable cases was predictive of outbreaks, while meteorological variables, particularly mean temperature, demonstrated predictive potential in some countries, but not all. While it is difficult to define uniform variables applicable in every country context, the use of probable cases and meteorological variables in tailored early warning systems could be used to highlight the occurrence of dengue outbreaks or indicate increased risk of dengue transmission.
|
|
| 18. |
- Case, L. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Ab-CT Affective Touch: Touch Pleasantness Ratings for Gentle Stroking and Deep Pressure Exhibit Dependence on A-Fibers
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Eneuro. ; 10:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gentle stroking of the skin is a common social touch behavior with positive affective consequences. A prefer-ence for slow versus fast stroking of hairy skin has been closely linked to the firing of unmyelinated C-tactile (CT) somatosensory afferents. Because the firing of CT afferents strongly correlates with touch pleasantness, the CT pathway has been considered a social-affective sensory pathway. Recently, ablation of the spinotha-lamic pathway-thought to convey all C-fiber sensations-in patients with cancer pain impaired pain, tempera-ture, and itch, but not ratings of pleasant touch. This suggested integration of afferent A and CT fiber input in the spinal cord, or mechanoreceptive A-fiber contributions to computations of touch pleasantness in the brain. However, contribution of mechanoreceptive A-fibers to touch pleasantness, in humans without pain, remains unknown. In the current, single-blinded study, we performed two types of peripheral nerve blocks in healthy adults to temporarily eliminate the contribution of A-fibers to touch perception. Our findings show that when mechanoreceptive A-fiber function is greatly diminished, the perceived intensity and pleasantness of both gen-tle stroking and deep pressure are nearly abolished. These findings demonstrate that explicit perception of the pleasantness of CT-targeted brushing and pressure both critically depend on afferent A-fibers.
|
|
| 19. |
- Cord, Kimberly A. Mc., et al.
(författare)
-
Reporting Transparency and Completeness in Trials : Paper 2 - Reporting of randomised trials using registries was often inadequate and hindered the interpretation of results
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Pergamon Press. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 141, s. 175-186
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Registries are important data sources for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), but reporting of how they are used may be inadequate. The objective was to describe the current adequacy of reporting of RCTs using registries.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We used a database of trials using registries from a scoping review supporting the development of the 2021 CONSORT extension for Trials Conducted Using Cohorts and Routinely Collected Data (CONSORT-ROUTINE). Reporting completeness of 13 CONSORT-ROUTINE items was assessed.RESULTS: We assessed reports of 47 RCTs that used a registry, published between 2011 and 2018. Of the 13 CONSORT-ROUTINE items, 6 were adequately reported in at least half of reports (2 in at least 80%). The 7 other items were related to routinely collected data source eligibility (32% adequate), data linkage (8% adequate), validation and completeness of data used for outcome assessment (8% adequate), validation and completeness of data used for participant recruitment (0% adequate), participant flow (9% adequate), registry funding (6% adequate) and interpretation of results in consideration of registry use (25% adequate).CONCLUSION: Reporting of trials using registries was often poor, particularly details on data linkage and quality. Better reporting is needed for appropriate interpretation of the results of these trials.
|
|
| 20. |
- Imran, Mahrukh, et al.
(författare)
-
Methods and results used in the development of a consensus-driven extension to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement for trials conducted using cohorts and routinely collected data (CONSORT-ROUTINE)
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 11:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Randomised controlled trials conducted using cohorts and routinely collected data, including registries, electronic health records and administrative databases, are increasingly used in healthcare intervention research. A Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement extension for trials conducted using cohorts and routinely collected data (CONSORT-ROUTINE) has been developed with the goal of improving reporting quality. This article describes the processes and methods used to develop the extension and decisions made to arrive at the final checklist.METHODS: The development process involved five stages: (1) identification of the need for a reporting guideline and project launch; (2) conduct of a scoping review to identify possible modifications to CONSORT 2010 checklist items and possible new extension items; (3) a three-round modified Delphi study involving key stakeholders to gather feedback on the checklist; (4) a consensus meeting to finalise items to be included in the extension, followed by stakeholder piloting of the checklist; and (5) publication, dissemination and implementation of the final checklist.RESULTS: 27 items were initially developed and rated in Delphi round 1, 13 items were rated in round 2 and 11 items were rated in round 3. Response rates for the Delphi study were 92 of 125 (74%) invited participants in round 1, 77 of 92 (84%) round 1 completers in round 2 and 62 of 77 (81%) round 2 completers in round 3. Twenty-seven members of the project team representing a variety of stakeholder groups attended the in-person consensus meeting. The final checklist includes five new items and eight modified items. The extension Explanation & Elaboration document further clarifies aspects that are important to report.CONCLUSION: Uptake of CONSORT-ROUTINE and accompanying Explanation & Elaboration document will improve conduct of trials, as well as the transparency and completeness of reporting of trials conducted using cohorts and routinely collected data.
|
|
| 21. |
- Imran, Mahrukh, et al.
(författare)
-
Reporting Transparency and Completeness in Trials : Paper 3 - Trials conducted using administrative databases do not adequately report elements related to use of databases
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Pergamon Press. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 141, s. 187-197
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: We evaluated reporting completeness and transparency in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted using administrative data based on 2021 CONSORT Extension for Trials Conducted Using Cohorts and Routinely Collected Data (CONSORT-ROUTINE) criteria.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: MEDLINE and the Cochrane Methodology Register were searched (2011 and 2018). Eligible RCTs used administrative databases for identifying eligible participants or collecting outcomes. We evaluated reporting based on CONSORT-ROUTINE, which modified eight items from CONSORT 2010 and added five new items.RESULTS: Of 33 included trials (76% used administrative databases for outcomes, 3% for identifying participants, 21% both), most were conducted in the United States (55%), Canada (18%), or the United Kingdom (12%). Of eight items modified in the extension; six were adequately reported in a majority (>50%) of trials. For the CONSORT-ROUTINE modification portion of those items, three items were reported adequately in >50% of trials, two in <50%, two only applied to some trials, and one only had wording modifications and was not evaluated. For five new items, four that address use of routine data in trials were reported inadequately in most trials.CONCLUSION: How administrative data are used in trials is often sub-optimally reported. CONSORT-ROUTINE uptake may improve reporting.
|
|
| 22. |
- Juszczak, Edmund, et al.
(författare)
-
Introducing the CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) using cohorts and routinely collected health data
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Trials. - : BMC. - 1745-6215. ; 20:Suppl. 1, s. 131-131
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are increasingly being conducted using existing sources of data, such as cohorts, administrative databases, disease registries and electronic health records. RCTs conducted using existing data sources require additional information to be reported. This reporting guideline is an extension of the 2010 version of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement for RCTs using cohorts and routinely collected health data.Methods: A long-list of potential items for the checklist was identified through two methods: firstly, modifications to the current CONSORT checklist were generated using existing reporting guidelines, including the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) and REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data (RECORD) statements. Secondly, ascoping review of RCTs conducted in the last decade using cohorts and routinely collected health data facilitated the modification and identification of other potential items. Using the long-list, a three-stage Delphi exercise was conducted to assess the importance of each item for inclusion in the final extension checklist, which was finalised at a face-to-face meeting of experts.Results: A long-list of 27 items was created and 125 experts registered for the three-round Delphi exercise (92, 77 and 62 experts participated in each round respectively). Consensus was reached on 21 out of 27 items. The results of the Delphi exercise informed a face-to-face consensus meeting in May 2019; core items to be included in the extension checklist were finalised at this meeting. Corresponding explanations of extensions and new items with examples of good reporting were developed subsequently.Conclusion: The guideline checklist can facilitate transparent reporting of RCTs using cohorts and routinely collected health data, to assist evaluations of rigour and reproducibility, enhance understanding of the methodology, and make the results more useful for clinicians, journal editors, reviewers, guideline authors, and funders.
|
|
| 23. |
- Kreckel, Holger, et al.
(författare)
-
High-resolution storage-ring measurements of the dissociative recombination of H-3(+) using a supersonic expansion ion source
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 82:4, s. 042715-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed measurements of the dissociative electron recombination (DR) of H-3(+) at the ion storage ring TSR utilizing a supersonic expansion ion source. The ion source has been characterized by continuous wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy. We present high-resolution DR rate coefficients for different nuclear spin modifications of H-3(+) combined with precise fragment imaging studies of the internal excitation of the H-3(+) ions inside the storage ring. The measurements resolve changes in the energy dependence between the ortho-H-3(+) and para-H-3(+) rate coefficients at low center-of-mass collision energies. Analysis of the imaging data indicates that the stored H-3(+) ions may have higher rotational temperatures than previously assumed, most likely due to collisional heating during the extraction of the ions from the ion source. Simulations of the ion extraction shed light on possible origins of the heating process and how to avoid it in future experiments.
|
|
| 24. |
- Kwakkenbos, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
CONSORT extension for the reporting of randomised controlled trials conducted using cohorts and routinely collected data (CONSORT-ROUTINE) : checklist with explanation and elaboration
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The BMJ. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1756-1833 .- 0959-8146. ; 373
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Randomised controlled trials are increasingly conducted as embedded, nested, or using cohorts or routinely collected data, including registries, electronic health records, and administrative databases, to assess if participants are eligible for the trial and to facilitate recruitment, to deliver an embedded intervention, to collect trial outcome data, or a combination of these purposes. This report presents the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) extension for randomised controlled trials conducted using cohorts and routinely collected data (CONSORT-ROUTINE). The extension was developed to look at the unique characteristics of trials conducted with these types of data with the goal of improving reporting quality in the long term by setting standards early in the process of uptake of these trial designs. The extension was developed with a sequential approach, including a Delphi survey, a consensus meeting, and piloting of the checklist. The checklist was informed by the CONSORT 2010 statement and two reporting guidelines for observational studies, the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement and the REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely collected Data (RECORD) statement. The extension includes eight items modified from the CONSORT 2010 statement and five new items. Reporting items with explanations and examples are provided, including key aspects of trials conducted using cohorts or routinely collected data that require specific reporting considerations.
|
|
| 25. |
- Larsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
The dissociative recombination of H-3(+) - a saga coming to an end?
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2614 .- 1873-4448. ; 462:06-apr, s. 145-151
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major progress has been made in the understanding of how H-3(+) recombines with thermal and sub-thermal electrons, a process of great importance to the chemistry of diffuse interstellar clouds. Two independent ion storage ring experiments with rovibrationally cold H-3(+) ions are in excellent agreement, and quantum mechanical calculations agree with the storage ring results quantitatively for the thermal rate constant, if not in all details concerning the cross section. The recombination mechanism is understood. A direct consequence of this progress is that the cosmic-ray ionization rate in diffuse clouds must be shifted upwards to a value larger than 10 (16)s (1).
|
|
| 26. |
- Lloyd-Donald, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Assessing TEG6S reliability between devices and across multiple time points: A prospective thromboelastography validation study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1, s. 7045-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The TEG6S is a novel haemostasis analyser utilising resonance technology. It offers potentially greater coagulation information and ease of use, however has not been independently validated in a clinical setting. We aimed to determine if the TEG6S is reliable between devices and across time points. We performed a prospective observational study with ethical approval. For interdevice reliability, we performed simultaneous analysis on two TEG6S devices on 25 adult ICU patients. For time point reliability, we performed repeated sampling across five different time points on 15 adult participants. Blood was collected with informed consent, or as standard care, before four-channel citrated kaolin analysis. We observed almost perfect interdevice reliability across all TEG parameters. The Lin’s concordance correlation coefficients (95% CI, major axis regression slope, intercept) were R-time: 0.96 (0.92–0.99, 0.88, 0.57); K-time: 0.93 (0.87–0.98, 1.07, 0.00); Alpha Angle: 0.87 (0.78–0.96, 1.20, −14.10); Maximum Amplitude: 0.99 (0.98–0.99, 1.02, −1.38); Clot Lysis: 0.89 (0.82–0.97, 1.20, 0.07). Additionally, we observed moderate-to-high reliability across time points. Demonstrating almost perfect agreement across different devices and moderate-to-high reliability across multiple time points, suggests the TEG6S platform can be used with haemostatic accuracy and generalisability. This has potentially significant implications for clinical practice and multi-site research programs.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
- Matoušek, Václav, et al.
(författare)
-
Deposition limit velocity : Effect of particle size distribution
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Conferences on Transport and Sedimentation of Solid Particles 2017. - : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego we Wroclawiu. - 9788377172698 ; , s. 217-224
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Industrial settling slurries often consist of particles of very different sizes; the particle size distribution may cover sizes which differ with two orders of magnitude. A broad particle size distribution affects parameters of slurry flow including deposition limit velocity. We present experimental results of the deposition limit velocity collected during a comprehensive experimental campaign testing slurry flows composed of solids of different fractions in the GIW Hydraulic Laboratory in 2016. Four narrow graded fractions (carrier fluid, pseudo-homogeneous, heterogeneous, and stratified) were tested in permutations from the individual components to the complete mixture at various concentrations. The primary experiments were carried out in a 203-mm pipe, and selected corresponding experiments were repeated in a 103-mm pipe. The experimental results show that interactions among components affect the resulting deposition limit velocity in flows of broadly graded settling slurries. The effect of particle size distribution on the deposition limit velocity is not benign. The deposit velocity is not necessarily lower in a flow of slurry composed of four components than in slurry flow of one component with the highest deposit velocity from the four components. We discuss possible modifications of a deposit velocity predictive model in order to take effects of a broad particle size distribution into account.
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- McCall, Matthew B B, et al.
(författare)
-
Persistence of full-length caspase-12 and its relation to malaria in West and Central African populations
- 2010
-
Ingår i: European Cytokine Network. - 1148-5493 .- 1952-4005. ; 21:2, s. 77-83
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The full-length (L-) variant of caspase-12 is believed to predispose to sepsis. It has been replaced in the genome of most human populations by the (S-) variant, which leads to premature termination of translation. Strikingly, the L-allele is still widely prevalent in African populations, presumably due to a counterbalancing selective force specific to this continent, for which malaria is a prime candidate.Methods. We investigated associations between caspase-12 genotype and malarial parameters in three West-African populations, in studies encompassing immunological, clinical and obstetric data. Results. The caspase-12 L-allele was found at frequencies of 11-34%. Plasmodium falciparum-stimulated mononuclear cells from S/L heterozygote donors produced stronger interferon-γ and interleukin-10 responses than S/S homozygotes (p = 0.011 and p = 0.023 in uninfected and infected donors respectively). Nevertheless, we found no association between caspase-12 genotype and either the presentation of severe malaria or individual clinical parameters in sick children. Amongst pregnant women, the caspase-12 genotype did not influence peripheral or placental malaria infection, or basic obstetric parameters. Interestingly, perinatal mortality was more frequent in children of both S/S and L/L than S/L mothers, independent of placental P. falciparum-infection.Conclusion. We find little clinical or epidemiological evidence that malaria has contributed to the persistence of functional caspase-12 in Africa, suggesting either that alternative selective forces are at work or that genetic drift underlies its current global distribution.
|
|
| 32. |
- McCall, Stephen J., et al.
(författare)
-
Reporting Transparency and Completeness in Trials : Paper 4 - Reporting of randomised controlled trials conducted using routinely collected electronic records - room for improvement
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Pergamon Press. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 141, s. 198-209
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe characteristics of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted using electronic health records (EHRs), including completeness and transparency of reporting assessed against the 2021 CONSORT Extension for RCTs Conducted Using Cohorts and Routinely Collected Data (CONSORT-ROUTINE) criteria.STUDY DESIGN: MEDLINE and Cochrane Methodology Register were searched for a sample of RCTs published from 2011-2018. Completeness of reporting was assessed in a random sample using a pre-defined coding form.RESULTS: 183 RCT publications were identified; 122 (67%) used EHRs to identify eligible participants, 139 (76%) used the EHR as part of the intervention and 137 (75%) to ascertain outcomes. When 60 publications were evaluated against the CONSORT 2010 item and the corresponding extension for the 8 modified items, four items were 'adequately reported' for the majority of trials. Five new reporting items were identified for the CONSORT-ROUTINE extension; when evaluated, one was 'adequately reported', three were reported 'inadequately or not at all', the other 'partially'. There were, however, some encouraging signs with adequate and partial reporting of many important items, including descriptions of trial design, the consent process, outcome ascertainment and interpretation.CONCLUSION: Aspects of RCTs using EHRs are sub-optimally reported. Uptake of the CONSORT-ROUTINE Extension may improve reporting.
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Thomas, Richard, et al.
(författare)
-
DISSOCIATIVE RECOMBINATION OF VIBRATIONALLY COLD CH+3 AND INTERSTELLAR IMPLICATIONS
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : The American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 758:1, s. 55-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CH3+ is an important molecular ion in the astrochemistry of diffuse clouds, dense clouds, cometary comae, and planetary ionospheres. However, the rate of one of the major destruction mechanisms of CH3+, dissociative recombination (DR), has long been uncertain, hindering the use of CH3+ as an astrochemical probe. Here, we present the first absolute measurement of the DR of vibrationally cold CH3+, which has been made using the heavy storage ring CRYRING in Stockholm, Sweden. From our collision-energy-dependent cross sections, we infer a thermal rate constant of k(T) = 6.97(+/- 0.03) x 10(-7)(T/300)(-0.61(+/- 0.01)) cm(3) s(-1) over the region 10 K <= T <= 1000 K. At low collision energies, we have measured the branching fractions of the DR products to be CH3 (0.00(- 0.00)(+ 0.01)), CH2 + H (0.35(-0.01)(+ 0.01)), CH + 2H (0.20(-0.02)(+0.02)), CH + H-2 (0.10(-0.01)(+0.01)), and C + H-2 + H (0.35(-0.02)(+ 0.01)), indicating that two or more C-H bonds are broken in 65% of all collisions. We also present vibrational calculations which indicate that the CH3+ ions in the storage ring were relaxed to the vibrational ground state by spontaneous emission during the storage time. Finally, we discuss the implications of these new measurements for the observation of CH3+ in regions of the diffuse interstellar medium where CH+ is abundant.
|
|
| 35. |
- Visintainer, Robert J., et al.
(författare)
-
Centrifugal pump performance deratings for a broadly graded (4-component) slurry
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Conferences on Transport and Sedimentation of Solid Particles 2017. - : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego we Wroclawiu. ; , s. 359-367
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 4-component model for settling slurry pipeline friction loss has been previously described by Wilson and Sellgren. The goal of the present work is to adapt the concepts of this model to the calculation of centrifugal slurry pump performance deratings (i.e. pump solids effect). Tests were carried out using four different graded silica and crushed granite products representing the four model components. These were then combined and tested in permutations from the individual components to the complete mixture at various concentrations. Closed-loop run times were limited to minimize solids degradation. Primary experiments were carried out using a GIW 8×10 LSA-32 pump and selected corresponding experiments were repeated using a smaller GIW 3×4 LCC-12 pump. In all, 40 tests were performed with particle sizes ranging from minus 40 μm to 12.5 mm, dso particle sizes from minus 40 um to 7.5 mm, and delivered solids concentrations from 4% to 38% by volume. Particle size distributions varied from very narrow to very broad, with d85/d50 ratios ranging from 1.3 to 30. A new 4-component model for the pump Head Reduction Factor (solids effect on head) is proposed and compared with the existing mono-sized model described in the Centrifugal Slurry Pump Standard ANSI/HI 12.1-12.6-2016.
|
|
| 36. |
- Visintainer, Robert J., et al.
(författare)
-
Comprehensive loop testing of a broadly graded (4-component) slurry
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 20th International Conference on Hydrotransport. - : BHR Group Limited. ; , s. 307-323
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 4-component model for settling slurry pipeline friction loss has been previously described by Wilson and Sellgren. The goal of the present work was to collect a comprehensive and accurate data set spanning multiple flow regimes for the purpose of validating and calibrating the model. This was accomplished by obtaining four different graded silica and crushed granite products representing the four model components. These were then combined and tested in permutations from the individual components to the complete mixture at various concentrations. Primary experiments were carried out in a 203 mm (8 inch) pipeline with selected corresponding experiments repeated in a 103 mm (4 inch) pipeline for validation of pipe size scaling. In all, 40 tests were performed with particle sizes ranging from minus 40 m to 12.5 mm, d50 particle sizes from minus 40 μm to 7.5 mm, and delivered solids concentrations from 4% to 38% by volume. Particle size distributions varied from very narrow to very broad, with d85/d50 ratios ranging from 1.3 to 30. Analysis of the data suggested the introduction of two new correlating factors which have resulted in good agreement between the comprehensive data set and the revised model.
|
|
| 37. |
- Weir-McCall, Jonathan R., et al.
(författare)
-
Development and validation of a path length calculation for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity measurement : A TASCFORCE, SUMMIT, and caerphilly collaborative venture
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Hypertension. - 0194-911X. ; 71:5, s. 937-945
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current distance measurement techniques for pulse wave velocity (PWV) calculation are susceptible to intercenter variability. The aim of this study was to derive and validate a formula for this distance measurement. Based on carotid femoral distance in 1183 whole-body magnetic resonance angiograms, a formula was derived for calculating distance. This was compared with distance measurements in 128 whole-body magnetic resonance angiograms from a second study. The effects of recalculation of PWV using the new formula on association with risk factors, disease discrimination, and prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events were examined within 1242 participants from the multicenter SUMMIT study (Surrogate Markers of Micro- and Macrovascular Hard End-Points for Innovative Diabetes Tools) and 825 participants from the Caerphilly Prospective Study. The distance formula yielded a mean error of 7.8 mm (limits of agreement =-41.1 to 56.7 mm; P<0.001) compared with the second whole-body magnetic resonance angiogram group. Compared with an external distance measurement, the distance formula did not change associations between PWV and age, blood pressure, or creatinine (P<0.01) but did remove significant associations between PWV and body mass index (BMI). After accounting for differences in age, sex, and mean arterial pressure, intercenter differences in PWV persisted using the external distance measurement (F=4.6; P=0.004), whereas there was a loss of between center difference using the distance formula (F=1.4; P=0.24). PWV odds ratios for cardiovascular mortality remained the same using both the external distance measurement (1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.24; P=0.001) and the distance formula (1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.28; P<0.001). A population-derived automatic distance calculation for PWV obtained from routinely collected clinical information is accurate and removes intercenter measurement variability without impacting the diagnostic utility of carotid-femoral PWV.
|
|
