| 1. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Henniges, M. C., et al.
(författare)
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A taxonomic, genetic and ecological data resource for the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2052-4463. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The vascular flora of Britain and Ireland is among the most extensively studied in the world, but the current knowledge base is fragmentary, with taxonomic, ecological and genetic information scattered across different resources. Here we present the first comprehensive data repository of native and alien species optimized for fast and easy online access for ecological, evolutionary and conservation analyses. The inventory is based on the most recent reference flora of Britain and Ireland, with taxon names linked to unique Kew taxon identifiers and DNA barcode data. Our data resource for 3,227 species and 26 traits includes existing and unpublished genome sizes, chromosome numbers and life strategy and life-form assessments, along with existing data on functional traits, species distribution metrics, hybrid propensity, associated biomes, realized niche description, native status and geographic origin of alien species. This resource will facilitate both fundamental and applied research and enhance our understanding of the flora's composition and temporal changes to inform conservation efforts in the face of ongoing climate change and biodiversity loss.
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| 4. |
- Gallo, V., et al.
(författare)
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Concussion and long-term cognitive function among rugby players-The BRAIN Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Alzheimers & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 18:6, s. 1164-1176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The BRAIN Study was established to assess the associations between self-reported concussions and cognitive function among retired rugby players. Methods Former elite-level male rugby union players (50+ years) in England were recruited. Exposure to rugby-related concussion was collected using the BRAIN-Q tool. The primary outcome measure was the Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (PACC). Linear regressions were conducted for the association between concussion and PACC score, adjusting for confounders. Results A total of 146 participants were recruited. The mean (standard deviation) length of playing career was 15.8 (5.4) years. A total of 79.5% reported rugby-related concussion(s). No association was found between concussion and PACC (beta -0.03 [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.31, 0.26]). However, participants aged 80+ years reporting 3+ concussions had worse cognitive function than those without concussion (beta -1.04 [95% CI: -1.62, -0.47]). Conclusions Overall there was no association between concussion and cognitive function; however, a significant interaction with age revealed an association in older participants.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Rabih, A. A. S., et al.
(författare)
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MetalMUMPs resonator for acetone vapor sensing
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE regional symposium on micro and nanoelectronics (RSM). - : IEEE. - 9781509040292 ; , s. 5-9
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acetone vapor monitoring is essential in workplace for human health and safety, where exposure to acetone concentration more than 176 parts per million (ppm) can cause damage to eyes, liver, kidneys and central nervous system. In addition, acetone in exhaled breath is known to be good biomarker for non-invasive screening of diabetes. The most common used acetone vapor sensors are based on metal oxide semiconductor sensors, which work at higher temperatures, and hence consume more power. This paper reports MetalMUMPs device for acetone vapor sensing for environmental monitoring. The device is based on electrothermal actuation and capacitive sensing using differential capacitance measurement technique. MS3110 universal capacitive readout circuit was used to readout the small change of the static capacitance when the device is actuated using 0.71 Vrms with a driving frequency range of 0.5 kHz-8 kHz. The output signal of the circuit is given as a voltage and it can be directly related to the capacitance change. The output voltage change was found to increase linearly with increasing the acetone vapor concentration from 100 ppm to 500 ppm with a concentration sensitivity of 0.65 mV/ppm.
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| 10. |
- Heap, Graham A., et al.
(författare)
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HLA-DQA1-HLA-DRB1 variants confer susceptibility to pancreatitis induced by thiopurine immunosuppressants
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:10, s. 1131-1134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pancreatitis occurs in approximately 4% of patients treated with the thiopurines azathioprine or mercaptopurine. Its development is unpredictable and almost always leads to drug withdrawal. We identified patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who had developed pancreatitis within 3 months of starting these drugs from 168 sites around the world. After detailed case adjudication, we performed a genome-wide association study on 172 cases and 2,035 controls with IBD. We identified strong evidence of association within the class II HLA region, with the most significant association identified at rs2647087 (odds ratio 2.59, 95% confidence interval 2.07-3.26, P = 2 x 10(-16)). We replicated these findings in an independent set of 78 cases and 472 controls with IBD matched for drug exposure. Fine mapping of the H LA region identified association with the HLA-DQA1*02:01-HLA-DRB1*07:01 haplotype. Patients heterozygous at rs2647087 have a 9% risk of developing pancreatitis after administration of a thiopurine, whereas homozygotes have a 17% risk.
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| 11. |
- Rabih, A. A. S., et al.
(författare)
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MEMS-Based Acetone Vapor Sensor for Non-Invasive Screening of Diabetes
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 18:23, s. 9486-9500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acetone vapor sensing is important for environmental monitoring and non-invasive screening of diabetes mellitus (DM). Inhaling higher than 176 parts per million (ppm) acetone concentrations affects the respiratory system, while acetone in exhaled breath correlates with blood glucose and exhaling more than 1.8 ppm indicates the person is in danger of DM. DM is currently diagnosed invasively by measuring glucose level in blood, which is painful, and therefore inconvenient. This paper reports MEMS sensor device functionalized with blend of Chitosan/Polyethylene glycol polymers for acetone vapor sensing for possible non-invasive screening of diabetes. The sensor was experimentally tested using synthetic acetone vapor, and found to give linear response for 0.05-5 ppm acetone in air, with a sensitivity of 21 mV/ppm, good repeatability, response, and reversibility. Cross-sensitivity for 2-propanol and methanol was examined, where the responses of the sensor to 1 ppm concentration in air of these two analytes were found to be 24% and 33%, respectively, less compared to its response to the same concentration of acetone.
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| 12. |
- Crivillers, N, et al.
(författare)
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Photoinduced work function changes by isomerization of a densely packed azobenzene-based SAM on Au: a joint experimental and theoretical study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 13:32, s. 14302-14310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Responsive monolayers are key building blocks for future applications in organic and molecular electronics in particular because they hold potential for tuning the physico-chemical properties of interfaces, including their energetics. Here we study a photochromic SAM based on a conjugated azobenzene derivative and its influence on the gold work function (Phi(Au)) when chemisorbed on its surface. In particular we show that the Phi(Au) can be modulated with external stimuli by controlling the azobenzene trans/cis isomerization process. This phenomenon is characterized experimentally by four different techniques, kelvin probe, kelvin probe force microscopy, electroabsorption spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. The use of different techniques implies exposing the SAM to different measurement conditions and different preparation methods, which, remarkably, do not alter the observed work function change (Phi(trans)-Phi(cis)). Theoretical calculations provided a complementary insight crucial to attain a deeper knowledge on the origin of the work function photo-modulation.
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| 13. |
- Olson, Nathan D., et al.
(författare)
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precisionFDA Truth Challenge V2: Calling variants from short- and long-reads in difficult-to-map regions
- 2020
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The precisionFDA Truth Challenge V2 aimed to assess the state-of-the-art of variant calling in difficult-to-map regions and the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Starting with FASTQ files, 20 challenge participants applied their variant calling pipelines and submitted 64 variant callsets for one or more sequencing technologies (~35X Illumina, ~35X PacBio HiFi, and ~50X Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Submissions were evaluated following best practices for benchmarking small variants with the new GIAB benchmark sets and genome stratifications. Challenge submissions included a number of innovative methods for all three technologies, with graph-based and machine-learning methods scoring best for short-read and long-read datasets, respectively. New methods out-performed the 2016 Truth Challenge winners, and new machine-learning approaches combining multiple sequencing technologies performed particularly well. Recent developments in sequencing and variant calling have enabled benchmarking variants in challenging genomic regions, paving the way for the identification of previously unknown clinically relevant variants.
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| 14. |
- Olson, Nathan D., et al.
(författare)
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PrecisionFDA Truth Challenge V2: Calling variants from short and long reads in difficult-to-map regions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cell Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-979X. ; 2:5, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The precisionFDA Truth Challenge V2 aimed to assess the state of the art of variant calling in challenging genomic regions. Starting with FASTQs, 20 challenge participants applied their variant-calling pipelines and submitted 64 variant call sets for one or more sequencing technologies (Illumina, PacBio HiFi, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Submissions were evaluated following best practices for benchmarking small variants with updated Genome in a Bottle benchmark sets and genome stratifications. Challenge submissions included numerous innovative methods, with graph-based and machine learning methods scoring best for short-read and long-read datasets, respectively. With machine learning approaches, combining multiple sequencing technologies performed particularly well. Recent developments in sequencing and variant calling have enabled benchmarking variants in challenging genomic regions, paving the way for the identification of previously unknown clinically relevant variants.
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| 15. |
- Wang, Gang, et al.
(författare)
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Spirometric phenotypes from early childhood to young adulthood : a Chronic Airway Disease Early Stratification study
- 2021
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Ingår i: ERJ Open Research. - : ERS Publications. - 2312-0541. ; 7:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The prevalences of obstructive and restrictive spirometric phenotypes, and their relation to early-life risk factors from childhood to young adulthood remain poorly understood. The aim was to explore these phenotypes and associations with well-known respiratory risk factors across ages and populations in European cohorts.Methods: We studied 49334 participants from 14 population-based cohorts in different age groups (⩽10, >10–15, >15–20, >20–25 years, and overall, 5–25 years). The obstructive phenotype was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) z-score less than the lower limit of normal (LLN), whereas the restrictive phenotype was defined as FEV1/FVC z-score ⩾LLN, and FVC z-score Results: The prevalence of obstructive and restrictive phenotypes varied from 3.2–10.9% and 1.8–7.7%, respectively, without clear age trends. A diagnosis of asthma (adjusted odds ratio (aOR=2.55, 95% CI 2.14–3.04), preterm birth (aOR=1.84, 1.27–2.66), maternal smoking during pregnancy (aOR=1.16, 95% CI 1.01–1.35) and family history of asthma (aOR=1.44, 95% CI 1.25–1.66) were associated with a higher prevalence of obstructive, but not restrictive, phenotype across ages (5–25 years). A higher current body mass index (BMI was more often observed in those with the obstructive phenotype but less in those with the restrictive phenotype (aOR=1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.06 and aOR=0.81, 95% CI 0.78–0.85, per kg·m−2 increase in BMI, respectively). Current smoking was associated with the obstructive phenotype in participants older than 10 years (aOR=1.24, 95% CI 1.05–1.46).Conclusion: Obstructive and restrictive phenotypes were found to be relatively prevalent during childhood, which supports the early origins concept. Several well-known respiratory risk factors were associated with the obstructive phenotype, whereas only low BMI was associated with the restrictive phenotype, suggesting different underlying pathobiology of these two phenotypes.
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| 16. |
- Chiacchio, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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On the links between meteorological variables, aerosols, and tropical cyclone frequency in individual ocean basins
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 122:2, s. 802-822
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A generalized linear model based on Poisson regression has been used to assess the impact of environmental variables modulating tropical cyclone frequency in six main cyclone development areas: the East Pacific, West Pacific, North Atlantic, North Indian, South Indian, and South Pacific. The analysis covers the period 1980-2009 and focuses on widely used meteorological parameters including wind shear, sea surface temperature, and relative humidity from different reanalyses as well as aerosol optical depth for different compounds simulated by the Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport model. Circulation indices are also included. Cyclone frequency is obtained from the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. A strong link is found between cyclone frequency and the relative sea surface temperature, Atlantic Meridional Mode, and wind shear with significant explained log likelihoods in the North Atlantic of 37%, 27%, and 28%, respectively. A significant impact of black carbon and organic aerosols on cyclone frequency is found over the North Indian Ocean, with explained log likelihoods of 27%. A weaker but still significant impact is found for observed dust aerosols in the North Atlantic with an explained log likelihood of 11%. Changes in lower stratospheric temperatures explain 28% of the log likelihood in the North Atlantic. Lower stratospheric temperatures from a subset of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models properly simulate the warming and subsequent cooling of the lower stratosphere that follows a volcanic eruption but underestimates the cooling by about 0.5 degrees C.
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| 17. |
- Maul, Kayleigh M., et al.
(författare)
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Child abuse in Pakistan : A qualitative study of knowledge, attitudes and practice amongst health professionals
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0145-2134 .- 1873-7757. ; 88, s. 51-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Child abuse is a global problem and pervades all cultures and socio-economic strata. The effects can be profound and life altering for victims. There is substantial literature from high income countries about signs of abuse, but a dearth of data from low and middle income countries like Pakistan. Healthcare professionals (HCP) are ideally placed to detect abuse, but, to inform interventions, an understanding of their experiences, training needs and cultural beliefs is needed. This study aimed to: (1) Explore the challenges that HCP face when managing cases of abuse; (2) Explore cultural beliefs and understand how these shape practice and (3) Identify training needs. A qualitative study using a phenomenological design was conducted. In-depth interviews were conducted with doctors, nurses and security staff in the emergency department of a large private hospital in Pakistan (n = 15). Interviews were undertaken in Urdu, translated into English and analysed using an inductive thematic approach. Multiple challenges were identified. The process of referral to legal services was poorly understood and further training and guidelines was suggested by participants. As the legal system in Pakistan does not allow HCP to keep potentially abused patients in their custody, they felt restricted in their ability to advocate and concerned about the safety of both the identified children and themselves. HCP have potential to detect abuse early; however, in Pakistan there are numerous challenges. HCP require support through training, as well as clear institutional frameworks and legal support to undertake this role.
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