| 1. |
- Norlin, Börje, associate professor, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Sulfur homogeneity mapping in 2D and 3D can improve packaging paper strength
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sodium sulfite is commonly used for impregnating wood chips prior to refining when producing high-yield pulps such as CTMP. The impregnation process should ideally result in evenly sulfonated lignin, i.e. similar concentrations of sulfite (SO3 ^2-) ions in all parts of each wood chip. Sulfonated lignin is known to swell the fiber wall, which is beneficial for developing higher joint strength between fibers. In reality, even sulfonation is not easy to achieve considering variations in wood chip size, density, quality, etc. Being able to trace where the sulfite ions end up in the wood or fiber structure can therefore be key to both process and product development in the future. Synchrotron measurements can provide an understanding of the sulfur distribution both inside single wood fibers and on a larger scale between wood fibers. There is little knowledge of wood fiber nanostructures in 3 dimensions, although some interesting research has been conducted recently [1]. We have compared these measurements with 2D synchrotron XRF mappings [2]. The 3D material mapping provides insight into a sub-fiber level, but the 2D mapping technique might be preferable when studying sulfur distributions due to the highly uneven sulfur content observed. We can probably learn more about the development of fiber-joint-strength and strength uniformity in products by characterizing the distribution of sulfur on the sub-fiber level. This paper discusses feasible future measurement strategies.[1] Fernando, D., et.al, Sci Rep 13, 2350 (2023). DOI: 101038/s41598-023-29113-x[2] Norlin, B., et.al, JINST 18 C01012. DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/01/C01012
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| 2. |
- De Angelis, D., et al.
(författare)
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A sub-100 nm thickness flat jet for extreme ultraviolet to soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. - : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). - 0909-0495 .- 1600-5775. ; 31:3 Pt, s. 605-612
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental characterization of the structural, electronic and dynamic properties of dilute systems in aqueous solvents, such as nanoparticles, molecules and proteins, are nowadays an open challenge. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is probably one of the most established approaches to this aim as it is element-specific. However, typical dilute systems of interest are often composed of light elements that require extreme-ultraviolet to soft X-ray photons. In this spectral regime, water and other solvents are rather opaque, thus demanding radical reduction of the solvent volume and removal of the liquid to minimize background absorption. Here, we present an experimental endstation designed to operate a liquid flat jet of sub-micrometre thickness in a vacuum environment compatible with extreme ultraviolet/soft XAS measurements in transmission geometry. The apparatus developed can be easily connected to synchrotron and free-electron-laser user-facility beamlines dedicated to XAS experiments. The conditions for stable generation and control of the liquid flat jet are analyzed and discussed. Preliminary soft XAS measurements on some test solutions are shown.
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| 3. |
- Peiffer, C., et al.
(författare)
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On the equivalence of the X-ray scattering retrieval with beam tracking and analyser-based imaging using a synchrotron source
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics D. - : IOP Publishing. - 0022-3727 .- 1361-6463. ; 56:45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) methods give access to contrast mechanisms that are based on the refractive properties of matter on top of the absorption coefficient in conventional x-ray imaging. Ultra small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) is a phase contrast mechanism that arises due to multiple refraction events caused by physical features of a scale below the physical resolution of the used imaging system. USAXS contrast can therefore give insight into subresolution structural information, which is an ongoing research topic in the vast field of different XPCI techniques. In this study, we quantitatively compare the USAXS signal retrieved by the beam tracking XPCI technique with the gold standard of the analyzer based imaging XPCI technique using a synchrotron x-ray source. We find that, provided certain conditions are met, the two methods measure the same quantity.
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| 4. |
- Perion, P., et al.
(författare)
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A high sensitivity wide bandwidth spectral system for multiple K-edge imaging
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics D. - : IOP Publishing. - 0022-3727 .- 1361-6463. ; 57:35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spectral K-edge subtraction (SKES) is an imaging technique that takes advantage of the sharp rise in the mass attenuation coefficient of specific elements within an object at their K-edge to produce separate and quantifiable distributions of each element. In this paper, a high-sensitivity and wide bandwidth SKES imaging system for computed tomography applications on biological samples is presented. X-ray images are acquired using a wide and continuous energy spectrum that encompasses the absorption edges of the target materials. System characterization shows that high energy resolution (approximately 3 × 10 − 3 ) and unprecedented large energy bandwidth (around 15%) are achieved over a field-of-view of several centimeters. Imaging results obtained on contrast elements relevant for biomedical applications, namely silver, iodine, xenon, and barium, demonstrate the system sensitivity to concentrations down to 0.5 mg ml−1. The achievement of a large energy bandwidth allowed the simultaneous imaging of the K-edges of iodine, xenon, and barium and provided an accurate concentration estimation and distinction of co-localized contrast elements, leading the way for future simultaneous cardiovascular (iodine), pulmonary (xenon), and gastrointestinal/inflammatory (barium) imaging applications.
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| 5. |
- Perion, P., et al.
(författare)
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Spectral micro-CT for simultaneous gold and iodine detection, and multi-material identification
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-0221. ; 19:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple energy bin spectral micro-CT (SμCT) is an advanced imaging technique that allows multi-material decomposition according to their specific absorption patterns at a sub-100 μm scale. Typically, iodine is the preferred CT contrast agent for cardiovascular imaging, while gold nanoparticles have gained attention in recent years owing to their high absorption properties, biocompatibility and ability to target tumors. In this work, we demonstrate the potential for multi-material decomposition through SμCT imaging of a test sample at the PEPI lab of INFN Trieste. The sample, consisting of gold, iodine, calcium, and water, was imaged using a Pixirad1/PixieIII chromatic detector with multiple energy thresholds and a wide spectrum (100 kV) produced by a micro-focus X-ray tube. The results demonstrate the simultaneous detection and separation of the four materials at a spatial scale of 35 μm, suggesting the potential of this technique in improving material detectability and quantification in a range of pre-clinical applications, including cardiovascular and oncologic imaging.
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| 6. |
- Rodrigo Perez Vargas, J., et al.
(författare)
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Autofinding egg parasitoids in moth eggs by using machine learning methods in synchrotron-coherent X-ray imaging
- 2024
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Ingår i: Measurement. - : Elsevier BV. - 0263-2241 .- 1873-412X. ; 236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of a non-destructive technique, such as the propagation-based X-ray phase contrast radiography (PBR) can be an innovative method for automatic parasitism analysis, especially if it presents standard structures. Herein, an artificial intelligence (AI) model is applied in order to establish a computer vision of egg parasitoids in PBRs of parasitized moth eggs acquired at the Synchrotron Radiation for Medical Physics (SYRMEP) beamline at ELETTRA. PBRs of eggs parasitized in four different stages of parasitism (0 days, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days) have been tested. The AI model performance was evaluated by using different metrics. Average Precision (AP), which measures the accuracy of object detection, was found to be 0.866 and 0.741 for the moth eggs and for the parasites, respectively. Additionally, we found that as stage of parasitism becomes longer, the accuracy of parasitism detection also increases (76 % at 7 days).
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