| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 5. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Khatri, C, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Varela, AR, et al.
(författare)
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Status and Trends of Physical Activity Surveillance, Policy, and Research in 164 Countries: Findings From the Global Observatory for Physical Activity-GoPA! 2015 and 2020 Surveys
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of physical activity & health. - : Human Kinetics. - 1543-5474 .- 1543-3080. ; 20:2, s. 112-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PA promotion. The aim of this paper was to assess the status and trends in PA surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries. Methods: We used data from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) 2015 and 2020 surveys. Comprehensive searches were performed for each country to determine the level of development of their PA surveillance, policy, and research, and the findings were verified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Trends were analyzed based on the data available for both survey years. Results: The global 5-year progress in all 3 indicators was modest, with most countries either improving or staying at the same level. PA surveillance, policy, and research improved or remained at a high level in 48.1%, 40.6%, and 42.1% of the countries, respectively. PA surveillance, policy, and research scores decreased or remained at a low level in 8.3%, 15.8%, and 28.6% of the countries, respectively. The highest capacity for PA promotion was found in Europe, the lowest in Africa and low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although a large percentage of the world’s population benefit from at least some PA policy, surveillance, and research efforts in their countries, 49.6 million people are without PA surveillance, 629.4 million people are without PA policy, and 108.7 million live in countries without any PA research output. A total of 6.3 billion people or 88.2% of the world’s population live in countries where PA promotion capacity should be significantly improved. Conclusion: Despite PA is essential for health, there are large inequalities between countries and world regions in their capacity to promote PA. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the inequalities and improve the global capacity for PA promotion.
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| 10. |
- Danesh, John, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis
- 2005
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Ingår i: JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3598 .- 0098-7484. ; 294:14, s. 1799-1809
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Plasma fibrinogen levels may be associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationships of fibrinogen levels with risk of major vascular and with risk of nonvascular outcomes based on individual participant data. DATA SOURCES: Relevant studies were identified by computer-assisted searches, hand searches of reference lists, and personal communication with relevant investigators. STUDY SELECTION: All identified prospective studies were included with information available on baseline fibrinogen levels and details of subsequent major vascular morbidity and/or cause-specific mortality during at least 1 year of follow-up. Studies were excluded if they recruited participants on the basis of having had a previous history of cardiovascular disease; participants with known preexisting CHD or stroke were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION: Individual records were provided on each of 154,211 participants in 31 prospective studies. During 1.38 million person-years of follow-up, there were 6944 first nonfatal myocardial infarctions or stroke events and 13,210 deaths. Cause-specific mortality was generally available. Analyses involved proportional hazards modeling with adjustment for confounding by known cardiovascular risk factors and for regression dilution bias. DATA SYNTHESIS: Within each age group considered (40-59, 60-69, and > or =70 years), there was an approximately log-linear association with usual fibrinogen level for the risk of any CHD, any stroke, other vascular (eg, non-CHD, nonstroke) mortality, and nonvascular mortality. There was no evidence of a threshold within the range of usual fibrinogen level studied at any age. The age- and sex- adjusted hazard ratio per 1-g/L increase in usual fibrinogen level for CHD was 2.42 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.24-2.60); stroke, 2.06 (95% CI, 1.83-2.33); other vascular mortality, 2.76 (95% CI, 2.28-3.35); and nonvascular mortality, 2.03 (95% CI, 1.90-2.18). The hazard ratios for CHD and stroke were reduced to about 1.8 after further adjustment for measured values of several established vascular risk factors. In a subset of 7011 participants with available C-reactive protein values, the findings for CHD were essentially unchanged following additional adjustment for C-reactive protein. The associations of fibrinogen level with CHD or stroke did not differ substantially according to sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipid levels, or several features of study design. CONCLUSIONS: In this large individual participant meta-analysis, moderately strong associations were found between usual plasma fibrinogen level and the risks of CHD, stroke, other vascular mortality, and nonvascular mortality in a wide range of circumstances in healthy middle-aged adults. Assessment of any causal relevance of elevated fibrinogen levels to disease requires additional research.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Riedel, M., et al.
(författare)
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Improving e-Science with Interoperability of the e-Infrastructures EGEE and DEISA
- 2008
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Ingår i: MIPRO 2008 - 31st International Convention Proceedings. - 9789532330366 ; , s. 225-231
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last couple of years, many e-Science infrastructures have begun to offer production services to e- Scientists with an increasing number of applications that require access to different kinds of computational resources. Within Europe two rather different multi-national e-Science infrastructures evolved over time namely Distributed European Infrastructure for Supercomputing Applications (DEISA) and Enabling Grids for E-SciencE (EGEE). DEISA provides access to massively parallel systems such as supercomputers that are well suited for scientific applications that require many interactions between their typically high numbers of CPUs. EGEE on the other hand provides access to a world-wide Grid of university clusters and PC pools that are well suited for farming applications that require less or even no interactions between the distributed CPUs. While DEISA uses the HPC-driven Grid technology UNICORE, EGEE is based on the gLite Grid middleware optimized for farming jobs. Both have less adoption of open standards and therefore both systems are technically non-interoperable, which means that no e-Scientist can easily leverage the DEISA and EGEE infrastructure with one suitable client environment for scientific applications. This paper argues that future interoperability of such large e-Science infrastructures is required to improve e-Science in general and to increase the real scientific impact of world-wide Grids in particular. We discuss the interoperability achieved by the OMII-Europe project that fundamentally improved the interoperability between UNICORE and gLite by using open standards. We also outline one specific scientific scenario of the WISDOM initiative that actually benefits from the recently established interoperability.
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| 14. |
- Memon, M. A., et al.
(författare)
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Aetiology and associations of halitosis : A systematic review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Oral Diseases. - : Wiley. - 1354-523X .- 1601-0825. ; 29:4, s. 1432-1438
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Halitosis is a term that refers to an unpleasant or foul odour originating from the oral cavity that can be caused by either intra-oral or extra-oral factors. Despite the fact that halitosis has multifactorial aetiology, intra-oral factors play a significant role in the majority of cases. This systematic review assesses halitosis's intra-oral and extra-oral associations. An electronic search through MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar and the Wiley Online Library was conducted to identify relevant manuscripts. A keywords-based search was performed, using the terms ‘halitosis’, ‘bad-breath’, and ‘oral malodour causes and aetiology’. Articles published from January 2014 to December 2020 were included. We selected studies evaluating the intra-oral and extra-oral factors that induce oral malodour, as well as the factors associated with systemic diseases. Eighty to ninety percent of halitosis is caused by intra-oral factors, with coated tongue, periodontal diseases and poor oral hygiene practices being the principal factors. Ten to twenty percent of halitosis is induced by extra-oral factors associated with systemic diseases. Multiple factors can cause halitosis, but most of the aetiology is intra-oral. Increased medical awareness is needed to determine the actual pathophysiological process of oral malodour in otherwise healthy individuals.
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| 15. |
- Hedman, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking of Integrated OGSA-BES with the Grid Middleware
- 2009
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Ingår i: EURO-PAR 2008 WORKSHOPS - PARALLEL PROCESSING. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642009549 ; , s. 113-122
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper evaluates the performance of the emerging OGF standard OGSA - Basic Execution Service (BES) on three fundamentally different Grid middleware platforms: UNICORE 5/6, Globus Toolkit 4 and gLite. The particular focus within this paper is on the OGSA-BES implementation of UNICORE 6. A comparison is made with baseline measurements, for UNICORE 6 and Globus Toolkit 4, using the legacy job submission interfaces. Our results show that the BES components are comparable in performance to existing legacy interfaces. We also have a strong indication that other factors, attributable to the supporting infrastructure, have a bigger impact on performance than BES components.
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| 16. |
- Memon, Maaz A., et al.
(författare)
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Assessing salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 in prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Dental Research. - : Wiley. - 2057-4347. ; 8:5, s. 1277-1283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) is considered as one of the most promising diagnostic markers for periodontal disease. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been correlated with impaired collagen synthesis and an increase in periodontal tissue susceptibility to pathogenic microorganisms. Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of ADT on salivary MMP-8 level and periodontal parameters, which might be useful in monitoring periodontal disease in prostate cancer patients undergoing ADT. Materials and Methods: A total of 88 subjects were selected and were divided into two groups: Group I included n = 78 PC patients who have been undergoing ADT); Group II included n = 10 healthy individuals. Periodontal parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), periodontal probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were examined. The salivary MMP-8 level was estimated by using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: Significant differences in mean salivary MMP-8 level were found between PC patients undergoing ADT and healthy individuals. Salivary MMP-8 levels of all individuals were positively correlated with GI, PI, PPD, and CAL. Salivary MMP-8 can distinguish between periodontitis and healthy individuals with an accuracy of about 80%. Conclusion: Salivary MMP-8 levels were found to be higher in prostate cancer patients undergoing ADT compared to healthy individuals.
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| 17. |
- Marzolla, M., et al.
(författare)
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Open standards-based interoperability of job submission and management interfaces across the grid middleware platforms gLite and UNICORE
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings - e-Science 2007, 3rd IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769530648 - 9780769530642 ; , s. 592-599
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a distributed Grid environment with ambitious service demands the job submission and management interfaces provide functionality of major importance. Emerging e-Science and Grid infrastructures such as EGEE and DEISA rely on highly available services that are capable of managing scientific jobs. It is the adoption of emerging open standard interfaces which allows the distribution of Grid resources in such a way that their actual service implementation or Grid technologies are not isolated from each other, especially when these resources are deployed in different e-Science infrastructures that consist of different types of computational resources. This paper motivates the interoperability of these infrastructures and discusses solutions. We describe the adoption of various open standards that recently emerged from the Open Grid Forum (OGF) in the field of job submission and management by well-known Grid technologies, respectively gLite and UNICORE. This has a fundamental impact on the interoperability between these technologies and thus within the next generation e-Science infrastructures that rely on these technologies.
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| 18. |
- Agostini, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Not-Too-Deep Channel Charting (N2D-CC)
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). - : IEEE. ; , s. 2160-2165
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Channel charting (CC) is an emerging machine learning method for learning a lower-dimensional representation of channel state information (CSI) in multi-antenna systems while simultaneously preserving spatial relations between CSI samples. The driving objective of CC is to learn these representations or channel charts in a fully unsupervised manner, i.e., without the need for having access to explicit geographical information. Based on recent findings in deep manifold learning, this paper addresses the problem of CC via the "not-too-deep" (N2D) approach for deep manifold learning. According to the proposed approach, an embedding of the global channel chart is first learned using a deep neural network (DNN)-based autoencoder (AE), and this embedding is subsequently searched for the underlying manifold using shallow clustering methods. In this way we are able to counter the problem of collapsing extremities - a well known deficiency of channel charting methods, which in previous research efforts could only be mitigated by introducing side-information in form of distance constraints. To further exploit the ever-increasing spatio-temporal CSI resolution in modern multi-antenna systems, we propose to augment the employed AE with convolutional neural network (CNN) input layers. The resulting convolutional autoencoder (CAE) architecture is able to automatically extract sparsely distributed spatio-temporal features from beamspace domain CSI, yielding a reduced computational complexity of the resulting model.
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| 19. |
- Ahmad, Abrar, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha 2-macroglobulin 5 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism increases the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism
- 2018
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Ingår i: Gene Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2452-0144. ; 13, s. 104-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alpha 2-macroglobulin (A2M) is a protease inhibitor that has been reported to neutralize thrombin, which may decrease the risk of thrombosis. A 5-base pairs (bp) insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs3832852) at the splice acceptor site of exon 18 has been shown to affect the binding of A2M with proteases. However, the role of this important variant in A2M in recurrent VTE is unknown. We investigated the role of 5 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in VTE recurrence in a follow up study. A2M 5 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism was genotyped in Malmö Thrombophilia Study (MATS, n = 1465, with follow up of ~10 years) by TaqMan Allelic Discrimination assay. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that A2M polymorphism was significantly associated with higher risk of VTE recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–6.45, P = 0.037). This association remained significant (HR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.06–6.47, P = 0.038) even after adjusting for sex, family history of VTE, thrombophilia and acquired risk factors for VTE. In conclusion, our results indicate that patients with A2M 5 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism are at significantly higher risk of VTE recurrence and this may predict VTE recurrence.
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| 20. |
- Ahmad, Abrar, et al.
(författare)
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Association between TLR9 rs5743836 polymorphism and risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-742X .- 0929-5305. ; 44:1, s. 130-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent gene knockout studies on mice have shown the role of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in resolution of venous thromboembolism (VTE) through sterile inflammation. However, the role of a putative functional TLR9 polymorphism (rs5743836) in risk assessment of VTE recurrence remains unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the TLR9 rs5743836 polymorphism in VTE patients and its association with the risk of VTE recurrence. We analyzed TLR9 rs5743836 polymorphism in Malmö thrombophilia study patients; a prospective follow-up study of 1465 VTE patients by Taqman PCR. From a total of 1465 VTE patients, those who had VTE before inclusion and those who died or had VTE recurrence during anticoagulant treatment were excluded (n = 415). Cox regression analyses were performed on the remaining 1050 VTE patients, including 126 (12.5%) patients that had recurrent VTE during follow-up period. TLR9 polymorphism was significantly associated with higher risk of VTE recurrence in female patients (HR 3.46, 95% CI 1.06-11.33) independent of acquired risk factors for VTE, family history, risk of thrombophilia and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) location. Similarly, in unprovoked VTE patients, TLR9 polymorphism was significantly associated with higher risk of VTE recurrence in female patients (HR 5.94, 95% CI 1.25-28.13) after adjusting for family history, risk of thrombophilia and DVT location. No association between TLR9 polymorphism and risk of VTE recurrence was found in male patients. Our results suggest that TLR9 rs5743836 polymorphism is an independent risk factor for VTE recurrence in female patients but not in males.
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| 21. |
- Ahmad, Abrar, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Expression Level of Apolipoprotein M as a Diagnostic Marker for Primary Venous Thromboembolism
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. - : SAGE Publications. - 1938-2723 .- 1076-0296. ; 24:3, s. 416-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, decreased levels of apolipoprotein M (ApoM) were shown to be associated with higher risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in male patients. However, the role of ApoM in primary VTE is unknown. We aimed in our study to analyze the plasma levels of ApoM in patients with VTE in order to evaluate the diagnostic importance of ApoM in primary VTE. A total of 357 patients with suspected first episode of VTE were recruited prospectively in the SCORE study. Plasma samples from 307 patients were available for quantifying the plasma levels of ApoM in patients with VTE using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Among the whole population, plasma levels (mean [standard deviation]) of ApoM were not significantly different between patients with VTE (0.72 [0.20]) and non-VTE patients (0.72 [0.16]), P = .99. Similarly, in regression analyses, no significant association of ApoM plasma levels with the risk of VTE was found on univariate (odds ratio [OR] =1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21-4.84, P = .99) and multivariate analysis (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.19-8.34, P = .819) after adjusting for age, body mass index, and smoking. Moreover, results did not differ significantly after stratification of data according to sex ( P > .05). In this study, our results do not suggest a diagnostic role for ApoM plasma levels in patients with primary VTE. Moreover, the current study suggests that role of ApoM as a risk factor may differ for primary VTE and recurrent VTE in male patients.
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| 22. |
- Ahmad, Abrar, et al.
(författare)
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Fat mass and obesity-associated gene rs9939609 polymorphism is a potential biomarker of recurrent venous thromboembolism in male but not in female patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Gene. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1119. ; 647, s. 136-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple genetic variations have been identified in FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) gene. Among them, FTO rs9939609 polymorphism is shown to be associated with the risk of primary venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, its role in recurrent VTE is not known. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between FTO rs9939609 polymorphism and the risk of VTE recurrence in a prospective follow-up study in both male and female patients. FTO rs9939609 polymorphism (T/A) was analyzed in the Malmö thrombophilia study (MATS, followed for ~10 years) by using TaqMan PCR. MATS patients (n = 1050) were followed from the discontinuation of anticoagulant treatment until diagnosis of VTE recurrence or the end of follow-up. A total of 126 patients (12%) had VTE recurrence during follow-up. Cox regression analyses showed that sex modified the potential effect of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on VTE recurrence. Male patients with the AA genotype for the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism had significantly higher risk of VTE recurrence as compared to the TT or AT genotypes (univariate hazard ratio [HR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2-3.5, P = 0.009 and adjusted HR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.2-3.6, P = 0.013). There was no association between FTO rs9939609 polymorphism and VTE recurrence in female patients. In conclusion, our results show that FTO rs9939609 polymorphism in recurrent VTE may differ according to gender and FTO polymorphism may predict VTE recurrence in male patients.
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| 23. |
- Ahmad, Abrar, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Genetic Aberrations in Thrombomodulin Gene in Patients with Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. - : SAGE Publications. - 1076-0296 .- 1938-2723. ; 23:4, s. 319-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thrombomodulin (THBD) serves as a cofactor for thrombin-mediated activation of anticoagulant protein C pathway. Genetic aberrations in THBD have been studied in arterial and venous thrombosis. However, genetic changes in THBD and their role in the risk assessment of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to identify the genetic aberrations in THBD and their association with the risk of VTE recurrence in a prospective population-based study. We sequenced the entire THBD gene, first in selected patients with VTE (n = 95) by Sanger sequencing and later validated those polymorphisms with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥5% in the whole study population (n = 1465 with the follow-up period of 1998-2008) by Taqman polymerase chain reaction. In total, we identified 8 polymorphisms in THBD, and 3 polymorphisms with MAF ≥5% were further validated. No significant association between THBD polymorphisms and risk of VTE recurrence on univariate or multivariate Cox regression analysis was found (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.62-1.28, HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 0.88-1.85, and HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.80-1.66 for THBD rs1962, rs1042580, and rs3176123 polymorphisms, respectively), adjusted for family history, acquired risk factors for VTE, location of deep vein thrombosis, and risk of thrombophilia. Subanalysis of patients with unprovoked first VTE also showed no significant association of identified THBD polymorphisms with the risk of VTE recurrence. Our results show that aberrations in the THBD gene may not be useful for the assessment of VTE recurrence; however, further studies with large sample size are needed to confirm these findings.
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| 24. |
- Ahmad, Abrar, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of polymorphisms in Apolipoprotein M gene and their relationship with risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism
- 2016
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - 0340-6245. ; 116:3, s. 41-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Apolipoprotein M (ApoM) plasma levels have been reported to be associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence. However, the role of genetic alterations in the ApoM gene in VTE recurrence remains unknown. The aim of this study was to identify genetic aberrations in ApoM gene in VTE recurrence and their role in prediction of VTE recurrence in a prospective follow-up study of 1465 VTE patients. During follow-up, 156 (10.6 %) patients had VTE recurrence. First screening of whole ApoM gene was performed by Sanger's sequencing in selected age and sex matched non-recurrent and recurrent patients (n=95). In total six polymorphisms were identified and two polymorphisms (rs805297 and rs9404941) with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥5 % were further genotyped in the whole cohort by Taqman PCR. ApoM rs805297 polymorphism was significantly associated with higher risk of VTE recurrence in males but not in females on both univariate (p= 0.038, hazard ratio = 1.72, confidence interval = 1.03-2.88) and on multivariate analysis adjusted with mild and severe thrombophilia, family history, location and acquired risk factors for VTE. However, ApoM rs9404941 polymorphism showed no significant association with risk of VTE recurrence in all patients as well as in different gender groups. Moreover, ApoM rs805297 and rs9404941 polymorphisms were not associated with the ApoM plasma levels. In conclusion, for the first time we have sequenced whole ApoM gene in VTE and identified six polymorphisms. ApoM rs805297 was significantly associated with higher risk of VTE recurrence in male but not in female patients.
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| 25. |
- Ahmad, Abrar, et al.
(författare)
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Risk prediction of recurrent venous thromboembolism : a multiple genetic risk model
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0929-5305 .- 1573-742X. ; 47:2, s. 216-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A single genetic biomarker is unable to accurately predict the risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence. We aimed to: (a) develop a multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) model to predict the risk of VTE recurrence and (b) validate a previously described genetic risk score (GRS) and compare its performance with the model developed in this study. Twenty-two SNPs, including established and putative SNPs associated with VTE risk, were genotyped in the Malmö thrombophilia study cohort (MATS; n = 1465, follow-up ~ 10 years) by using TaqMan PCR. Out of 22-SNPs, 12 had an association with the risk of VTE recurrence and were included for calculating GRSs. The risk of VTE recurrence was calculated by stratifying patients according to number of risk alleles. In 12-SNP GRS, patients with ≥ 7 risk alleles were associated with higher risk of VTE recurrence compared to patients having ≤ 6 risk alleles. In a simplified model (8-SNP GRS), the discriminative power of 8-SNP GRS was similar to that of 12-SNP GRS based on post-test probabilities (PP). Furthermore, 8-SNP GRS further improved the risk prediction of VTE recurrence in unprovoked VTE and male patients (PP% = 15.4 vs 8.3, 17.1 vs 7.2 and 19.0 vs 7.1 for high risk groups vs low risk groups in whole population, males and unprovoked VTE patients respectively). In addition, we also validated previously described 5-SNP GRS in our cohort and found that the 8-SNP GRS performed better than the 5-SNP GRS in terms of higher PP. Our results show that a multiple SNP GRS consisting of 8-SNPs may be an effective model for prediction of VTE recurrence, particularly in unprovoked VTE and male patients.
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| 26. |
- Ahmad, Shafqat, et al.
(författare)
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A novel interaction between the FLJ33534 locus and smoking in obesity: a genome-wide study of 14 131 Pakistani adults.
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5497 .- 0307-0565. ; 40:1, s. 186-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundObesity is a complex disease caused by the interplay of genetic and lifestyle factors, but identification of gene-lifestyle interactions in obesity has remained challenging. Few large-scale studies have reported use of genome-wide approaches to investigate gene-lifestyle interactions in obesity.MethodsIn the PROMIS study, a cross-sectional study based in Pakistan, we calculated BMI variance estimates (square of the residual of inverse-normal transformed BMI z-score) in 14 131 participants and conducted genome-wide heterogeneity of variance analyses (GWHVA) for this outcome. All analyses were adjusted for age, age(2), sex and genetic ancestry.ResultsThe GWHVA analyses yielded a genome-wide significance (P-value=3.1 × 10(-8)) association of the rs140133294 variant at FLJ33534 with BMI variance. In explicit tests of gene × lifestyle interaction, smoking was found to significantly modify the effect of rs140133294 on BMI (Pinteraction=0.0005), whereby the minor allele (T) was associated with lower BMI in current smokers, while positively associated with BMI in never-smokers. No interactions with physical activity were observed. Analyses of ENCODE data at the FLJ33534 locus revealed features indicative of open chromatin and high confidence DNA-binding motifs for several transcription factors, providing suggestive biological support for a mechanism of interaction.ConclusionIn summary, we have identified a novel interaction between smoking and variation at the FLJ33534 locus in relation to BMI in people from Pakistan.International Journal of Obesity accepted article preview online, 17 August 2015. doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.152.
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| 27. |
- Alégroth, Emil, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptualization and evaluation of component-based testing unified with visual GUI testing: An empirical study
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 IEEE 8th International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation, ICST 2015 - Proceedings. - 2159-4848. - 9781479971251
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present the results of a two-phase empirical study where we evaluate and compare the applicability of automated component-based Graphical User Interface (GUI) testing and Visual GUI Testing (VGT) in the tools GUITAR and a prototype tool we refer to as VGT GUITAR. First, GUI mutation operators are defined to create 18 faulty versions of an application on which both tools are then applied in an experiment. Results from 456 test case executions in each tool show, with statistical significance, that the component-based approach reports more false negatives than VGT for acceptance tests but that the VGT approach reports more false positives for system tests. Second, a case study is performed with larger open source applications, ranging from 8,803-55,006 lines of code. Results show that GUITAR is applicable in practice but has some challenges related to GUI component states. The results also show that VGT GUITAR is currently not applicable in practice and therefore requires further research and development. Based on the study's results we present areas of future work for both test approaches and conclude that the approaches have different benefits and drawbacks. The component-based approach is robust and executes tests faster than the VGT approach, with a factor of 3. However, the VGT approach can perform visual assertions and is perceived more flexible than the component- based approach. These conclusions let us hypothesize that a combination of the two approaches is the most suitable in practice and therefore warrants future research.
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| 28. |
- Burke, David F., et al.
(författare)
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Towards a structurally resolved human protein interaction network
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1545-9993 .- 1545-9985. ; 30:2, s. 216-225
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellular functions are governed by molecular machines that assemble through protein-protein interactions. Their atomic details are critical to studying their molecular mechanisms. However, fewer than 5% of hundreds of thousands of human protein interactions have been structurally characterized. Here we test the potential and limitations of recent progress in deep-learning methods using AlphaFold2 to predict structures for 65,484 human protein interactions. We show that experiments can orthogonally confirm higher-confidence models. We identify 3,137 high-confidence models, of which 1,371 have no homology to a known structure. We identify interface residues harboring disease mutations, suggesting potential mechanisms for pathogenic variants. Groups of interface phosphorylation sites show patterns of co-regulation across conditions, suggestive of coordinated tuning of multiple protein interactions as signaling responses. Finally, we provide examples of how the predicted binary complexes can be used to build larger assemblies helping to expand our understanding of human cell biology.
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| 29. |
- Calling, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) study. Health problems and acute myocardial infarction in women – A 17-year follow-up study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Maturitas. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-5122. ; 115, s. 45-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The literature has highlighted the importance of identifying symptoms predictive of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in women, in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The objective was to study subjective health problems, in relation to later AMI, in a large sample of women, adjusted for age, educational status, smoking, waist/hip ratio, blood pressure, total cholesterol/HDL ratio, diabetes and neighbourhood socioeconomic status. Study design: From December 1995 to February 2000 a cohort of 6711 women aged 50–59 years in southern Sweden underwent a physical examination and answered a questionnaire that had 18 items on health problems such as stress symptoms, tiredness and pain. Main outcome measures: Incidence of AMI during a mean follow-up of 17 years, drawn from national registers. Results: The number of health problems showed a J-shaped relationship with AMI, with the lowest hazard ratio (HR) in women with a median of 4 health problems. The HR for AMI in women with 0 health problems was 1.58 (95% CI: 0.95–2.63) and in those with 13 problems HR 1.65 (95% CI 1.16–2.36), after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Conclusions: The presence of several health problems, including pain and stress symptoms, is associated with an increased risk of later AMI in middle-aged women. Awareness among clinicians of predictive risk factors for AMI is important for the early identification of individuals at higher risk.
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| 30. |
- Dakhel, Ardwan, et al.
(författare)
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Novel cardiovascular biomarkers associated with peripheral arterial disease in men screened for abdominal aortic aneurysm
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Vasa - European Journal of Vascular Medicine. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 0301-1526. ; 51:3, s. 167-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common atherosclerotic disease with severity ranging from asymptomatic to chronic limb threatening ischemia. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to identify novel biomarkers associated with PAD. Patients and methods: Levels of 91 cardiovascular specific proteins in plasma samples were measured by the Proseek Multiplex CVD III96x96 panel from a cohort consisting of 267 65-year-old men recruited from a screening program for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) Levels of protein biomarkers were compared in men with and without PAD (defined as an ankle brachial index of <0.9) and their diagnostic potential was calculated by receiver-operating characteristic analysis. Results: The prevalence of PAD was 14.2% (38/267). After adjustment for multiple comparisons, levels of the following 11 biomarkers remained significantly higher (p<0.0001) in patients with PAD: secretoglobin family 3A member 2, osteoprotegerin, urokinase-type plasminogen activator surface receptor, serum macrophage chemokine ligand 16, matrix metalloproteinase 9, p-selectin, growth differentiation factor 15, elafin, cystatin B, trefoil factor 3, and fatty acid-binding protein 4. Multivariable logistic regression analysis (adjusted for smoking, use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medication, and metformin) showed that 11 biomarkers were significantly associated with higher risk of PAD with odds ratios ranging from 1.6 to 2.4. Area under curve calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (diagnostic value) for each protein biomarker ranged from 0.63 to 0.74. Conclusions: We have identified multiple proteins with a potential to be diagnostic biomarkers for PAD, and further research is warranted to clarify their potential predictive and prognostic value.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Farr, W. J., et al.
(författare)
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Current issues and challenges in research on virtual reality therapy for children with neurodisability
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference in Disability, Virtual Reality and Associated Technologies, Los Angeles, California, USA, 20-22 September, 2016. - 9780704915473
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) approach is adopted to discuss issues and challenges in virtual reality therapy research in community health settings. Widespread variation within and between populations, e.g. co-morbid conditions, complicates treatment fidelity and applicability. Interventions require flexible dose and frequency to fit into children’s family circumstances, with clearly employed specialist paediatric research staff. Comparisons require adaptation to digital technology, and keep pace with development. Outcomes may overstate the impact of virtual reality therapy and technological novelty, while not fully unpacking hidden digital effects. A wide set of agreed, flexible, and patient-centred outcome measures are required to establish positive clinical baseline.
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| 33. |
- Farr, W., et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic potential and ownership of commercially available consoles in children with cerebral palsy
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 80:2, s. 108-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction:We conducted a survey amongst families of children with cerebral palsy to ascertain the ownership and therapeutic use and potential of commercial games consoles to improve motor function.Method:Three hundred families in South East England were identified through clinical records, and were requested to complete an anonymised questionnaire.Results: A total of 61 families (20% response) returned a completed questionnaire with 41 (68%) identified males and 19 (32%) identified females with cerebral palsy, with a mean age of 11 years 5 months (SD 3Y 7M). The large majority of families, 59 (97%), owned a commercial console and the child used this for 50-300 minutes a week. Returns by severity of motor impairment were: Gross Motor Function Classification System I (22%), II (32%), III (13%), IV (15%), V (18%). Consoles were used regularly for play across all Gross Motor Function Classification System categories.Conclusion: The potential of games consoles, as home-based virtual reality therapy, in improving the motor function of children with cerebral palsy should be appropriately tested in a randomised controlled trial. Wide ownership, and the relative ease with which children engage in the use of commercially-based virtual reality therapy systems, suggests potential as a means of augmenting therapy protocols, taking advantage of interest and participation patterns of families.
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| 34. |
- Fontes-Villalba, Maelán, et al.
(författare)
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Palaeolithic diet decreases fasting plasma leptin concentrations more than a diabetes diet in patients with type 2 diabetes : A randomised cross-over trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular Diabetology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2840. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We have previously shown that a Palaeolithic diet consisting of the typical food groups that our ancestors ate during the Palaeolithic era, improves cardiovascular disease risk factors and glucose control compared to the currently recommended diabetes diet in patients with type 2 diabetes. To elucidate the mechanisms behind these effects, we evaluated fasting plasma concentrations of glucagon, insulin, incretins, ghrelin, C-peptide and adipokines from the same study. Methods: In a randomised, open-label, cross-over study, 13 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to eat a Palaeolithic diet based on lean meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, root vegetables, eggs and nuts, or a diabetes diet designed in accordance with current diabetes dietary guidelines during two consecutive 3-month periods. The patients were recruited from primary health-care units and included three women and 10 men [age (mean ± SD) 64 ± 6 years; BMI 30 ± 7 kg/m2; diabetes duration 8 ± 5 years; glycated haemoglobin 6.6 ± 0.6 % (57.3 ± 6 mmol/mol)] with unaltered diabetes treatment and stable body weight for 3 months prior to the start of the study. Outcome variables included fasting plasma concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, adipsin, visfatin, resistin, glucagon, insulin, C-peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin. Dietary intake was evaluated by use of 4-day weighed food records. Results: Seven participants started with the Palaeolithic diet and six with the diabetes diet. The Palaeolithic diet resulted in a large effect size (Cohen's d = -1.26) at lowering fasting plasma leptin levels compared to the diabetes diet [mean difference (95 % CI), -2.3 (-5.1 to 0.4) ng/ml, p = 0.023]. No statistically significant differences between the diets for the other variables, analysed in this study, were observed. Conclusions: Over a 3-month study period, a Palaeolithic diet resulted in reduced fasting plasma leptin levels, but did not change fasting levels of insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, incretins, ghrelin and adipokines compared to the currently recommended diabetes diet. Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov NCT00435240.
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| 35. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Contagious contacts: How police trainees influence each other's memories for a criminal event
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Oral paper presented at the 14th European Conference on Psychology and Law (Cracow, Poland).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated memory conformity effect among police trainees who first witnessed, and the discussed, a criminal event. Each member of a pair watched a different video of the same criminal event. The pairs discussed the event, and then each witness performed an individual recall test. A high proportion (67%) of the witnesses who had discussed the event mistakenly recalled items acquired during the discussion. Furthermore, a subsequent source monitoring test revealed that a majority of these witnesses (75%) were aware of the fact that they had acquired the mistakenly recalled items from their co-witnesses. These findings are discussed both from a theoretical and practical perspective
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Social influence on eyewitness memory
- 2010
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Ingår i: Forensic psychology in context: Nordic and international approaches. - Cullompton, Devon, U.K. : Willan Publishing. - 9781843928270 ; , s. 139-153
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Social influence on memory may come in many shapes and forms, and in the current chapter we will mainly focus on the influence exerted by other witnesses; so-called ‘co-witness influence’. Co-witness influence refers to a situation where a witness conforms to the statement presented by one or several other witnesses (i.e., the witness changes his or her memory in accordance with the external pressure). We will start by focusing on children’s memory and review a number of sources that moderate social influence, and we will also briefly discuss different memory errors that may follow. Then we turn to some of the factors that appear to regulate the social influence on adults’ memory reports. In a separate section we acknowledge the difficulty deciding whether a witness who incorrectly reports a specific detail really does have a false memory, or is simply reporting this detail without actually remembering it. Before summing up we invoke some basic concepts from cognitive and social psychology which illuminates why the effects following social influence are so powerful and pervasive.
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| 38. |
- Jansåker, Filip, et al.
(författare)
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Examining the causal effect of type 2 diabetes on ischemic heart disease : - a longitudinal study with four measurements (1980-2017)
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-8227 .- 0168-8227. ; 198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal study examines a possible causal effect between type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease (IHD) by using measurements on four occasions from the Swedish Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) together with nationwide healthcare registers.METHODS: This was a longitudinal study based on a random sample of men and women (n = 2014) from the Swedish population with four measurements in the SILC every eight years. Baseline was 1980/81 and the participants were followed for up to 37 years. The mean age and age range at baseline were 36.5 and 20-59 years, respectively. The study used Marginal Structural Modeling (MSM-Cox) to account for time-varying exposures by implementing inverse probability weighting (IPTW). MSM-Cox with IPTW was compared with Cox proportional hazard modelling.RESULTS: The hazard ratio (HR) for IHD (369 cases) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in participants with type 2 diabetes (11.1%) compared to participants without type 2 diabetes (88.9%) was significantly higher (1.99; CI = 1.15 - 3.44) when using MSM-Cox with IPTW after adjustments for clinical and sociodemographic risk factors. When applying Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for the same variables, the HR was lower and non-significant at 1.34 (CI = 0.94 - 1.98).CONCLUSIONS: This longitudinal study with four measurements assessed a possible causal association between type 2 diabetes and IHD by applying MSM-Cox with IPTW. Although causality cannot be determined due to the remaining risk of residual bias, the results may help to elucidate a potential causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and IHD. Further causal studies on possible underlying mechanisms are, however, needed.
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| 39. |
- Jones, C., et al.
(författare)
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Experiences and needs of parents of young children with active epilepsy: A population-based study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Epilepsy and Behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-5050. ; 90, s. 37-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the experiences and needs of parents of young children with epilepsy from a total population sample. The parents (mothers (n = 38), fathers (n = 9)) of 40/53 (75% of total population) young children (1–7 years; 23 males, 17 females) with ‘active’ epilepsy (had a seizure in the last year or taking Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs)) were interviewed either in person or over the telephone using a semistructured interview schedule. The families were resident in the south of the UK. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis revealed six main themes: diagnostic journey, parental perception of epilepsy management, awareness and impact of associated neurobehavioral difficulties, inconsistent availability of therapeutic and educational supports, impact on family functioning, and need for parental support. Parents reported often having difficulty accessing a professional knowledgeable about epilepsy. While parents were generally satisfied with the initial information they received about seizures and their management, they reported that the association between epilepsy and neurobehavioral issues was often not broached. These developmental/behavioral difficulties often had a bigger impact on child wellbeing and family functioning, but provision of therapeutic and educational supports for the difficulties was often very patchy. Parents noted that early onset epilepsy and associated neurobehavioral difficulties often have a very significant impact on family functioning including increased restrictions on family activities and increased financial burden. Parents would like informational and emotional support to extend beyond the time of epilepsy diagnosis. There is a clear need for comprehensive childhood epilepsy services to include provision for identification and management of child neurobehavioral needs and a focus on family-centered care. © 2018 Elsevier Inc.
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| 40. |
- Kay, J., et al.
(författare)
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Earlier anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is associated with a decreased risk of medial meniscal and articular cartilage damage in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 26:12, s. 3738-3753
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To evaluate the association between surgical timing and the incidence of secondary meniscal or chondral damage in children and adolescents with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. Methods Three electronic databases, PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE, were systematically searched from database inception until October 16, 2017 by two reviewers independently and in duplicate. The inclusion criteria were English language studies that reported the incidence of meniscal and articular cartilage damage in children or adolescent athletes with ACL injuries as well as the timing of their ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Risk ratios were combined in a meta-analysis using a random effects model. Results A total of nine studies including 1353 children and adolescents met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of patients included was 14.2 years (range 6-19), and 45% were female. There was a significantly decreased risk of concomitant medial meniscal injury in those reconstructed early (26%) compared to those with delayed reconstruction (47%) [pooled risk ratio (RR) = 0.49, 95% CI 0.36-0.65, p < 0.00001]. There was also a significantly reduced risk of medial femoral chondral (RR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.31-0.75, p = 0.001), lateral femoral chondral (RR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.20-0.75, p = 0.005), tibial chondral (RR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.27-0.75, p = 0.002), and patellofemoral chondral (RR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.20-0.82, p = 0.01) damage in the early reconstruction group in comparison to the delayed group. Conclusion Pooled results from observational studies suggest that early ACLR results in a significantly decreased risk of secondary medial meniscal injury, as well as secondary medial, lateral, and patellofemoral compartment chondral damage in children and adolescents. This study provides clinicians with valuable information regarding the benefits of early ACL reconstruction in children and adolescents, and can be used in the decision making for athletes in this population.
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| 41. |
- Khan, H. R., et al.
(författare)
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Cross-cultural prevalence of sleep quality and psychological distress in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Brain and Behavior. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2162-3279 .- 2162-3279. ; 11:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Poor quality sleep and emotional disturbances are expected in times of crisis. COVID-19 has severely impacted healthcare worldwide and with that comes the concern about its effects on healthcare workers. The purpose of the present study was to assess sleep quality and psychological distress in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: The present work is a multi-centric cross-sectional study targeting healthcare workers from India, Pakistan, and Nepal. It used an online version of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and the General Health Questionnaire, and data were analyzed using SPSS V.24.Results: A total of 1790 participants completed the questionnaire. Of the 1790 participants, 57% reported poor sleep quality, and 10% reported a high level of psychological distress. A cross-cultural comparison found some differences between the different groups of participants. The details of the differences were further explored in the article.Conclusion: The present study highlights that a significant proportion of healthcare workers are affected by poor sleep quality and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also emphasizes the imperative to provide them with psychosocial support to avoid potential short- and long-term psychological consequences of these troubling times.
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| 42. |
- Li, Yanni, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Telomere Length with Prevalent and Incident Cancer and Cancer Mortality in Women : A Prospective Swedish Population-Based Study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 13:15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and telomere length have, separately, been proposed as risk factors for various cancer types. However, those results are conflicting. Here, mtDNA-CN and relative telomere length were measured in 3225 middle-aged women included in a large population-based prospective cohort. The baseline mtDNA-CN in patients with prevalent breast cancer was significantly higher (12.39 copies/µL) than cancer-free individuals. During an average of 15.2 years of follow-up, 520 patients were diagnosed with cancer. Lower mtDNA-CN was associated with decreased risk of genital organ cancer (hazard ratio (HR), 0.84), and shorter telomere length was associated with increased risk of urinary system cancer (HR, 1.79). Furthermore, mtDNA-CN was inversely associated with all-cause (HR, 1.20) and cancer-specific mortality (HR, 1.21) when considering all cancer types. Surprisingly, shorter telomere length was associated with decreased risk of cancer-specific mortality when considering all cancer types (HR, 0.85). Finally, lower mtDNA-CN and shorter telomere length were associated with increased risk of both all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in genital organ cancer patients. In this study population, we found that mtDNA-CN and telomere length were significantly associated with prevalent and incident cancer and cancer mortality. However, these associations were cancer type specific and need further investigation.
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| 43. |
- Li, Yanni, et al.
(författare)
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Mitochondrial heteroplasmic shifts reveal a positive selection of breast cancer
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Translational Medicine. - 1479-5876. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is, despite screening, not always detected early enough and is together with other tumor types known to shed genetic information in circulation. Unlike single-copy nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies range from 100s to 10,000s per cell, thus providing a potentially alternative to identify potential missing cancer information in circulation at an early stage.METHODS: To characterize mitochondrial mutation landscapes in breast cancer, whole mtDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were performed on 86 breast cancer biopsies and 50 available matched baseline cancer-free whole blood samples from the same individuals, selected from a cohort of middle-aged women in Sweden. To determine whether the mutations can be detected in blood plasma prior to cancer diagnosis, we further designed a nested case-control study (n = 663) and validated the shortlisted mutations using droplet digital PCR.RESULTS: We detected different mutation landscapes between biopsies and matched whole blood samples. Compared to whole blood samples, mtDNA from biopsies had higher heteroplasmic mutations in the D-loop region (P = 0.02), RNR2 (P = 0.005), COX1 (P = 0.037) and CYTB (P = 0.006). Furthermore, the germline mtDNA mutations had higher heteroplasmy level than the lost (P = 0.002) and de novo mutations (P = 0.04). The nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution ratio (dN/dS) was higher for the heteroplasmic mutations (P = 7.25 × 10 -12) than that for the homoplasmic mutations, but the de novo (P = 0.06) and lost mutations (P = 0.03) had lower dN/dS than the germline mutations. Interestingly, we found that the critical regions for mitochondrial transcription: MT-HSP1 (odds ratio [OR]: 21.41), MT-TFH (OR: 7.70) and MT-TAS2 (OR: 3.62), had significantly higher heteroplasmic mutations than the rest of the D-loop sub-regions. Finally, we found that the presence of mt.16093T > C mutation increases 67% risk of developing breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that mitochondrial genetic landscape changes during cancer pathogenesis and positive selection of mtDNA heteroplasmic mutations in breast cancer. Most importantly, the mitochondrial mutations identified in biopsies can be traced back in matched plasma samples and could potentially be used as early breast cancer diagnostic biomarkers.
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| 44. |
- Li, Yanni, et al.
(författare)
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Mitochondrial related genome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies putatively causal genes for multiple cancer types
- 2023
-
Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3964. ; 88
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of cancer. However, it is unclear whether it is a cause of cancer. This two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, uses genetic instruments to proxy the exposure of mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer summary statistics as outcomes, allowing for causal inferences.METHODS: Summary statistics from 18 common cancers (2107-491,974 participants), gene expression, DNA methylation and protein expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL, mQTL and pQTL, respectively, 1000-31,684 participants) on individuals of European ancestry, were included. Genetic variants located within or close to the 1136 mitochondrial-related genes (in cis) and robustly associated with the mitochondrial molecular alterations were used as instrumental variables, and their causal associations with cancers were examined using summary-data-based MR (SMR) analyses. An additional five MR methods were used as sensitivity analyses to confirm the casual associations. A Bayesian test for colocalization between mitochondrial molecular QTLs and cancer risk loci was performed to provide insights into the potential regulatory mechanisms of risk variants on cancers.FINDINGS: We identified potential causal relationships between mitochondrial-related genes and breast, prostate, gastric, lung cancer and melanoma by primary SMR analyses. The sensitivity and the colocalization analyses further refined four genes that have causal effects on three types of cancer. We found strong evidence of positive association of FDPS expression level with breast cancer risk (OR per SD, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49-0.83; P = 9.77 × 10-7), NSUN4 expression level with both breast cancer risk (OR per SD, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03-1.07; P = 5.24 × 10-6) and prostate cancer risk (OR per SD, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03-1.09; P = 1.01 × 10-5), NSUN4 methylation level with both breast and prostate cancer risk, and VARS2 methylation level with lung cancer risk.INTERPRETATIONS: This data-driven MR study demonstrated the causal role of mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple cancers. Furthermore, this study identified candidate genes that can be the targets of potential pharmacological agents for cancer prevention.FUNDING: This work was supported by Styrelsen för Allmänna Sjukhusets i Malmö Stiftelse för bekämpande av cancer (20211025).
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| 45. |
- Lindholm, Torun, et al.
(författare)
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Memory conformity in eyewitness situations: : Casual inferences and schematic gap-filling errors. Shared memories, shared beliefs: The formation and use of joint representations in social interactions
- 2007
-
Ingår i: EAESP, Small Group Meeting, Rapallo, Italien, 2007.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Previous research has shown that individuals who witness and then discuss a crime sequence, can influence each other’s memories of the event (Gabbert, Memon, & Allan, 2003; Gabbert, Memon, & Wright, 2006). It is also known that people may mistakenly infer having seen a cause if they have been presented with the effect of this cause, and that they often make memory errors based on schematic knowledge (Hannigan & Reinitz, 2001). The current study investigates whether conformity effects in eyewitness memory may be moderated by effect presentation and schematic relevance of the witnessed information. In the study, members of a dyad each watch a different video of the same event, a potential theft, where the prime suspect is a man present at the crime scene. Each video version contains unique details seen only by one of the witnesses in the dyad. One member of the dyad actually sees the man steal (the cause), whereas the other witness does not see the theft. Half of the witnesses who don’t see the man steal, see him with the stolen item (effect) and the other half does not. Participants either witness a suspect with a Scandinavian (low schema relevance), or with a southern, Middle eastern appearance (high schema relevance). In one condition, the dyads are encouraged to discuss the event before performing an individual recall test, while in a control condition dyads are not allowed to discuss the event prior to recall. The extent to which witnesses mistakenly remember having seen the theft as a function of activity before recall (discussion vs. no discussion), effect scene presentation, and of the schema relevance of information is examined. Potential mediators of conformity, such as trust in the other witness, and Need to belong will also be investigated.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Memon, Ashfaque A, et al.
(författare)
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Association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes in women : A population-based follow-up study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important factor of the aging process and may play a key role in various diseases. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is an indirect measure of mitochondrial dysfunction and is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, whether mtDNA-CN can predict the risk of developing T2DM is not well-known. We quantified absolute mtDNA-CN in both prevalent and incident T2DM by well-optimized droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) method in a population-based follow-up study of middle aged (50-59 years) Swedish women (n = 2387). The median follow-up period was 17 years. Compared to those who were free of T2DM, mtDNA-CN was significantly lower in both prevalent T2DM and in women who developed T2DM during the follow-up period. Mitochondrial DNA-copy number was also associated with glucose intolerance, systolic blood pressure, smoking status and education. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, lower baseline mtDNA-CN was prospectively associated with a higher risk of T2DM, independent of age, BMI, education, smoking status and physical activity. Moreover, interaction term analysis showed that smoking increased the effect of low mtDNA-CN at baseline on the risk of incident T2DM. Mitochondrial DNA-copy number may be a risk factor of T2DM in women. The clinical usefulness of mtDNA-CN to predict the future risk of T2DM warrants further investigation.
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| 48. |
- Memon, Ashfaque A., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 27:2, s. 132-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a life-threatening condition due to the risk of aneurysm growth and rupture. There are no approved diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm. We aimed to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm and to investigate their relationship with abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter and growth. Methods: In this case-control study, patients were included from an abdominal aortic aneurysm screening study on men aged ≥65 years. Of 24,589 examined men, 415 had abdominal aortic aneurysm, out of whom 134 consented to participate in the present study. One hundred and thirty-six screened men with aortic diameter <30 mm, matched for comorbidities and time of sampling were included as non-abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. Ninety-one cardiovascular specific proteins in plasma samples were measured by the Proseek Multiplex CVD III96x96 panel. Results: After Bonferroni correction, plasma levels of 21 proteins associated with proteolysis, oxidative-stress, lipid metabolism, and inflammation were significantly increased, whereas levels of paraoxonase 3, associated with high-density lipoprotein metabolism, were decreased in abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. Combination of growth/differentiation factor 15 and cystatin B had the best ability to discriminate abdominal aortic aneurysm from non-abdominal aortic aneurysm (area under the curve, 0.76; sensitivity, 80% and specificity, 52%). Myeloperoxidase showed the best prognostic value (area under the curve, 0.71; sensitivity, 80% and specificity, 59%) and higher baseline levels of myeloperoxidase were significantly associated with faster abdominal aortic aneurysm growth compared with lower levels, independent of baseline diameter. Conclusions: We have identified multiple proteins associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter and growth with a potential to become novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
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| 49. |
- Memon, Ashfaque A., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers for deep venous thrombosis
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048. ; 181:3, s. 378-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combination of a negative D-dimer and a Wells score can rule out, but not confirm, a diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). We aimed to identify new diagnostic biomarkers for DVT and to investigate their relationship with hypercoagulability markers [D-dimer and activated protein C-protein C inhibitor (APC-PCI) complex]. We screened 92 cardiovascular-specific proteins in plasma samples from 45 confirmed DVT patients and 45 age- and sex-matched non-DVT patients selected from a prospective multicentre diagnostic management study (SCORE) by Proseek Multiplex CVDIII96×96. Plasma levels of 30 proteins were significantly different between DVT and non-DVT patients. After Bonferroni correction, plasma levels of seven proteins: P-selectin, transferrin receptor protein 1, von Willebrand factor, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, osteopontin (OPN), bleomycin hydrolase and ST2 protein remained significantly different. The area under curve (AUC) for these proteins ranged from 0·70 to 0·84. Furthermore, all seven identified proteins were significantly associated with markers of hypercoagulability. A combination of OPN and APC-PCI had the best ability to discriminate DVT from non-DVT patients (AUC = 0·94; sensitivity = 89% and specificity = s84%). In conclusion, we identified multiple proteins associated with markers of hypercoagulability and with a potential to become novel diagnostic biomarkers for DVT.
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| 50. |
- Memon, Ashfaque A, et al.
(författare)
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Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number: Linking Diabetes and Cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1557-7716 .- 1523-0864. ; 37:16-18, s. 1168-1190
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent Advances: Various studies have suggested that mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN), a surrogate biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction, is an easily quantifiable biomarker for chronic diseases, including diabetes and cancer. However, current knowledge is limited, and the results are controversial. This has been attributed mainly to methodology and study design.Critical Issues: The incidence of diabetes and cancer has increased significantly in recent years. Moreover, type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been shown to be a risk factor for cancer. mtDNA-CN has been associated with both T2D and cancer. However, it is not known whether mtDNA-CN plays any role in the association between T2D and cancer.Significance: In this review, we have discussed mtDNA-CN in diabetes and cancer, and reviewed the literature and methodology used in published studies so far. Based on the literature review, we have speculated how mtDNA-CN may act as a link between diabetes and cancer. Furthermore, we have provided some recommendations for reliable translation of mtDNA-CN as a biomarker.Future Directions: Further research is required to elucidate the role of mtDNA-CN in the association between T2D and cancer. If established, early lifestyle interventions, such as physical activity and diet control that improve mitochondrial function, may help preventing cancer in patients with T2D.
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