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- Hardell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Use of cellular and cordless telephones and risk of testicular cancer
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Andrology. - : Wiley. - 0105-6263 .- 1365-2605. ; 30:2, s. 115-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A case-control study on testicular cancer included use of cellular and cordless telephones. The results were based on answers from 542 (92%) cases with seminoma, 346 (89%) with non-seminoma, and 870 (89%) controls. Regarding seminoma the use of analog cellular phones gave odds ratio (OR) = 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.9-1.6, digital phones OR = 1.3, CI = 0.9-1.8, and cordless phones OR = 1.1, CI = 0.8-1.5. The corresponding results for non-seminoma were OR = 0.7, CI = 0.5-1.1, OR = 0.9, CI = 0.6-1.4, and OR = 1.0, CI = 0.7-1.4, respectively. There was no dose-response effect and OR did not increase with latency time. No association was found with place of keeping the mobile phone during standby, such as trousers pocket. Cryptorchidism was associated both with seminoma (OR = 4.2, CI = 2.7-6.5) and non-seminoma (OR = 3.3, CI = 2.0-5.6), but no interaction was found with the use of cellular or cordless telephones.
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- Hardell, L, et al.
(författare)
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Vestibular schwannoma, tinnitus and cellular telephones
- 2003
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Ingår i: Neuroepidemiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0251-5350 .- 1423-0208. ; 22:2, s. 124-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cases with tinnitus after using analogue cellular telephones are presented. An increased odds ratio of 3.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.77–6.76, was found for vestibular schwannoma (VS) associated with the use of analogue cell phones. During the time period 1960–1998, the age-standardized incidence of VS in Sweden significantly increased yearly by +2.53% (CI 1.71–3.35). A significant increase in the incidence of VS was only found for the latter of the two time periods 1960–1979 and 1980–1998. For all other brain tumors taken together, the incidence significantly increased yearly by +0.80% (CI 0.59–1.02) for the time period 1960–1998, although the increase was only significant for benign tumors other than VS during 1960–1979.
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- Casper, C, et al.
(författare)
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Coreceptor usage of primary HIV type 1 isolates obtained from different lymph node subsets
- 2005
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Ingår i: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1931-8405 .- 0889-2229. ; 21:12, s. 1003-1010
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biological characteristics of virus quantitatively rescued from different cell types present in lymph nodes of HIV-1-infected individuals in various stages of their disease were determined, not including patients with AIDS defining illness. Viruses were obtained by cocultivation with donor monocyte-derived macrophages and T-lymphocytes and their biological phenotype compared to viruses obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the same patient. The biological phenotype was determined on established cell lines (U937-2, CEM, and MT-2) and on the U87.CD4 coreceptor indicator cell lines and variable region 3 (V3) of the envelope was subjected to direct sequencing. All isolates obtained from lymph node subsets used CCR5 as coreceptor. Furthermore, these viruses were also sensitive to inhibition by beta-chemokines as analyzed for viruses of one patient. All 12 V3 regions showed a unique sequence indicating compartmentalization within each patient. The biological phenotype of CCR5-dependent (R5) HIV-1 isolates obtained from PBMC resembles the phenotype of viruses isolated from different lymph node cell subsets.
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| 15. |
- Esbjornsson, J., et al.
(författare)
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HIV-1 transmission between MSM and heterosexuals, and increasing proportions of circulating recombinant forms in the Nordic Countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: Virus Evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2057-1577. ; 2:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased knowledge about HIV-1 transmission dynamics in different transmission groups and geographical regions is fundamental for assessing and designing prevention efforts against HIV-1 spread. Since the first reported cases of HIV infection during the early 1980s, the HIV-1 epidemic in the Nordic countries has been dominated by HIV-1 subtype B and MSM transmission. HIV-1 pol sequences and clinical data of 51 per cent of all newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Sweden, Denmark, and Finland in the period 2000-2012 (N = 3,802) were analysed together with a large reference sequence dataset (N = 4,537) by trend analysis and phylogenetics. Analysis of the eight dominating subtypes and CRFs in the Nordic countries (A, B, C, D, G, CRF01_AE, CRF02_AG, and CRF06_cpx) showed that the subtype B proportion decreased while the CRF proportion increased over the study period. A majority (57 per cent) of the Nordic sequences formed transmission clusters, with evidence of mixing both geographically and between transmission groups. Detailed analyses showed multiple occasions of transmissions from MSM to heterosexuals and that active transmission clusters more often involved single than multiple Nordic countries. The strongest geographical link was between Denmark and Sweden. Finally, Denmark had a larger proportion of heterosexual domestic spread of HIV-1 subtype B (75 per cent) compared with Sweden (49 per cent) and Finland (57 per cent). We describe different HIV-1 transmission patterns between countries and transmission groups in a large geographical region. Our results may have implications for public health interventions in targeting HIV-1 transmission networks and identifying where to introduce such interventions.
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- Hardell, L, et al.
(författare)
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Cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for brain tumours
- 2002
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Ingår i: European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP). - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0959-8278. ; 11:4, s. 377-386
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Mild, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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High intrapatient HIV-1 evolutionary rate is associated with CCR5-to-CXCR4 coreceptor switch
- 2013
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Ingår i: Infection, Genetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-7257 .- 1567-1348. ; 19, s. 369-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In approximately 70% of individuals infected with HIV-1 subtype B, the virus switches coreceptor use from exclusively CCR5 use (R5 virus) to either inclusion of or exclusively CXCR4 use (X4 virus) during infection. This switch is associated with an accelerated loss of CD4(+) T-cells and a faster progression to AIDS. Despite intensive research, the mechanisms responsible for coreceptor switch remains elusive. In the present study, we investigated associations between viral evolutionary rate and selection pressure versus viral coreceptor use and rate of disease progression in eight patients with longitudinally sampled HIV-1 env V1-V3 sequences. By employing a Bayesian hierarchical phylogenetic model, we found that the HIV-1 evolutionary rate was more strongly associated with coreceptor switch than with rate of disease progression in terms of CD4(+) T-cell decline. Phylogenetic analyses showed that X4 variants evolved from R5 populations. In addition, coreceptor switch was associated with higher evolutionary rates on both the synonymous and non-synonymous substitution level, but not with dN/dS ratio rates. Our findings suggest that X4 viruses evolved from pre-existing R5 viral populations and that the evolution of coreceptor switch is governed by high replication rates rather than by selective pressure. Furthermore, the association of viral evolutionary rate was more strongly associated with coreceptor switch than disease progression. This adds to the understanding of the complex virus-host interplay that influences the evolutionary dynamics of HIV-1 coreceptor use. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
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