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| 3. |
- Brugnara, Y., et al.
(författare)
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A collection of sub-daily pressure and temperature observations for the early instrumental period with a focus on the "year without a summer" 1816
- 2015
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Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1814-9324 .- 1814-9332. ; 11:8, s. 1027-1047
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The eruption of Mount Tambora (Indonesia) in April 1815 is the largest documented volcanic eruption in history. It is associated with a large global cooling during the following year, felt particularly in parts of Europe and North America, where the year 1816 became known as the "year without a summer". This paper describes an effort made to collect surface meteorological observations from the early instrumental period, with a focus on the years of and immediately following the eruption (1815–1817). Although the collection aimed in particular at pressure observations, correspondent temperature observations were also recovered. Some of the series had already been described in the literature, but a large part of the data, recently digitised from original weather diaries and contemporary magazines and newspapers, is presented here for the first time. The collection puts together more than 50 sub-daily series from land observatories in Europe and North America and from ships in the tropics. The pressure observations have been corrected for temperature and gravity and reduced to mean sea level. Moreover, an additional statistical correction was applied to take into account common error sources in mercury barometers. To assess the reliability of the corrected data set, the variance in the pressure observations is compared with modern climatologies, and single observations are used for synoptic analyses of three case studies in Europe. All raw observations will be made available to the scientific community in the International Surface Pressure Databank.
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| 4. |
- Juckes, Martin N., et al.
(författare)
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Millennial temperature reconstruction intercomparison and evaluation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - 1814-9324. ; 3, s. 591-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There has been considerable recent interest in paleoclimate reconstructions of the temperature history of the last millennium. A wide variety of techniques have been used. The interrelation among the techniques is sometimes unclear, as different studies often use distinct data sources as well as distinct methodologies. Here recent work is reviewed and some new calculations performed with an aim to clarifying the consequences of the different approaches used. A range of proxy data collections introduced by different authors is used to estimate Northern Hemispheric annual mean temperatures with two reconstruction algorithms: (1) inverse regression and, (2) compositing followed by variance matching (CVM). It is found that inverse regression tends to give large weighting to a small number of proxies and that the second approach (CVM) is more robust to varying proxy input. The choice of proxy records is one reason why different reconstructions show different ranges. A reconstruction using 13 proxy records extending back to AD 1000 shows a maximum pre-industrial temperature of 0.25 K (relative to the 1866 to 1970 mean). The standard error on this estimate, based on the residual in the calibration period, is 0.14 K. Instrumental temperatures for two recent years (1998 and 2005) have exceeded the pre-industrial estimated maximum by more than 4 standard deviations of the calibration period residual.
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| 13. |
- Rothe, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Laser photodetachment of radioactive I-128(-)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G-Nuclear and Particle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 44:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first experimental investigation of the electron affinity (EA) of a radioactive isotope has been conducted at the CERN-ISOLDE radioactive ion beam facility. The EA of the radioactive iodine isotope I-128 (t(1/2) = 25 min) was determined to be 3.059 052(38) eV. The experiment was conducted using the newly developed Gothenburg ANion Detector for Affinity measurements by Laser PHotodetachment (GANDALPH) apparatus, connected to a CERNI-SOLDE experimental beamline. I-128 was produced in fission induced by 1.4 GeV protons striking a thorium/tantalum foil target and then extracted as singly charged negative ions at a beam energy of 20 keV. Laser photodetachment of the fast ion beam was performed in a collinear geometry inside the GANDALPH chamber. Neutral atoms produced in the photodetachment process were detected by allowing them to impinge on a glass surface, creating secondary electrons which were then detected using a channel electron multiplier. The photon energy of the laser was tuned across the threshold of the photodetachment process and the detachment threshold data were fitted to a Wigner law function in order to extract the EA. This first successful demonstration of photodetachment at an isotope separator on line facility opens up the opportunity for future studies of the fundamental properties of negatively charged radioactive isotopes such as the EA of astatine and polonium.
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| 16. |
- Brönnimann, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Unlocking Pre-1850 Instrumental Meteorological Records : A Global Inventory
- 2019
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Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 100:12, s. ES389-ES413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Instrumental meteorological measurements from periods prior to the start of national weather services are designated early instrumental data. They have played an important role in climate research as they allow daily to decadal variability and changes of temperature, pressure, and precipitation, including extremes, to be addressed. Early instrumental data can also help place twenty-first century climatic changes into a historical context such as defining preindustrial climate and its variability. Until recently, the focus was on long, high-quality series, while the large number of shorter series (which together also cover long periods) received little to no attention. The shift in climate and climate impact research from mean climate characteristics toward weather variability and extremes, as well as the success of historical reanalyses that make use of short series, generates a need for locating and exploring further early instrumental measurements. However, information on early instrumental series has never been electronically compiled on a global scale. Here we attempt a worldwide compilation of metadata on early instrumental meteorological records prior to 1850 (1890 for Africa and the Arctic). Our global inventory comprises information on several thousand records, about half of which have not yet been digitized (not even as monthly means), and only approximately 20% of which have made it to global repositories. The inventory will help to prioritize data rescue efforts and can be used to analyze the potential feasibility of historical weather data products. The inventory will be maintained as a living document and is a first, critical, step toward the systematic rescue and reevaluation of these highly valuable early records. Additions to the inventory are welcome.
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| 17. |
- Byström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Eosinophil cationic protein is stored in, but not produced by, peripheral blood neutrophils
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 32:7, s. 1082-1091
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is an eosinophil-derived protein, which has been shown to be present in circulating neutrophils. OBJECTIVE: To establish whether ECP is produced or internalized by peripheral blood neutrophils. METHODS: This was done using microscopy, flow cytometry, fractionation of cells and RT-PCR techniques. RESULTS: No ECP mRNA was detected after extensive cell purification to eliminate all traces of contaminating eosinophils. Examination of immunostained neutrophils by light, confocal, electron microscopy together with cell fraction experiments, established that ECP is present intracellularly and is mostly associated to cell granules. Uptake studies by flow cytometry and by using both cold and radiolabelled ECP showed that it is internalized by neutrophils and stored in some proportion in their primary granules. Upon stimulation with serum-treated Sephadex particles, the internalized ECP was partially released from cells. CONCLUSION: ECP is not produced but can be internalized by circulating neutrophils, which take it from the environment and partially store it in their primary granules.
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| 19. |
- Bäckström, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Multivariate comparison between peptide mass fingerprints obtained by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry with different trypsin digestion procedures
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1171:1-2, s. 69-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peptide mass fingerprints were obtained for three different proteins using three different digestion procedures in triplicates with liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. For each protein the results were compared with multivariate data analysis (cluster analysis, kernel principal component analysis) and pair-wise contrast evaluation. Clear systematic differences between the digestion procedures were established for all the proteins. The visual presentation of the pair-wise differences between procedures could to some extent be related to the protein fragments, although the main objective was to identify m/z and retention regions in the original peptide maps that should be subject to further exploration.
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| 20. |
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| 22. |
- Dubouis, Ghislain, et al.
(författare)
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It starts at home? Climate policies targeting household consumption and behavioral decisions are key to low-carbon futures
- 2019
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Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 52, s. 144-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through their consumption behavior, households are responsible for 72% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, they are key actors in reaching the 1.5°C goal under the Paris Agreement. However, the possible contribution and position of households in climate policies is neither well understood, nor do households receive sufficiently high priority in current climate policy strategies. This paper investigates how behavioral change can achieve a substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in European high-income countries. It uses theoretical thinking and some core results from the HOPE research project, which investigated household preferences for reducing emissions in four European cities in France, Germany, Norway and Sweden. The paper makes five major points: First, car and plane mobility, meat and dairy consumption, as well as heating are the most dominant components of household footprints. Second, household living situations (demographics, size of home) greatly influence the household potential to reduce their footprint, even more than country or city location. Third, household decisions can be sequential and temporally dynamic, shifting through different phases such as childhood, adulthood, and illness. Fourth, short term voluntary efforts will not be sufficient by themselves to achieve the drastic reductions needed to achieve the 1.5°C goal; instead, households need a regulatory framework supporting their behavioral changes. Fifth, there is a mismatch between the roles and responsibilities conveyed by current climate policies and household perceptions of responsibility. We then conclude with further recommendations for research and policy.
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| 23. |
- Foucard, T., Moberg, R. & Nordin, A.
(författare)
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Buellia
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nordic Lichen Flora. ; 2, s. 11-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Gadelshin, V. M., et al.
(författare)
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First laser ions at the CERN-MEDICIS facility
- 2020
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Ingår i: Hyperfine Interactions. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0304-3843 .- 1572-9540. ; 241:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CERN-MEDICIS facility aims to produce emerging medical radionuclides for the theranostics approach in nuclear medicine with mass separation of ion beams. To enhance the radioisotope yield and purity of collected samples, the resonance ionization laser ion source MELISSA was constructed, and provided the first laser ions at the facility in 2019. Several operational tests were accomplished to investigate its performance in preparation for the upcoming production of terbium radioisotopes, which are of particular interest for medical applications. © 2020, The Author(s).
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| 26. |
- Gamfeldt, Lars, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Higher levels of multiple ecosystem services are found in forests with more tree species
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forests are of major importance to human society, contributing several crucial ecosystem services. Biodiversity is suggested to positively influence multiple services but evidence from natural systems at scales relevant to management is scarce. Here, across a scale of 400,000km2, we report that tree species richness in production forests shows positive to positively hump-shaped relationships with multiple ecosystem services. These include production of tree biomass, soil carbon storage, berry production and game production potential. For example, biomass production was approximately 50% greater with five than with one tree species. In addition, we show positive relationships between tree species richness and proxies for other biodiversity components. Importantly, no single tree species was able to promote all services, and some services were negatively correlated to each other. Management of production forests will therefore benefit from considering multiple tree species to sustain the full range of benefits that the society obtains from forests.
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| 27. |
- HE, ZX, et al.
(författare)
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THRESHOLD BEHAVIOR IN SINGLE-PHOTON DOUBLE-IONIZATION OF ATOMIC OXYGEN
- 1995
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW A. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 1050-2947. ; 52:6, s. 4595-4598
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The threshold behavior of the single-photon double-ionization cross section of atomic oxygen has been studied using vacuum uv radiation from a synchrotron storage ring. The double-ionization cross section appears to follow a power law E(alpha) (where E is
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| 28. |
- Hedin, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Initial symptoms and three months follow-up after acute COVID-19 in outpatients : An international prospective cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of General Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1381-4788 .- 1751-1402. ; 29:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Most studies on long-term follow-up of patients with COVID-19 focused on hospitalised patients. No prospective study with structured follow-up has been performed in non-hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Objectives: To assess long-COVID and post-COVID (WHO definition: symptomatic at least 12 weeks), describe lingering symptoms, their impact on daily activities, and general practice visits and explore risk factors for symptom duration in outpatients. Methods: A prospective study of adult outpatients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptoms consistent with COVID-19 in 11 European countries, recruited during 2020 and 2021 from primary care and the community. Structured follow-up by phone interviews (symptom rating, symptom impact on daily activities and general practice visits) was performed at weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12 by study personnel. Data was analysed descriptively by using correlation matrixes and Cox regression. Results: Of 270 enrolled patients, 52% developed long-COVID and 32% post-COVID-syndrome. When only considering the presence of moderate or (very) severe symptoms at weeks 8 and 12, these percentages were 28% and 18%, respectively. Fatigue was the most often reported symptom during follow-up. The impact of lingering symptoms was most evident in sports and household activities. About half (53%) had at least one general practice contact during follow-up. Obese patients took twice as long to return to usual health (HR: 0.5, 95%CI: 0.3–0.8); no other risk profile could predict lingering symptoms. Conclusion: Long-COVID and post-COVID are also common in outpatients. In 32%, it takes more than 12 weeks to return to usual health.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Herrmann, Alina, et al.
(författare)
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Household preferences for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in four European high-income countries : Does health information matter? A mixed-methods study protocol
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is now universally acknowledged that climate change constitutes a major threat to human health. At the same time, some of the measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, so-called climate change mitigation measures, have significant health co-benefits (e.g., walking or cycling more; eating less meat). The goal of limiting global warming to 1,5° Celsius set by the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in 2015 can only be reached if all stakeholders, including households, take actions to mitigate climate change. Results on whether framing mitigation measures in terms of their health co-benefits increases the likelihood of their implementation are inconsistent. The present study protocol describes the transdisciplinary project HOPE (HOuseholds’ Preferences for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in four European high-income countries) that investigates the role of health co-benefits in households’ decision making on climate change mitigation measures in urban households in France, Germany, Norway and Sweden.Methods: HOPE employs a mixed-methods approach combining status-quo carbon footprint assessments, simulations of the reduction of households’ carbon footprints, and qualitative in-depth interviews with a subgroup of households. Furthermore, a policy analysis of current household oriented climate policies is conducted. In the simulation of the reduction of households’ carbon footprints, half of the households are provided with information on health co-benefits of climate change mitigation measures, the other half is not. Households’ willingness to implement the measures is assessed and compared in between-group analyses of variance.Discussion: This is one of the first comprehensive mixed-methods approaches to investigate which mitigation measures households are most willing to implement in order to reach the 1,5° target set by the Paris Agreement, and whether health co-benefits can serve as a motivator for households to implement these measures. The comparison of the empirical data with current climate policies will provide knowledge for tailoring effective climate change mitigation and health policies.
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| 35. |
- Lilja, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Limited effect of over-the-counter doses of ibuprofen on mechanisms regulating muscle hypertrophy during resistance training in young adults.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of applied physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 8750-7587 .- 1522-1601. ; 134:3, s. 753-765
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously shown that maximal over-the-counter doses of ibuprofen, compared with low doses of acetylsalicylic acid, reduce muscle hypertrophy in young individuals after 8 weeks of resistance training. Because the mechanism behind this effect has not been fully elucidated, we here investigated skeletal muscle molecular responses and myofiber adaptations in response to acute and chronic resistance training with concomitant drug intake. Thirty-one young (aged 18-35 years) healthy men (n=17) and women (n=14) were randomized to receive either ibuprofen (IBU;1200mg daily; n=15) or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; 75mg daily; n=16) while undergoing 8 weeks of knee extension training. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were obtained before, at week 4 after an acute exercise session, and after 8 weeks of resistance training and analyzed for mRNA markers and mTOR signaling, as well as quantification of total RNA content (marker of ribosome biogenesis) and immunohistochemical analyzes of muscle fiber size, satellite cell content, myonuclear accretion, and capillarization. There were only two treatment ´ time interaction in selected molecular markers after acute exercise (atrogin-1 and MuRF1 mRNA), but several exercise effects. Muscle fiber size, satellite cell and myonuclear accretion, and capillarization were not affected by chronic training or drug intake. RNA content increased comparably (~14%) in both groups. Collectively, these data suggest that established acute and chronic hypertrophy regulators (including mTOR signaling, ribosome biogenesis, satellite cell content, myonuclear accretion, and angiogenesis) were not differentially affected between groups and therefore do not explain the deleterious effects of ibuprofen on muscle hypertrophy in young adults.
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| 36. |
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| 38. |
- Moberg, A, et al.
(författare)
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Day-to-day temperature variability trends in 160-to 275-year-long European instrumental records
- 2000
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES. - : AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION. - 0747-7309. ; 105:D18, s. 22849-22868
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Day-to-day temperature variability is investigated in eight European series of daily mean temperatures beginning between 1722 and 1833. Eight statistical measures of day-to-day temperature variability are compared. The intramonthly standard deviation of d
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| 39. |
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| 42. |
- Moberg, Karen R., et al.
(författare)
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Mobility, food and housing: responsibility, individual consumption and demand-side policies in European deep decarbonisation pathways
- 2019
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Ingår i: Energy Efficiency. - : Springer Netherlands. - 1570-646X .- 1570-6478. ; 12:2, s. 497-519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Brundtland Commission report ‘Our Common Future’ highlighted that residents in high-income countries lead lifestyles incompatible with planetary boundaries. Three decades later, consumption-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have continued to increase. To achieve ‘well below 2°C’ and 1.5 °C goals, consumption-related emissions must be substantially reduced in the coming decades. This paper provides insights on how to pursue 1.5 °C pathways through changes in household consumption. It draws on original data gathered in the project ‘HOusehold Preferences for reducing greenhouse gas Emissions in four European High Income Countries’ (HOPE) to analyse policies targeting and affecting direct and indirect GHG emissions in three household consumption categories (mobility, housing and food) in four countries (France, Germany, Norway and Sweden) and four medium-sized cities. This paper demonstrates discrepancies and similarities between current governmental policy approaches in the four countries and household perceptions of consumption changes with respect to policy mechanisms, responsibilities and space for acting on mitigation. Current demand-side policy strategies rely heavily on instruments of self-governance and nudging behaviour. Whilst some of our data suggests that households broadly accept this, it also suggests that governments could more actively lead and steer demand-side mitigation via adjusting and supplementing a comprehensive list of 20 climate policy measures currently in place in one or more of the case countries. The paper concludes by suggesting areas for more effective policy change and household-level climate change mitigation to feed the next update of climate pledges under the Paris Agreement.
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| 46. |
- Moberg, R.
(författare)
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Physcia
- 2002
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Ingår i: Lichen flora of the greater Sonoran Desert Region. ; 1, s. 358-373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 47. |
- Moberg, Tilda, et al.
(författare)
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Placenta-associated adverse pregnancy outcomes in women experiencing mild or severe hyperemesis gravidarum – a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - 1471-2393. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) affects 50–80% of pregnant women and is correlated to the level of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe condition, with an incidence of 0.2–1.5%, characterized by consistent nausea, vomiting, weight loss and dehydration continuing after the second trimester. Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate a potential correlation between NVP or HG with adverse pregnancy outcomes and hCG levels. Method: A systematic search in PubMed, Embase and CINAHL Complete was conducted. Studies on pregnant women with nausea in the first or second trimester, reporting either pregnancy outcomes or levels of hCG were included. The primary outcomes were preterm delivery (PTD), preeclampsia, miscarriage, and fetal growth restriction. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I. The overall certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Results: The search resulted in 2023 potentially relevant studies; 23 were included. The evidence was uncertain for all outcomes, however women with HG had a tendency to have an increased risk for preeclampsia [odds ratio (OR) 1.18, 95% confidence of interval (CI) 1.03 to 1.35], PTD [OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.61], small for gestational age (SGA) [OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.35], and low birth weight (LBW) [OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.44]. Further, a higher fetal female/male ratio was observed [OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.60]. Meta-analyses were not performed for women with NVP; however, most of these studies indicated that women with NVP have a lower risk for PTD and LBW and a higher risk for SGA, and a higher fetal female/male ratio. Conclusion: There may be an increased risk in women with HG and a decreased risk in women with NVP for adverse placenta-associated pregnancy outcomes, however the evidence is very uncertain. Trial registration: PROSPERO: CRD42021281218.
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