| 1. |
- Ageberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Co-creating holistic injury prevention training for youth handball : Development of an intervention targeting end-users at the individual, team, and organizational levels
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 2052-1847. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundInterventions that are co-created with end-users, and that are informed by behavior change or implementation theories, support implementation in real world settings. However, injury prevention programs for youth athletes have typically been developed by experts with no, or insufficiently described, end-user involvement and without guidance by theories. The aim of the current study was to describe the development of a holistic injury prevention intervention for youth handball targeting end-users at different levels, through using knowledge from end-users and researchers/experts and applying relevant behavior change and implementation theories.MethodsKnowledge from researchers/experts (sports medicine, sport psychology, handball, physical therapy, strength and conditioning (n = 14)) and end-users (coaches, players, club administrators, n = 16), and applying relevant implementation (Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, CFIR), behavior change (Health Action Process Approach, HAPA) and motivational (Self-Determination Theory, SDT) theories, were used to co-design the intervention. Early end-users (coaches (n = 6), players (n = 3) and a club administrator (n = 1)) were interviewed for initial feedback.ResultsThe intervention consisted of end-user-targeted information and training that was made available in a specifically developed interactive mobile application with modules for players, coaches, club administrators, and caregivers. Information for all end-users included benefits and principles of physical and psychological injury prevention training, load-management, motivation, and communication. Information about implementation was developed for club administrators specifically. For coaches, training to do with their teams included handball-specific injury prevention exercises (legs, shoulders, core) combined with psychological aspects (motivation, task focus, body awareness) to integrate within warm-up and handball skills training. Training for players included handball-specific multi-joint strength, power, and explosive exercises (legs, shoulders, core) and sport psychology exercises (self-awareness, relaxation, being in the present moment, prevent and handle stress). To support self-management, adoption, and motivation, programs were provided, and players and coaches could change, add, progress the difficulty of exercises, and build their own programs. Initial feedback from early end-users was generally positive.ConclusionsUtilizing an approach where researchers/experts and end-users co-created injury prevention training specifically for youth handball, an intervention was generated that included information and holistic training targeting end-users at the individual (players, caregivers), team (coaches), and organizational (club administrators) levels.
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| 2. |
- Ageberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Co-creating injury prevention education and training for youth handball players targeting end-users at the individual, team and organizational levels
- 2023
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Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. - : Elsevier. - 1063-4584 .- 1522-9653. ; 31, s. S19-S20
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: Research has established that physical and psychological injury prevention training is effective in reducing injuries in youth team sports, but public health impact tends to be limited because such training is not widely, properly, or sustainably implemented. Insufficient involvement of end-users at the individual and organizational levels has been identified as a main barrier to implementation. Against this backdrop, the ‘Implementing injury Prevention training ROutines in TEams and Clubs in youth Team handball (I-PROTECT)’ project was initiated through dialogue between end-users and researchers with the goal of making injury prevention training an integral part of regular practice in youth handball through a series of studies. We have conducted studies within I-PROTECT and identified numerous barriers and facilitators, and address these determinants when designing the intervention.
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| 3. |
- Ageberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Cocreating injury prevention training for youth team handball : bridging theory and practice
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine. - London : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2055-7647. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although it is advocated that end-users are engaged in developing evidence-based injury prevention training to enhance the implementation, this rarely happens. The € Implementing injury Prevention training ROutines in TEams and Clubs in youth Team handball (I-PROTECT)' uses an ecological participatory design incorporating the perspectives of multiple stakeholders throughout the project. Within the I-PROTECT project, the current study aimed to describe the development of holistic injury prevention training specifically for youth handball players through using knowledge from both end-users (coaches and players) and researchers/handball experts. Employing action evaluation within participatory action research, the cyclical development process included three phases: research team preparation, handball expert-based preparation and end-user evaluation to develop injury prevention training incorporating both physical and psychological perspectives. To grow the knowledge of the interdisciplinary research team, rethinking was conducted within and between phases based on participants' contributions. Researchers and end-users cocreated examples of handball-specific exercises, including injury prevention physical principles (movement technique for upper and lower extremities, respectively, and muscle strength) combined with psychological aspects (increase end-user motivation, task focus and body awareness) to integrate into warm-up and skills training within handball practice. A cyclical development process that engaged researchers/handball experts and end-users to cocreate evidence-based, theory-informed and context-specific injury prevention training specifically for youth handball players generated a first pilot version of exercises including physical principles combined with psychological aspects to be integrated within handball practice. © 2022 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved. © 2022 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Mitchell, et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms of depression and anxiety among elite high school student-athletes in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic : A repeated cross-sectional study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Sciences. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0264-0414 .- 1466-447X. ; 41:9, s. 874-883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated numerous changes in daily life, including the cancellation and restriction of sports globally. Because sports participation contributes positively to the development of student-athletes, restricting these activities may have led to long-term mental health changes in this population. Using a repeated cross-sectional study design, we measured rates of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and anxiety using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 scale in student-athletes attending elite sport high schools in Sweden during the second wave of the pandemic (February 2021; n = 7021) and after all restrictions were lifted (February 2022; n = 6228). Depression among student-athletes decreased from 19.8% in 2021 to 17.8% in 2022 (p = .008, V = .026), while anxiety screening did not change significantly (17.4% to 18.4%, p > .05). Comparisons between classes across years revealed older students exhibited decreases in depressive symptoms, while younger cohorts experienced increases in symptoms of anxiety from 2021 to 2022. Logistic regressions revealed that being female, reporting poorer mental health due to COVID-19, and excessive worry over one’s career in sports were significant predictors of both depression and anxiety screenings in 2022. Compared to times when sports participation was limited, the lifting of restrictions was associated with overall reduced levels of depression, but not anxiety.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Henriksen, Kristoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Athlete mental health in the Olympic/Paralympic quadrennium : a multi-societal consensus statement
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - 1612-197X. ; 18:3, s. 391-408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This consensus statement is the product of the Second International Think Tank on Athlete Mental Health, held on the initiative of the International Society of Sport Psychology. The purposes of the Think Tank were to engage international sport psychology societies and organisations in a discussion about athlete mental health as embedded in an Olympic/Paralympic cycle, and to develop practical recommendations for sport organisations. An invited group of designated experts discussed applied experiences working with athletes within an Olympic and Paralympic environment. The Games and mental health are interrelated, because athletes committing whole-heartedly to an Olympic/Paralympic pursuit are at increased risk of disappointment, identity foreclosure, and high life stress. Dividing the quadrennial into three main phases (i.e., pre-, during-, and post-Games) participants discussed three topics for each phase: (1) the key opportunities and challenges; (2) the sport environment, and how it can nourish or malnourish athlete mental health; and (3) collaboration and communication within expert support teams. Each phase of the quadrennium presents specific challenges and opportunities, and mental health screening and support should be administered across all phases. However, the post-Games period is one of increased vulnerability, while at the same time, the returning staff is oftentimes exhausted and unavailable. Ideally, a specialised collaborative team should handle the post-Games mental health support. Initiatives are needed to (a) improve the psychological safety of pre-, during-, and post-Games high performance environments, (b) reduce unnecessary stress, (c) optimise recovery, (d) de-stigmatize mental health issues, and (e) increase help-seeking.
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| 8. |
- Henriksen, Kristoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Consensus statement on improving the mental health of high performance athletes
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - New York : Taylor & Francis. - 1612-197X .- 1557-251X. ; 18:5, s. 553-560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This consensus statement is the product of an international Think Tank on the initiative of the International Society of Sport Psychology. The purpose of the Think Tank was to unify major sport psychology organizations in a discussion of the current status and future challenges of applied and research aspects of athlete mental health. The contributors present six propositions and recommendations to inspire sport organizations and researchers. The propositions are: Mental health is a core component of a culture of excellence; Mental health in a sport context should be better defined; Research on mental health in sport should broaden the scope of assessment; Athlete mental health is a major resource for the whole athletic career and life post-athletic career; The environment can nourish or malnourish athlete mental health; and Mental health is everybody’s business but should be overseen by one or a few specified members. It is recommended that researchers unite to develop a more contextualized definition of athlete mental health and more comprehensive strategies of assessment, as well as join forces with sporting organizations to investigate sustainable elite sport environments and the role of the mental health officer. Sport organizations are advised to recognize athlete mental health as a core component of a healthy elite sport system and a key indicator of their effectiveness, support research initiatives, and to promote the mental health literacy of all their staff while engaging a mental health officer with the responsibility to oversee a support system. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
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| 9. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19-related impact on mental health and career uncertainty in student-athletes-Data from a cohort of 7,025 athletes in an elite sport high school system in Sweden.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2624-9367. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Mental health consequences and behavior change has been described in elite athletes following the vast impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world of sports. However, most study samples have been of limited size, and few studies have assessed student-athletes. This study aimed to analyze perceived mental health impact, measured as clinical degree of depression and anxiety, worry about one's sport and about one's career, and behavioral change with respect to video gaming behavior, in high-school athletes in Sweden.Methods: Data on anxiety and depression as well as on perceived behavioral changes during COVID-19 were collected from students at sports high schools in Sweden (N = 7,025) in February 2021, during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.Results: Sixteen and 14% met criteria of moderate/severe depression and anxiety, respectively. Many respondents reported feeling mentally worse during the pandemic (66%), and were worried about the future of their sport (45%) or about their own future in sports (45%). Increased gaming behavior during COVID-19 was reported by 29%. All mental health variables were significantly more common in women, except increased gaming (more common in men). Being worried about one's career was less common in winter sports, more common in team sports and more common in older student-athletes, and associated with both depression and anxiety in regression analyses.Discussion: Self-reported mental health impact of COVID-19 is substantial in student-athletes, and even more so in women and in team sports. The lower impact in winter athletes suggests a moderating effect of the seasons in which the COVID-19 outbreak occurred.
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| 10. |
- Håkansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Potentially Prolonged Psychological Distress from Postponed Olympic and Paralympic Games during COVID-19-Career Uncertainty in Elite Athletes.
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on the world of sports due to periods of home quarantine, bans against public gatherings, travel restrictions, and a large number of postponed or canceled major sporting events. The literature hitherto is sparse, but early indications display signs of psychological impact on elite athletes due to the pandemic. However, beyond acute effects from lockdown and short-term interrupted athletic seasons, the postponed and still uncertain Olympic and Paralympic Games may represent a major career insecurity to many athletes world-wide, and may lead to severe changes to everyday lives and potentially prolonged psychological distress. Given the long-term perspective of these changes, researchers and stakeholders should address mental health and long-term job insecurity in athletes, including a specific focus on those with small financial margins, such as many female athletes, parasports athletes, athletes in smaller sports, and athletes from developing countries. Implications and the need for research are discussed.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Moesch, Karin
(författare)
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A Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Intervention for Injured Athletes
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Sport Psychology in Action. - : Routledge. - 2152-0704 .- 2152-0712.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to describe a mindfulness- and acceptance-based intervention as it can be applied to athletes recovering from an acute injury. The intervention consists of two parts: (a) a web-based program where athletes are asked to engage in regular formal mindfulness practices, and (b) four sessions with a practitioner. The content of the intervention is described thoroughly, and I provide recommendations for practitioners who want to intervene with this group of athletes. A central point is to adapt the content of the intervention specifically to the rehabilitation context.
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| 13. |
- Moesch, Karin, 1975-
(författare)
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Applying ACT in the context of elite sports : a reflection on blurred lines between clinical issues and performance enhancement
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sport Psychology. - 9788491482826 ; , s. 186-186
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being an athlete at international level is primarily about performance accomplishments, and sport psychology has traditionally focused on performance enhancement and clinical issues has received limited attention. However, mental health is becoming a greater concern in the context of elite sports (Baltzell, 2016; Gardner & Moore, 2006). Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) is regarded as the third wave of Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in clinical psychology (Hayes, 2004). Interestingly, ACT is becoming increasingly applied to the context of sports (Baltzell, 2016; Gardner & Moore, 2006). Basically, brief interventions of ACT can conceptually be described by three core pillars represented by open, aware and engaged (Strosahl, Robinson, & Gustavsson, 2012). Open is about the ability to accept uncomfortable sensations and distress without resistance and struggle. Consequently, when open, behaviour is shaped by direct results rather than rigid rules. Awareness is essentially the ability to experience the present moment and to take perspective on self and the story about self. Finally, engaged is the behaviour oriented dimension and is expressed by strong connection with values and the ability to sustain value-consistent actions. Moreover, value driven recovery behaviours may potentially enhance health and performance. Committed actions are specific behaviours that arise as “reflections” based upon values. Ultimately, athletes should be able to stay connected to valued driven behaviours, on purpose, in the present moment, and do it with full acceptance. This presentation will address sport psychology consultants who work across the blurred lines between performance enhancement and clinical issues with elite athletes with ACT-based interventions at the Olympics. Finally, the presentation will discuss some future directions with emphasise on preventive ACT-interventions applied to the elite sports.
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| 14. |
- Moesch, Karin, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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"Be Mindful Even Though It Hurts" : A Single-Case Study Testing the Effects of Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Intervention on Injured Athletes’ Mental Health
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology. - Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics. - 1932-9261 .- 1932-927X. ; 14:4, s. 399-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Injury is a serious setback for athletes and might jeopardize mental health. The aim of this study is to investigate if a mindfulness- and acceptance-based intervention can improve mindfulness (nonreactivity and acting with awareness), acceptance, and well-being, and decrease the level of symptoms of anxiety and depression. A single-case design with multiple, staggered, and nonconcurrent baselines was used. Six seriously injured athletes took part in an 8-week intervention and repeatedly completed questionnaires on all variables for the duration of the study. The results showed that, on average, there were significant clinical changes between phases in nonreactivity, well-being, and acceptance. No effect was seen in the two remaining scales. On an individual level, two participants showed effects in all scales, two participants in some of the scales, and two participants in the scale nonreactivity. Results are discussed in light of existing research, and implications for practitioners’ clinical methods are presented. © 2019-2020 Human Kinetics
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| 15. |
- Moesch, Karin, 1975-
(författare)
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”Be mindful even though it hurts”: The potential benefit of mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions in sport injury rehabilitation.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nordic Sport Science Conference – "The Double-Edged Sword of Sport: Health Promotion Versus Unhealthy Envirnments". - Halmstad : Halmstad University Press. ; , s. 45-46
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionGetting injured often causes psychological reactions such as depressive symptoms or anxiety (see for an overview Brewer & Redmond, 2017). Such reactions not only compromise the athletes’ wellbeing, but can also impact the athlete’s rehabilitation behaviour, the overall outcome of the rehabilitation, and the fact if he/she returns to sport (e.g., De Heredia et al., 2004). A recent meta-analysis showed that negative affective responses had a negative effect on successful return to sport (Ivarsson et al., 2017). Thus, it seems appropriate to integrate psychological interventions alongside the physical rehabilitation. Reviews supported the effectiveness of psychological interventions (mostly based on Psychological Skills Training or biofeedback) during rehabilitation of sport injury to reduce the negative emotional responses and improve behavioural responses during rehabilitation (Schwab Reese et al., 2012). However, several authors call for the use of other interventions, such as mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions (MABI).Aim and theoretical frameworkThe aim of this presentation is to highlight the potential benefit of adopting MABIs, such as mindfulness, Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment approach (MAC), to help injured athletes handle the negative emotions and thoughts caused by a severe sport injury. The central feature of MABIs is to elaborate a modified relationship with internal experiences (such as thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations) rather than seeking to suppress them or change their form or frequency (as done in PST). By learning to monitor, decenter from, and accept one´s inner experiences, the individual develops a healthier relationship to, and will be less affected by such internal experiences, which leaves more room to engage in valuable behaviours that move the individual toward his/her goals. Specific focus will be laid on mindfulness interventions, as mindfulness is an integral part in all MABIs.MethodA thorough literature search has been conducted to find articles about outcomes of mindfulness training and about mechanisms that are related to these outcomes. Likewise, a specific search for studies done with any MABI with injured athletes and for studies investigating variables related to MABIs has been conducted.ResultsResults from reviews reveal that mindfulness practice has a positive effect on stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, emotion regulation, wellbeing, and on behavior regulation in adults (e.g., Keng et al., 2011), and on self-confidence, life quality and pain acceptance in non-athletic populations of adults in rehabilitation (Hardison & Roll, 2016). Mechanisms for these beneficial effects are among others monitoring, acceptance, decentering and exposure (Brown et al., 2007; Lindsay & Creswell, 2017).Four studies have been conducted using MABIs with injured athletes. They show promising results; however, they contain methodological concerns such as short intervention length or small sample sizes. Two recent studies investigated variables that are central in MABIs, acceptance and psychological flexibility. Higher levels in these variables were related to better adherence and emotional response during injury rehabilitation.Discussion and conclusionsBased on the results above, it seems appropriate to adopt MABIs in sport injury rehabilitation. Given the fact that MABIs have become increasingly popular for performance enhancement in elite sports, it seems time to integrate and scientifically study these approaches more thoroughly in the context of sport injury rehabilitation.ReferencesBrewer, B. W., & Redmond, C. J. (2017). Psychology of sport injury. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., & Creswell, J. D. (2007). Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychological Inquiry, 18, 211-237.De Heredia, R. A. S., Muñoz, A. R., & Artaza, J. L. (2004). The Effect of Psychological Response on Recovery of Sport Injury. Research in Sports Medicine, 12, 15-31Hardison, M. E., & Roll, S. C. (2016). Mindfulness interventions in physical rehabilitation: A scoping review. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 70, 1-9.Ivarsson, A., Tranaeus, U., Johnson, U., & Stenling, A. (2017). Negative psychological responses of injury and rehabilitation adherence effects on return to play in competitive athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 27. doi:10.2147/OAJSM.S112688Keng, S.-L., Smoski, M. J., & Robins, C. J. (2011). Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: A review of empirical studies. Clinical Psychological Review, 31, 1041-1056.Lindsay, E. K., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Review: Mechanisms of mindfulness training: Monitor and Acceptance Theory (MAT). Clinical Psychology Review, 51, 48-59. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.011Schwab Reese, L. M., Pittsinger, R., & Yang, J. (2012). Review: Effectiveness of psychological intervention following sport injury. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 1, 71-79. doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2012.06.003
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring nonverbal behavior in elite handball players: Development of the Handball Post-Shot Behavior Coding Scheme (H-PSB-CS)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Sport Behavior. - 0162-7341. ; 38:1, s. 52-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is hypothesized that nonverbal behaviors of team sport athletes have an important impact on the course of the game. However, quantitative research on this topic is rare, partly due to a lack of scientifically sound coding schemes developed to assess nonverbal behavior in team sports. The aim of the present study is to develop a coding scheme that measures nonverbal behaviors displayed by female handball players in the post-shot period. A preliminary coding scheme was based on existing literature and an expert panel. This coding scheme was tested during eighteen matches in Sweden’s highest handball league. Based on the results of inter- and intra-agreement analyses, further adaptations were made. The final version, the Handball Post-Shot Behavior Coding Scheme (H-PSB-CS), included the categories post-shot behavior gesture (PSB-G) with six behaviors and post-shot behavior touch (PSB-T) with five behaviors. The development of the H-PSB-CS is discussed in light of the results and provides a resource to advance behavior-focused research. In addition, it may apply to sport psychology practitioners working with nonverbal behavior in their teams.
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| 19. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Nonverbal Behaviors in Elite Handball: How and When do Players Celebrate?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1041-3200 .- 1533-1571. ; 27:1, s. 94-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores nonverbal behaviors in the form of gestures and touch during elite handball matches. Based on a coding scheme, 616 postshot periods following a goal, stemming from 18 matches, were analyzed. Results revealed that, on average, 2.77 nonverbal behaviors were displayed after scoring. Play-off matches resulted in a higher average of nonverbal behaviors than league matches. The more a team was leading by, the higher the overall number of nonverbal behaviors; meanwhile, the overall amount of nonverbal behaviors declined over the course of a match. The results pinpoint to the situation specificity of nonverbal behaviors during ongoing matches.
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| 20. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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FEPSAC position statement : Mental health disorders in elite athletes and models of service provision
- 2018
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Ingår i: Psychology of Sport And Exercise. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1469-0292 .- 1878-5476. ; 38, s. 61-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mental health disorders (MHD) in elite athletes is a topic that has received increased attention in recent years. The overall aim of this position statement is to enhance awareness of this important topic and to critically discuss optimal service provision for athletes who suffer from MHD. In the first part of the paper a short overview of the research on MHD in elite athletes is provided. Elite athletes seem to have comparable prevalence rates for the most common MHD when compared to non-athletic peers, but there are still many disorders that have not been investigated in athletes. Sport specific situations such as injuries, periods of overtraining and career termination may put athletes at an increased risk of developing MHD. In the second part of the paper, models of service provision for elite athletes suffering from MHD from six European countries are presented, focusing on 1) professional service providers, 2) support systems, 3) diagnostic assessment, 4) clinical treatment, 5) performance during treatment, 6) screening, and 7) education systems. It emerges that competencies, certification issues, and professional boundaries of the involved service providers, as well as the structure of the National Health Care systems differ strongly across European countries, which makes defining a golden standard difficult. In the third part of this paper, the authors provide general recommendations for athletes and coaches, clubs, federations, organizations and scholars that hopefully will inspire stakeholders to optimize their support systems.
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| 21. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Hard fact or illusion? An investigation on momentum in female elite handball from a team perspective
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - 1557-251X. ; 12:2, s. 106-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Athletes constantly report experiences of momentum during athletic contests, and they consider momentum as being an important factor for the outcome of a competition. However, researchers trying to capture momentum with quantitative methods see themselves confronted with inconclusive results. To explain this gap between athletes’ belief and results from quantitative data, it is hypothesised that momentum might not necessarily happen in every match, and/or that momentum only emerges in short periods of a match. Taking into account limitations of research done so far, the present study investigates the prevalence of momentum, defined from a behavioural perspective and measured through serial dependence and non-stationarity, in female elite handball. In order to take into account players’ judgements of different match events, a pre-study was done with 49 female elite players. These data were used to estimate autocorrelations and χ2 tests from 43 matches in 2 play-off round of the Swedish Championships. In line with existing studies, the results confirmed that momentum was difficult to capture in the behavioural analysis: The results revealed that only 11.6% (autocorrelations), respectively, 16.3% (χ2 tests) of the matches showed signs for momentum, and some matches even showed signs for anti-momentum. However, it emerged that five-minute periods of momentum happen in nearly 75% of all matches. This result led to the hypothesis that athletes base their belief in momentum on such short-term periods, but that momentum normally not lasts for a complete match. The results are discussed in light of the existing literature, and propositions for future research are provided.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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How much means touch? An investigation of touching behaviors among female elite handball players
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- From a team sport perspective, players’ emotional expressions can have a detrimental impact on team performance through a process called emotional contagion (Hatfield et al., 1994). Moll et al. (2010) examined emotional expressions of soccer players during penalty shootouts and found that individual expressions were related to team success. Touch is one way of expressing emotions and considered an important part of emotional communication (Hertenstein et al. 2006), but has so far only received limited attention in sport psychology research (e.g. Kneidinger et al., 2001). The present study aims at expanding the approach of Moll et al. (2010) by investigating if touching behavior as a specific form of emotional expression is related to subsequent performance in women’s team handball.Eighteen matches from the highest women handball league in Sweden resulted in a total of 1,239 coded situations that form the basis for the analyses. The coding situation starts when a player executes a shot with the intention to score and ends when she has returned to her defense position. A coding scheme was elaborated based on existing literature and was checked for face validity by an expert panel with four experts. Coding was done by the authors and checked for both inter-observer reliability through the coding results of a research assistant and intra-observer reliability through a re-test. Analyses were done using t-tests, ANOVAs and logistic regressions.Overall, the results reveal that the winning team shows significantly more touching behavior after scoring than the losing team (t = -2.36, df = 613, p < .05). There is a significant decline in the average of touching behaviors after scoring from the beginning to the end of the match (F = 2.29, df = 5, p < .05). Moreover, teams use significantly less touching behavior after scoring when they are far behind than when scores are close or they are leading (F = 4.00, df = 2, p < .05). The results of the logistic regression show that the amount of touch after scoring significantly predicts success in the coming offence for substituting players (χ2 = 4.33, df = 1, p < .05). Likewise, there is a trend in the same direction for permanent players after not scoring (χ2 = 3.65, df = 1, p = .06). To conclude, touch behavior seems to play an important role in team sports and deserves further attention in research.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Late specialization : the key to success in centimeters, grams, or seconds (cgs) sports
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 21:6, s. 282-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A controversial question within elite sports is whether young athletes need to specialize early, as suggested by Ericsson et al., or if it is more beneficial to follow the path of early diversification proposed by Côté et al., which includes sampling different sport experiences during childhood and specializing later on during adolescence. Based on a Danish sample of 148 elite and 95 near‐elite athletes from cgs sports (sports measured in centimeters, grams, or seconds), the present study investigates group differences concerning accumulated practice hours during the early stages of the career, involvement in other sports, career development, as well as determining whether or not these variables predict membership in the elite group. The results clearly reveal that elite athletes specialized at a later age and trained less in childhood. However, elite athletes were shown to intensify their training regime during late adolescence more than their near‐elite peers. The involvement in other sports neither differs between the groups nor predicts success. It can be concluded that factors related to the organization of practice during the mid‐teens seem to be crucial for international success within cgs sports. Future research should adopt a longitudinal design with means of drawing causal inferences. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S
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| 26. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Making It to the Top in Team Sports : Start Later, Intensify, and Be Determined!
- 2013
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Ingår i: Talent Development and Excellence. - : International Research Association for Talent Development and Excellence (I R A T D E). - 1869-0459 .- 1869-2885. ; 5:2, s. 85-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is debated whether young athletes need to specialize early, or if it is more beneficial to follow the path of early diversification. The present study investigates the career paths and related motivational and volitional factors of Danish elite and nearelite team sport athletes. Seventy-six athletes matched by sport, age and sex participated in the study. Elite athletes started their career later and showed higher self-determination and lower values in postponing training. The logistic regression showed that fewer accumulated training hours up to age 12, but more up to age 15 significantly predicted elite group membership. All other investigated variables did not show significant results. It is concluded that there are more similarities than differences between the two groups. © 2013 International Research Association for Talent Development and Excellence
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| 27. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Making it to the top in team sports: Start later, intensify, and be determined!
- 2013
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Ingår i: Talent Development and Excellence. - 1869-0459. ; 5:2, s. 85-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is debated whether young athletes need to specialize early, or if it is more beneficial to follow the path of early diversification. The present study investigates the career paths and related motivational and volitional factors of Danish elite and near-elite team sport athletes. Seventy-six athletes matched by sport, age and sex participated in the study. Elite athletes started their career later and showed higher self-determination and lower values in postponing training. The logistic regression showed that fewer accumulated training hours up to age 12, but more up to age 15 significantly predicted elite group membership. All other investigated variables did not show significant results. It is concluded that there are more similarities than differences between the two groups.
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| 28. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Nonverbal behaviour in handball : A three-phase project based on behavioural observation
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonverbal behaviour (NVB) as means of expressing emotions is an important channel for social interaction (Riggio & Riggio, 2012). Nonverbal cues influence others through mechanisms such as emotional contagion (see e.g. Hatfield et al., 1994) or impression formation (see e.g. Warr & Knapper, 1968). These are important aspects in team sports, but research is sparse.A series of studies aiming at exploring NVB during handball matches will be presented. First, a coding scheme that reliably captures NVB in the post-shot period, the Handball Post-Shot Behavior Coding Scheme (H-PSB-CS) was developed (Moesch et al., 2015b). Thereafter, data from 616 post-scoring coding situations from 18 female elite handball matches were analyzed using the H-PSB-CS. Results showed among others that players displayed more NVB after scoring in playoff compared to league matches, that the bigger leading a team had, the more NVB were displayed after scoring, and that the amount of NVB declined over the course of a match (Moesch et al., 2015a). Furthermore, the interaction of the ongoing history of events of the game (i.e., how the team performs) and touch (but not gesture) significantly predicted subsequent performance: A high degree of touch when playing well, and a low degree of touch when playing poorly were related with positive subsequent performance, while, showing much touch when playing poorly, or showing little touch when playing well predicted negative performance (Moesch et al., 2015c). The findings of the presented studies resulted in low effect sizes, which can be due to the fact that it is difficult to control all external variables in such complex contexts. However, there are many advantages of using behavioural observation, for example high ecological validity.
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| 29. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Nonverbal post-shot celebrations and their relationship with performance in elite handball
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - 1612-197X .- 1557-251X. ; 16:3, s. 235-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonverbal behaviour has an important function in team sports, but research is limited. Adopting a psychological momentum (PM) framework, this study explores the relationship between a team’s history of events, nonverbal post-shot celebrations in the form of gestures and touch shown by the shooter after scoring, and subsequent team performance during handball matches. A naturalistic design with systematic observation was chosen for the present study. Based on an existing coding scheme, 616 post-shot periods from 18 high-stake matches of the highest league in Sweden were analysed. Results showed that the better a team’s prior performance, the more gestures were displayed after scoring in the following period. A high degree of touch when playing well, and a low degree of touch when playing poorly were related to positive subsequent team performance, while, showing much touch when playing poorly, or showing little touch when playing well were related to negative subsequent team performance. The amount of displayed gesture and touch alone was not significantly related to subsequent team performance. To conclude, nonverbal post-shot celebrations were related to subsequent team performance, but only when the ongoing history of events was taken into account, and only for touch. Based on these results, the history of events emerges as an important variable when the dynamics of ongoing team sport matches are investigated. Furthermore, touch, compared to gesture, seems to be of more importance for subsequent team performance. As expected when investigating complex phenomena in ongoing matches, the findings resulted in small effect sizes.
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| 30. |
- Moesch, Karin
(författare)
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Psychological momentum in handball
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral dissertation deals with a phenomenon that is often referred to in sports, but still poorly understood from a scientific angle: psychological momentum (PM). No consensus has been agreed on how to label this phenomenon, and other terms such as momentum or behavioural momentum (BM) are often used interchangeably. In everyday language, PM can be explained by periods in a match where everything goes perfectly well (i.e., positive PM), or periods in a match where nothing works out as it should (i.e., negative PM). In short, it is about the flow of the game. Study I investigated the existence of momentum in female elite handball matches. The findings revealed that only 11.6% (autocorrelations), respectively 16.3% (χ2 tests), of the matches showed signs of momentum. In 7% of the matches, signs of anti-momentum were found. However, in nearly three of four matches, at least one five-minute period of momentum was detected. These results suggest that momentum exists in short periods, but normally does not last for a complete match. In Study II, semi-structure interviews with nine coaches of female elite handball teams were done to explore their perception of triggers, strategies, and characteristics of PM. The results showed that characteristics of both positive and negative PM could be categorised into factors regarding behaviour, cognition, confidence, emotions, and the team. Triggers for positive PM were grouped into the categories confidence, players’ individual factors, team factors, and team-opponent factors, whereas triggers for negative PM related to the categories coach factors, confidence, external factors, players’ individual factors, and team factors. The coaches mentioned a plethora of strategies that can be applied to enhance the chances to end up in a positive PM. Study III investigated the relationship between a team’s history of events, nonverbal behaviours in the form of gesture and touch shown by the shooter after scoring, and subsequent team performance. The results revealed among others that a high degree of touch when playing well, and a low degree of touch when playing poorly were related to positive subsequent team performance, while showing much touch when playing poorly, or showing little touch when playing well were related to negative subsequent team performance. Several conclusions can be drawn: Momentum in handball is short-lived, complex in nature, and probably best portrayed in a circular way where the different variables influence each other reciprocally. The display of touch after scoring seems to be a means of maintaining positive PM.
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| 31. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Reasons for Career Termination in Danish Elite Athletes: Investigating Gender Differences and the Time-point as Potential Correlates
- 2012
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Ingår i: Sport Science Review. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2069-7244 .- 2066-8732. ; XXI:5-6, s. 49-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Career termination, an inevitable step in every athlete’s career, has received increased attention within sport psychological research. A career termination that results in psychological problems is of special concern for sport federations, organizations and clubs. Research has shown that it is crucial to consider an athlete’s the reason for career termination. There is evidence that the causes of an involuntary and unplanned career termination are disadvantageous for athletes’ well-being. There are many important aspects of career termination, such as cultural and social aspects, gender, and the time-point of the occurrence. The present study therefore aims at investigating the causes of career termination and possible correlates with gender and the time-point thereof among Danish elite athletes. Method: Data was gathered from 68 retired Danish elite athletes about their reasons for career termination and about its time-point. A qualitative analysis with the reasons mentioned by the athletes was performed. Moreover, t-tests and chi-square tests were conducted to analyze differences between males and females, and among athletes ending their career at different time-points in their career. Results: The results revealed 10 different reasons given for career termination with lack of motivation, injury or health problems and family-related reasons being the top three. Female athletes mentioned that they ended their career due to family-related reasons more often than their male peers. More than a third of all athletes ended their career before their perceived achievement of peak performance. Financial reasons seemed to be of more importance for career termination for athletes ending their career before or at peaking, whereas family-related reasons were more often mentioned by athletes during or after their performance peak. Discussion and conclusion: The results of the study provide an overview of the career termination reasons of Danish elite athletes, which can provide practitioners and organizations with helpful insight when designing respective interventions. When planning such interventions it could be advantageous to deliver specific support for women to enable them to optimally combine family life with an elite sport career.
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| 32. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Reasons for career termination of female Danish elite athletes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Sport and Exercise Psychology. - Madeira : Institute of Sport of the Autonomous Region of Madeira. - 9789729809026 ; , s. 193-193
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the past, career termination research has focused on many different aspects (e.g. cultural differences, transitional phases, adaptation processes, psychological problems, etc.). Research on gender differences of these aspects, however, is rather scarce.The aim of this study is to investigate gender-specific reasons for why elite athletes competing at the highest international level stop their careers. In one of the few existing studies on the topic Reints and Wylleman (2010) identified gender differences concerning career lengths as well as reasons for career termination.The purpose of this study is to analyze the lengths of the different career stages as well as career end of 32 female and 38 male Danish top-level athletes who all achieved either a medal at European level or placed among the top ten at world level.The data was collected in an online study in 2009. Results indicate that on average Danish female elite athletes end their career at the age of 28.5 years and that the three most frequent reasons for ending are injury (28%), starting a family (22%) and lack of motivation / achieved it all (17%). No gender differences appear concerning career length or length of the different career stages. However, females and males differ on reasons for career termination.These differences will be discussed on the basis of how to improve the situation of female athletes ending their career and how career support services could be better designed to match their needs.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Moesch, Karin, 1975-
(författare)
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The FEPSAC certification for specialists in applied sport psychology
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sport Psychology. - 9788491482826 ; , s. 295-296
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A main goal of the currently elected Managing Council of the European Federation of Sport Psychology (FEPSAC) is to establish certification guidelines for specialists in applied sport psychology. These guidelines are to define the minimum standard for practitioners in the field of sport psychology - who can have an initial qualification background in either psychology or sport science - that must be met to qualify for professional independent practice in the field of applied sport psychology. This certified practitioner should be able to plan, execute and evaluate sport psychology counselling for mentally healthy athletes who aim to enhance and optimize performance and wellbeing. This excludes work with athletes who suffer from mental health problems, whilst being aware that the line between performance enhancement and mental health issues is not an obvious one (see Roberts, Faull & Tod, 2016). Up until now the members of the FEPSAC MC have analyzed and evaluated the certification systems of different European countries and discussed the topic with individuals and organizations with expertise in certification and education in applied sport psychology. Based on the outcome of these discussions, the MC put forward criteria that need to be met by practitioners in order to be able to receive the FEPSAC certification. These criteria relate to four areas, namely: (a) higher education qualification; (b) sspecialization in sport psychology; (c) supervised applied practice; and (d) commitment to European and FEPSAC values. During the presentation we will outline these four areas in more detail and further describe the progress FEPSAC has made with regard to implementing its certification system. The goal is to have the certification system running by 2019 preceded by a pilot phase in 2018.
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| 36. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Volition distinguishes elite football players from near elites and talented dropouts
- 2011
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Ingår i: Sport and Exercise Psychology: Human Performance, Well-Being and Health. - Madeira : Institute of Sport of the Autonomous Region of Madeira. - 9789729809026 ; , s. 155-155
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivational and volitional characteristics are considered important factors for athletic success but can also be connected to drop-out from elite sports (Elbe et al., 2003; Ericsson et al., 1993). This study investigates volitional and motivational factors of top-level Danish football players. Sixty five female and 42 male players (N = 107; age: M = 21.03 years, SD = 4.89) completed an online survey requesting information about sport success, career development and reasons for retirement (if applicable). In addition they filled in the short version of the Achievement Motives Scale -Sport (Elbe & Wenhold, 2005) and four scales of the Volitional Components Questionnaire-Sport (Wenhold et al., 2009).The sample was divided into elite (n = 23), near-elite (n = 65) and dropouts (n = 19) based on athletic success and reasons for retirement. A one-way between-subjects ANOVA was used to calculate differences between these three groups concerning motivational and volitional factors. The ANOVA revealed significant differences regarding the volitional scales self-determination (p < .05), avoiding effort (p < .01) and postponing training (p < .01).The elite athletes showed the most beneficial values in all three scales, whereas the dropouts showed the lowest scores. No significant differences were found regarding the other variables. The results identify volition as a crucial personality factor for elite football players, which might also be connected to dropping out of sport.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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“Yeah, I mean, you’re going to handball, so you want to use balls as much as possible at training” : End-users’ perspectives of injury prevention training for youth handball players
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 19:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Young handball players experience high injury rates. Specific injury prevention programs reduce injury rates but are not well implemented into youth players’ training. The ‘Implementing injury Prevention training ROutines in TEams and Clubs in youth Team handball (I-PROTECT)’ project addresses this challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate how youth handball coaches and players experienced the recently developed I-PROTECT GO pilot program, by focusing on barriers and facilitators. Three focus group interviews were conducted with coaches and players, and their answers were analyzed using a general inductive approach. The participants appreciated the program and found it useful for their context. The participants’ statements about facilitators and barriers centered around the categories of resources, exercises, program design, and learning. Facilitators that emerged were motivating exercises (e.g., handball-specific), a helpful set-up (e.g., variation), having a clear purpose of exercises, the possibility to fulfil basic psychological needs while training, receiving instructions and feedback, and having role models. Barriers that emerged were limited space and material, difficulties with exercises, an unhelpful set-up (e.g., too repetitive), and undisciplined training. It is important to address perceived barriers and facilitators among coaches and players when developing injury prevention training programs to enhance the uptake of such training.
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