| 1. |
- Angioni, A., et al.
(författare)
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A distributed automation architecture for distribution networks, from design to implementation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks. - : Elsevier. - 2352-4677. ; 15, s. 3-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the current increase of distributed generation in distribution networks, line congestions and PQ issues are expected to increase. The smart grid may effectively coordinate DER, only when supported by a comprehensive architecture for automation. In IDE4L project such architecture is designed based on monitoring, control and business use cases. The IDE4L instance of SGAM architecture is derived and explained in details. The automation actor are specified in terms of interfaces, database and functions. The division in these three layers boosted the implementation phase as dedicated interfaces, databases or application has been developed in a modular way and can be installed in different HW/SW. Some implementation instances are presented and the main output of the architecture is discussed with regards to some indexes as communication traffic and level of distribution of automation functions.
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| 2. |
- Cabañas Ramos, Jaqueline, et al.
(författare)
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AI-assisted design integration of MVDC control and protection
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings 17th International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection (DPSP 2024). - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). ; , s. 38-46
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method is presented to assist in the design of control and protection parameters for a Medium Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) system using a Single-Layer Perceptron (SLP) type of Neural Network. Unlike studies that typically verify control and protection parameters separately, in this work different operational scenarios are considered to analyze the joint performance of control and protection design. Then, a neural network is trained to learn the correlation between these parameters and the outcomes of success or failure cases. Tests are conducted using a modular multi-level converter (MMC) topology in an MMC-MVDC point-to-point system. The MMC-HVDC system is modelled in MATLAB/Simulink, and the SLP is developed using the Keras library (integrated with TensorFlow) in Python.
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| 3. |
- Cabañas Ramos, Jaqueline, et al.
(författare)
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Getting Ready for Multi-Vendor and Multi-Terminal HVDC Technology
- 2024
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Ingår i: Energies. - : Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). - 1996-1073. ; 17:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interoperable multi-vendor High-Voltage Direct-Current (HVDC) grids are a key enabler for the integration of renewable energy (in particular offshore wind) and its transmission over longer distances to consumers. However, most HVDC systems today are single-vendor and point-to-point. Various technical and non-technical aspects need to be considered, for example, (real-time) testing, legal aspects (intellectual property and regulation), and the multi-vendor interoperability process. This paper presents findings from the READY4DC project, which is a larger and open European effort involving diverse stakeholders, including HVDC manufacturers, transmission system operators, wind developers, academia, and research institutes. It summarizes key technical recommendations, emphasizing comprehensive interaction studies and the development of a structured legal framework to facilitate the development and operation of a multi-vendor, multi-terminal HVDC grid. The READY4DC project highlights the need for increased harmonization, transparent communication among stakeholders, and future-oriented research to ensure the robustness and interoperability of interconnected grids. Collaborative efforts are key for addressing technical complexities and advancing the deployment of multi-vendor multi-terminal HVDC technology.
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| 4. |
- Haghgoo, Maliheh, et al.
(författare)
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A cloud-based service-oriented architecture to unlock smart energy services
- 2021
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Ingår i: Energy Informatics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2520-8942. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a modern smart energy system with increased penetration of renewable energy resources, the amount of data from various sources is growing significantly. Such systems require complex algorithms and controlling on-demand. These requirements can be addressed with on-demand scalability and a stable system. Nowadays, on-demand scalability is achieved by considering cloud computing and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. This paper presents a cloud-based platform based on service-oriented architecture to perform analyzes on smart energy system services. It is the result of the European FISMEP (FIWARE for Smart Energy Platform) project to demonstrate an information and communication technology (ICT) architecture for the smart energy sector. The presented architecture is powered by FIWARE, open-source and customizable building blocks for future internet applications and services. Furthermore, the feasibility of the architecture is evaluated using various test cases.
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| 5. |
- Haghgoo, Maliheh, et al.
(författare)
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Open Smart Energy Eco-System for the Future
- 2020
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. - : IOP Publishing. - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315. ; 588:2
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the increasing complexity of the global energy system and the amount of data transmitted by smart devices, there is an urgent need to unlock smart technologies and services with investments on the scalability of computational resources. This objective can be achieved by means of a standardized software platform that can support interoperability and behave as the main vehicle for the rapid implementation of innovative energy services. One possibility to enhance computational power on demand is cloud computing, which forms the Internet of Things (IoT). In this work, a customizable open-source IoT platform setup using the FIWARE framework is deployed, which exploits the advantages for a smart energy domain. The term platform comprehends a set of software tools that allow quick integration of various devices. This study presents the implemented platform and analyses its functionality in di↵erent use cases on the European level.
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| 6. |
- Jahn, Ilka, et al.
(författare)
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Functional Modelling of MMC Control and Protection
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The behavior of modular multilevel converters (MMCs) is, to a large degree, determined by their control and protection (C&P) software. Understanding and managing the functionalities of the C&P software are becoming relevant in high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) systems with setups ranging from electrical proximity of single-vendor systems, connections on the same AC or DC busbars to more advanced multi-vendor setups with split C&P software as done in China. Some concept-level ideas for clustering C&P software functions have been put forward. However, the organizational and management aspects have not been discussed in the available literature. This paper presents the model-based systems engineering (MBSE) methodology as a possible approach to organizing software functions and their implications and interactions in multi-vendor HVDC setups. Some practical aspects are illustrated using an example, and future developments and synergies with other tools are discussed. The presented ideas are meant to stimulate discussions in the field of multi-vendor HVDC interoperability - a domain that will have to manage complex software and hardware, such as to deliver the anticipated unprecedently high number of HVDC systems.
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| 7. |
- Jahn, Ilka, et al.
(författare)
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On the Partitioning of MMC Control Systems Using Graph Theory
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2644-1314. ; 3, s. 611-620
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Control systems of modular multilevel converters can be partitioned into several levels. Such partitioning is becoming relevant in multi-vendor high-voltage direct-current systems where one party may deliver the converter hardware and associated control, whereas another party may deliver the system-related control. However, the exact control system partitioning has not been subject to research. This paper presents a method for partitioning control systems into two levels with minimum dependencies between the two levels. Furthermore, the impact of specific control designs on the partitioning and integration effort is discussed using an example. The presented method is useful for the design of multi-vendor control systems for modular multilevel converters whose partitioning otherwise would be based on engineering intuition
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| 8. |
- Kaharević, Amila, et al.
(författare)
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A review of HVDC and MVDC grid protection
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings 19th International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission (ACDC 2023). - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many studies show the advantages of direct current (DC) systems over alternating current (AC) systems for integrating renewable energy sources into the grid. However, protection design is still one of the key challenges, which delays the fast implementation of DC grids. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) is a well-established technology that resulted in several commercial installations. On the contrary, medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) is a technology in an earlier research and development stage with mostly research-based installations and only a few commercial ones. A research gap is present in many aspects of MVDC protection. This paper aims to review, compare and discuss the similarities and differences between HVDC and MVDC protection, and to propose potential strategies for future research and development in order to accelerate the development and integration of MVDC grid
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| 9. |
- Malakhatka, Elena, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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From use cases to business cases: I-GReta use cases portfolio analysis from innovation management and digital entrepreneurship models perspectives
- 2024
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Ingår i: Energy Informatics. - 2520-8942. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study provides a detailed exploration of how innovation management and digital entrepreneurship models can help transform technical use cases in smart grid contexts into viable business cases, thereby bridging the gap between technical potential and market application in the field of energy informatics. It focuses on the I-GReta project Use Cases (UCs). The study employs methodologies like Use Case Analysis, Portfolio Mapping of Innovation Level, Innovation Readiness Level, and the Tech Solution Business Model Canvas (TSBMC) to analyse and transition from technical use cases to viable business cases. This approach aligns technological solutions with market demands and regulatory frameworks, leveraging digital entrepreneurship models to navigate market challenges and foster energy management, sustainability, and digitalization.
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| 10. |
- Moritz, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Distributed Model Predictive Frequency Control of Inverter-Based Power Systems
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 12, s. 53250-53265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing dominance of inverter-based resources (IBRs) in power generation leads to significantly faster frequency dynamics in modern power systems. Therefore, the secondary control within the classical hierarchical structure must operate significantly faster. However, high communication burdens are inherent to centralized implementations of secondary control. This paper proposes a faster, distributed model predictive control (MPC) scheme for secondary frequency control of inverter-based power systems. The controller predicts the IBRs' local frequency dynamics by considering the impact of the primary control of nearby IBRs. To obtain an optimal model-predictive control problem consisting of distributable subproblems, we introduce a novel trimming procedure to the frequency divider concept, an analytical formulation that estimates the local frequency at system buses. These subproblems have a tunable degree of mutual coupling. The presented distributed MPC achieves fast, error-free frequency regulation in the presence of abrupt load changes while also being robust to communication losses of participating IBRs. By design, the distributed control relies on a sparse neighbor-to-neighbor communication structure and uses local MPC problems that do not scale in complexity with system size. Numerical simulations of the IEEE 39-bus system and an extended CIGRE medium voltage power system demonstrate the fast performance of the proposed distributed MPC scheme for secondary frequency control.
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| 11. |
- Mueller, Sven Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Interfacing Power System and ICT Simulators : Challenges, State-of-the-Art, and Case Studies
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1949-3053 .- 1949-3061. ; 9:1, s. 14-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the transition toward a smart grid, the power system has become strongly intertwined with the information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure. The interdependency of both domains requires a combined analysis of physical and ICT processes, but simulating these together is a major challenge due to the fundamentally different modeling and simulation concepts. After outlining these challenges, such as time synchronization and event handling, this paper presents an overview of state-of-the-art solutions to interface power system and ICT simulators. Due to their prominence in recent research, a special focus is set on co-simulation approaches and their challenges and potentials. Further, two case studies analyzing the impact of ICT on applications in power system operation illustrate the necessity of a holistic approach and show the capabilities of state-of-the-art co-simulation platforms.
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| 12. |
- Salawudeen, Ahmed T., et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced Chameleon Swarm Algorithms for Nested Identical Control of Load Frequency in Autonomous Microgrid
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 12, s. 42544-42571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a novel Nested Identical Control (NIC) method for load frequency control of multi-area microgrid systems employing two novel variants of the Chameleon Swarm Algorithm (CSA). Load frequency control, a common strategy to counter power system instabilities from load fluctuations, poses a significant challenge. Maintaining system stability amidst substantial load shifts becomes particularly challenging in complex power networks spanning multiple areas with several generators. To address this, we first designed two novel variants of CSA called Quasi-oppositional CSA (QCSA) and Quasi-Levy-oppositional CSA (QLCSA). In QCSA, a quasi-oppositional-based learning operator is used to improve the diversification and intensification of CSA. The QLCSA incorporates the Levy flight operator into the QCSA to avoid stagnation and local minimal entrapment. We evaluated the efficiency of these variants against the original CSA and five other highly performing algorithms on the IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation benchmark functions. Subsequently, we employed the new CSA variants to design a NIC for load frequency control of a two-area microgrid system, considering different cases of uncertainties. The NIC strategy is designed such that the controller parameters of each loop in one area are inherited by the controller of the corresponding loop in the second area, with a target to achieve <3% overshoot in every frequency fluctuation and < 10 sec of settling time. Simulated results on the benchmark functions prove the superiority of QLCSA and QCSA over CSA and the selected highly-performing algorithms. The dynamic responses of the NIC-controlled microgrid system in numerical time-domain simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed control approaches when compared with PID control tuned using MATLAB's control system tuner.
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| 13. |
- Wang, Xiaoyu, et al.
(författare)
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Guest Editorial: Modeling and Simulation Methods for Analysis and Design of Advanced Energy Conversion Systems
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. - 1558-0059 .- 0885-8969. ; 35:1, s. 309-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The papers in this special section examine modeling and simulation methods for the analysis and design of advanced energy conversion systems. Energy conversion lies aEnergyveral fronts including materials, conversion methods, power electronics, and controls have created new opportunities for efficient energy conversion from both the conventional and new sources of energy. Our urgent need to solve many critical problems with regards to the sustainability and security of our energy system as well as the ever-increasing environmental challenges facing humanity have further spurred unprecedented opportunities for creation of innovative solutions to address these challenges.
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