| 1. |
- Agélii Genlott, Annika, 1968-
(author)
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Designing for Transformational Change in School : Digitalizing the Digitized
- 2020
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Digital technologies have gained a prominent role in education and schools, but research concerning how digital technologies can create better conditions for improved teaching and enhanced learning for students is scarce and inconclusive. Successful use of digital technologies requires a complex combination of interacting factors, including integrating technology and pedagogy as well as organizing and leading a structured transformation process. The capability of school organizations to lead and support the digitalization process is an under-researched field compared to the well-established focus on individual stakeholders.This thesis examines how experimentation and innovation processes in school can be designed and pursued to support and enhance digitalization across an entire school organization by using a Design Science Research (DSR) approach to answer the question: How can a school organization at municipal level lead digital transformation through the digitalization of teaching and learning processes in an organized, professional, and, as far as possible, scientifically based way?The findings show that the design and use of the Information System Artifact model (ISA) together with a DSR development method can support both improved teaching and enhanced learning within and across a school organization. Effective use of digital technologies to improve teaching and learning across the school organization requires fundamental changes of ordinary practices and engagement as well as commitment from school authorities and school leaders.This thesis contributes with empirically and theoretically based insights from leading (digital) transformational change in school through the iterative design of IS artifacts used as a driver and quality control for the shift from digitization towards digitalization aiming at improved teaching and enhanced learning.
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| 2. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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An inter-organisational perspective on challenges in one-stop government
- 2008
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In: International Journal of Electronic Governance. - 1742-7509 .- 1742-7517. ; 1:3, s. 296-314
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fragmentation and isolated development are main problems that hinder successful e-government. This paper has an inter-organisational perspective on challenges in one-stop government. We present a conceptual framework that characterises an inter-organisational relationship and its dimensions. The conceptual framework is used for analysing data from an inter-organisational one-stop government project. When applying the framework we focus on some interesting issues and explain some of the challenges that our interviewees identified. By addressing these inter-organisational aspects we reached further understanding of the problems associated with this case, which can provide added value to discussions of e-government challenges, barriers and problems in general.
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| 3. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Analyzing best practice and critical success factors in a health information system case : Are there any shortcuts to successful IT implementation?
- 2011
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In: Proceedings of the 19th European Conference on Information Systems - ECIS 2011. - : European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) and Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). - 9789526035741 ; , s. 2157-2168
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper discusses critical success factors (CSF) and best practice in relation to IT implementation in the health sector. We have studied a University Hospital’s implementation of a health information system (HIS) and particularly one clinic which implementation process was described as very successful compared to other units at this hospital. The purpose of the paper is to gain further understanding of if and how well CSFs and best practice solutions can explain this successful case. We do this in order to explore if CSFs and best practice offer any shortcuts to successful IT implementation. By understanding the reasons behind this case’s success we can identify if CSFs and best practice potentially can explain the success, or if there are other explanations in this case. Based on our findings we discuss and question the sometimes overestimated belief in CSFs and best practice as shortcuts to success performance. An important contribution from this study is that situational and contextual factors are very critical to understand and acknowledge during HIS implementations.
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| 4. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Citizen Participation and Involvement in eGovernment Projects : An Emergent Framework
- 2008
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In: Electronic Government. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783540852032 ; , s. 207-218
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper reports from an action research project where focus groups have been used as an approach for taking citizens’ requirements into account during public e-service development projects. In the paper we use theories from the area of user participation in the information systems (IS) discipline in order to discuss and enhance the specific aspects of citizen participation and involvement in the eGovernment context. The main purpose of this paper is to enrich the eGovernment field in general, and to facilitate the citizen perspective in eGovernment development projects in particular, by using notions from the user participation tradition in the IS discipline. Our empirical findings from performing focus groups are discussed and compared to well-known user participation theories from the IS discipline. This results in an emergent framework for better understanding of citizen participation and involvement in the eGovernment context. The emergent framework consists of a set of questions that can be used in order to put an increased focus on the citizen perspective in future eGovernment development projects.
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| 5. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Citizens’ Attitudes towards Electronic Identification in a Public E-service Context : An Essential Perspective in the eID Development Process
- 2012
-
In: Electronic Government. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642334887 ; , s. 260-272
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th IFIP WG 8.5 International Conference, EGOV 2012, held in Delft, The Netherlands, in September 2012. The 23 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from more then 80 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on foundations; adoption and diffusion; open government and transformation; infrastructure and technology; evaluation; and citizen perspective, social inclusion, and social media.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Communication Analysis of Public Forms : Discovering Multi-functional Purposes in Citizen and Government Communication
- 2007
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In: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : MidSweden University. - 1653-4360. ; :3, s. 161-181
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper adopts a communication perspective on forms in public e-services. This perspective emphasizes that the main purpose of such forms is to facilitate communication between citizens and government agencies. The form is perceived as a tool for performing communicative actions. A communication analysis (CA) method, originally developed for systems requirements engineering, is applied on a public form; i.e. the medical certificate used in connection with a citizen’s application for a provisional driving license in Sweden. The CA method consists of a set of questions related tothree communicative categories; conditions, actions, and consequences. The CA method is used in order to explore the communicative roles of forms in public e-services. As a result of the communication analysis four multi-functional purposes of citizen and government agency communication are discovered. These purposes contribute to the understanding and evaluation of forms in public e-services. The communicative roles, and their multi-functional purposes, are important design features to focus in the development of e-services and electronic forms. Besides these findings, another outcomeis that the CA method has been tested in an e-government context. The communication perspective, as well as the CA method, contribute with useful insights in this context.
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| 8. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Developing public e-services for several stakeholders : a multifaceted view of the needs for an e-service
- 2009
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In: Proceeding of the 17th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2009). - 9788861293915 ; , s. 653-664
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper discusses how several stakeholders in a public e-service development project consider a future e-service and expected changes in administrative processes and working routines. Our findings indicate a much more multi facetted view than the common win-win situation, with increased quality for citizens and increased efficiency for agencies, which is rhetorically put forth as an effect of public e-service implementation. We have studied a development project resulting in an e-service for handling student anonymity when marking written exams in higher education. In this case we have identified five stakeholder groups related to this e-service; students, teachers, course administrators, exam guards, and the university at an agency level. All of them having certain expectations and fears about the new situation. By presenting this diversity in opinions we add further complexity to the discussion of building trust or mistrust for administration and technology when developing public e-services.
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| 9. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Exploring services in a smart city through socio-technical design principles: Revealing five tensions in a smart living context
- 2024
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In: Government Information Quarterly. - 0740-624X .- 1872-9517. ; 41:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Smart cities have been studied for many years, but smart homes and the citizens' actual living in these smart homes are less researched. We argue that for digital government research, and for governments to be successful in smart city development in practice, it is necessary not only to understand living on a societal level, but also living aspects in the narrow context of homes. Citizens populate the smart city and are the ones who are supposed to use the services provided by the government. In this article we explore and analyze digital and analogue services in smart homes developed in a new city district. We have conducted observational studies in 53 apartments during an urban living expo which we analyze by applying a set of socio-technical design principles. The research question that guides the analysis is: “What tensions between values in digital and analogue services for a smart living can be revealed by a socio-technical perspective?”. We identify five tensions between: 1) being in control and being controlled, 2) intended and undesirable use of personal data, 3) digital and analogue smartness, 4) smart home visions and practices, and 5) environmental and social sustainability. By revealing these tensions, we contribute to an understanding of the complexity of smart living. We also contribute by highlighting the importance of applying a perspective that captures both technology and citizen and user issues (i.e., social aspects) when developing services in the smart home context.
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| 10. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Exploring the importance of citizen participation and involvement in e-government projects : Practice, incentives, and organization
- 2010
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In: Transforming Government. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1750-6166 .- 1750-6174. ; 4:4, s. 299-321
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this research is to investigate if, and in that case, how and what the e-government field can learn from user participation concepts and theories in general IS research. We aim to contribute with further understanding of the importance of citizen participation and involvement within the e-government research body of knowledge and when developing public e-services in practice.Design/Methodology/Approach – The analysis in the article is made from a comparative, qualitative case study of two e-government projects. Three analysis themes are induced from the literature review; practice of participation, incentives for participation, and organization of participation. These themes are guiding the comparative analysis of our data with a concurrent openness to interpretations from the field.Findings – The main results in this article are that the e-government field can get inspiration and learn from methods and approaches in traditional IS projects concerning user participation, but in e-government we also need methods to handle the challenges that arise when designing public e-services for large, heterogeneous user groups. Citizen engagement cannot be seen as a separate challenge in e-government, but rather as an integrated part of the process of organizing, managing, and performing e-government projects. Our analysis themes of participation generated from literature; practice, incentives and organization can be used in order to highlight, analyze, and discuss main issues regarding the challenges of citizen participation within e-government. This is an important implication based on our study that contributes both to theory on and practice of e-government.Practical implications – Lessons to learn from this study concern that many e-government projects have a public e-service as one outcome and an internal e-administration system as another outcome. A dominating internal, agency perspective in such projects might imply that citizens as the user group of the e-service are only seen as passive receivers of the outcome – not as active participants in the development. By applying the analysis themes, proposed in this article, citizens as active participants can be thoroughly discussed when initiating (or evaluating) an e-government project.Originality/value – This article addresses challenges regarding citizen participation in e-government development projects. User participation is well-researched within the IS discipline, but the e-government setting implies new challenges, that are not explored enough.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
How to Use the Potential of Learning Outcomes in IS Courses : Listening to the Voices of Students
- 2010
-
In: 2010 ISECON Proceedings.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study illustrates how students view the role and meaning of learning outcomes. We have conducted a focus group with students who attended the course “Enterprise (ERP) systems and organizing” within an IS bachelor program in Sweden. Our study shows that students, as a course’s main stakeholder group, regard the multi-functionality of learning outcomes. What they still miss is knowledge about the role and meaning of learning outcomes as control instruments for the entire educational process. When teachers formulate learning outcomes in a transparent and clear way, students will be able to use them actively prior to courses, during courses and after courses. In order to better use the potential of learning outcomes in practice, we need to find ways of not just formulating learning outcomes in a standardized manner, but also practicing them in our courses. When this learning outcome model has been accepted and applied in teachers’ course activities, not just their syllabus writing, we have possibilities to use the full potential of learning outcomes.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Seven key lessons learned from e-government development : a reflective analysis of an e-government project
- 2009
-
In: Scandinavian Workshop on eGovernment.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper a longitudinal case study of an e-government development project is reported. The authors have followed a development project during three years, from its initiation to its end. The purpose of the paper is to identify and analyze important decisions made and external factors that occurred during the project and discuss their consequences. The findings are presented as seven key lessons that other e-government projects can learn from. The contributions are, thus, both a reflective analysis of an empirical e-government development example and normative statements about how to conduct successful e-government projects.
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| 16. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Six key lessons for e-government projects
- 2009
-
In: Electronic government. - Linz : TRAUNER Verlag. - 9783854996255 ; , s. 93-103
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we analyze a public e-service development project from its initiation to its end and reflect upon the process as well as its results. The purpose of the paper is to develop knowledge about how e-government projects should be managed and performed in order to be successful. We do this by identifying and analyzing important decisions made and external factors that occurred during the project and discussing their consequences. The findings are presented as six key lessons for e-government projects. The novel knowledge contribution is that the lessons combine aspects from established CSFs of IT projects with e-government-focused issues. Together these six lessons can be more useful in e-government projects than previous sets of general CSFs for IT projects.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Talking to, Not About, Citizens : Experiences of Focus Groups in Public E-Service Development
- 2007
-
In: Electronic Government. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783540744436 - 9783540744443 ; , s. 179-190
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper focuses deficient understanding of citizens’ needs regarding public e-services. In Sweden e-government efforts are motivated by dual goals of citizen benefit and agencies’ internal efficiency. Rhetorical, this is a persuasive ambition, but in practice it seems to be easier to focus agency efficiency and redesign of business processes and information systems than to find out what citizens really want. Citizens, i.e. the future users of the e-service, are in best case represented in the project by citizen organizations. More seldom do individual citizens take part in the project. User needs are, thus, sometimes “guessed” instead of analyzed. We report from an e-government project which started with little understanding of the future users. To overcome this we introduced focus groups as a method to meet and talk to citizens and find out their needs regarding the e-service. The paper discusses how focus groups can be used in e-government projects.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Young citizens' attitudes towards electronic identification : A neglected perspective in an on-going development and implementation process
- 2012
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article reports from an empirical study of young Swedish university students’ attitudes towards electronic identification (eID). Three focus groups were conducted with students, as a main target group, who were asked to use a public e-service at the Swedish Board for Study Support which demanded secure electronic identification. After having conducted the assigned tasks the students’ attitudes were discussed in the focus group. Our findings show that usability and security are two main themes that the respondents found to be important in order to trust eID and e-services. This example of how citizens’ attitudes towards electronic identification can be explored in focus groups is related to the on-going national development process of a new eID solution on a strategic and artifact level. In this process no citizens are participating or involved so far. We conclude the article by discussing what might be the consequences of neglecting citizens’ attitudes in this kind of development and implementation processes.
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| 21. |
- Elg, Mattias, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Digitalisation and quality management: problems and prospects
- 2021
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In: Production Planning and Control. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0953-7287 .- 1366-5871. ; 32:12, s. 990-1003
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Digitalisation provides both challenges and opportunities for Quality Management (QM). The purpose of this study is to identify various roles QM practitioners play in digitalisation initiatives to uncover the challenges and potential of QM's digitalisation journey. This issue is addressed through an analytical framework that stresses two dimensions: the exploration and exploitation of digitalised QM processes and value creation, which is performed by the customer or in interactions facilitated by the provider. Through a multiple-case study of four large Swedish organisations, we propose six different challenges and corresponding roles for QM. Further, the study identifies challenges of digitalisation affecting both exploitative and explorative practices throughout an organisation's value creation process. This research contributes to the existing literature with empirical evidence on the challenges induced by digitalisation, an area often discussed but not as often studied empirically.
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| 22. |
- Granath, Malin, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Reflection note: Smart City Research in a Societal Context. A Scandinavian perspective and beyond?
- 2021
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems. - : IRIS Association (Information Systems Research in Scandinavia). - 0905-0167 .- 1901-0990. ; 33:1, s. 5-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This reflection note is part of the special section focused on smart cities. The note puts contemporary smart city research into a societal context and elaborates on the role of a Scandinavian perspective in this domain. The authors reflect upon how Information Systems Research can contribute to smart city research and what additional value a Scandinavian perspective can bring. The note is focused on two topics: 1) participation and involvement, and 2) privacy and security.
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| 23. |
- Holgersson, Jesper, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Exploring User Participation Practice in Public E-Service Development : Why, How and in Whose Interest?
- 2018
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In: The Electronic Journal of e-Government. - : Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited. - 1479-439X. ; 16:1, s. 72-86
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- User participation is seen as an important enabler for successful public e-service development. However, at the same time development of public e-services is still often characterised by an internal government perspective with little consideration for external users’ perspectives. This paper challenges the overly positive attitude that is surrounding user participation in e-government research. The paper aims to illustrate and problematize various aspects that influence why, how, and in whose interest user participation is conducted in public e-service development. First, via a literature review, we identify a set of dimensions for critically exploring how, why, and in whose interest user participation is conducted in public e-service development projects. Second, we use these dimensions in order to characterise and analyse three empirical public e-service development cases in order to test the utility, usefulness, and feasibility of the identified dimensions. Our findings highlight the importance of questioning and elaborating on the motives behind user participation (the why) in public e-service development. We also identify two basic forms of how user participation is addressed in public e-service development projects: 1) veneered participation, and 2) ad-hoc participation. Furthermore, we argue that any decisions made regarding user participation in public e-service development should be based on conscious and informed choices concerning why user participation is needed and what it may bring for different stakeholders and their interests.
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| 24. |
- Martin, Jason, 1969-, et al.
(author)
-
Närhet på distans : En guide för ledarskap på distans med stöd av digitala arbetssätt
- 2023
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Det du nu läser är en guide tänkt att användas som ett stöd och en vägledning till dig som i arbetet leder eller deltar i aktiviteter på distans med stöd av digitala arbetssätt. Guiden är utvecklad av forskare och organisationer i flera forskningsprojekt som studerar möjligheter och utmaningar i ledarskap på distans med stöd av digitala arbetssätt. Guiden vänder sig i första hand till er som är chefer och ledare med ansvar för att planera och genomföra aktiviteter på distans med stöd av digitala arbetssätt, men den kan även läsas av medarbetare och andra funktioner i era organisationer. En central del i guiden är ”verktygslådan” där vi, utifrån våra egna forskningsresultat samt med stöd av tidigare forskning, har satt ihop ett urval av praktiska verktyg som kan användas för att möjliggöra ett effektivare ledarskap på distans. Guiden och verktygen i verktygslådan tar avstamp i vardagsnära situationer och aktiviteter som vi i våra forskningsprojekt sett innehåller stor potential att förbättra hur arbete på distans med stöd av digitala arbetssätt kan organiseras och ledas. Vi visar vanligt förekommande arbetssätt och verktyg och ger konkreta och praktiska tips på hur ni kan arbeta tillsammans för att kunna uppnå bättre resultat, lära och utveckla både för individer och för organisationen samt bidra till bättre hälsa och välbefinnande. Guiden kan ses som en palett av arbetssätt och verktyg som ni antingen kan pröva direkt och/eller ha som underlag för diskussion i syfte att ta fram egna, skräddarsydda arbetssätt. Använd den som inspiration och hjälpmedel för att utveckla ditt ledarskap och medarbetarskap samt ditt sätt att leda och möjliggöra digitala aktiviteter på distans. Om du vill testa någon eller några av de verktyg och arbetssätt som presenteras i guiden tillsammans forskare så hör av dig till Jason Martin (jason.martin@liu.se) eller Andreas Wallo (andreas.wallo@liu.se) på Linköpings universitet.
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| 25. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Action in action research : Elaborating the concepts of action, roles and dilemmas in a public e-service development project
- 2016
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In: Journal of Systems and Information Technology. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1328-7265. ; 18:2, s. 118-147
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the concept of action by addressing actions and roles in the practice of action research, illustrated by dilemmas in an action research project on information systems development in public sector. The main ambition with action research is being able to solve organisational problems through intervention and to contribute to scientific knowledge. The main emphasis has so far been on the “research part”. Here the authors focus on the “action part” of action research to generate rigorous research, to solve local problems and to deal with evident dilemmas in action research.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative case study. The empirical illustrations of this paper originate from an action research project that focused the two e-service development initiatives analysed below. The analysis is structured using key aspects and phases proposed by Avison et al. (2001). As a result of the analysis, the concept of action is elaborated. The action elements action, actor, motive, space and time are analysed together with different roles. This goes beyond the existing action research literature.FindingsThe conclusions show that there is a need to understand actions and roles within action research projects – not separating action from research. Research is also seen as action. The practice of action research is also discussed as context-bounded interactive social action: action research as a recurrent, interactive and dynamic activity. It is also identified that the understanding of roles, actions and interaction can help handle dilemmas in action research.Research Limitations/implicationsThe authors contribute to the body of knowledge concerning action research in the information systems research field and in general by exploring the need to study the concept of action (e.g. situations and elements), to be explicit concerning the different phases, roles and responsibilities and management of different dilemmas in action research. A limitation of this study is that the inter-organisational development character in this study adds an extra dimension into the practice of actions research only partially highlighted. Another limitation is focus on public agencies. However, this is not critical for the results on action elements and the action research dilemmas that are studied.Practical ImplicationsThe understanding of roles, actions and interaction can solve the dilemmas and challenges linked to the practice of action research in the information systems field, but such understanding can help discover and handle dilemmas in action research.Originality/valueThe originality in this research is an illustration of and a perspective of action research as a context-bounded interactive social action: action research as a recurrent, interactive and dynamic activity. The value is that this knowledge can help handle dilemmas in action research.
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| 26. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Action in Action Research - Illustrations of What, Who, Why, Where, and When from an E-Government Project
- 2007
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The core content of action research (AR) is being able to solve organisational problems through intervention and to contribute to scientific knowledge. The main emphasis when discussing AR has been on the -research part-. In this paper we focus on -action part- of AR in order to generate rigorous research, to solve local problems and to deal with evident dilemmas in AR. Action elements are addressed by situations in a project on one-stop government e-service development. As a result of the analysis action is illustrated. Action elements: action, actor, motive, space, time are analysed together with roles. The paper also shows a need to understand initiation, problem and situation addressing as an ongoing process in an AR project. A breakdown in the project is also highlighted and situations where problems discovers the action researcher and vice versa.
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| 27. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Developing Information Systems Education in a Network : Lessons Learned from a R&D Project
- 2010
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In: 2010 ISECON Proceedings: v27 n1372.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we focus on lessons learned from developing information systems (IS) higher education in an inter-organizational (IO) network focusing possibilities and challenges. Developing higher education is one area among others where organizing joint efforts in networks are possible. An IO R&D project is described and analyzed in this paper. The overall research design is qualitative and interpretive. The research is based on a case study of the project and the network collaboration between four Swedish universities as participants as such. Theoretical concepts that characterize an IO relationship (continuity, complexity, symmetry, and formality) and concepts that describe dimensions of such relationships (links, bonds, and ties) helped us to describe and to analyze interaction in the IO network together with the characterization of context, content and process related to the development work. The IO network in this paper is classified as a joint problem solver; a functional network. Findings in the paper address several possibilities and challenges related to higher education development in IO networks. Findings highlight e.g. the need to involve active teachers and researchers, to manage distributed teams, to be aware of the critical and sensitive matter of opening up the “black box” of courses using critical friends, and the time and effort needed for anchoring projects and changes at the participating universities.
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| 28. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Developing Information Systems Higher Education : Lessons Learned from an Inter-organizational R&D Project
- 2011
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In: Information Systems Education Journal (ISEDJ). - 1545-679X. ; 9:6, s. 11-20
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we focus on lessons learned from developing information systems (IS) higher education in an inter-organizational (IO) network focusing possibilities and challenges. Developing higher education is one area among others where organizing joint efforts in networks are possible. An IO R&D project is described and analyzed in this paper. The overall research design is qualitative and interpretive. The research is based on a case study of the project and the network collaboration between four Swedish universities as participants. Theoretical concepts that characterize an IO relationship (continuity, complexity, symmetry, and formality) and concepts that describe dimensions of such relationships (links, bonds, and ties) helped us to describe and to analyze interaction in the IO network together with the characterization of context, content and process related to the development work. The IO network in this paper is classified as a joint problem solver; a functional network. Findings in the paper address several possibilities and challenges related to higher education development in IO networks. Findings highlight e.g. the need to involve active teachers and researchers, to manage distributed teams, to be aware of the critical and sensitive matter of opening up the “black box” of courses using critical friends, and the time and effort needed for anchoring projects and changes at the participating universities.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Implementing Healthcare Information Systems : Mirroring a Wide Spectrum of Images of an IT Project
- 2014
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In: Health Policy and Technology. - : Elsevier. - 2211-8837 .- 2211-8845. ; 3:1, s. 26-35
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the spectrum of interpretations that can be related to the implementation and use of a healthcare information system (HIS). The empirical part of this paper is based on a qualitative case study of a Swedish healthcare provider, called “Alpha”, where a HIS was implemented. By studying how different actors interpret technological and organizational changes in a healthcare case, we mirror different images of the implementation project. Put together, this diversity of images provides an illustration of the complexity associated with the process of implementing a HIS. We apply an adjusted version of Orlikowski’s practice lens, with its roots in Structuration Theory, in order to study technology in organizations (focusing inertia, application and change). The implementation process of a HIS is much too complex to be judged as being either entirely positive or negative; instead it offers an illustration of the multi-faceted and reciprocal relation between IS and organization. This challenge literature on critical success factors. This study illustrates several images of HIS implementation and use. Highlighting images is one way to illustrate reluctance, support, complexity and power that are present in HIS implementation and use. This is one important contribution from this article. The complexity in the implementation is linked to healthcare organizations as professional bureaucracies, being highly politicized and institutionalized and to the IT artefact as an integrated HIS. Viewing images as rational myths is also discussed in this paper as an original approach to understand HIS implementation.
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| 31. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Inter-organizational Information Systems and Interaction in Public vs. Private Sector : Comparing Two Cases
- 2010
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In: Electronic Government. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783642147982 ; , s. 38-49
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper compares inter-organizational (IO) interaction and inter-organizational information systems (IOS) in public and private sector. The purpose of the paper is to explore differences and similarities between e-government and e-business focusing IOS and interaction. This is done in order to facilitate learning between the two fields. The point of departure is two case studies performed in private vs. public sectors. A comparative study is made using IO concepts from industrial markets that characterize an IO relationship (continuity, complexity, symmetry, and formality) and concepts that describe dimensions of such relationships (links, bonds, and ties). The results from the comparative study show that there are several similarities concerning interaction in relations between organizations in the two sectors. There are also differences depending on the level of analysis (empirical level vs. analytical level). The study shows the need to be explicit regarding organizational value, end-customer or client/citizen value and the type of objects that are exchanged in the interaction.
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| 32. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Managing e-Government Projects : a Comparative Case Study of two Inter-Organizational e-service Development Initiatives
- 2008
-
In: Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Information Systems. - Galway : National University of Ireland. - 9780955315923 ; , s. 1716-1727
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- E-government initiatives have large potentials in developing better services for citizens and a potential to transform government structures. However e-government initiatives face a number of challenges of complexity and risk - it is not an easy matter to realize its potentials. A key research issue for the e-government field, as well as the information systems field in general, is to understand why some projects progress to success while others end in failure. The main objective in this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of the progress and the success vs. failure in e-government development based on case studies of two inter-organizational e-service projects. The analysis in the paper is made from a) an e-government systems development life cycle perspective and b) a challenge and success factors perspective. The main result in this paper is that crucial success factors of an inter-organizational e-government project include project manager skills and position in the agency organization as well as when and how systems maintenance issues are introduced in the project. Criticism is presented concerning the life cycle model used in the analysis regarding this last matter.
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| 33. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Managing e-service development : comparing two e-government case studies
- 2009
-
In: Transforming Government - People, Process and Policy. - Bingley, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1750-6166 .- 1750-6174. ; 3:3, s. 248-270
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – To contribute to a better understanding of the progress and the success vs. failure in e-government development, based on case studies of two inter-organizational e-service projects.Design/Methodology/Approach – The analysis in the paper is made from a) an e-government systems development life-cycle perspective and b) a challenge and success factor perspective. The point of departure is theory and a comparative analysis of two e-government projects.Findings – The main results in this paper are 1) a combination of perspectives (in a project stage and analysis grid) that can serve as a support when managing e-service development and 2) a set of identified crucial success factors within an inter-organizational e-government project including project manager skills and position in the agency organization as well as when and how systems maintenance issues are introduced into a project. Existing theory and perspectives are also criticised based on the present study.Practical implications – Lessons to learn from a challenge and success factors perspective in two different e-government projects, and suggestions to revise an e-government development life-cycle in order to perform a better practice in the field. The revised/developed project stage and analysis grid presented in the paper is one way to deal with the challenges related to the management of e-service development in the public sector.Originality/value – This paper addresses a number of challenges of complexity and risk that e-government initiatives face. It is not an easy matter to realize such initiatives’ potential. A key research issue for the e-government field, as well as the information systems field in general, is to understand why some projects progress to success while others end in failure. This is the niche for the present paper.
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| 34. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Managing The Development Of Secure Identification - Investigating A National e-ID Initiative Within A Public e-Service Context
- 2013
-
In: Proceedings of the 21st European Conference on Information Systems.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates the management of developing electronic identification (e-ID) within a public e-service context. e-ID is an important key enabler for secure identification, authentication and digital signing via the Internet and a part of e-service design. As users, and citizens, we become reliant on electronic solutions that give us a certain level of utility and trust, and use e-ID solutions to interact with local and central government in an e-service context. The management of e-ID development in a national context is the case in focus for investigation. Such development initiatives, and especially inter-organizational projects, face a number of challenges. Therefore it is a need for a more thorough understanding of e-ID development within a public e-service context. The purpose is to analyse the contemporary management of e-ID development in Sweden from: a) an e-government systems development life-cycle perspective and b) a project challenge and critical success factor perspective. This study concludes that there are significant challenges involved in managing integrated e-ID development. Challenges involve the organization and management of the program and can be traced back to e-government and general project management literature, but based on this study one can question, e.g. governance models, centralization, and a narrow focus on a technical artefact. Important implications from this paper are a call for further contextual studies of e-ID development, putting the user and organizational setting, path dependency, and governance models in focus.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Project-based Learning : An Emergent Framework for Designing Courses
- 2006
-
In: The Proceedings of the Information Systems Education Conference 2006.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we elaborate on a framework, a set of guidelines, for teachers when designing project based courses. The emergent framework presented in this paper will focus on six themes: (1) overall course design, (2) project task, (3) project group, (4) examination, (5) feedback and (6) course evaluation and improvement and is initially grounded in theory and practice. The framework elaborated in this paper should support teachers' development of a professional autonomy within the norms of a professional group and an active curriculum.
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| 37. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Project-based Learning : An Emergent Framework for Designing Courses
- 2009
-
In: Information systems education journal. - Chicago : Education Special Interest Group of AITP, the Association of Information Technology Professionals. - 1545-679X. ; 7, s. 34-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we elaborate on a framework, a set of guidelines, for teachers when designing project based courses. The emergent framework presented in this paper will focus on six themes: (1) overall course design, (2) project task, (3) project group, (4) examination, (5) feedback and (6) course evaluation and improvement and is initially grounded in theory and practice. The framework elaborated in this paper should support teachers' development of a professional autonomy within the norms of a professional group and an active curriculum.
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| 38. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Talking to, not about, Entrepreneurs - Experiences of Public e-service Development in a Business Start Up Case
- 2008
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper focuses on experiences from using focus groups in order to facilitate and to understand citizens-, in this case entrepreneurs-, needs regarding public e-services in a business start up phase. Most e-government efforts are motivated by dual goals of citizen benefit and agencies- internal efficiency. Rhetorical, this is a persuasive ambition, but in practice it often seems to be easier to focus agency efficiency, redesign of business processes and information systems than to find out what citizens really want. Therefore this paper discusses focus groups as a way of understanding entrepreneurs need regarding public e-services. In this paper the cooperation between researchers and practitioners in the development project also is discussed. Results presented in this paper shows that focus groups is a beneficial method in order to hear -the voice of the people- when developing public e-services. The researcher - practitioner cooperation that took place in the project is also identified as beneficial and fruitful for the process and the outcome.
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| 39. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Understanding an Integrated Management System in a Government Agency – Focusing Institutional Carriers : Focusing Institutional Carriers
- 2018
-
In: Electronic Government. EGOV 2018. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319986906 - 9783319986890 ; , s. 15-28
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Working with an integrated management system (IMS) is a challenging task. In public organizations, the formalization of an IMS including the communication of control mechanisms, rules, goals and culture are crucial. Several types of carriers are used in order to communicate the content in an IMS – both human actors and artefacts. An artefact studied in this paper is an intranet, as one carrier of the IMS. The purpose of this paper is to explore how institutional theory – focusing institutional carriers – can help us to understand how an IMS is represented through human actors and technology in a government agency. The conclusion is that the application of an institutional carrier perspective on an IMS can help us to understand the past and present, the role, and the relative success of such a system. An IMS can be aligned or misaligned related to three dimensions of structure, process and people. Achieving an aligned and legitimate IMS is crucial in order to achieve goals in an organization. The implications of this study are that further research and practice should give more attention to institutional carriers when studying and improving IMS.
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| 40. |
- Melin, Ulf, 1968-, et al.
(author)
-
Understanding Organizational Coordination and Information Systems : Mintzberg's Coordination Mechanisms Revisited and Evaluated
- 2005
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In: Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Information Systems. - 3937195092 ; , s. 1634-1644
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates organizational coordination and its relationship to computer-based information systems. As a basis for understanding organizational coordination and information system use, Mintzberg’s well-known set of coordination mechanisms is used as a point of departure in this paper. The set of coordination mechanisms is evaluated by applying it in an interpretive case study of a house building firm and confronting the set of mechanisms with other theories of coordination. The result of the evaluation shows that the applied set of coordination mechanisms does not sufficiently cover important aspects of organizational coordination and information system use, such as more dynamic issues (e.g. coordination history, external influence, emergent processes, concurrency and variation, and communication). The set of coordination mechanisms is, however, more sufficient when it comes to understanding formal division of labour, stable organizational structures and roles, and planned coordination.
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| 41. |
- Nordström, Malin, 1967-, et al.
(author)
-
Exploring the Characteristics of Information Systems Maintenance : Defining Focus and Content through Objects
- 2011
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In: Nordic Contributions in IS Research. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642227653 ; , s. 112-123
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to explore the characteristics of information systems (IS) maintenance within an IT and organizational setting. We discuss the characteristics of maintenance objects’ focus and content. Our results are based on qualitative case studies. In this paper a case study of a Swedish Bank is used to illustrate our discussion. Our findings show that maintenance objects can be defined by processes and/or functions or products and/or services within an organizational setting. This is done in order to increase a business perspective in maintenance management and to clarify roles of responsibility for organizational changes required from new IT capabilities. According to our findings maintenance objects can contain business solutions and IT solutions. This implies that business beneficial maintenance is supported by close cooperation between actors from the organizational setting and the IT organization. The result of the paper is a characterization of IS maintenance through definition of maintenance objects’ focus and content.
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| 42. |
- Persson, Anders, 1978-, et al.
(author)
-
e-Government challenges : Exploring inter-organisational aspects of e-service development
- 2006
-
In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth European Conference on Information Systems, ECIS 2006, Göteborg, Sweden, 2006. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 9163198940 ; , s. 1419-1430
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we are applying inter-organizational concepts from the industrial/business network approach on empirical findings from an e-government case, in order to describe and better understand challenges in one-stop government e-service development. We analyze our case by using concepts that characterize an inter-organizational relationship in terms of its level of continuity, complexity, symmetry, informality, and its dimensions (links, bonds, and ties). The purpose of the paper is to explore how these theoretical concepts can help us focus on certain aspects of e-service development challenges. The empirical findings are collected within an on-going action research project for e-service development in the public sector in Sweden. The aim of the project is to develop one-stop government e-services for driver’s license matters as well as a web-based portal where these e-services and information about the driver’s license process will be easily accessible. Our conclusions are that the theoretical concepts helped us reach further understanding of the empirical case. In the spirit of the network approach, we focused on the present situation and been able to give a rather detailed and fine-grained picture of the problems and challenges in this context.
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| 43. |
- Veenstra, Anne Fleur van, et al.
(author)
-
Theoretical and practical implications from the use of structuration theory in public sector information systems research
- 2014
-
In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) 2014, Tel Aviv, Israel, June 9-11, 2014. - 9780991556700
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To gain better understanding of the development, implementation and use of information technology(IT), many scholars in the field of information systems (IS) use structuration theory (ST). However, STis, so far, more seldom applied to, and reflected upon, in studies of public sector IS to account for(unexpected) outcomes of IT development and implementation. This paper creates an overview of theuse of ST in studies on public sector IT in order to identify theoretical and practical implications forthe digital public sector. Most (ten out of twelve) papers in this field apply ST to empirical studies,while three papers were found to adapt ST to fit public sector settings, and none were found tocritically address ST. While ST as a lens for studying public sector IT was thus seen to have practicalusefulness, theoretical usefulness is still underdeveloped regarding theory adaption andcontextualization. Based on this study we argue that there is a need to further investigate the risksassociated with the transfer to the public sector as it is important to achieve conscious adaptation anduse of ST in public sector IS in order to progress with using ST in that context.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Wedlund, Tommy, et al.
(author)
-
Learning outcomes in use : project-oriented education from a teacher’s perspective
- 2009
-
In: Proceedings of the Information Systems Education Conference 2009, v 26. ; , s. 1-11
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes how a teacher can apply learning outcomes in a syllabus in projectoriented education. We present these learning outcomes in the context of a project-oriented course and give practical examples of how a teacher can apply the examples by coordinating (1) learning outcomes in the syllabus, (2) learning activities in the course, and (3) processes in a project-oriented course. The examples are applied to processes in a project-oriented course, including the students’ individual learning process, project team process, and project process. Involving students early on, at the start of the course, by presenting the learning outcomes and then continuously working with and referring to them gives the students a learning structure. The course starts with learning outcomes building on team experience and knowledge, i.e., the project team process. After that come learning outcomes for the project process, making the project the carrier of new knowledge for the team, and finally learning outcomes ending in the students’ individual learning process, by which the students can deepen their learning, applying their knowledge in new situations and various learning activities. Project-oriented education was used in an undergraduate course at a Swedish university; experiences from this course are discussed and analysed here.
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| 46. |
- Wedlund, Tommy, 1962-, et al.
(author)
-
Project-Oriented Education - Managing Three Simultaneous Processes
- 2006
-
In: Higher Education Close Up 3,2006. - Lancaster University : ACM Press.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this paper, we describe how to manage teacher activities in three simultaneous processes in project-oriented education. We present these processes in the context of a project-oriented course and give examples of how teachers can apply them, both horizontally within a process and vertically in time between the processes. The examples are applied to the students- individual learning process, the project team process, and the project process. Students learn according to an individual learning process which begins by building on each student-s concrete experience and ends by testing the new knowledge in new situations. Project teams can reach the performing stage only if they are able to work together to complete the project tasks; this is the project team process. The project process consists of understanding the project environment, project management knowledge, and the application area for the project. Project-oriented education has been applied to undergraduate courses at Linköping University. Experiences from these courses are discussed and analysed in the paper.
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| 47. |
- Wedlund, Tommy, 1962-, et al.
(author)
-
Towards a Model for Learning Outcomes : Experiences from a Project-Oriented Course
- 2010
-
In: ISECON2010.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes an overall model that can be used by a teacher when working with learning outcomes. The model is presented in the context of a project-oriented course and contains three stages. It describes how a teacher can: (1) create a learning breakdown structure with learning modules; (2) define learning activities including feedback, assessment, and examination activities for the learning module; and (3) develop a learning chart that visualises how the learning should be accomplished. The description of the three stages can also be applied to general steps when developing a Gantt chart with project management tools. The work starts in a course with analysing the learning outcomes in the syllabus and breaking it down into learning modules. A learning activity list is subsequently created, which identifies attributes that are associated with each learning activity. This list also includes activities for feedback, assessment and examination of each learning module. Finally, work begins to create relationships between the learning outcomes and learning activities on a calendar-based time axis, which leads to the development of a learning chart. The experiences discussed and analysed here are based on project-oriented education in the context of an undergraduate course at a Swedish university.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Björn, Johansson, et al.
(author)
-
Centralising Hosting of Software Applications - Influence from E-government Services on Sourcing Decisions
- 2007
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There are a lot of reasons reported for why organisations start a sourcing decision. This paper discusses this theme based on two questions: Does the need and/or wish to increase e-Government services influence the start of a sourcing decision process aiming at reorganising hosting of software applications and if it does, how does it influence the start of such a decision-making process? The point of departure, besides a literature review, is a sourcing decision-making process in a Swedish municipality. When analysing the sourcing decision, five suggested propositions developed from the factors: control, core competence, capability, cost, and strategy, are used. It is concluded that municipalities in Sweden has to prepare for being more of an e-Government organisation, which means that more of the services the mu-nicipalities- employees has done before citizens will do by themselves. This demands that to be able to offer future e-Government services municipalities need to have control over soft-ware applications. From this study it is suggested that centralisation of hosting can be seen as decentralisation of work tasks from an e-Government perspective.
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| 50. |
- Crusoe, Jonathan, et al.
(author)
-
Investigating open government data barriers : A literature review and conceptualization
- 2018
-
In: Electronic Government. - Cham : Springer Verlag. - 9783319986890 - 9783319986906 ; , s. 169-183
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When focusing on open government data (OGD) publishing and related barriers, there are several complexities present. Largely, current research is focused on publishing and usage of OGD; and we argue that there are a need to investigate and to systematise OGD barrier research in order to understand and outline an expanded scope of the phenomenon. We expand by clarifying barriers linked to the release decision and the data’s organisational context. To investigate the OGD barriers, we conduct a systematic literature review, identifying 34 articles as a point of departure for our analysis. From these articles we create, present and discuss illustrations on historical development, barrier types, and different research focuses on OGD. When analysing the articles, we identify a focus on technical, organisational, and legal barrier types, while studies on open data usage and systems are less frequent. Our analysis also identifies some possible open data research barriers. In the article we also relate barriers to an expanded OGD process (Suitability, Release, Publish, Use, and Evaluation), identifying 46 barriers with possible linkages. The results is an expanded scope and a conceptual illustration of OGD barriers. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2018.
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